• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 25
  • 21
  • 13
  • 6
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 79
  • 64
  • 19
  • 19
  • 16
  • 13
  • 13
  • 13
  • 12
  • 11
  • 10
  • 10
  • 9
  • 9
  • 8
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Uso nocivo ou dependencia de bebidas alcoolicas e comportamento suicida em pacientes internados no Hospital Geral / Suicidal behavior amongst patients with alcohol missue admitted to a General Hospital

Lima, Daniela Dantas, 1975- 02 August 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Neury Jose Botega / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T14:02:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_DanielaDantas_M.pdf: 2966571 bytes, checksum: 532efaab621a4ee6e0c61f49a27d93c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Objetivo: Detectar fatores associados ao comportamento suicida em pacientes que fazem uso nocivo de bebidas alcoólicas internados em hospital geral. Método: 4.352 pacientes, admitidos consecutivamente, foram avaliados utilizando-se um rastreamento do qual constavam as escalas AUDIT e HAD. Fixando-se histórico de tentativa de suicídio como variável dependente, testes de qui-quadrado foram realizados com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Resultados: Uso nocivo de álcool (AUDIT > 8) foi detectado em 423 pacientes. Dentre estes, 60 (14,2%) tinham depressão (HAD > 8) e 34 (8%) tinham histórico de tentativa de suicídio. Observou-se, também, maior frequência de tentativa de suicídio prévia em pacientes que estavam deprimidos (p = 0,0001), portadores de HIV (p = 0,0001) e que faziam uso de psicofármacos (p = 0,02). Conclusões: A elevada prevalência de depressão em pacientes com transtornos relacionados ao uso de álcool e com tentativa de suicídio pregressa reforça a hipótese de que há outros fatores, como a depressão, relacionados à co-ocorrência de alcoolismo e suicídio / Abstract: Objective: to detect factors associated to suicidal behavior among patients admitted to a general hospital who presented harmful alcohol drinking pattern. Method: 4352 patients consecutively admitted were screened by means of the AUDIT and HAD. Chi-square tests were performed taking history of previous suicide attempts as dependent variable. Results: 432 individuals presented alcohol harmful use or dependence (AUDIT > 8), 60 (14.2%) of which had depression (HAD > 8) and 34 (8%) previous suicide attempt. The latter was more frequent among those who were depressed (p = 0.0001), taking psychotropic medicines (p = 0.02) and HIV positive (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The high prevalence of depression in these patients reinforces the hypothesis that there are other factors, such as depression, associated with the cooccurrence of alcoholism and suicide / Mestrado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Mestre em Ciências Médicas
42

Tentativa de suicídio: vivências dos profissionais de saúde no pronto-socorro / Attempted suicide: health care professionals experiences in the E.R.

Giovana Vidotto Roman Toro 16 December 2016 (has links)
O suicídio é um fenômeno complexo, considerado problema de saúde pública devido às altas taxas de tentativas e consequentes óbitos. O contato inicial com o paciente que tentou o suicídio, na maioria das vezes, ocorre no pronto-socorro do hospital geral, sendo, fundamental analisar o relacionamento entre os membros da equipe de saúde e o paciente com comportamento suicida para entender como o cuidado está sendo oferecido. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender como profissionais de saúde, que atuam no pronto-socorro, vivenciam a assistência prestada ao paciente que tentou suicídio. A pesquisa teve caráter qualitativo e a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas abertas. O material obtido a partir dos depoimentos foi avaliado por meio da técnica da análise temática. As respostas dadas pelos colaboradores foram agrupadas em temas comuns: conceituação do suicídio; importância do atendimento multiprofissional; diferenças entre o SUS e o sistema privado; as distintas posturas dos profissionais de saúde; relação família-paciente; medicamentos como forma de cuidado e tentativa de suicídio; sofrimento psíquico entre os profissionais. A presente investigação apontou que a assistência ao paciente que tentou o suicídio no pronto-socorro é inadequada, marcada pela falta de preparo e fragmentação do cuidado. Evita-se o contato com o sofrimento intenso relacionado com o ato suicida e o cuidado a esse paciente é redirecionado aos profissionais da saúde mental. Os fatores que influenciam na assistência precisam ser reconhecidos e reformulados para que haja melhoria na qualidade dos atendimentos possibilitando um cuidado integral à pessoa com ideação e tentativa de suicídio / Suicide is a complex phenomenon, considered a public health problem given high resultant mortality rates. In the majority of cases, initial contact with patients who attempted suicide occurs in the emergency room of a general hospital. As a result, analyzing the relationship between members of the healthcare team and the patient with suicidal behavior is paramount to understanding how care is being provided. The objective of this study was to understand health care professionals experiences in treating attempted suicide patients while working in the E.R. The study was qualitative in nature and data were collected via open interviews. The data obtained from the depositions were analyzed using thematic analysis. The responses given by the interviewees were grouped into topics: the concept of suicide; the importance of multidisciplinary care; differences between the public and private health systems; the different postures of health care professionals; the patient-family relationship; medication as both a form of treatment and a manner for attempted suicide; and psychic suffering among health care professionals. The present study found that care for patients provided in the E.R. after attempting suicide is inadequate, defined by a lack of preparation on part of the health care professionals and fragmented care. Health care professionals avoid contact with the intense suffering related with the act of suicide and these patients are redirected to mental health professionals. The diverse factors that influence care should be recognized and reconsidered so that the quality of care is improved, which would provide for holistic care of the patient with suicidal thoughts or attempted suicide
43

