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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Exploring the Precursor-Process-Property Space in Metal Halide Perovskite Thin-Films

Rehermann, Carolin 27 July 2021 (has links)
Die Anpassung der Bandlücke und die Herstellung mittels lösungsbasierter Prozesse charakterisieren Metallhalogenid-Perowskite. Sie sind vielversprechend für die Anwendung in optoelektronischen Bauteilen, die die Abscheidung von hochwertigen Dünnschichten erfordern. Deren Qualität hängt stark vom Kristallisationsverhalten ab, welches durch die Komposition der Lösung bestimmt ist. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Korrelationen im Präkursor-Prozess-Eigenschaftsraum von Metallhalogenid-Perowskit zu bewerten und Formierungsprozesse zu rationalisieren. Phasenreinheit, Morphologie und Absorptionseigenschaften zeichnen die Qualität der Perowskit-Dünnschichten aus. Die Optimierung der Herstellung von hochwertigen Filmen über einen breiten Bandlückenbereich wird zuerst beleuchtet. Die Rationalisierung der Formierungsprozesse erweist sich als fundamental, um reproduzierbare Präparationsroutinen für hochwertige Filme zu entwickeln. Anschließend wird ein optischer in-situ Aufbau zur Rationalisierung von Formierungsprozessen vorgestellt. Abhängig vom Halogenidverhältnis in der MAPb(IxBr1-x)3-Reihe werden verschiedene Formierungswege eingeschlagen. Während sich das reine Bromid direkt und Iodid reiche Perowskite über die intermediäre Solvatphase (MA)2(DMSO)2Pb3I8 bilden, bilden sich gemischte Halogenide zwischen 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.6 über beide Wege. Die Formierung über konkurrierende Wege erklärt die kompositorische Heterogenität der gemischten Halogenidproben. Zuletzt werden Formierungsprozesse von Bromid-Perowskiten rationalisiert und Abhängigkeiten der Kinetik von der Lösungskonzentration zeigen sich. Niedrige Konzentrationen führen zu einer beschleunigten Kristallisation und Schichtdickenabnahme des Nassfilms. Dieser Trend wird durch geringere Kolloidwechselwirkungen und niedriger koordinierte Blei-Bromid-Komplexe in verdünnten Lösungen erklärt. Die Korrelation im Präkursor-Prozess-Eigenschaftsraum hebt die Herstellung von Perowskiten aus chemischer Sicht zu einem nicht-trivialen Prozess. / Bandgap tunability by ion substitution and the fabrication due to solution-based processes characterize metal halide perovskites. They are promising for application in various thin-film opto-electronic devices, which require the deposition of high-quality thin-films. The quality strongly depends on the crystallization behavior predetermined by the precursors in solution. This thesis aims to evaluate correlations in the vast precursor-process-property space of metal halide perovskite and rationalizes formation processes. Phase purity, morphology, and absorption properties determine the perovskite thin-film quality. The first part focuses on optimizing the perovskite fabrication to obtain high-quality films over a wide bandgap range. From high-quality films, the exciton binding energy is determined. The rationalization of formation processes proves essential to design reproducible preparation routines for high-quality films. The second part presents an optical in-situ setup to rationalize perovskite formation processes. Different formation pathways are taken, depending on the halide ratio in the MAPb(IxBr1-x)3 series. While the pure bromide forms directly and iodide-rich perovskites form via the intermediate solvate phase (MA)2(DMSO)2Pb3I8, mixed halides between 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.6 form via both. Such a heterogeneous formation process via two competing pathways rationalizes the compositional heterogeneity of mixed halide samples. The third part focuses on rationalizing the formation process of pure bromide perovskites and reveals a dependency of the formation kinetics on the solution concentration. Lower concentrations lead to accelerated crystallization kinetics and increase wet-film thinning. Lower colloid interaction and lower coordinated lead-bromide complexes in diluted solutions explain this trend. The strong correlation in the precursor-process-property space raises the preparation of perovskites via spin-coating to a non-trivial process from a chemical point of view.
92

S?ntese de catalisadores nanoporosos na aus?ncia total e parcial de direcionadores org?nicos para pir?lise catal?tica de ?leos pesados e intermedi?rios

