The structure of 11S cruciferin has been solved; however, how the individual subunits contribute to its physico-chemical and functional properties are not well known. The cruciferin isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana, CRUA, CRUB, and CRUC, were investigated with respect to their molecular structures and the relationship of structural features to the physico-chemical and functional properties of cruciferin using homology modeling and various analytical techniques. Comparison of these models revealed that hydrophobicity and electrostatic potential distribution on the surface of the CRUC homotrimer had more favorable interfacial, solubility, and thermal properties than those of CRUA or CRUB. Flavor binding and pepsin digestion were associated with hypervariable regions (HVRs) and center core regions, respectively, moreso for CRUA and CRUB homotrimers than for CRUC. Chemical imaging of a single cell area in wild type (WT) and double-knockout seeds (CRUAbc, CRUaBc, and CRUabC) using synchrotron FT-IR microscopy (amide I band, 1650 cm-1, νC=O) showed that seed storage proteins were concentrated in the cell center and protein storage vacuoles, whereas lipids were closer to the cell wall. Secondary structure components of proteins of double-knockout lines did not show major differences. Changes in protein secondary structure components of pepsin-treated CRUabC (CRUC) mutant were minimal, indicating low enzyme accessibility. A three-step chromatographic procedure allowed isolation of the hexameric form of cruciferin with high purity (>95%). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic analysis of the secondary structure of these proteins revealed cruciferins were folded into higher order secondary structures; 44−50% β-sheets and 7−9% α-helices. The relative subunit ratio was approximately 1:3:6 (CRUA:CRUB:CRUC) in the WT cruciferin. The Tm values of purified cruciferin at pH 7.4 (μ = 0.0) were in the order of WT = CRUA = CRUB < CRUC. The order of surface hydrophobicity as determined by ANS (1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate) probe binding was CRUA > CRUB = WT >> CRUC. Intrinsic fluorescence studies revealed a compact molecular structure for the CRUC homohexamer compared to the CRUA and CRUB homohexamers. The order of emulsion forming abilities was CRUA = CRUB > WT > CRUC (no emulsion formation) and the order of heat-induced network structure strength was WT > CRUA = CRUB > CRUC (no gel formation). The inability of CRUC to form gels or emulsions may be attributed to its low surface hydrophobicity and molecular compactness. At pH 2.0, CRUC hexamers dissociated into trimers which allowed the formation of an O/W emulsion and heat-induced network structures. Solubility of cruciferin as a function of pH at low ionic strength gave two minima around pH 4 and 7.4 yielding a “W” shape solubility profile deviating from the typical “U” or “V” shape solubility profile of other 11S globulins. The high ionic strength (μ = 0.5) was not favorable for emulsification, heat-induced gel formation, or solubilization for all cruciferins. Furthermore, the CRUA and CRUB homohexamers exhibited rapid pepsinolysis, while the CRUC homohexamer and WT heterohexamer were digested more slowly. Although fairly well conserved regions were found in the primary structure of these three cruciferin subunits, differences were found in the hypervariable regions and extended loop regions resulting in slight differences in 3D structures and interactions that occur during association to form superstructures, such as hexamers. These differences were reflected in the physico-chemical and techno-functional properties of hexamers and trimers composed of each subunit. In silico predictions for certain functionalities were highly correlated with empirical data from laboratory experiments.

The aim of the study: to compare the conditions and growth properties of naturally regenerated and planted Scots pine stands, and to evaluate the impact of Scots pine plantations on chemical parameters of Arenosols. The object of the study: the naturally regenerated and planted Scots pine stands of different age in Varėna Forest Enterprise Merkis forest district and in the experiment of Perloja Experimental Station of Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture. The research methods: the analyses of Forest Survey data, technical measurements, the chemical analyses of Arenosols samples: pH, the capability of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and organic carbon. The research results: the conditions and growth properties of naturally regenerated and planted Scots pine stands in Perloja experiment and in neighbour stands; the changes of chemical properties of Arenosols (pH, the capability of nutrients and organic carbon) afforested by Scots pine were estimated.

