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Syftet med studien är att kartlägga hur organisationer strategiskt kan arbeta för att främja och vårda eldsjälar, liksom deras medarbetare. Studien utgår från en induktiv forskningsansats och har tillämpat en kvalitativforskningsstrategi genom fallstudier. Det empiriska underlaget har samlats in genom elva ostrukturerade intervjuer med eldsjälar och deras medarbetare samt chefer. Vår studie identifierar ledarskap och interpersonella relationer som avgörande förutsättningar för att främja och vårda relationen mellan eldsjälar och organisationer. Ett effektivt ledarskap, som kännetecknas av förtroende, inkludering, flexibilitet och konflikthantering, är nödvändigt för att upprätthålla balansen mellan motivationen och engagemanget hos eldsjälarna och inkludering av medarbetarna runt eldsjälen. Dessutom är det avgörande att främja och vårda interpersonella relationer genom teamarbete, erkännande och balanserad arbetsbelastning. Genom att skapa en vårdande och inkluderande arbetsmiljö kan organisationer dra nytta av eldsjälarnas unika förmågor för att driva positiv förändring och uppnå långsiktig framgång. / The purpose of the study is identifying how organizations can strategically work to promote and nurture idea champions, as well as their co-workers. The study is based on an inductive research approach and has employed a qualitative research strategy. The empirical data were collected through eleven unstructured interviews with idea champions and their colleagues, as well as managers. Our study identifies leadership and interpersonal relationships as critical conditions for fostering and nurturing the relationship between idea champions and organizations. Effective leadership, characterized by trust, inclusion, flexibility, and conflict management, is essential for maintaining the balance between the motivation and engagement of idea champions and the inclusion of colleagues around them. Additionally, promoting and nurturing interpersonal relationships through teamwork, recognition, and balanced workloads is crucial. By creating a supportive and inclusive work environment, organizations can benefit from the unique capabilities of idea champions to drive positive change and achieve long-term success.

The main aim of the research project was to develop a change agent identification framework, to be used by organisational change management specialists to identify change agents more effectively in large organisations moving forward. To date, little research has been conducted regarding the role and identification of change agents in large organisations. In the context of the research project, the sample of change agents used, referred to employees affected by the change, spread across the organisation, assisting in communicating key messages and ensuring that their peers become change ready. A thorough 12-step empirical research process was followed, which included both a qualitative and quantitative approach. The qualitative process consisted of the development of a change agent identification framework, comprising of four dimensions, each with supportive information and/or items. The aim of the quantitative process was to empirically test the personality trait dimension of the framework with a sample group of 27 change agents and 135 employees influenced by a transformation process. This was to determine which change agent personality traits has a positive impact/effect on employee change readiness levels during transformation. Through a rigorous analysis process, only the phlegmatic, persuasive and optimistic personality traits resulted in having some positive effect on employees during a transformation process. In support of these findings, the literature study findings as well as the qualitative empirical research findings indicated that the persuasive and optimistic personality traits need to form part of a change agents’ personality profile. The phlegmatic personality trait was not evident throughout all literature findings. The literature and empirical results contributed towards a comprehensive understanding of the way in which individuals should be identified as change agents in large organisations. The developed framework should assist industrial and organisational psychologists in the future to identify individuals as change agents, more efficiently. Recommendations were made on the future expansion of a knowledge base for organisational change agents. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Title: Analysis of Offence after Active Defence Objectives: The primary objective of this thesis is to implement quantitative and qualitative analysis of offence after reaching the ball during active defence within Bayern Munich matches. Attacks finished with a shot or a final pass. Consequently, the aims in view will be evaluated. Methods: The work uses the indirect observation method in particular matches which were available due to video records. Successful attacks were analysed according to quantity and quality. This analysis is focused on a detailed study of each attack from its foundig thanks to gaining the ball during active defence to its ending. Results: The results show the types and models realized during the monitored attacks of Bayern Munich team within the UEFA Champions League 2012/2013. Further, offensive and defensive phases of the game in the modern aspect of football are clarified. Last but not least, we are able to apply the models in question to different achievement groups. Keywords: UEFA Champions League 2012/2013, football, active defence, offence, cooperation, Bayern Munich, quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:33:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Saulo Felipe Caldeira de Almeida.pdf: 1106391 bytes, checksum: af2f4ef05707497e6a0ea0b1ccfa1d8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-13 / The scope of this dissertation is to analyze a specific movement of the current Brazilian industrial policy, which organizes its tools to assist certain companies in a real training exercise of national champions. But that, is presents an exhaustive researches about the publications of main agent of Brazilian government at implementation of this policy, the Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social BNDES [Brazilian Development Bank]. From the results of this research, as actually observed how this movement occurs, identifying those are this national champions and which operations of BNDES have fostered this movement. As a result, after identifying the criticisms that are made to this model, in which circumstances these national champions were subjected to the Brazilian Antitrust Authorities, we highlight its main performances and analyzed its decisions. / O escopo da presente dissertação é analisar um movimento especifico da atual política industrial brasileira, que organiza seus instrumentos para auxiliar determinadas empresas num verdadeiro exercício de formação de campeões nacionais. Para tanto, apresenta-se uma exaustiva pesquisa sobre as publicações do principal agente do governo brasileiro na implementação desta política, o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social - BNDES. A partir do resultado desta pesquisa, se observa como realmente ocorre este movimento, identificando quem são estes campeões nacionais e quais as operações do BNDES fomentaram este movimento. Na sequência, após identificar as críticas que se fazem a este modelo, verificamos em que circunstancias estes campeões nacionais foram submetidos ao Sistema Brasileiro de Defesa da Concorrência, elencamos suas principais atuações e analisamos suas decisões.