Costa, Maria Jos? Fonseca 03 June 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaJFC_TESE.pdf: 4007652 bytes, checksum: 7bb363c54641679d79bbff5c76de539f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The processing of heavy oil produced in Brazil is an emergency action and a strategic plan to obtain self-sufficiency and economic surpluses. Seen in these terms, it is indispensable to invest in research to obtain new catalysts for obtaining light fraction of hydrocarbons from heavy fractions of petroleum. This dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy reports the materials preparation that combine the high catalytic activity of zeolites with the greater accessibility of the mesoporosity, more particularly the HZSM-5/MCM-41 hybrid, done by synthesis processes with less environmental impact than conventional ones. Innovative methodologies were developed for the synthesis of micro-mesoporous hybrid material by dual templating mechanism and from crystalline zeolitic aluminosilicate in the absence of organic template. The synthesis of hybrid with pore bimodal distribution took place from one-single organic directing agent aimed to eliminate the use of organic templates, acids of any kind or organic solvents like templating agent of crystalline zeolitic aluminosilicate together with temperature-programmed microwave-assisted, making the experimental procedures of preparation most practical and easy, with good reproducibility and low cost. The study about crystalline zeolitic aluminosilicate in the absence of organic template, especially MFI type, is based on use of H2O and Na+ cation playing a structural directing role in place of an organic template. Advanced characterization techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Highresolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Adsorption of N2 and CO2, kinetic studies by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Pyrolysis coupled to Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Pyrolysis-GC/MS) were employed in order to evaluate the synthesized materials. Achieve the proposed objectives, has made available a set of new methodologies for the synthesis of zeolite and hybrid micro-mesoporous material, these suitable for catalytic pyrolysis of heavy oils aimed at producing light fraction / O processamento do petr?leo pesado produzido no Pa?s ? uma a??o emergencial e estrat?gica para obter a auto-sufici?ncia e super?vits econ?micos. Neste sentido, ? indispens?vel o investimento em pesquisas de novos catalisadores para obten??o de derivados leves a partir de fra??es pesadas do petr?leo. O trabalho de doutorado aqui reportado dedicouse ? prepara??o de materiais que combinem, numa ?nica estrutura, a elevada atividade catal?tica de ze?litas, com melhor acessibilidade de materiais mesoporosos, como a estrutura h?brida HZSM-5/MCM-41, utilizando processos de s?ntese com menor impacto ambiental que os convencionais. Metodologias inovadoras foram desenvolvidas para a s?ntese do catalisador h?brido micro-mesoporoso ou ze?lito-mesoporoso por mecanismo de direcionamento estrutural via duplo agente diretor org?nico e tamb?m a partir de estrutura zeol?tica sintetizada na aus?ncia total de direcionador org?nico. Esse ?ltimo, tamb?m chamado de s?ntese do h?brido com distribui??o bimodal de poros a partir de um ?nico agente diretor org?nico, visou eliminar o uso dos direcionadores org?nicos, ?cidos de qualquer natureza ou solventes org?nicos como molde estrutural da estrutura zeol?tica em conjunto com o m?todo hidrot?rmico assistido por irradia??o via micro-ondas, tornando o procedimento experimental de prepara??o pr?tico e simples, com boa reprodutibilidade e menor custo. A metodologia de prepara??o da ze?lita MFI do tipo ZSM-5 utiliza H2O e c?tions Na+ no papel de direcionamento estrutural e compensa??o de cargas na estrutura. T?cnicas relevantes de caracteriza??o, como Difra??o de Raios-X (XRD), Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (SEM), Microscopia Eletr?nica de Transmiss?o de Alta Resolu??o (HRTEM), Adsor??o de N2 e CO2, estudos cin?ticos via An?lises Termogravim?tricas (TGA) e Pir?lise acoplada ? Cromatografia Gasosa/Espectrometria de Massas (Pyrolysis-GC/MS), foram empregadas no intuito de avaliar os materiais sintetizados. Alcan?ados os objetivos propostos, disponibilizou-se um conjunto de novas metodologias para s?ntese de catalisadores zeol?ticos e h?bridos micromesoporosos, estes adequados para pir?lise catal?tica de ?leos pesados visando ? produ??o de derivados leves
93