Introduction. At low temperature the preservation of foodstuffs is one of the best ways of their storage and therefore this method is widely used in meat industry. The low temperature suppresses the activity of microorganisms and tissue ferments. Therefore the meat preserved by freezing keeps for a long time its initial properties and there are only minimal changes of food value and taste. At low temperature the activity of ferments slows down but does not stop. Work object. The work object is the determination of the change of physical-chemical properties of meat during freezing and keeping in - 180 C and - 860 C temperature. Work methodics. The research as fulfilled at the laboratory of the evaluation of the cattle meat properties and the meat quality. For the rersearch taken 14 Lithuanian white pig meat samples the mean weight of which was 500 g. were taken. They were put into special freezing bags and were frozen at temperature -180 C, and -860 C. Before freezing it the physical-chemical properties of the meat were determined. Two examples from each meat samples were researched. The determination of the physical-chemical properties of the meat was fulfilled every month. Also were was taken 6 Lithuanian white pig meat samples the mean weight of which was 500 g. Before freezing it the physical-chemical properties of the meat were determined. After that was made green tea extract, 500 ml. Water ant 50 g tea. All extract was inject in to the meat samples. They were put... [to full text]

Additive manufacturing (AM), also called 3D-printing, are technologies where parts are formed from the bottom up by adding material layer-by-layer on top of each other. Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is an AM technique capable of manufacturing fully solid metallic parts, using a high-intensity electron beam to melt powder particles in layers to form finished components. Compared to conventional machining, EBM offers enhanced efficiency for production of customized and patient specific parts such as e.g. dental prosthetics. However, dental prosthetics are challenging to produce by EBM, as their small sizes mean that mechanical and surface properties may be altered as part sizes decreases. The aim of this thesis is to gain new insights that could lead to optimization for production of small sized components in the EBM. The work is focused to understand the process-property relationships for small size components production. To improve the surface resolution and part detailing, a smaller sized powder was used for production and compared to parts made with standard sized powder. The surface-, chemical and mechanical properties were evaluated for parts produced with both types of powders. The results indicate that the surface roughness may be influenced by powder and build layer thickness size, whereas the mechanical properties showed no influence of the layer-wise production. However, the mechanical properties are dependent on part size. The outermost surface of the parts consists of a surface oxide dominated by TiO2, formed as a result of reaction between the surface and residual gases in the EBM build chamber. The surface oxide thickness is comparable to that of a conventionally machined surface, but is dependent on build height. This work concludes that the surface resolution and component detailing can be improved by various measures. Provided that proper process themes are used, the EBM manufactured material is homogenous with properties comparable to conventional produced titanium. It has also been shown that the material properties will be altered for small components. The results point towards different ways of optimizing manufacturing of dental prosthetics by EBM, which will make dental prosthetics available for an increased number of patients.