The purpose of this study was to explore the strategising practices of sustainability champions at Transnet, a South African state-owned enterprise (SOE). The study set out to discover what these micro-strategising practices were and what strategic outcomes they had for the organisation at the corporate level of strategy praxis. The problem that this research sought to address was the need for greater progress towards corporate sustainability and the lack of research into the role, contributions and practices of sustainability champions in formal sustainability roles within relatively large organisations. This exploration was carried out in the form of a qualitative single-case study which drew on serial interviews (two per participant) and case documentation as sources of evidence. The data were analysed using Applied Thematic Analysis (ATA) in the CAQDAS software Atlas.ti. The study answered the research questions and found that sustainability champions engaged in seven sets of strategising practices with seven corresponding strategic outcomes. While it was not the intention of the study to develop a conceptual model, the process of synthesising the main findings resulted in a model termed the web of sustainable strategising. The study concludes that sustainability champions are strategists who aid their organisation in the pursuit of corporate sustainability while influencing the direction of macro-institutional arrangements towards sustainable development. These results cannot be generalised, but they are transferrable to similar contexts. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

The main aim of the research project was to develop a change agent identification framework, to be used by organisational change management specialists to identify change agents more effectively in large organisations moving forward. To date, little research has been conducted regarding the role and identification of change agents in large organisations. In the context of the research project, the sample of change agents used, referred to employees affected by the change, spread across the organisation, assisting in communicating key messages and ensuring that their peers become change ready. A thorough 12-step empirical research process was followed, which included both a qualitative and quantitative approach. The qualitative process consisted of the development of a change agent identification framework, comprising of four dimensions, each with supportive information and/or items. The aim of the quantitative process was to empirically test the personality trait dimension of the framework with a sample group of 27 change agents and 135 employees influenced by a transformation process. This was to determine which change agent personality traits has a positive impact/effect on employee change readiness levels during transformation. Through a rigorous analysis process, only the phlegmatic, persuasive and optimistic personality traits resulted in having some positive effect on employees during a transformation process. In support of these findings, the literature study findings as well as the qualitative empirical research findings indicated that the persuasive and optimistic personality traits need to form part of a change agents’ personality profile. The phlegmatic personality trait was not evident throughout all literature findings. The literature and empirical results contributed towards a comprehensive understanding of the way in which individuals should be identified as change agents in large organisations. The developed framework should assist industrial and organisational psychologists in the future to identify individuals as change agents, more efficiently. Recommendations were made on the future expansion of a knowledge base for organisational change agents. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Jose Marcos Carrera Junior - Revisao.pdf: 2565078 bytes, checksum: c46da12f2180025e37af6348d41ac639 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-21 / State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are a mechanism adopted by emerging countries to fulfill the need for investment in specific areas. Under import substitution industrialization (ISI) policy marked by state intervention in the economy, SOEs and national private companies became protected from foreign competition and enjoyed great market power. However, economic shocks during the 1970s and 1980s, along with the growing inefficiency of these enterprises due to agency problems, led to losses. During the 1990s, Latin-American countries opened their economy and undertook privatization programs. However, since strong national companies may be useful for the State because they control strategic resources, and in order to maintain national sovereignty by preventing the acquisition of SOEs by foreign investors, the Brazilian State kept a minority equity stake in these companies. In addition, the Brazilian State also invested in some companies to make them globally competitive ("national champions"), while also holding minority equity stakes to avoid their acquisition by foreigners. We argue that the government has not abandoned its previous policy of intervention in the economy, instead, it has adapted it to new circumstances. We evaluate the influence of state ownership on the companies’ degree of internationalization and performance. SOEs may perform worse than privately controlled firms because