Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Traditional Coptic charity, as I call it, is not just a flawed attempt at humanitarianism, as many believe. It is not just “giving a man a fish” as proponents of “human development” argue. Traditional Coptic charity, as I hope to explain, is an integral part of a larger social system that works together to maintain (and grow slowly) a religious community whose very salvation rests in the practice and transmission of its complex Liturgical body. By merit of its theological peculiarity, and the soteriological significance it gives the practice of sacraments and other religious activities, the Coptic Church effectively hems in the community in perpetuity. This contrasts with the other side of the philanthropic coin—development. Development, which is championed by certain organizations stands as a bulwark of “modernity” in the face of charity’s traditionalism, does not fit into the soteriological orientation of the Church’s Liturgical life. In essence, development’s ultimate goal is to “develop” individuals to the point of “financial independence”—a goal that does not fit into the Church’s communal ethos or exclusively contribute to salvific ends. In recognizing these facts, I began to reevaluate my initial stance on human development as the best way of engaging non-Copts. Overall, this thesis is can be read as a continuation of an ongoing debate between modernity and tradition—and the philanthropic tools they deploy—development and charity.

Indiana University - Purdue University - Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This philanthropic studies thesis aims to “increase the understanding of philanthropy, improve its practice, and enhance philanthropic participation” (Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University Overview) by studying the effects of social information, social norms and social identity on giving. It connects philanthropic studies research with theoretical developments in motivations for giving in economics, nonprofit management, nonprofit marketing, consumer behavior, and social psychology. It utilizes personal observations as well as quantitative methods including experiments and surveys on multiple samples including donors, undergraduate students and samples of the U.S. population. It generates actionable and efficacious knowledge to improve the practice of philanthropy. It contributes to the formation and growth of the young field called philanthropic studies - in theory, in methodology and in practice. This thesis includes five chapters. Chapter I will explain how the research question, philosophy and methodology are selected. This discussion will be for the entire thesis. Specific research questions, hypotheses, research designs, findings and implications will be explained in the subsequent chapters. Chapter II demonstrates the immediate and long-term effects of social information on donations and its boundary conditions in existing nonprofit donors in two field experiments. Chapter III shows that the psychological mechanism through which social information influences subsequent giving is perceived descriptive social norms in one field survey of donors and one laboratory experiment on undergraduate students. Chapter IV investigates how social identity congruency moderates the effect of social information on donations. It reports three field experiments on donors and samples of the general U.S. population and two laboratory experiments on undergraduate students. It shows that donors give more money to a public radio station if told that a previous donor with a similar identity also made a large contribution. This effect is more likely to occur when donors have high collective identity esteem and when attention is focused on others. Each chapter provides original fundraising techniques developed from these studies. Chapter V concludes with a discussion of the theoretical, methodological and practical contributions of this thesis and suggests directions for future research in philanthropic studies, and philanthropic psychology in particular.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The history of Western civilisation is generally demarcated into three broad epochs: ancient, Christian and modern. These eras are usually defined in political terms, but they may also be differentiated in terms of fundamental differences in the nature of the organisations that constitute civil society in each age, how they defined the public good, and even what they consider philanthropic. In the nineteenth century, for instance, 'Scientific philanthropy' displaced 'Christian charity' as the dominant model for charitable giving; a development accompanied by a number of other secularising trends in Western civil society, generally understood as a broad cultural shift in conceptions of public good, from religious to scientific. From the fourth to the sixth century CE, by comparison, another broad cultural shift, from paganism to Christianity, also led to fundamental changes in the nature and composition of ancient civil society. A central premise of this dissertation is that fundamental historical transformations in Western civilisation – from pagan to Christian, to modern, to post-modern – may be traced to the influence of some of the most important philosophers in the Western philosophical tradition, among them: Protagoras, Socrates, Plato, Francis Bacon and Friedrich Nietzsche. Each of these philosophers may be seen to have promulgated their teachings in a consciously Promethean manner; as gifts of fire, understood as philosophical teachings intended to be promulgated for the wider benefit of humankind. In Greek myth, Prometheus, whose name is traditionally thought to have literally meant 'forethought', is the one who steals fire from the gods and gives it to humans. Prometheus is also the first figure in history to be described as "philanthropic" (Prometheus Bound, 11 & 28). Plato, Bacon and Nietzsche all employ significant variants of the Promethean mũthos in their philosophical works, and may be seen to personally identify with the figure of Prometheus, as an allegorical figure depicting the situation of the wise, particularly in relation to political power. This dissertation thus closely analyses the Promethean mũthos in order to cast light on the philosophical philanthrôpía and Promethean ambitions of Protagoras, Socrates and Plato, and to provide the basis for consideration of the same in Bacon and Nietzsche.