Custos diretos e indiretos de tentativas de suicídio de alta letalidade internadas em hospital geral / Direct and indirect costs of suicide attempts with hight lethality in a general hospital

Sgobin, Sara Maria Teixeira, 1978- 22 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Neury José Botega / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sgobin_SaraMariaTeixeira_M.pdf: 1926254 bytes, checksum: 107ab5117d2523a5185ac3e39e1f3408 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O suicídio, ao longo dos anos, vem se tornando um problema de saúde pública. Além do impacto emocional e social, a morte prematura por suicídio implica um grande impacto econômico. Apesar de se estimar que as tentativas de suicídio sejam de 10 a 20 vezes mais frequentes que o suicídio, seu impacto socioeconômico é pouco estudado. Na tomada de decisão para medidas de prevenção do comportamento suicida, o conhecimento do ônus financeiro, levando-se em conta o custo do suicídio e de tentativas de suicídio, pode ser um forte sensibilizador de gestores públicos para a implementação de estratégias de prevenção, e estimular futuros estudos de custo efetividade. No Brasil, segundo o que pudemos revisar, não há dados publicados a esse respeito, sendo este, o intuito do presente estudo. Objetivo: Descrever os custos direto (custo diretamente ligado ao tratamento da tentativa de suicídio) e indireto (perda de produtividade após a tentativa de suicídio) de casos de tentativas de suicídio com alta intencionalidade suicida e alta letalidade de método internados em um hospital geral universitário, e comparar esses custos aos de casos de síndrome coronariana aguda internados no mesmo hospital, no mesmo período. Método: Estudo observacional comparativo tipo análise de custo de doença desenvolvido com pacientes internados no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Resultados: Os valores médios de custo encontrados por episódios de tentativa de suicídio de alta intencionalidade suicida e alta letalidade de método foram: custo direto individual R$10635,62 ($6168,65USD), Custo indireto individual R$1186,35 ($688,08 USD) e, custo total de R$12.351,31 ($7163,75USD). No grupo de síndromes coronarianas agudas, o custo direto médio por episódio foi R$7989,56 ($4633,94 USD), e o custo indireto médio foi R$2228,15 ($1292,27 USD). O custo total por episódio foi R$10220,61 ($5929,95 USD). A análise comparativa entre os diferentes tipos de custo (custo direto, custo indireto e custo indireto familiar), indica uma diferença significativa entre os custos indiretos a familiares dos dois fenômenos, apontando para custos significativamente mais elevados no grupo de tentativas de suicídio (p=0,0022 e 0,0066 quando ajustado para a idade). Conclusão: as tentativas de suicídio graves, com alta intencionalidade suicida e alta letalidade de método utilizado na tentativa de suicídio podem apresentar um custo econômico total tão elevado quanto às síndromes coronarianas agudas, doença com maior fardo econômico mundial. Dentre os componentes do custo direto, o custo hospitalar é responsável pela maior parte dos custos, particularmente as diárias hospitalares. Um dos achados mais importantes deste estudo foi à diferença encontrada entre o custo indireto familiar dos dois eventos. Familiares da amostra de pacientes com tentativa de suicídio apresentaram um custo indireto significativamente maior que familiares do grupo de pacientes de síndrome coronariana aguda. Este fato reforça a ideia que o comportamento suicida não afeta apenas o indivíduo, mas sim o meio social à sua volta: emocionalmente e economicamente / Abstract: Besides the socio-emotional impact, the premature death caused by suicide implies a high economic impact. Although being more frequent, the social-economical impact of suicide attempts is little studied. The knowledge of this financial burden, through studies of direct and indirect costs may be a strong sensitizer of public gestors for the implementation of prevention strategies. Considering suicide prevention in Brazil, there are no published data about it. Objective: to describe the direct and indirect costs of suicide attempt cases with high suicide intention and high lethality of the method taking in account inpatients of general university hospital and to compare to the costs of acute coronary syndrome cases considering inpatients of the same hospital. Method: a comparative observations study analyzing the cost of the illness. Results: the average values of the costs met per episodes of suicide attempt were: direct individual cost $6168,65 USD, indirect individual cost $688,08 USD and total cost of $7163,75 USD. In the group of acute coronary syndromes, the direct cost per episode was $4633,94 USD, the indirect average cost was $1292,27 USD, and the total cost per episode was $5929,95 USD. The comparative analysis among the different types of cost (direct cost, indirect cost and family indirect cost) shows a meaningful difference between the indirect costs and the family cost of the two phenomena with meaningfully more elevated costs in the group of suicide attempts (p=0,0022 and 0,0066 when age adjusted). Conclusion: the severe suicide attempts may present a total cost as elevated as the acute coronary syndromes, an illness with the biggest economic burden in the world. Among the components of the direct cost, the hospital cost is responsible for most of the costs. An important finding of this study was the meaningful difference between the indirect family costs of the two events. Relatives of the patients with suicide attempt showed an indirect cost significantly higher than relatives of patients with acute coronary syndrome. This fact reinforces the idea that the suicide behavior does not affect only the individual but the social environment around him/her, both emotionally and economically / Mestrado / Saude Mental / Mestra em Ciências Médicas
44