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study evaluated the spatial distribution of nematodes, clay content and soil chemical properties with the aid of geostatistics in an area mostly cultivated with soybeans. For this, georeferenced samples of soil and roots, from a rural property in Paracatu MG, were collected and subjected to chemical, physical and nematode analyses. Sampling was conducted in the form of a mesh, collecting approximately one sample per hectare, in nine areas with central pivot in a property with 831.01 ha. Subsequently, the semivariograms and spatial distribution maps were made, using kriging technique, for each factor evaluated. There was a predominance of spherical and exponential models in semivariograms adjusted for soil chemical properties, of exponential models for nematodes, and clay could not be identified by any of the models. There was spatial independence for various soil chemical properties, which can be associated to the application of precision agriculture to the area, both in correction and fertilization in previous years, which provided adequate or near adequate fertilization levels for soybean cultivation and the main crops used in rotation on the property. The data for total clay were biased, thus modeling of the semivariograms was done with the residues. Similarly, some of the soil chemical attributes were modeled from the residues, and in these cases, the semivariograms showed pure nugget effect, indicating that trend surface is the best spatial representation for them. Due to the low number of samples with nematodes, it was not possible to fit semivariograms adjusted for most trophic groups of nematodes of primary importance for the cultures used in the area. However, the most abundant nematode groups in the trophic structure were the parasites of plants (PP) and the Bacteriophage (B). The nematodes of primary importance found were Pratylenchus brachyurus in greater numbers, followed by Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne sp. In soybean and Pratylenchus zeae and Pratylenchus brachyurus in maize and millet. The analyses of chemical soil properties, indicated a tendency for P-rem at pivot 07, V (%), SB, P-rem, Mg2 +, CTC (T) and CTC (t) in the area of pivot 05, P-rem in the area of pivot 04, H+Al and pH in water in the area of pivot 03 and CTC (T), CTC (t) and P-rem in the area of pivot 02. Also, pure nugget effect was observed for H+Al, Al3+ , P, SB and V (%) in pivot area 02; K+, m (%) and P and V (%) in pivot area 03; Al3+, K+, m (%) P and the area of pivot 04; phosphorus in pivot area 06; Al3+ and m ( %) in pivot area 07; Al3+, Ca2+, CTC (T) CTC (t), K+, m (%), Mg2+, SB and V (%) in the area of pivot 08 and phosphorus (P) in the area of pivot 09. In pivot 05, Al3+, Ca2+, H+Al, K+, m (%) and P had spatial independence and the data did not adjust to any of the models. / O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de avaliar a distribuição espacial de nematoides, teor de argila e atributos químicos do solo com auxílio da geoestatística em área onde predomina cultivo de soja. Para isso, foram coletadas amostras de solo e raízes georeferenciadas de uma propriedade rural em Paracatu-MG e feitas análises químicas, físicas e nematológicas. A amostragem foi realizada na forma de malhas, coletando-se aproximadamente uma amostra por hectare em nove áreas de pivô central da propriedade de 831,01 ha. Em seguida montou-se semivariogramas e mapas de distribuição espacial por krigagem para os fatores avaliados. Observou-se a predominância dos modelos esférico e exponencial nos ajustes de semivariogramas de atributos químicos do solo, do exponencial para nematoides e para argila não foi possível identificar predominância de nenhum dos modelos. Houve independência espacial para vários atributos químicos do solo, o que pode estar associado com a aplicação de agricultura de precisão à área tanto na correção quando na adubação em anos anteriores, o que proporcionou teores adequados e próximos para o cultivo de soja e das principais culturas utilizadas em rotação na propriedade. Quanto à argila total, ocorreu tendência nos dados, sendo feita modelagem dos semivariogramas a partir dos resíduos encontrados para retirá-la. Fato similar foi constado para parte dos atributos químicos sendo que, nesses casos, os semivariogramas gerados a partir dos resíduos apresentaram efeito pepita puro, indicando que a superfície de tendência é a melhor representação espacial dessas variáveis. Devido ao baixo número de amostras com nematoides, não foi possível montar semivariogramas ajustados para a maioria dos grupos tróficos ou de fitonematoides de importância primária para as culturas utilizadas na área. No entanto, os grupos mais abundantes na estrutura trófica de nematoides foram o de Parasitos de Plantas (PP) e o de Bacteriófagos (B). Os fitonematoides de importância primária encontrados foram Pratylenchus brachyurus em maior número e Rotylenchulus reniformis e Meloidogyne sp., em menor número, para cultura da soja e Pratylenchus zeae e Pratylenchus brachyurus para