Denna studie undersöker relationen mellan hår, kön, kropp och rum. Specifikt undersöks hur relationen mellan maskulinitet och hår i form av skägg framträder på tre raksalonger i Stockholm våren 2019. Detta analyseras främst med Sara Ahmeds (2006) begrepp orienteringar och linjer, som beskriver hur vi kroppsligt erfar omvärlden. Judith Butlers (2007) performativa genus är också tolkningsgrundande. Intervjuer med en barberare och kund från var observerad raksalong, har synliggjort informanters strävan efter svåruppnåeliga maskulina ideal, som ett fylligt skägg. Studien berör även nutida historiebruk. Två av tre raksalongers miljö har bidragit till maskulina gestaltningar, orienterade mot nostalgisk känsla av brittisk herrklubb från förra sekelskiftet. Raksalongernas genuina kvalitetsupplevelse, har kontrasterats mot damsalongers sämre service och expertis. Två barberare och kunder eftersträvar dock känslomässig öppenhet, vilket kan sägas ta spjärn från stereotypa maskuliniteter. Detta har möjliggjort omorienteringar mot maskuliniteter med traditionellt sett mer mjuka, feminina värden. / This research examines the relation between hair, body and place. Specifically, it investigates how the relation between masculinity and hair such as beard takes shape in three different barbershops in Stockholm spring 2019. This is foremost being analysed with Sara Ahmed's (2006) use of orientations and lines, which describe how we bodily experience our surroundings. Judith Butler's (2007) gender performativity is also at the foundation of the analysis. Interviews with one barber and customer from each observed barbershop, has shed light on informants' strivings to reach elusive masculine ideals, such as a full beard. Two of the three barbershop milieus have contributed to masculine formations, orientated towards nostalgic sense of brittish men's club from the turn of last century. The barbershops' genuine luxury treatments have by some informants been contrastated against lady hair salons' poorer service and expertise. However, two barbers and customers seek emotional openness, which can be said to deviate from stereotypical masculinities. This has enabled reorientations towards masculinities with traditionally more soft, feminine values.

The theoretical background to this study is Goffman's dramaturgical perspective and his concept of identity. The purpose of the study is to investigate the significance of the beard for how men present themselves in everyday life. To answer the purpose of this study, qualitative semi-structured interview was chosen as the method. Three important themes emerged through thematization. The expressive beard, the symbolic beard and the significant beard. A combination of these themes creates an overview, which together through the dramaturgical approach enables an overall picture of the beard bearer's identity. The results from this study confirm that the respondents use their beards both consciously and unconsciously to influence the environment based on the situation they are in. Furthermore, the study explores the symbolic meaning that the beard expresses and the deeper meaning that the beard has for the beard bearer. / Den teoretiska bakgrunden till denna studie är Goffmans dramaturgiska perspektiv och hans identitetsbegrepp. Syftet med studien är att undersöka skäggets betydelse för hur män framställer sig själva i vardagslivet. För att svara på syftet i denna studie valdes kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervju som metod. Genom tematisering framkom tre viktiga teman. Det uttrycksfulla skägget, det symboliska skägget och det betydelsefulla skägget. En sammansättning av dessa teman skapar en översikt, vilka gemensamt genom den dramaturgiska ansatsen möjliggör en helhetsbild av skäggbärarens identitet. Resultaten från denna studie bekräftar att respondenterna använder sitt skägg både medvetet och omedvetet för att påverka omgivningen utifrån vilken situation de befinner sig i. Vidare kartlägger studien den symboliska innebörd som skägget uttrycker samt den djupare mening som skägget har för skäggbäraren.