of agency problems, while government as a minority shareholder can assist firms by providing financial and political resources. Analyzing a panel of non-financial listed companies in Brazil between 2002 and 2016, we found that the higher the state ownership by means of pension funds and BNDES, the higher the degree of internationalization measured by the foreign sales to total sales ratio. The degree of internationalization was even higher when the government was the minority shareholder of family-controlled companies. Analyzing the impact of state ownership on firm-level financial performance, we found that firms in which the government was one of the shareholders did not underperform in comparison to privately controlled firms before the Brazilian crisis of 2014- 2016 crisis. However, during the crisis, when government support decreased, we verified that the relation between majority state ownership and financial performance measured by the return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q was negative. Although negative, there was no statistically significant effect of minority state ownership. Our study suggests the need for governmentinvested enterprises to develop skills to perform well when they cannot rely on government assistance. Furthermore, the degree of internationalization did not soften the effects of the crisis on the firm-level financial performance, which may indicate that the domestic institutional environment has a strong influence on the performance of Brazilian companies. / Empresas públicas são um mecanismo adotado por países emergentes para suprir a necessidade de investimento em áreas específicas. Na política de industrialização por substituição de importações marcada pela intervenção do Estado na economia, protegidas da competição estrangeira, empresas públicas e privadas nacionais usufruíam de amplo poder de mercado. Entretanto, choques econômicos das décadas de 70 e 80, associados à crescente ineficiência destas empresas devido a problemas de agência, geraram perdas. Durante a década de 90, os países latino-americanos, abriram sua economia e adotaram programas de privatizações. Empresas nacionais fortes podem ser úteis ao Estado por controlarem recursos estratégicos, e visando manter a soberania nacional, para evitar que as empresas públicas fossem adquiridas por investidores estrangeiros, e para continuar mantendo influência sobre sua gestão, o Estado brasileiro manteve uma participação acionária minoritária. Além disso, o governo brasileiro investiu em algumas empresas para torná-las competitivas globalmente (“campeãs nacionais”), mantendo também participação minoritária para evitar sua aquisição por estrangeiros e manter influência sobre elas. Argumentamos que o governo não abandonou sua política de intervenção na economia, apenas a adaptou à novas circunstâncias. Empresas públicas podem performar pior do que empresas privadas devido a problemas de agência, ao passo que o governo como acionista minoritário pode auxiliar as empresas ao prover recursos financeiros e políticos. Desta forma, avaliamos a influência da propriedade do Estado sobre o grau de internacionalização e desempenho financeiro das empresas. Analisando um painel de companhias não financeiras listadas entre 2002 e 2016, verificamos que quanto maior o nível de participação do governo brasileiro na propriedade, principalmente por meio de fundos de pensão e BNDES, maior o grau de internacionalização medido pela razão entre as vendas no mercado externo e vendas totais. O grau de internacionalização foi ainda maior quando o governo foi o acionista minoritário de empresas controladas por famílias. Ao analisar o impacto da propriedade estatal na performance financeira das empresas, verificamos que embora antes da crise brasileira de 2014-2016 as empresas que tinham o governo como acionista não tiveram um desempenho pior do que empresa privadas, durante a crise, quando o suporte governamental diminuiu, a relação entre participação majoritária do estado e desempenho foi fortemente negativa, ao passo que embora negativo, não houve efeito estatisticamente significativo da participação minoritária, evidenciando a necessidade das empresas investidas pelo governo em criarem competências para performarem bem mesmo sem o apoio estatal. O grau de internacionalização não amenizou os efeitos da crise para as empresas analisadas, o que pode indicar que o ambiente institucional do país de origem tem forte peso no desempenho das empresas.

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This thesis analyzes narrative strategies of Kurt Vonnegut as a postmodern author with a specific style. The first part defines postmodernism as opposed to modernism and explains all essential notions to provide the theoretical background. This part also includes a biographical element, describing the important events of the author's life, as these had a major influence on his work. Second part of the thesis analyzes the narrative style of the two selected books, Breakfast of Champions and Mother Night. The conclusion summarizes the most important specifics of the author's narrative strategies and style in the given books. This thesis presents Kurt Vonnegut as a significant and influential representative of postmodern American literature of the second half of the 20th century. Vonnegut fully employs the narrative strategies typical for this period, and by experimenting he creates his own unique style.