Exit from Work

Bartel, Susanne 31 January 2018 (has links)
Die vorliegende Studie leistet einen Beitrag in dem noch offenen Forschungsfeld zu gesundheitsbedingten Ausstiegs- und Neuorientierungsprozessen und der damit verbundenen Bewältigung einer ‚doppelten Brüchigkeit der Biographie’, d. h. über die Bewältigung der chronischen Erkrankung und der vulnerablen beruflichen Situation. Ziel ist es, die individuellen Aushandlungsprozesse beruflicher Neuorientierung zu verstehen und in ein Verhältnis mit der Krankheitsbewältigung zu setzten. Es ist eine weitere Zieldimension dieser Studie, den Blick auf die Rückkehr in das Erwerbsleben zu richten und dabei in Ansätzen herauszuarbeiten, welche Faktoren ein Arbeiten unter bedingter Gesundheit ermöglichen oder hemmen können. Im Zentrum der Studie stehen drei Frauen und drei Männer im Alter von 25 bis 57 Jahren, die zu zwei verschiedenen Zeitpunkten im Erhebungszeitraum von 2013 bis 2014 leitfadengestützt (episodisch-narrativ) interviewt wurden: während ihrer medizinischen Rehabilitation (t1) und erneut ca. ein Jahr später (t2). Übergreifendes Merkmal aller Fälle sind die sich anbahnenden bzw. bereits vollzogenen gesundheitsbedingten berufsbiographischen Einschnitte durch eine chronische muskuloskelettale Erkrankung und z. T. begleitet durch psychosomatische Beschwerden. Den rahmenden Forschungsstil bildete die Grounded Theory (Glaser und Strauss 1967/2010). Im Ergebnis dieser Studie werden die komplexen Risikokonstellationen sowie der Verlauf eines gesundheitsbedingten Ausstiegs aus dem Erwerbsleben beschrieben und dabei auf die vielfältigen Bewältigungsherausforderungen dieses biografischen Bruchs eingegangen. Das entwickelte Modell der ‚Aushandlungsarena der Krankheitsbewältigung und beruflichen Neuorientierung’ verdichtet den Aushandlungsprozess beruflicher Neuorientierung unter ständiger Berücksichtigung der bedingten Gesundheit. Gleichzeitig geben die Ergebnisse dieser Studie Impulse für die weiterführende Fundierung der theoretischen und anwendungsbezogenen Return to Work-Ansätze. / The present study intends to contribute to the research field on health-related exit and reorientation processes and the associated coping with such a double-folded biographical challenge, means on coping with a vulnerable health and uncertain job-condition. The basic purpose of this study is to understand the biographical coping processes in the context of professional reorientation and to describe exit from work processes, as well as their conditions. The aim is to comprehend the individual negotiation in the course of professional reorientation and to relate it with the illness coping. It is another dimension of this study to look at return to work phases and their supporting or obstructing factors. The study focuses on three women and three men between the ages of 25 and 57 who were interviewed (episodically-narrative) at two different points in the survey period from 2013 to 2014: during their medical rehabilitation (t1) and again about a year later (t2). The overall characteristic of all cases is the initiated or already completed health-related occupational biographical disruption caused by a chronic musculoskeletal disease partly accompanied by psychosomatic issues. This study follows the methodological approach and research style of the Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss 2010). As a result of this study, the complex risk constellations as well as the trajectory of a health-related exit from work are described, focusing on the diverse coping challenges of this biographical disruption. The developed model of a “Negotiation Arena of coping with the illness and professional reorientation" summarizes the negotiation process of professional reorientation taking into account the limited health. At the same time, the results of this study provide impulses for the further foundation of theoretical and application-oriented return to work approaches.
94

Electrical and Morphological Characterisation of Organic Field-Effect Transistors