Association of traumatic brain injury with intentional and unintentional injury among United States Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn veterans

Fonda, Jennifer R. 03 October 2015 (has links)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered the “signature injury” for United States Veterans who deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), and Operation New Dawn (OND) since 2001. Veterans with TBI may be at higher risk for subsequent intentional and unintentional injuries due to cognitive and executive function impairments from the injury and co-occurring psychiatric conditions. This dissertation evaluated the association between TBI and attempted suicide, motor vehicle accidents, and opioid overdose, in a large cohort of United States OEF/OIF/OND Veterans aged 18 to 40 who received care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). These studies utilized data from the VHA electronic medical records collected between April 2007 and September 2012. Study 1 evaluated the association between TBI and attempted suicide. Veterans with TBI had approximately a 4-fold increased risk of attempted suicide compared to those without, adjusting for demographics (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 3.73, 95% CI = 3.07, 4.53). The mediation analyses suggested that the psychiatric conditions substantially attenuated the impact of TBI on attempted suicide (aHR: 1.25 (95% CI = 1.05, 1.48). Study 2 evaluated the association between TBI and motor vehicle accidents. Veterans with TBI had a 56% increased risk of motor vehicle accident compared to those without, adjusting for demographics (aHR: 1.58, 95% CI = 1.27, 1.97). However, the mediation analyses attenuated this association (aHR: 1.17, 95% CI = 0.96, 1.43). Study 3 evaluated the association between TBI and opioid overdose among OEF/OIF/OND Veterans receiving long-term opioid treatment for non-cancer, chronic pain. Veterans with TBI had 2-fold increased risk for opioid overdose compared to those without, adjusting for demographics (aHR: 2.00, 95% CI = 1.26, 3.16). Nevertheless, the mediation analyses suggested that psychiatric conditions attenuated the impact of TBI on opioid overdose (aHR: 1.38, 95% CI = 0.94, 2.01). In conclusion, these studies add to the literature about risk of intentional and unintentional injuries among Veterans with TBI. Additionally, it highlights that Veterans with TBI and at least one co-morbid psychiatric condition are a particularly vulnerable group with the highest risk for injuries.
45