as culturas do milho e do milheto. Quanto aos atributos químicos do solo, houve tendência para P-rem no pivô 07, V (%), SB, P-rem, Mg2+, CTC (T) e CTC (t) na área de pivô 05, P-rem na área de pivô 04, H + Al e pH em água na área de pivô 03 e CTC (T), CTC (t) e P-rem na área de pivô 02. Constatou-se ainda efeito pepita puro para H + Al, Al3+, P, SB e V (%) na área de pivô 02; K+, m (%), P e V (%) na área de pivô 03; Al3+, K+, m (%) e P na área de pivô 04; fósforo na área de pivô 06; Al3+ e m (%) na área de pivô 07; Al3+, Ca2+, CTC (T), CTC (t), K+, m (%), Mg2+, SB e V (%) na área de pivô 08 e fósforo (P) na área de pivô 09. Na área de pivô 05, para Al3+, Ca2+, H + Al, K+, m (%) e P observaram-se independência espacial e inadequação dos dados ao ajuste a qualquer modelo. / Mestre em Agronomia

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:32:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1676755 bytes, checksum: 2df7ed933bf4edc87e49ea0558d83114 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Geoestatistics stands out, mainly because it is an an interdisciplinary science that allows an exchange of information between geologists, petroleum engineers, mathematicians, statisticians and other professional groups thus enabling better interpretation of geological and environmental reality. Among the highlights Kriging techniques to Ordinary Kriging and Kriging Indicative. Where the first is a linear kriging predictor of timely considering the average unknown and incorporates in its formulation the procedure a weighted mobile, but what sets it apart is the fact that the weights are obtained taking into account the continuity represented by the semivariograma. The Indicative Kriging predictor is one that uses the technique of ordinary kriging or simple kriging of the data processed through a nonlinear function composed of binary 0 and 1. One of the great advantages of Kriging Indicative is the fact of being a nonparametric estimator that allows transform qualitative variables (presence or absence) or quantitative variables (according to a cutoff point of interest) and to estimate ranges of probability of occurrence of the variable. In agriculture, its use allows planning of soil correction of localized and identify management zones for rotation or intercropping. This paper aims to present a theoretical and practical study of the advantages and disadvantages of using the Kriging Indicative planning soil remediation technique for implantation of intercropping with banana cultivation of coffee, using data from soil chemical properties through samples collected at a farm cultivated with coffee in the city of Araponga - Zona da Mata Mineira. / A Geoestatística se destaca, principalmente por ser uma ciência interdisciplinar que permite uma troca de informações entre geólogos, engenheiros de petróleo, matemáticos, estatísticos e demais categorias profissionais possibilitando assim uma melhor interpretação da realidade geológica e ambiental. Dentre as técnicas de Krigagem destaca-se a Krigagem Ordinária e a Krigagem Indicativa. Em que a primeira é um preditor de Krigagem linear pontual que considera a média desconhecida e incorpora em sua formulação o procedimento de uma média ponderada móvel, porém o que a diferencia é o fato de que os pesos são obtidos levando em consideração a continuidade representada pelo semivariograma. A Krigagem Indicativa é um preditor que utiliza-se da técnica de Krigagem Ordinária ou de Krigagem Simples dos dados transformados por meio de uma função não linear binária composta por 0 e 1. Uma das grandes vantagens da Krigagem Indicativa reside no fato de ser um estimador não paramétrico que permite transformar variáveis qualitativas (presença ou ausência) ou variáveis quantitativas (de acordo com um ponto de corte de interesse) e estimar probabilidade de ocorrência da variável. Na agricultura, o seu uso permite fazer planejamento de correção do solo de forma localizada e identificar zonas de manejo para rotação ou consorciação de culturas. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo teóricoaplicado das vantagens e desvantagens no uso da Krigagem Indicativa para o planejamento de correção do solo para implantação da técnica de consorciação de cultivo de bananeira com o cultivo de café, utilizando dados de propriedades químicas do solo por meio de amostras coletadas em uma fazenda cultivada com café no Município de Araponga- Zona da Mata Mineira.

O Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. e o Hibiscus syriacus L., da família Malvaceae são utilizados na área ornamental, mas nos últimos anos vem ganhando espaço na área alimentícia como flores comestíveis. Alguns estudos demonstram o potencial antibacteriano destas variedades frente a diversos microrganismos e sobre sua composição nutricional e fitoquímica há poucas pesquisas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a intensidade de atividade de inibição (IINIB) e a inativação bacteriana (IINAB) in vitro dos dois extratos alcoólicos das flores dos hibiscos e a relação com os polifenóis e antocianinas, e quantificar os compostos nutricionais e bioativos comparados com a atividade antioxidante. Avaliou-se a ação antibacteriana frente às bactérias de interesse alimentar, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella Enteretidis resultando em diferenças significativas entre as médias dos valores arbitrários (IINIB/IINAB). Observou-se a resistência da primeira bactéria com a segunda respectivamente em ambos os extratos vegetais. O doseamento dos compostos fitoquímicos presentes constatou que as plantas possuem correlação com a atividade antibacteriana e as propriedades químicas demonstraram valores significativos do ponto de vista nutricional e detectou-se efeito relevante com a atividade antioxidante. / The Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. and Hibiscus syriacus L., Malvaceae the family are used in the ornamental area, but in recent years has been gaining ground in the food area as edible flowers. Some studies have demonstrated the antibacterial potential of these varieties against various microorganisms and on their nutritional composition and phytochemical little research. This study aimed to analyze the intensity of activity inhibition (IINIB) and bacterial inactivation (IINAB) in vitro of both alcoholic extracts of petals of flowers of hibiscus and relationship with polyphenols and anthocyanins, and quantify the nutritional and bioactive compounds compared with antioxidant activity. We evaluated the antibacterial action on the bacteria of food interest, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Enteretidis resulting in significant differences between the means of arbitrary values (IINIB/IINAB), where there was resistance from the first to the second bacterium in both extracts vegetables. The determination of phytochemical compounds found that plants have a correlation with the antibacterial activity and chemical properties showed significant amounts of nutritional standpoint and significant effect was detected with antioxidant activity.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-30T14:07:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO BATISTA QUEIROZ DE CARVALHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1975..pdf: 23722015 bytes, checksum: 8472b04995abaef083f89dbe9bba109e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-30T14:07:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO BATISTA QUEIROZ DE CARVALHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1975..pdf: 23722015 bytes, checksum: 8472b04995abaef083f89dbe9bba109e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1975-03 / 0 propósito desta dissertação foi estudar "algumas propriedades físico-químicas e de engenharia de uma argila orgânica" que forma parte do subsolo da cidade do Recife. As "amostras indeformadas" foram retira das do subsolo pelo uso de tubos de parede fina sem costura conhecidos por tubos tipo "Shelby". Os resultados dos ensaios de laboratório foram obtidos com amostras retiradas ao longo da camada de argila orgânica com intervalos de 1,0 metro. Os ensaios, teor de umidade de campo, limites de Atterberg, análise granulométrica , área específica , pH, composição mineralógica, adensamento e triaxial não consolidado não drenado, permitiram não somente o estudo do solo em função da profundidade mas também sua caracterização. O estudo mostra que a homogeneidade e uniformidade da "argila orgânica" é provavelmente função da variação do teor de matéria orgânica. O solo é caracterizado como uma "argila orgânica" com baixo teor de matéria orgânica finalmente dividida, apresentando alta plasticidade, composta predominantemente do argilo-mineral caulinita, normalmente adensada e de baixa sensibilidade. Análise de regressão linear foi usada para explorar possíveis correlações entre os valores dos diferentes ensaios realizados. Isto mostra que, dentro das limitações do estudo, existem correlações entre os parâmetros medidos. Propõe-se que estas correlações sejam usadas preliminarmente para avaliar as propriedades de engenhar i d do solo estudado. / The purpose of this dissertation was to study some physico-chemical and engineering properties of an "organic clay" which forms part of the soil profile underlying the city of Recife. Undisturbed specimens were recovered from the subsoil by the use of seamless, thin walled steel tubes known as "Shelby type tubes". Results during the laboratory testing programme were obtained from specimens recovered at 1 m intervals along the depth of the organic clay strata. Field moisture content, Atterberg limits, grain size distribution, specific gravity, specific surface, pH, minera1ogica1 analysis, consolidation and unconsolidated undrained triaxiol tests allowed not only the study of the soil as a function of depth but its characterization as well. The study shows that the homogeneity and uniformity of the "organic clay" is probably a function of the variation of organic matter content.- The soil is characterized as a: "soft organic clay with traces of highly divided inactive organic matter, exhibiting high plasticity, composed predominantly of kaolinite cl y mineral, normally consolidated and of low sensitivity". Linear regression analysis was used to explore possible correlations between the values of the different tests carried out. It is shown that, within the limitations of the study, statistical relations do exist between the parameters measured. It is proposed that these correlations may be used for preliminary evaluation of the engineering properties of the soil studied.