Toader, Iulia Genoveva 30 November 2012 (has links) (PDF)
In dieser Arbeit wurden unterschiedliche Moleküle aus der Klasse der Phthalocyanine (Pc) und Pentacen-Materialien als aktive Schichten in organischen Feldeffekttransistoren (OFETs) mittels organischer Molekularstrahldeposition (OMBD) unter Hochvakuumbedingungen aufgedampft. Die elektrische Charakterisierung von Top-Kontakt (TC) und Bottom-Kontakt (BC) OFET-Konfigurationen, die Auskunft über die Ladungsträgermobilität, die Schwellspannung und das Ein/Aus-Verhältnis gibt, wurde sowohl unter Hochvakuum- als auch unter Umgebungsbedingungen an Luft durchgeführt. Für beide OFET-Konfigurationen wurde Gold für die Source- und Drain-Elektroden genutzt. Aussagen über die Morphologie der untersuchten organischen Schichten, die auf Siliziumsubstraten mit einem 100 nm dicken Siliziumdioxyd (SiO2) Gate-Dielektrikum abgeschieden wurden, wurden mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (SEM) und Rasterkraftmikroskopie (AFM) erhalten. Im Vergleich mit den TC OFETs wurde im Bereich des aktiven Kanals in den BC OFETs die Bildung einer höheren Anzahl von Körnern und Korngrenzen gefunden, welche zur Degradation dieser Bauelemente speziell bei Atmosphärenexposition beiträgt. Es wurden die nachfolgenden fünf Moleküle aus der Klasse der Pc untersucht: Kupferphthalocyanin (CuPc), Fluoriertes Kupferphthalocyanin (F16CuPc), Kobaltphthalocyanin (CoPc), Titanylphthalocyanin (TiOPc), und Lutetium-bis-Phthalocyanin (LuPc2). Diese Moleküle wurden mit dem Ziel ausgewählt, die Performance der OFETs unter vergleichbaren Präparationsbedingungen zu testen, wenn das zentrale Metallatom, die Halbleitereigenschaften oder die molekulare Geometrie geändert werden. Durch die Fluorierung (F16CuPc) wurde eine Änderung im Leitungsverhalten von CuPc von p-Typ zum n-Typ erreicht und in der elektrischen Charakteristik der OFETs nachgewiesen. Diese Resultate wurden ebenfalls mittels Kelvin-Sonden-Kraftmikroskopie (KPFM) erhalten. Der Einfluss der Molekülgeometrie auf die Performance der Bauelemente wurde durch die Änderung der Gestalt der Moleküle von planar (CuPc, F16CuPc, CoPc) zu nicht planaren Einfach- (TiOPc) und nicht planaren Doppeldeckermolekülen (LuPc2) untersucht. Eine höhere OFET-Performance wurde erreicht, wenn planare Pc-Materialien für die Bildung der aktiven Schicht verwendet wurden. Das kann teilweise auf die Morphologie der Pc-Schichten zurückgeführt werden. AFM-Aufnahmen zeigen, dass im Vergleich mit nicht planaren Molekülen größere Körner und deshalb eine geringere Anzahl von Korngrenzen gebildet werden, wenn planare Pc-Moleküle verwendet werden. Für den Fall von TC CuPc OFETs wurde gezeigt, dass die Performance der Bauelemente verbessert werden kann, wenn das Gate-Dielektrikum mit einer selbstorganisierten Monoschicht von n-Octadecyltrichlorosilan modifiziert wird oder wenn das Substrat während der Aufdampfung der CuPc-Schicht auf einer höheren Temperatur gehalten wird. Für die Klasse der Pentacen-Materialien wurde ein Vergleich zwischen der Performance von BC OFETs, die die kürzlich synthetisierten fluorierten n-Typ Pentacenquinon-Moleküle nutzen, und denen, die die p-Typ Pentacen-Moleküle nutzen, präsentiert. Das große Erfordernis hochreine Materialien zu verwenden, um eine Degradation der OFETs zu vermeiden, wurde durch Durchführung von Mehrfachmessungen an den OFET-Bauelementen bestätigt. Aus diesen Experimenten lassen sich Informationen bzgl. der Störstellen an der Grenzfläche organische Schicht/SiO2 ableiten. Weiterhin wurde für einige der untersuchten Moleküle die Performance von BC OFETs unter dem Einfluss von unterschiedlichen Gasen gezeigt.
95

Protonation patterns in reduced and oxidized form of electron transfer proteins / Protonierungsmuster von Elektron-Transfer-Proteinen in reduzierter und oxidierter Form