Die evaluering van 'n maatskaplikewerk voorkomingsprogram vir swart tieners met selfmoordneigings in die Noordwes Provinsie / Elizabeth Ivy Smit

Smit, Elizabeth Ivy January 2014 (has links)
Suicide and suicidal attempts have increased over the years and the phenomenon is rapidly increasing countrywide. The rate in increase has not been happe•ning only internationally, but has unsettlingly noted to be rising in South Africa, too. Suicidal attempt has become one of the biggest social problems amongst the youths, and a problem that society has to grapple with. According to the media and statistics presented, the youth engage with destructive behavior and attempted suicide is rampant amongst Black adolescents. The young person imitates his peers and is constantly under pressure to do as the group does. Thus conformity and acceptance are the core words. The adolescent attempts suicide to solve problems. Various reasons are given for suicidal attempts and the youth names amongst others family problems, academic issues, relationship problems and so forth. In the attempt to take own life. different methods are used to commit suicide which range from overdosage, especially amongst females, to ingestion of harmful substances like bleach (clothes detergent) and hair products. Amongst males, more drastic actions in method of attempting suicide are used like hanging, gunshot and jumping from high places like bridges and buildings. There are also instances of self-inflicted burning (immolation) in some cases. Black youths have been found in recent years to engage in suicide and suicidal tendencies, whereas in previous years the tendency was almost non-existent. This calls for an investigation in Black adolescents' way of life and specifically in what their needs are. The latter is drawn from the profile presented; a task which was not easy as there exist little or no literature in this regard. This study should thus be seen as a precursor for further and more comprehensive and exclusive research especially on the social functioning of Blacks and their communities, in general. The results should be used to have sustainable school programmes aimed at the youth in general, but specifically those at risk and displaying destructive behaviour. / PhD (Social Work), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
46

Die evaluering van 'n maatskaplikewerk voorkomingsprogram vir swart tieners met selfmoordneigings in die Noordwes Provinsie / Elizabeth Ivy Smit

Smit, Elizabeth Ivy January 2014 (has links)
Suicide and suicidal attempts have increased over the years and the phenomenon is rapidly increasing countrywide. The rate in increase has not been happe•ning only internationally, but has unsettlingly noted to be rising in South Africa, too. Suicidal attempt has become one of the biggest social problems amongst the youths, and a problem that society has to grapple with. According to the media and statistics presented, the youth engage with destructive behavior and attempted suicide is rampant amongst Black adolescents. The young person imitates his peers and is constantly under pressure to do as the group does. Thus conformity and acceptance are the core words. The adolescent attempts suicide to solve problems. Various reasons are given for suicidal attempts and the youth names amongst others family problems, academic issues, relationship problems and so forth. In the attempt to take own life. different methods are used to commit suicide which range from overdosage, especially amongst females, to ingestion of harmful substances like bleach (clothes detergent) and hair products. Amongst males, more drastic actions in method of attempting suicide are used like hanging, gunshot and jumping from high places like bridges and buildings. There are also instances of self-inflicted burning (immolation) in some cases. Black youths have been found in recent years to engage in suicide and suicidal tendencies, whereas in previous years the tendency was almost non-existent. This calls for an investigation in Black adolescents' way of life and specifically in what their needs are. The latter is drawn from the profile presented; a task which was not easy as there exist little or no literature in this regard. This study should thus be seen as a precursor for further and more comprehensive and exclusive research especially on the social functioning of Blacks and their communities, in general. The results should be used to have sustainable school programmes aimed at the youth in general, but specifically those at risk and displaying destructive behaviour. / PhD (Social Work), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
47

Cicatrizes de um trauma: aspectos emocionais relacionados ao ato da tentativa de suicídio pelo uso do fogo

