Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-11T11:34:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T11:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a pest of tomato production in Brazil is basically controlled with chemicals insecticides. This work was carried out with the overall objective of producing information on alternative forms to control N. elegantalis, involving genetic resistance of tomato (Chapter I) and botanical extracts from weeds (Chapter II), as well as evaluating the selectivity of these botanical extracts on adults of a predator, Coleomegilla maculata (Chapter III). In Chapter I, the objective was to evaluate eight tomato varieties (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 and UC82) in the field under organic management, and in laboratory conditions, to identify non- preference (antixenosis) oviposition of N. elegantalis. The assay at the field was conducted at Serop?dica, RJ, Brazil, in randomized complete block design, with eight varieties, three replications and two sampling times. The laboratory assay was conducted in a cage, in a randomized complete blocks design, with eight varieties as treatments and eight replicates (days). It was noted that N. elegantalis, at the Field, had lower preference for oviposition in the fruit variety HEI36, unlike the variety LAI148, which in laboratory conditions showed a tendency to present fewer eggs and hatched larvae. In Chapter II, the objective was to evaluate the effect of deterrence of alcoholic extracts of species of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis and Euphorbia heterophylla on oviposition of N. elegantalis, at different concentrations. The assay was conducted in a laboratory with an randomized complete blocks design, whose treatments were extracts of four species at concentrations 5%, 10% and 15% (4X3 factorial) with two additional treatments: control 0% (alcohol diluted in distilled water to 15%) and absolute control (distilled water), with 8 replicates (days). Green fruits of tomato cultivar Marmande (susceptible) were sprayed with the extracts and placed in a cage containing 150 pairs of N. elegantalis. Four cages were used for concentration of all extracts. The alcoholic extract of Euphorbia heterophylla at different concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%), presented effect of deterrence on oviposition of N. elegantalis differing from the other extracts. In chapter III aimed to evaluate the selectivity of alcoholic extracts of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophylla, in three different concentrations applied to 10 adult individuals of C. maculate, by replication. The effects of extracts on insect biological parameters were evaluated along 30 days after spraying. The trial was conducted in laboratory with a complete randomized design. Treatments was alcoholic extracts of four plant species diluted in distilled water at three concentrations (5, 10 and 15%) (4x3 factorial) with two controls, 15% alcohol and distilled water. In general, the extracts showed selectivity for the adult C. maculata treated topically, although Euphorbia heterophylla has affected the number of hatched larvae and reduced egg viability when compared with other treatments. / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), uma das principais pragas da tomaticultura no Brasil, ? controlada basicamente com inseticidas qu?micos. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo geral de produzir informa??es sobre medidas alternativas de controle de N. elegantalis envolvendo a resist?ncia gen?tica do tomateiro (Cap?tulo I) e os extratos bot?nicos provenientes de plantas espont?neas (Cap?tulo II), bem como avaliar a seletividade desses extratos bot?nicos aos adultos de um predador, Coleomegilla maculata (Cap?tulo III). No cap?tulo I, o objetivo foi o de avaliar oito variedades de tomateiro (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 e UC82), em campo, sob manejo org?nico, e em condi??es de laborat?rio, para identificar a n?o-prefer?ncia (antixenose) para oviposi??o