Dobrev, Plamen 08 May 2012 (has links)
No description available.
96

The four Mephisto waltzes of Franz Liszt

Barrington, Barrie M. 05 1900 (has links)
The four Mephisto Waltzes of Franz Liszt constitute the focus of the present paper. Aside from the fascination they hold as individual works, they form an intriguing group related by title and heritage yet made distinct by important structural differences. Also, the separation of more than 20 years between the completion of the first and the last means that as a group they illustrate well the changes of style and concerns in Liszt’s composing. In this paper, the four works are discussed in a manner that reflects a shift in their dramatic source. The first two waltzes are closely tied to the poem Faust by Nikolaus Lenau and derive most of their drama from that extra musical link. The latter two pieces, however, exhibit fewer connections to the poem but contain compelling tonal and structural features. The first two chapters discuss the First and Second Mephisto Waltzes respectively with an emphasis on those aspects that are most closely associated with Lenau's Faust. In addition, certain passages that are not necessarily tied to the poem but are interesting in themselves are discussed. An example of this is the coda of the Second Mephisto Waltz and its effect on the piece's overall tonality. The third chapter discusses those few elements of the Third and Fourth Mephisto Waltzes that can be seen as stemming from Lenau's poem, while the final two chapters are made up of tonal and structural analyses of these latter two waltzes. The Third Mephisto Waltz, in particular, is treated to a more intense analysis since it is the most problematic of the group. In this piece, the overall tonic is unclear as two different, yet related, keys struggle to dominate, with neither coming to a clear and decisive victory. F-sharp major and D-sharp minor are supported in turn throughout the work and can be seen to coexist at times when the piece is viewed in its background. The Fourth Mephisto Waltz, although tonally more clear, contains a dramatic game of frustrated expectations and then unexpected fulfillment as the tonic, F-sharp, is strongly implied twice and only later is attained with little preparation. In order to come to terms with some of the problems posed by these works, I have used a modified form of Schenkerian analysis. Departures from, or additions to standard techniques are mentioned within the appropriate chapters. Since the four Mephisto Waltzes (especially the latter two) have not been exhaustively analysed, it is hoped that this study makes some contribution to the field of Liszt research.
97

Luminescence and photoelectrochemical properties of size-selected aqueous copper-doped Ag–In–S quantum dots

Raevskaya, Alexandra, Rozovik, Oksana, Novikova, Anastasiya, Selyshchev, Oleksandr, Stroyuk, Oleksandr, Dzhagan, Volodymyr, Goryacheva, Irina, Gaponik, Nikolai, Zahn, Dietrich R. T., Eychmüller, Alexander 11 June 2018 (has links) (PDF)
Ternary luminescent copper and silver indium sulfide quantum dots (QDs) can be an attractive alternative to cadmium and lead chalcogenide QDs. The optical properties of Cu–In–S and Ag–In–S (AIS) QDs vary over a broad range depending on the QD composition and size. The implementation of ternary QDs as emitters in bio-sensing applications can be boosted by the development of mild and reproducible syntheses directly in aqueous solutions as well as the methods of shifting the photoluminescence (PL) bands of such QDs as far as possible into the near IR spectral range. In the present work, the copper-doping of aqueous non-stoichiometric AIS QDs was found to result in a red shift of the PL band maximum from around 630 nm to ∼780 nm and PL quenching. The deposition of a ZnS shell results in PL intensity recovery with the highest quantum yield of 15%, with almost not change in the PL band position, opposite to the undoped AIS QDs. Size-selective precipitation using 2-propanol as a non-solvent allows discrimination of up to 9 fractions of Cu-doped AIS/ZnS QDs with the average sizes in the fractions varying from around 3 to 2 nm and smaller and with reasonably the same composition irrespective of the QD size. The decrease of the average QD size results in a blue PL shift yielding a series of bright luminophors with the emission color varies from deep-red to bluish-green and the PL efficiency increases from 11% for the first fraction to up to 58% for the smallest Cu-doped AIS/ZnS QDs. The rate constant of the radiative recombination of the size-selected Cu-doped AIS/ZnS QDs revealed a steady growth with the QD size decrease as a result of the size-dependent enhancement of the spatial exciton confinement. The copper doping was found to result in an enhancement of the photoelectrochemical activity of CAIS/ZnS QDs introduced as spectral sensitizers of mesoporous titania photoanodes of liquid-junction solar cells.
98