Maciel, Karine Viana January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-06-25T12:25:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Karine Viana Maciel.pdf: 2535958 bytes, checksum: 49b9572829afd97dff02ab49891de5f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-25T12:25:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karine Viana Maciel.pdf: 2535958 bytes, checksum: 49b9572829afd97dff02ab49891de5f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação é composta por dois artigos, um de revisão sistemática da literatura e um empírico. A pesquisa desenvolvida teve como foco de investigação as tentativas de suicídio realizadas a partir do uso do fogo. No estudo I, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura nacional e internacional sobre a temática das tentativas de suicídio através de queimaduras autoinfligidas, no período de 2007-2012, nas bases de dados Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo. Encontrou-se 23 artigos, a maioria de natureza quantitativa e que foram publicados em diferentes revistas da área da saúde e por diferentes profissionais. Os resultados apontam que este acontecimento ocorre com maior freqüência nos países subdesenvolvidos, em que as taxas para o suicídio consumado apresentam-se maiores para o sexo masculino e, nos casos de tentativas de suicídio, a grande maioria dos sujeitos é do sexo feminino. Os estudos também averiguaram que as pessoas que tentavam suicídio pelo fogo apresentavam baixo nível de escolaridade, deram na maioria adultos jovens e tinham histórico psiquiátrico e/ou abuso de drogas e dificuldades de relacionamento social e familiar. Já no estudo II, o objetivo foi compreender os significados da escolha do fogo como um dispositivo para a tentativa de suicídio e identificar os aspectos emocionais que permeiam a vida desses indivíduos diante do trauma da queimadura. Participaram do estudo oito mulheres que haviam sofrido queimaduras autoinfligidas há pelo menos um ano e meio e que estavam em acompanhamento médico ambulatorial para reparação das cicatrizes da queimadura em um hospital de Porto Alegre. Todas as participantes responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada que investigava a história de vida das participantes, o momento de atear-se fogo, a experiência da queimadura, seu atual contexto de vida, os sentimentos após o ato, a reinserção social e como a queimadura tem afetado no seu dia a dia e sua saúde psíquica e física. Além disso, também foi aplicado um questionário de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos. A idade das mesmas variou entre 24 e 55 anos, cinco delas relataram serem casadas/viver junto, duas se separaram após a ocorrência da queimadura e uma delas era viúva. A maioria das participantes colocou fogo em si mesmo num ato impulsivo, em que elas não tinham conhecimento sobre as cicatrizes deixadas pela queimadura e admitiram tê-lo feito para intenção de chamar a atenção de algum familiar próximo a elas. Após o ato, surgiram dificuldades relacionadas à reinserção social, enfrentamento com o olhar de estranhamento do outro e com o seu próprio, diante de uma nova imagem. Concluiu-se que é de extrema importância que se invista em programas de informação e prevenção a fim de evitar que novos casos de queimaduras autoinfligidas venham a ocorrer, causando consequências devastadoras destes sujeitos. / This dissertation consists in two articles, a systematic review of the literature and an empirical. The conducted survey focused on research suicide attempts made from the use of fire. The study 1 carried out a systematic review of national and international literature on the topic of suicide attempts by self-inflicted burns in the period 2007-2012, the databases Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE / PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo. It was found 23 articles, most quantitative and which were published in various journals in the area of health and by different professionals. The results show that this event occurs more frequently in developing countries, where the rates for suicide present higher for males, and in cases of attempted suicide, the vast majority of subjects were female. The studies also found out that people who had attempted suicide by fire had low level of education achievement, were mostly young adults and had psychiatric history and/or substance abuse and difficulties on social and family relationships. In the study 2, the aim was to understand the meanings of the choice of fire as a device for the suicide attempt and identify the emotional aspects that permeate the lives of these individuals before the burn trauma. The study included eight women who had suffered self-inflicted burns for at least a year and a half and were under medical supervision for outpatient repair of burn scars at a hospital in Porto Alegre. All participants completed a semi structured interview that was investigating the life history of the participants, the time to fire themselves, experience the burn, their current life context, the feelings after the act, social reintegration and how the burn has affected in their daily lives and their mental and physical health. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to sociodemographic and clinical data. The age of them ranged between 24 and 55 years old, five of them reported being married/living together, two got divorced after the burn occurrence and one was widowed. Most participants set fire to themselves in an impulsive act, in which they had no knowledge about the scars left by burns and admitted having done so with the intention of calling a close relative’s attention. After the act, there were difficulties related to social reintegration, coping with the look of estrangement from the other and with their own, before a new image. It was concluded that it is extremely important to invest in prevention and information programs to avoid the occurrence of new cases of self-inflicted burns that cause devastating consequences in these people.
48