de N. elegantalis. O ensaio de campo foi conduzido na Fazendinha Agroecol?gica km 47 (Serop?dica, RJ), em delineamento em bloco ao acaso, com oito variedades, tr?s repeti??es e duas ?pocas de avalia??o. O ensaio de laborat?rio foi conduzido em gaiola, com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, tendo como tratamentos as oito variedades e oito repeti??es (dias). Observou-se em campo que N. elegantalis teve menor prefer?ncia para oviposi??o em frutos da variedade HEI36 e, em condi??es de laborat?rio, houve uma tend?ncia da variedade LAI148 em apresentar menor n?mero de ovos e de larvas eclodidas. No cap?tulo II, o objetivo foi o de avaliar o efeito de deterr?ncia dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla na oviposi??o de N. elegantalis, quando aplicados em diferentes concentra??es. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, tendo como tratamentos os extratos das quatro esp?cies nas concentra??es 5%, 10% e 15% (fatorial 4X3), com dois tratamentos adicionais: testemunha 0% (?lcool dilu?do em ?gua destilada a 15%) e testemunha absoluta (?gua destilada), com 8 repeti??es (dias). Frutos verdes de tomate cv. Marmande (suscept?vel) foram pulverizados com os extratos e acondicionados em gaiola contendo 150 casais de N. elegantalis. Foram utilizadas quatro gaiolas por concentra??o de todos os extratos. O extrato alco?lico de Euphorbia heterophylla nas diferentes concentra??es (5%, 10% e 15%), apresentou efeito de deterr?ncia sobre a oviposi??o de N. elegantalis diferindo dos demais extratos. No cap?tulo III, objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla, em tr?s diferentes concentra??es, aplicados sobre 10 indiv?duos adultos de C. maculata, por repeti??o. Os efeitos dos extratos sobre par?metros biol?gicos dos insetos foram avaliados durante 30 dias ap?s a pulveriza??o. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos consistiram dos extratos alco?licos das quatro esp?cies bot?nicas dilu?dos em ?gua destilada em tr?s concentra??es (5, 10 e 15%) (fatorial 4x3), com duas testemunhas, ?lcool a 15% e ?gua destilada. No geral, os extratos apresentaram seletividade para os adultos de C. maculata tratados topicamente, embora a Euphorbia heterophylla (leiteiro) tenha xi afetado o n?mero de larvas eclodidas e reduzido a viabilidade dos ovos quando comparada com os demais tratamentos.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-18T15:07:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T15:07:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a pest of tomato production in Brazil is basically controlled with chemicals insecticides. This work was carried out with the overall objective of producing information on alternative forms to control N. elegantalis, involving genetic resistance of tomato (Chapter I) and botanical extracts from weeds (Chapter II), as well as evaluating the selectivity of these botanical extracts on adults of a predator, Coleomegilla maculata (Chapter III). In Chapter I, the objective was to evaluate eight tomato varieties (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 and UC82) in the field under organic management, and in laboratory conditions, to identify non- preference (antixenosis) oviposition of N. elegantalis. The assay at the field was conducted at Serop?dica, RJ, Brazil, in randomized complete block design, with eight varieties, three replications and two sampling times. The laboratory assay was conducted in a cage, in a randomized complete blocks design, with eight varieties as treatments and eight replicates (days). It was noted that N. elegantalis, at the Field, had lower preference for oviposition in the fruit variety HEI36, unlike the variety LAI148, which in laboratory conditions showed a tendency to present fewer eggs and hatched larvae. In Chapter II, the objective was to evaluate the effect of deterrence of alcoholic extracts of species of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis and Euphorbia heterophylla on oviposition of N. elegantalis, at different concentrations. The assay was conducted in a laboratory