Entwicklung und Modellierung einer vollaktuierten Drohne / Developement and modelling of a fully actuated flight robot

Schuster, Micha 02 July 2018 (has links) (PDF)
Diese Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der geometrischen Auslegung und Regelung einer vollaktuierten Drohne, die als fliegende Arbeitsplattform für einen Manipulator dienen soll. Dabei werden ausgehend von der geometrischen Beschreibung einer allgemeinen, symmetrischen Drohne mit sechs Rotoren Methoden entwickelt, die den anforderungsbezogenen Entwurf der Geometrie einer vollaktuierten Drohne ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus werden prinzipielle Einflussmechanismen einzelner Geometrieparameter auf die durch die Drohne erzeugbaren Kräfte und Momente aufgezeigt. Zur Charakterisierung des Raums aller erzeugbaren Lasten wird dieser auf sogenannte Stützvektoren reduziert. Als Stützvektoren dienen dabei die für den Schwebeflug nötige Schubkraft, die garantierte Mindestkraft in horizontaler Richtung und das garantierte Mindestmoment um eine beliebige Achse, zu deren Berechnung zusätzlich analytische Formeln hergeleitet werden. Aufbauend auf die Beschreibung durch Stützvektoren wird die Formuliernung von Metriken vorgestellt, die die Bewertung einer Drohnengeometrie durch eine einzige skalare Maßzahl ermöglichen, wodurch die je nach Anwendung optimale Drohnengeometrie ermittelt werden kann. Zur Regelung des Systems aus Drohne und Manipulator wurde ein Regelungskonzept entwickelt, welches durch eine Entkopplung der Bewegungsgleichungen eine virtuelle Verschiebung des Schwerpunkts in das Drohnenzentrum realisiert und so eine präzise Regelung unabhängig von der tatsächlichen Schwerpunktlage ermöglicht. / This thesis’ subject is the geometrical design and control of a fully actuated drone, intended to be used as a flying operating-platform for a manipulator. Starting with the general geometrical description of a symmetric drone with six rotors, methods for the application specific design of a fully actuated drone are developed. Furthermore general influencing principles of geometric parameters on the forces and torques that can be generated by the drone, are pointed out. To characterize the drone's wrench-space, it is reduced to so called support vectors, which are given by the hovering thrust, the minimum guaranteed force in a horizontal direction and the minimum guaranteed torque in any direction. Additionally, analytic formulas are derived for the mentioned support vectors. Based on the description by the support vectors, a formulation of metrics is introduced, to enable the assessment of a specific drone geometry by a single scalar measure, to determine the ideal drone geometry for a specific application. Targeting the issue of controlling the flight system, consisting of the drone and the manipulator, a concept is developed that realizes a virtual dissplacement of the center of mass by decoupling the equations of motion and therby facilitates a precise control, independent of the actual location of the system's center of mass.
99

O renascimento do parto e da (reinven??o da) emancipa??o social na blogosfera brasileira: contra o desperd?cio das experi?ncias