Работа посвящена исследованию продвижения волонтерства в социальных сетях при помощи SMM-маркетинга на примере волонтерских центров в России в г. Екатеринбург. Объектом исследования выступают волонтерская деятельность в России, предметом – особенности продвижения волонтерских центров посредством социальных сетей. Цель исследования: изучить особенности продвижения волонтерской деятельности в России через использование социальных сетей, проанализировать влияние социальных сетей на бренд каждого из центров. Материал исследования составили англоязычные и русскоязычные авторы, которые рассматривали волонтерство с разных сторон, собранная статистика социальных сетей волонтерских центров, анализ интервью по теме волонтерства. В первой части работы раскрывается понятие, сущность и история становления волонтерства в мире и в России. Кроме того, рассматриваются и анализируются точки зрения российских и зарубежных авторов. Во второй части исследования показываются особенности инструментов SMM-маркетинга и изучаются механизмы его функционирования в продвижении организаций в социальных сетях. Проводится комплексный анализ социальных сетей и способов продвижения через них. Далее происходит сбор и анализ статистических данных по волонтерским центрам и сравнение специфики работы волонтерских центров. Обзор волонтерских центров и сравнительный анализ специфики продвижения, основных направлений работы центров, используемых в контенте их социальных сетей, на основе собранных данных. В данной части работы также представлена подробная специфика работы волонтерских центров, классификация задействованной аудитории, раскрытие стратегий и тактик в продвижении волонтерских организаций в социальных сетях. В третьей главе в соответствии с темой исследования проводится опрос целевой аудитории на тему волонтерства, далее анализируются полученные результаты. Результаты проведенного нами сравнительного анализа волонтерских центров и их статистики в социальных сетях, а также проведенных интервью для определения эффективности продвижения в социальных сетях могут быть использованы в ходе маркетингового анализа и улучшения продвижения и работы других волонтерских центров в социальных сетях. В приложениях приводятся дополнительные статистические данные волонтерских центров на русском языке, а также отобранные два индивидуальных интервью на английском языке. / The work is devoted to the study of the promotion of volunteering in social networks using SMM marketing on the example of volunteer centers in Russia in Yekaterinburg. The object of the study is volunteering in Russia, the subject is the features of promoting volunteer centers through social networks. The purpose of the study: to study the features of promoting volunteering in Russia using social networks, to analyze the impact of social networks on the brand of each of the centers. The research material was compiled by English-speaking and Russian-speaking authors who considered volunteering from different points, collected statistics from social networks of volunteer centers, and analysis of interviews on the topic of volunteering. The first part of the work reveals the concept, essence, and history of the formation of volunteering in the world and in Russia. In addition, the points of view of Russian and foreign authors are considered and analyzed. The second part of the study shows the features of SMM marketing tools and examines the mechanisms of its functioning in promoting organizations in social networks. A comprehensive analysis of social networks and ways to promote through them is carried out. Next, there is a collection and analysis of statistical data on volunteer centers and a comparison of the specifics of the work of volunteer centers. An overview of volunteer centers and a comparative analysis of the specifics of promotion, the main areas of work of the centers used in the content of their social networks, based on the collected data. This part of the work also presents the detailed specifics of the work of volunteer centers, the classification of the audience involved, the disclosure of strategies and tactics in promoting volunteer organizations in social networks. In the third chapter, in accordance with the topic of the study, a survey of the target audience on the topic of volunteering is conducted, and then the results are analyzed. The results of our comparative analysis of volunteer centers and their statistics in social networks, as well as interviews conducted to determine the effectiveness of promotion in social networks can be used while marketing analysis and improvement of the promotion and work of other volunteer centers in social networks. The appendices provide additional statistics from volunteer centers in Russian, as well as a selection of two individual interviews in English.