with an randomized complete blocks design, whose treatments were extracts of four species at concentrations 5%, 10% and 15% (4X3 factorial) with two additional treatments: control 0% (alcohol diluted in distilled water to 15%) and absolute control (distilled water), with 8 replicates (days). Green fruits of tomato cultivar Marmande (susceptible) were sprayed with the extracts and placed in a cage containing 150 pairs of N. elegantalis. Four cages were used for concentration of all extracts. The alcoholic extract of Euphorbia heterophylla at different concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%), presented effect of deterrence on oviposition of N. elegantalis differing from the other extracts. In chapter III aimed to evaluate the selectivity of alcoholic extracts of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophylla, in three different concentrations applied to 10 adult individuals of C. maculate, by replication. The effects of extracts on insect biological parameters were evaluated along 30 days after spraying. The trial was conducted in laboratory with a complete randomized design. Treatments was alcoholic extracts of four plant species diluted in distilled water at three concentrations (5, 10 and 15%) (4x3 factorial) with two controls, 15% alcohol and distilled water. In general, the extracts showed selectivity for the adult C. maculata treated topically, although Euphorbia heterophylla has affected the number of hatched larvae and reduced egg viability when compared with other treatments. / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), uma das principais pragas da tomaticultura no Brasil, ? controlada basicamente com inseticidas qu?micos. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo geral de produzir informa??es sobre medidas alternativas de controle de N. elegantalis envolvendo a resist?ncia gen?tica do tomateiro (Cap?tulo I) e os extratos bot?nicos provenientes de plantas espont?neas (Cap?tulo II), bem como avaliar a seletividade desses extratos bot?nicos aos adultos de um predador, Coleomegilla maculata (Cap?tulo III). No cap?tulo I, o objetivo foi o de avaliar oito variedades de tomateiro (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 e UC82), em campo, sob manejo org?nico, e em condi??es de laborat?rio, para identificar a n?o-prefer?ncia (antixenose) para oviposi??o de N. elegantalis. O ensaio de campo foi conduzido na Fazendinha Agroecol?gica km 47 (Serop?dica, RJ), em delineamento em bloco ao acaso, com oito variedades, tr?s repeti??es e duas ?pocas de avalia??o. O ensaio de laborat?rio foi conduzido em gaiola, com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, tendo como tratamentos as oito variedades e oito repeti??es (dias). Observou-se em campo que N. elegantalis teve menor prefer?ncia para oviposi??o em frutos da variedade HEI36 e, em condi??es de laborat?rio, houve uma tend?ncia da variedade LAI148 em apresentar menor n?mero de ovos e de larvas eclodidas. No cap?tulo II, o objetivo foi o de avaliar o efeito de deterr?ncia dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla na oviposi??o de N. elegantalis, quando aplicados em diferentes concentra??es. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, tendo como tratamentos os extratos das quatro esp?cies nas concentra??es 5%, 10% e 15% (fatorial 4X3), com dois tratamentos adicionais: testemunha 0% (?lcool dilu?do em ?gua destilada a 15%) e testemunha absoluta (?gua destilada), com 8 repeti??es (dias). Frutos verdes de tomate cv. Marmande (suscept?vel) foram pulverizados com os extratos e acondicionados em gaiola contendo 150 casais de N. elegantalis. Foram utilizadas quatro gaiolas por concentra??o de todos os extratos. O extrato alco?lico de Euphorbia heterophylla nas diferentes concentra??es (5%, 10% e 15%), apresentou efeito de deterr?ncia sobre a oviposi??o de N. elegantalis diferindo dos demais extratos. No cap?tulo III, objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla, em tr?s diferentes concentra??es, aplicados sobre 10 indiv?duos adultos de C. maculata, por repeti??o. Os efeitos dos extratos sobre par?metros biol?gicos dos insetos foram avaliados durante 30 dias ap?s a pulveriza??o. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos consistiram dos extratos alco?licos das quatro esp?cies bot?nicas dilu?dos em ?gua destilada em tr?s concentra??es (5, 10 e 15%) (fatorial 4x3), com duas testemunhas, ?lcool a 15% e ?gua destilada. No geral, os extratos apresentaram seletividade para os adultos de C. maculata tratados topicamente, embora a Euphorbia heterophylla (leiteiro) tenha xi afetado o n?mero de larvas eclodidas e reduzido a viabilidade dos ovos quando comparada com os demais tratamentos.

自1970年代以降，各國政府普遍面臨財政緊縮及民眾對公共事務需求增加的雙重壓力，為解決此一困境，並符合政治民主化及經濟自由化之趨勢，「公私部門協力」觀念乃應運而生。公私部門協力不再是傳統威權式政府管理經營觀念，而是強調公、私部門間，應以平等、分工、共享的態度相互合作，整合各方資源與優勢，為共同目標及願景而努力，以創造共贏局面。 為能瞭解公私部門協力關係之基礎與理念，筆者乃從市場失靈及政府失靈等整體政經結構體制之改變展開，探討此種改變所造成公私部門關係及互動關係的演進，並漸進形成公私部門協力觀念及需求的產生。另為使公私部門協力之理論結構更臻完善，除對公私部門之差異與特質進行研討外，亦將公民參與、民營化、合產及企業型政府精神等理念納入。此外，在應用方面，藉由對美國及我國實施公私部門協力之實證經驗與個案研究，探討其可能面臨之限制與難題及未來發展趨勢，進而整合理論與應用，嘗試建構一公私部門協力運作模式，以作為我國未來發展相關政策時之參考或思考方向。 藉由本文之研究，可得到以下結論： 一、 公私部門協力觀念對公共行政理論與實務之影響：包括傳統行政體制與行政生態的轉變（隨整體環境改變，傳統僵化的官僚行政體制受到挑戰，行政運作漸走向彈性化及動態化，並與私部門建立良好互動關係）及國家角色的轉變（由「大有為」萬能政府角色轉變為僅扮演導航功能，但仍保有治理、監督、評估與維持社會公平、正義等責任）。 二、 建構公私部門協力關係時所應注意之前提：包括相關原則的把握（如合法性、責任確認、民主、效率、主動、可預測性、彈性、共贏、創新及鄰里與社區發展等原則），並認清協力關係之本質（即參與的成員雖居於平等地位，但目標不一定全然一致，但仍可因目標結合，成為堅強盟友。公私部門協力是種彈性、因地制宜的關係，在不同時空環境下，將發揮不同功能）。 三、 公私部門協力關係建構之程序與步驟：在本文中，筆者試著從Ken Cherrett、Sandra A. Waddock、Robert J. Bennett及Gunter Krebs等學說中，擷取相關要件，建構公私部門協力關係運作模式，並將之分成孕育、肇始、執行與成熟及評估等四大階段，每一階段中皆有其工作重點，亦均受其所處政經環境之影響。 四、 公私部門協力所面臨之限制與難題：公私部門協力關係的建立，是目前及未來公共事務發展之必然趨勢，但其並非解決當前政府問題的萬靈丹，仍存在著限制與難題，諸如公部門角色的矛盾、對參與之疑慮、適法性問題、政府公共職責及相關知能與人之才欠缺等，均為推動協力關係時所應注意及克服的問題。 此外，本文亦試著對政府未來在推動公私部門協力相關政策時，提出若干建議： 一、在政府方面：應繼續宣導公私部門協力觀念及加強公民教育、提供私部門參與公共事務適當誘因、調整政府組織及行政程序、相關法令鬆綁與管制解除、暢通參與管道等。 二、 在民間企業方面：包括強化企業社會責任與參與能力、對政府施政廣提建言及邀集相關企業與學者等共同籌設公部門協力中心等。 三、 在民眾方面：促使民眾對自身角色轉變的體認，明瞭參與公共事務是權利，亦是義務；並引導社區及鄰里發揮應有功能，積極參與公共事務。 公私部門協力關係的建立，係目前及未來公共事務發展之必然且必要之趨勢。鑑於我國目前相關研究並不多見，本文乃對公私部門協力觀念作一廣泛性探討，藉此拋磚引玉，俾為爾後相關研究參考與斧正起點。 目錄 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………1 第二節 研究範圍、途徑與方法…………………………………3 第三節 研究架構、流程與限制…………………………………4 第四節 相關名詞界說……………………………………………8 第五節 相關論文檢視……………………………… … … …16 第二章 公私部門協力理論探討……………………………………20 第一節 公私部門差異與特質…………………………………20 第二節 公私部門協力之理論基礎……………………………24 第三節 公私部門協力之理由與效益…………………………51 第四節 小結……………………………………………………54 第三章 公私部門協力理論應用探討………………………………57 第一節 英美兩國實施情形……………………………………57 第二節 我國目前實施情形……………………………………70 第三節 公私部門協力面臨之限制與難題……………………87 第四節 小結……………………………………………………91 第四章 公私部門協力運作模式建構………………… … ………96 第一節 觀念認知與建構原則…………………………………96 第二節 協力關係之來源與運作模式……………… ………102 第三節 公私部門協力運作模式建構步驟……… … … …114 第五章 結論與建議…………………………………… …………118 第一節 結論……………………………………… …………118 第二節 建議…………………………………… ……………121 參考書目………………………………… …………………………130 附錄一 公民參與相關論文比較……………… …………………141 附錄二 政府再造綱領……………………… ……………………143 附錄三 促進民間參與公共建設法草案條文…… ………………148

國際會計準則IFRIC 12「服務特許權協議」 係對營運者之公辦民營服務特許權協議之會計處理提供指引，解釋範圍內之公共建設不應認列為營運者之不動產、廠房及設備，因合約形式之服務協議並未轉移公共服務公共建設之使用控制權予營運者。營運者建造或升級用以提供公共服務之公共建設，並在約定期間內營運並維護該公共建設，應依據國際會計準則第11號及國際會計準則第18號認列與衡量所提供服務而產生之收入。 而我國財務會計準則對於民間參與公共建設之會計處理，除87.07.20基秘字第150號係解釋投資方於投資BOT之會計處理外，僅93.12.23基秘字第321號針對民間廠商出資興建政府各項設施之會計處理做出解釋，解釋內容規範興建期間所投入之建造成本應列為特許權取得成本，且自硬體設施興建完成，開始經營特許業務時起，於受委託經營期間攤銷，此與IFRIC12之規範大相逕庭。 本研究針對個案公司就轉換國際會計準則前後之財務報表進行分析，研究結果發現轉換國際會計準則後對特許公司財務報表及經營績效報導，如財務結構、償債能力、經營能力及獲利能力等皆有顯著正向之影響，尤其是當特許公司對各項假設判斷不同時，其經營績效報導則呈現不同結果。兩種準則相較之下，我國財務會計準則對BOT之會計處理相對較為保守，BOT計劃期間內經營績效報導呈現較為穩定。另特許公司之利害關係人，除投資人應注意不同準則下特許公司財務績效報導差異之影響外，轉換為國際會計準則後之特許公司財務報表對主辦機關財務檢查及聯合授信金融機構所訂財務比率限制尚無顯著不利之影響。