submitted by Suen Bing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-90). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter One: --- Republicanism and Progressive Historical Interpretations / What is Republicanism? --- p.7 / Republicanism as a Guiding Philosophy in Progressive Historical Scholarship --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- Frederick Jackson Turner's Frontier Democracy: A Republican Way of Thinking / How Turner's thesis related frontier conditions with democracy? --- p.20 / In what way is Turner's thesis affected by republicanism? --- p.24 / A trace of republican idealism in Turner's later articles --- p.26 / The safety valve hypothesis: A supplement to Turner's free land ´ؤ democracy relationship --- p.31 / Free land - democracy vs. Education - democracy --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- Industrial Democracy and American Civilization: The Two Sides of Charles A. Beard's Republican Thinking / The Industrial Society (1901) --- p.42 / An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States (1913) --- p.46 / "Contemporary American History, 1877-1913 (1914)" --- p.51 / The Rise of American Civilization (1927) --- p.54 / The American Spirit (1942) --- p.58 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- William Appleman Williams' Inheritance of Progressive Historians' Republican Tradition / American Russian Relations: 1871 ´ؤ1947 and The Tragedy of American Diplomacy --- p.64 / The Contours of American History --- p.72 / Great Evasion and Empire as a Way of Life --- p.77 / Conclusion --- p.83 / Bibliography --- p.87

This thesis presents the design of an autopilot capable of flying small unmanned aerial vehicles with wingspans less then 21 inches. The autopilot is extremely small and lightweight allowing it to fit in aircraft of this size. The autopilot features an advanced, highly autonomous flight control system with auto-launch and auto-landing algorithms. These features allow the autopilot to be operated by a wide spectrum of skilled and unskilled users. Innovative control techniques implemented in software, coupled with light weight, robust, and inexpensive hardware components were used in the design of the autopilot.

As a passing glance at the popular texts of any given period reveals, the subject of vengeance is nearly inescapable; on billboards, websites, and year end lists, revenge represents a curious constant even amid disparate media. This study explores the cultural commonalities that align revenge texts of the English Renaissance and exploitation films of late 20th century America. As in-depth inquiry reveals, numerous ideas and narrative tropes popularized during the Early Modern period are pushed to their logical extremes in these films. The central factor that aligns London during the Renaissance and New York at the cusp of the 1990s relates to traumatic, far-reaching changes in the urban landscape and its uses. There is an observable preoccupation, on the part of playwrights and filmmakers, with the subject of vengeance as tied to notions of locality, space, and rightful ownership.

Comprise pendant longtemps comme une entité sui generis dont les origines ne pouvaient être expliquées que par rapport à elle-même («omnis cultura excultura»), la notion de culture n’est plus le maître-mot du «culturalisme». Le naturalisme n’a pourtant pas non plus fini de faire d’elle une catégorie complètement naturalisée. Dans cette thèse, je propose une approche analytique et synthétique du concept éthologique de culture. Je pars de ses racines historiques, notamment autour de la notion de cultures ou traditions animales, en examinant le paysage épistémologique des mots-clés des auteurs publiant dans ce domaine, ainsi qu’en évaluant les engagements théoriques et philosophiques associés à certaines définitions de la culture. L’adaptationnisme méthodologique est également mis en œuvre pour révéler dans ce travail l’ampleur des conflits stratégiques, au sens de la théorie des jeux, présents dans certaines formes de transmission culturelle. L’ensemble nous mène à faire le bilan de ce que l’on a appelé la révolution éthologique dans la notion de culture, en soulignant les dimensions écologiques qui sont maintenant mises en avant, mais aussi les limites d’un concept qui précède de plusieurs siècles la compréhension scientifique des phénomènes concernés. / Long time understood as a sui generis entity whose origins could only be explained in relation to itself ("omnis cultura ex cultura"), the notion of culture is no longer the watchword that "culturalism" made of it. Naturalism, however, has not ended up turning culture into a completely naturalized category either. In this dissertation, regarding the ethological concept of culture, I am advancing an approach that is both analytic and synthetic. The historical roots of the notion of animal cultures (or animal traditions) are my starting point. Then follows a scrutiny of the epistemological landscape of author keywords in the field of animal cultures. An assessment of certain theoretical commitments and different philosophical positions associated to several definitions of culture is also offered. In addition, methodological adaptationism is put to work to reveal the scope of certain strategic conflicts that arise in a game-theoretic fashion in certain forms of cultural transmission. The whole enterprise allows us to take stock of what has come to be called the ethological revolution regarding the notion of culture. This is accomplished by underlining the ecological dimensions but also the limitations of a concept that, after all, predates by several centuries the scientific understanding of the phenomena it is purported to cover.