This bachelor thesis is a qualitative case study of whether the Olof Palme International Center’s (OPC) model of foreign aid, as a Swedish non-governmental organisation (NGO), is understood by leading figures of the three types of participants involved in the model; the OPC, Swedish member organisations, and, in this case, South African partner organisations, as taking either a solidarity- or charity-approach to foreign aid, in both theory and practise. The theories of Mutual Aid and International Solidarity are used to construct two opposing “solidarity” and “charity” models of foreign aid, against which the OPC model is compared. These two approaches are selected as they are most often associated with NGO foreign aid providers. The criticisms of, and suggestions for improvements to foreign aid practises are collected from aid experts and leading scholars in the field, such as Pearson (1970), the OECD/DAC, and the UN. These suggestions and criticisms are compared against both models and sorted accordingly as indicators in the analytical framework, whereby a preference among aid scholars and experts for the solidarity model is revealed. Empirical data is collected through semi-structured interviews with the involved parties and analysed through qualitative content analysis. By analysing which of the indicators in the analytical framework, belonging to the “solidarity-model” or “charity-model” were affirmed by a majority of the interviewees, it was found that both the OPC’s model and the way it is implemented, is understood by all involved parties as a solidarity model.

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The master thesis focuses on caring facilities and service, specifically the Charity care service of the regional charity of Klatovy. The Master thesis points out how necessary and at the same time demanding is the work of caregivers. The Master thesis also includes the characteristics of the clientele with whom Caritas care facility most often cooperates - seniors. It also contains an analysis of ethical dilemmas and problems which arose from semi-structured interviews with respondents,who are employees of specific centers of Caritas care service. The thesis also contains improvement suggestions and coments of the ethical dilemmas and problems which are made using 4 ethical theories - utilitarianism, deontology, ethic of care and situational ethic.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of philanthropic interventions in public high schools in Mutasa district of Zimbabwe. Three research questions guided the study. The investigation focused on finding out the types of philanthropic interventions in the public high school and to evaluate their impact on the schools and students involved from an educational management perspective. The investigation was a mixed methods research using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Data was collected by questionnaire, interview and documentary sources. Principals of twenty nine high schools responded to a questionnaire. Interview data was gathered from two representatives of non-governmental organisations. One NGO also provided documents for more data. Two individual philanthropists from the district were also interviewed. The results of the study indicate that philanthropic interventions have made significant improvements to the physical infrastructure of some schools. During the 2014 study there were about 700 students from poor backgrounds on various school fees assistance programmes. School enrolment and completion rates have increased. School drop-outs have decreased. Over 6 500 former beneficiaries of fees from one donor organisation have formed an alumni association to assist other children in disadvantaged circumstances. It is strongly recommended that schools in the district and elsewhere use online social network platforms to organise alumni associations from a wider catchment area beyond national borders. Alumni associations are a potentially rich source of philanthropic revenue hardly tapped in the district. Schools should create their own websites to be exposed to a global audience of donors for possible funding of their projects. / Educational Leadership and Management / D. Ed. (Education Management)

Die vorliegende MTh-Dissertation ist eine missionsgeschichtliche Untersuchung, welche ausge-hend von primären Quellen die Anfangsgeschichte der Heilsarmee und deren Mission im Basel-biet von 1887 bis 1901 erforscht. Die Heilsarmee war eine Bewegung, die missionarisch ausge-prägt offensiv tätig war. Im ersten Hauptteil wird ihre Anfangsgeschichte chronologisch in drei Phasen dargestellt: Pionier-, Repressions- und Etablierungsphase. Im zweiten Hauptteil wird sys-tematisch deren Mission analysiert und erörtert. Der Fokus liegt einerseits auf der konkreten Mis-sionspraxis, gefragt wird aber auch nach den missionstheologischen Überzeugungen, welche den missionarischen Aktivitäten zugrunde lagen. Die Dissertation zeigt die Hintergründe einer offen-siven, anfänglich primär auf das ‚Seelenheil‘ zielenden Missionspraxis der Heilsarmee und auch die damit verbundenen Probleme, welche sich in Ablehnung, Widerständen und staatlicher Re-pression äußerten. Es wird auch gezeigt, wie die Heilsarmee zunehmend ein ganzheitliches Heils-verständnis und eine Missionspraxis entwickelte, welche den ganzen Menschen vor Augen hat: Seele und Leib. Dieser ganzheitliche Ansatz von Mission verhalf der Heilsarmee zu zunehmender Akzeptanz / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)