With the explosive growth in wireless applications, the last decade witnessed an ever-increasing test challenge for radio frequency (RF) circuits. While the design community has pushed the envelope far into the future, by expanding CMOS process to be used with high-frequency wireless devices, test methodology has not advanced at the same pace. Consequently, testing such devices has become a major bottleneck in high-volume production, further driven by the growing need for tighter quality control. RF devices undergo testing during the prototype phase and during high-volume manufacturing (HVM). The benchtop test equipment used throughout prototyping is very precise yet specialized for a subset of functionalities. HVM calls for a different kind of test paradigm that emphasizes throughput and sufficiency, during which the projected performance parameters are measured one by one for each device by automated test equipment (ATE) and compared against defined limits called specifications. The set of tests required for each product differs greatly in terms of the equipment required and the time taken to test individual devices. Together with signal integrity, precision, and repeatability concerns, the initial cost of RF ATE is prohibitively high. As more functionality and protocols are integrated into a single RF device, the required number of specifications to be tested also increases, adding to the overall cost of testing, both in terms of the initial and recurring operating costs. In addition to the cost problem, RF testing proposes another challenge when these components are integrated into package-level system solutions. In systems-on-packages (SOP), the test problems resulting from signal integrity, input/output bandwidth (IO), and limited controllability and observability have initiated a paradigm shift in high-speed analog testing, favoring alternative approaches such as built-in tests (BIT) where the test functionality is brought into the package. This scheme can make use of a low-cost external tester connected through a low-bandwidth link in order to perform demanding response evaluations, as well as make use of the analog-to-digital converters and the digital signal processors available in the package to facilitate testing. Although research on analog built-in test has demonstrated hardware solutions for single specifications, the paradigm shift calls for a rather general approach in which a single methodology can be applied across different devices, and multiple specifications can be verified through a single test hardware unit, minimizing the area overhead. Specification-based alternate test methodology provides a suitable and flexible platform for handling the challenges addressed above. In this thesis, a framework that integrates ATE and system constraints into test stimulus generation and test response extraction is presented for the efficient production testing of high-performance RF devices using specification-based alternate tests. The main components of the presented framework are as follows: Constraint-driven RF alternate test stimulus generation: An automated test stimulus generation algorithm for RF devices that are evaluated by a specification-based alternate test solution is developed. The high-level models of the test signal path define constraints in the search space of the optimized test stimulus. These models are generated in enough detail such that they inherently define limitations of the low-cost ATE and the I/O restrictions of the device under test (DUT), yet they are simple enough that the non-linear optimization problem can be solved empirically in a reasonable amount of time. Feature extractors for BIT: A methodology for the built-in testing of RF devices integrated into SOPs is developed using additional hardware components. These hardware components correlate the high-bandwidth test response to low bandwidth signatures while extracting the test-critical features of the DUT. Supervised learning is used to map these extracted features, which otherwise are too complicated to decipher by plain mathematical analysis, into the specifications under test. Defect-based alternate testing of RF circuits: A methodology for the efficient testing of RF devices with low-cost defect-based alternate tests is developed. The signature of the DUT is probabilistically compared with a class of defect-free device signatures to explore possible corners under acceptable levels of process parameter variations. Such a defect filter applies discrimination rules generated by a supervised classifier and eliminates the need for a library of possible catastrophic defects.