Viktiga faktorer i omvårdnadsarbetet med suicidnära patienter, ur patientens perspektiv / Important factors, in nursing care with suicidal patients, from a patient perspective

Hindrikes, Maria, Larsson, Elisabeth January 2008 (has links)
<p>I Sverige begår ca 1500 personer suicid per år, och 90 % av dessa har visat tecken på psykisk sjukdom. Av de som har gjort suicidförsök kommer ungefär hälften i kontakt med vården. Psykiatrisk omvårdnad syftar till att främja hälsa och lindra lidande och det behövs många olika färdigheter i arbetet med den suicidnära patienten, för att genom den terapeutiska relationen kunna ge en empatisk, säker och professionell omvårdnad. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilka faktorer som var viktiga i omvårdnadsarbetet med suicidnära patienter, ur ett patientperspektiv. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Den bestod av 13 vetenskapliga artiklar, 12 kvalitativa och en både kvalitativ och kvantitativ, publicerade mellan 1999-2008, som granskats, analyserats och bearbetats enligt Polit och Becks arbetsmodell. Resultatet visade på tre huvudkategorier och åtta subkategorier. Huvudkategorin <em>Relation </em>bestod i subkategorierna <em>bemötande, bekräftelse </em>och<em> kommunikation</em>. Huvudkategorin <em>Aktivitet </em>bestod i subkategorierna <em>avledande sysselsättning </em>och <em>sömn/vila</em>. Huvudkategorin <em>Säkerhet</em> bestod i subkategorierna <em>personligt övervak, fysisk miljö </em>och <em>visitation</em>. Dessa kategorier visade vilka faktorer som suicidnära patienter upplevde som värdefulla för att minska deras suicidala tankar/handlingar och hur de önskade bli omhändertagna av omvårdnadspersonal.</p>
49

Viktiga faktorer i omvårdnadsarbetet med suicidnära patienter, ur patientens perspektiv / Important factors, in nursing care with suicidal patients, from a patient perspective

Hindrikes, Maria, Larsson, Elisabeth January 2008 (has links)
I Sverige begår ca 1500 personer suicid per år, och 90 % av dessa har visat tecken på psykisk sjukdom. Av de som har gjort suicidförsök kommer ungefär hälften i kontakt med vården. Psykiatrisk omvårdnad syftar till att främja hälsa och lindra lidande och det behövs många olika färdigheter i arbetet med den suicidnära patienten, för att genom den terapeutiska relationen kunna ge en empatisk, säker och professionell omvårdnad. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilka faktorer som var viktiga i omvårdnadsarbetet med suicidnära patienter, ur ett patientperspektiv. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Den bestod av 13 vetenskapliga artiklar, 12 kvalitativa och en både kvalitativ och kvantitativ, publicerade mellan 1999-2008, som granskats, analyserats och bearbetats enligt Polit och Becks arbetsmodell. Resultatet visade på tre huvudkategorier och åtta subkategorier. Huvudkategorin Relation bestod i subkategorierna bemötande, bekräftelse och kommunikation. Huvudkategorin Aktivitet bestod i subkategorierna avledande sysselsättning och sömn/vila. Huvudkategorin Säkerhet bestod i subkategorierna personligt övervak, fysisk miljö och visitation. Dessa kategorier visade vilka faktorer som suicidnära patienter upplevde som värdefulla för att minska deras suicidala tankar/handlingar och hur de önskade bli omhändertagna av omvårdnadspersonal.
50

Prevenção do suicídio = estratégias de abordagem aplicadas no município de Campinas-SP / Suicide prevention : approach strategies implemented in Campinas-SP