Luz, Lia Hecker 29 May 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LiaHL_TESE.pdf: 1636368 bytes, checksum: 7b3aa7dddd721306b5b5e69a1cde3942 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The birth models of care are discussed, in the light of classical and contemporary social science theoretical background, emphasizing the humanistic model. The double spiral of the sociology of absences and the sociology of emergences is detailed, being based, on one hand, on the translation of experiences of knowledge, and, on the other, on the translation of experiences of information and communication, by revealing the movement articulated by Brazilian women on blogs that defend and bring into light initiatives aiming to recover natural and humanized birth. A cartography of the thematic ideas in birth literature is produced, resulting in the elaboration of a synthetic map on obstetric models of care in contemporaneity, pointing out the consequences of the obstetric model that has become hegemonic in contemporary societies, and comparing that model to others that work more efficaciously to mothers and babies. A symbolic cartography of the activism for humanizing birth on the Brazilian blogosphere is configured by the elaboration of an analytical map synthetizing the main mottos defended by the movement: Normal humanized birth; Against obstetrical violence; and Planned home birth. The superposition of the obstetric models of care s map and the rebirth of birth s analytical map indicates it is necessary to reinforce three main measures in order to make a paradigmatic turn in contemporary birth models of care possible: pave the way for the humanistic care of assistance in normal birth, by defending and highlighting practices and professionals that act in compliance with evidence based medicine, respecting the physiology of birth; denaturalize obstetric violence, by showing how routine procedures and interventions can be means of aggression, jeopardizing the autonomy, the protagonism and the respect towards women; and motivate initiatives of planned home birth, the best place for the occurrence of holistic experiences of birth. It is concluded that Internet tools have allowed a pioneer mobilization in respecting women s reproductive rights in Brazil and that the potential of the crowd s biopower that resides on the blogosphere can turn blogs into a hegemonic alternative way to reach more democratic forms of social organization. In that condition of being virtually hegemonic in contesting the established power, these blogs can be understood, therefore, as potentially great contra-hegemonic channels for the rebirth of birth and for the reinvention of social emancipation, as their author s articulate and organize themselves to strive against the waste of experience, trying to create reciprocal intelligibility amongst different experiences of world / Discute-se, ? luz de referenciais te?ricos cl?ssicos e contempor?neos das ci?ncias sociais, os modelos de assist?ncia ao parto, pondo em relevo o parto humanizado. Particularizam-se os referentes da dupla espiral da sociologia das aus?ncias e da sociologia das emerg?ncias, assente, de um lado, na tradu??o de experi?ncias de conhecimentos, e de outro, na tradu??o de experi?ncias de comunica??o e informa??o, ao mostrar o movimento que se articula entre mulheres brasileiras em blogs que defendem e d?o visibilidade a iniciativas de recupera??o do parto natural e humanizado. Realiza-se uma cartografia das ideias tem?ticas presentes na literatura sobre o parto, resultando na elabora??o de mapa s?ntese dos modelos de assist?ncia obst?trica na contemporaneidade, apontando-se as consequ?ncias do modelo que se tornou hegem?nico nas sociedades contempor?neas e contrapondo-o a outras abordagens de aten??o ao nascimento que funcionam mais eficazmente para m?es e beb?s. Configura-se uma cartografia simb?lica do ativismo pela humaniza??o do parto na blogosfera brasileira, mediante elabora??o de mapa anal?tico com s?ntese das principais bandeiras defendidas pelo movimento: Parto normal humanizado; Contra a viol?ncia obst?trica; e Parto Domiciliar Planejado (PDP). A sobreposi??o do mapa com os modelos de assist?ncia obst?trica e do mapa anal?tico do renascimento do parto aponta ser necess?rio refor?ar tr?s medidas principais para possibilitar uma virada paradigm?tica na assist?ncia ao parto na contemporaneidade: pavimentar o caminho para a assist?ncia humanizada ao parto normal, ao defender e dar visibilidade a pr?ticas e a profissionais que atuam de acordo com a medicina baseada em evid?ncias, respeitando a fisiologia do parto; desnaturalizar a viol?ncia obst?trica, ao mostrar como procedimentos e interven??es de rotina s?o formas de agress?es que colocam em xeque a autonomia, o protagonismo e o respeito ? mulher; e incentivar iniciativas de parto domiciliar planejado, local mais vi?vel para ocorr?ncia das experi?ncias hol?sticas de nascimento. Conclui-se que as ferramentas da Internet t?m permitido uma mobiliza??o in?dita em prol do respeito aos direitos reprodutivos das mulheres no Brasil e que o potencial de biopot?ncia da multid?o que reside na blogosfera pode tornar tais canais em hegem?nicos enquanto vias alternativas para alcan?ar formas mais democr?ticas de organiza??o social. Nessa condi??o de virtualmente hegem?nicos na contesta??o do poder estabelecido, os blogs configuram-se, assim, em canais com grande potencial contra-hegem?nico para o renascimento do parto e a reinven??o da emancipa??o social, na medida em que suas autoras se articulam e se organizam para combater o desperd?cio das experi?ncias, buscando criar inteligibilidade rec?proca entre diferentes experi?ncias de mundo
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Mitteilungen des URZ 1/2004

Richter,, Riedel,, Grunewald,, Schier, 04 March 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Informationen des Universitätsrechenzentrums

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