Title: 3D analysis of immediate effect on posture of shoe with postural insoles based on Rašev and with proceptor insoles PodoAktiv® Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the immediate effect of shoe insoles with postural pelote by Rašev and shoe insoles with proceptors PodoAktiv® on the postural hold with main focus at the pelvis and shoulder. Methodology: In this thesis we examined 9 participants who agreed joining the study. To messure postural hold body segments which we have chosen, we have used the Balance® 4D device. The selected body segments were marked by white spheric stickers. To compare postural hold of selected body segments we examined the participants in altogether 4 situations. Barefoot stand, stand in shoes without insoles, stand in shoes with custom-made postural insoles based on Rašev and stand in shoes with custom-made insoles PodoAktiv® . Results: In this study we confirmed that postural insoles based on Rašev have immediate effect on the hold of pelvis and shoulders. The insoles PodoAktiv® don't show such an effect on the hold of those segments we have tested. The hypothesis H1 and H2 have been confirmed, hypothesis H3 and H4 have been rejected. There was not found any trend which would describe the immediate reaction of the participants (postural hold with main...

Föreliggande kandidatarbete har till syfte att undersöka fenomenet Webskrapning. Webbskrapnings-program (också kända som Web Wanderers, Crawlers, Spiders eller skrapare) är program som söker igenom webben automatiskt för att extrahera information från webbsidor. Ett exempel på web skrapning är när ett företag samlar in data om prissättningar på en vara eller en tjänst och sen använder informationen för att producera billigare erbjudanden. Detta ger företaget en fördel så att de kan fokusera mera på att marknadsföra sin sida/tjänster. Utöver detta så blir de utsatta företagens servrar också hårt belastade med trafik (skrapning) från ”icke kunder”. Efter att ha genomsökt både akademiska och allmänna källor via informationsinsamling, av denna information så dras slutsatsen att man inte fullt ut kan hindra skrapning av hemsidor. Detta på samma sätt som man inte fullt ut kan hindra någon IT-attack, det finns inga 100 % vattentäta system. Av utfallet ifrån informationssökningen var det bara ett akademiskt arbete, av de hundra, som genomsöktes som hade inriktat sig på att förhindra skrapningsbotar.

In car racing simulation games, finishing first is the main goal. To reach that goal, it is required to go around a racing track, competing against other cars aiming for the same goal. Implementing a bot for doing so may have its difficulties, although using a technique called multi-agent systems combined with artificial potential field, let- ting the agents take care of subtasks like keeping the car on the track, minimize how much the car turns in a curvature and basics in navigation around the track, has showed that artificial potential fields very well fit the problem of driving a car in simulated car racing in a competitive way. / Mobiltelefon: 0707422666

This study investigated the impact of a sensory-motor stimulation programme, namely the SEMOSTI Programme, on the gross motor proficiency of four-to-six-year-old children. A field experiment was conducted using a quasi-experimental comparison group pretest-posttest design as three teachers implemented the SEMOSTI Programme over a 30-week period. Data collection took place at two schools’ grade R classes in Gauteng province of South Africa. Due to a limited sample of 73 participants, the results are context-bound and specific to Afrikaans-speaking, white, grade R children and selected gross motor skills. Data was collected using subtests of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2), a scale and measuring tape as well as several questionnaires. The variables, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), gender, age, and perinatal morbidity could possibly influence the results and were taken into account. Data was statistically analysed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure and Dunnett’s t-test analysis. Findings indicated that the SEMOSTI Programme had a significant impact on the dependent variable, gross motor proficiency. The SEMOSTI Programme positively impacted on all five motor skills tested (bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, upper-limb coordination and strength), but only the impact on running speed and agility and strength were statistically significant. Findings from the questionnaires indicated that the teachers who presented the SEMOSTI Programme perceived it as user-friendly, well-structured and effective in choice of equipment and activities. They identified the timeframe for the evaluation of developmental milestones and the structure of the plan-of-action section as weaknesses. Findings suggest that the SEMOSTI Programme is promising in improving gross motor proficiency in four-to-six-year-old children. Through participation in the programme, the experimental group significantly improved total gross motor proficiency, running speed and agility, and strength. This study offers support for the future use of the SEMOSTI Programme as a stimulation programme in grade R after further development and validation. / Dissertation (MOccTher)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Occupational Therapy / unrestricted

This master thesis deals with the design and implementation of a tool for malware detection using DNS traffic analysis. Text of the thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. In theoretical part the reader will be acknowledged with the domain of malware and botnet detection. Consequently, various options and methods of malware detection will be described. Practical part of the thesis contains description of malware detection tool architecture as well as key aspects of its implementation. Moreover, the emphasis is being placed on testing and experiments. The result of the thesis is a tool, written in python, for malware detection using DNS traffic analysis, that uses a combination of several methods of detection.