Cais, Carlos Filinto da Silva, 1971- 02 October 2011 (has links)
Orientador: Neury José Botega / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T15:41:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cais_CarlosFilintodaSilva_D.pdf: 5508164 bytes, checksum: c31e9a8839229803d4d10cae8544dd64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Este projeto implementou localizadamente duas estratégias selecionadas de prevenção de suicídio sintonizadas com as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde: capacitação de equipes de saúde e estímulo aos indivíduos que tentaram o suicídio para que conseguissem e se mantivessem em tratamento. Para avaliar a eficácia da capacitação, o projeto mensurou o impacto da mesma em termos de mudança de conhecimento, habilidades clínicas e atitudes das equipes de saúde em relação ao comportamento suicida. Já em relação ao monitoramento avaliaram-se qualitativamente alguns casos monitorados visando à obtenção de informações que pudessem aperfeiçoar os serviços de saúde. A capacitação foi eficaz em promover mudanças desejadas nos profissionais de saúde, tanto do ponto de vista de mudanças de atitudes, quanto de aprimoramento nos conhecimentos/habilidades clínicas em prevenção do suicídio. Estas mudanças se deram do inicio do curso para o final do mesmo e mantiveramsediferentes de antes do curso em uma reavaliação após nove meses. Em relação ao conhecimento/habilidades clínicas, auferido através do respectivo questionário o mesmo subiu de 9,4 em 21 pontos possíveis para 13,7 em 21 (p < 0,001 com nível de significância de 95%) e após nove meses se manteve diferente do início do curso: 11,5 em 21 pontos possíveis (p < 0,001). Foram criados constructos agrupando itens correlacionados do Questionário de Atitudes Frente ao Comportamento Suicida: Sentimentos negativos diante do paciente; Percepção de capacidade profissional e Direito ao Suicídio, os três constructos mostraram mudanças favoráveis do início do curso para o final do mesmo (p= 0,04; p<0,01 e p=0,02 respectivamente) e os dois primeiros mantiveram-se diferentes do início do curso em uma reavaliação após nove meses do final do curso (p= 0,04; p<0,01 e p=0,07 respectivamente). Em relação ao monitoramento, nenhum dos 67 indivíduos monitorados faleceu por suicídio durante o seguimento de seis meses e quatro fizeram nova tentativa de suicídio neste período. Através da avaliação qualitativa de seis casos monitorados, notaram-se benefícios a adesão dos mesmos ao tratamento em saúde mental, e também pontos de possível aprimoramento no fluxo e acolhimento dos pacientes que tentaram o suicídio / Abstract: Two strategies in tune with the recommendations of the World Health Organization for suicide prevention were implemented: training of healthcare teams in suicide prevention and systematically monitoring individuals who attempted suicide by phone calls or home visits in order to help them to seek and keep treatment. A 18 hours-duration suicide prevention training designed to improve health professional?s knowledge and attitudes in suicide prevention was provided to 270 health professionals who were in contact with patients at high risk for suicide in their routine practice. Questionnaires were used to assess changes in professional?s attitudes and knowledge. The score in the questionnaire for the assessment of suicide prevention knowledge, which had 21 as maximum score, increased from 8.9 to 13 (p <0.001, significance level of 95%) and when professional?s knowledge was assessed nine months later it remained significantly higher than at first assessment: 11.5 (p <0.001). The Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire had 25 items assessing professional?s attitudes, 18 of them showed significant changes after the training. The questionnaire was divided in sub-scales: "right to suicide"; "negative feelings towards the patient with suicidal behavior" and perceived professional ability to deal with patients with suicidal behavior". The three constructs showed favorable changes right after the training (p = 0.04, p <0.01 and p = 0.02) and the first two remained different nine months later (p = 0.04, p <0.01 and p = 0.07 respectively). The suicide prevention training adopted has enhanced knowledge and attitudes toward suicide prevention in healthcare workers Regarding the monitoring of patients, none of the 67 monitored individuals died by suicide during the following six months and only four attempted suicide again during the follow-up. Qualitative evaluation of six cases allowed for the identification of aspects of health care delivery to patients who attempted suicide that might need to be improved / Doutorado / Saude Mental / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

Page generated in 0.0542 seconds