Viticulture in Rio Grande do Sul state occupies a prominent position in the national scenario, the sector accounts for about 60.2 % of the total cultivated area in the country. Vine cultivation has very important economic and social, as well as a production chain organized in the different producing regions. The aim of this study was to quantify the spatial variability of the chemical attributes of the grape must, chemical soil properties, vegetation indices and verify possible correlations between variables. The study area consisted of a vineyard with 3.09 ha of farming Bordô (Ives) grafted onto the rootstock Paulsen, located in the trough line, in the municipality of Sarandi - RS. In a mesh composed of 34 sampling points soil samples were collected in a depth range from 0 to 20 cm. Analyses were performed in the laboratory of soil analysis at the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), the chemical attributes analyzed were: clay; pH in H2O; SMP, P; K; organic matter; al; Here; mg; H + Al; CTC effective; CTC pH7; Base saturation; relationship between Ca and Mg; Zn; Cu; S and B. The analysis of grape must was held in the chemistry laboratory of the Federal Institute Farroupilha campus Panambi studied enological parameters were: total soluble solids; titratable acidity and pH in organic acid. The determination of vegetation indices was carried out in situ in the 34 sampling points with use of spectroradiometer. The data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and Geostatistics, using the computer program for such Geoestatistics for the Environmental Sciences (GS +), Pearson correlation coefficients were determined with the aid of Excel. Analysis of the spatial variability of the data was based on the experimental semivariogram and from adjusted models interpolation was performed by ordinary Kriging, Stochastic Simulation and map algebra. Only the figures for the amount of total soluble solids showed low values other chemical attributes must show proper values. The results of soil analysis identified low concentrations of B and organic matter and high for the other attributes. From the overall analysis of the statistical dependence between variables, there was no significant correlations between the chemical properties of grape must and the other variables, unlike the segmented analysis according to the different harvest dates. The spatial dependence index of most chemical properties of soil studied was considered strong, only the attributes, Cu, Effective CTC CTC in pH7 and Clay did not present spatial dependence structure. Vegetation indices, except TVI2 showed strong spatial dependency ratio. Chemical attributes of the grape must, the concentration of soluble solids did not present spatial dependence structure, while others showed strong spatial dependence. In the result of map algebra the middle class of titratable acidity in organic acid added to middle class NDVI was representing the highest. / A viticultura no estado do Rio Grande do Sul ocupa uma posição de destaque no cenário nacional, o setor responde por aproximadamente 60,2% do total da área cultivada no país. O cultivo da videira tem grande importância econômica e social, além de uma cadeia produtiva organizada nas diversas regiões produtoras. O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar a quantificação da variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos do mosto da uva, dos atributos químicos do solo, dos índices de vegetação e verificar as possíveis correlações entre as variáveis estudadas. A área de estudo foi composta por um vinhedo com 3,09 ha da cultivar Bordô (Ives) enxertada sobre o porta enxerto Paulsen, situado na linha Cocho, no município de Sarandi - RS. Em uma malha constituída por 34 pontos amostrais foram coletadas amostras de solo numa faixa de profundidade de 0 a 20 cm. As análises foram realizadas no laboratório de análises de solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), os atributos químicos analisados foram: argila; pH em H2O; Índice SMP; P; K; matéria orgânica; Al; Ca; Mg; H+Al; CTC efetiva; CTC em pH7; Saturação por bases; relação entre Ca e Mg; Zn; Cu; S e B. A análise do mosto da uva foi realizado no laboratório de química do Instituto Federal Farroupilha campus Panambi, os parâmetros enológicos estudados foram: sólidos solúveis totais; acidez total titulável em ácido orgânico e pH. A determinação dos índices de vegetação foi realizada in situ nos 34 pontos amostrais com uso de espectrorradiômetro. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e Geostatística, utilizando-se para tal o programa computacional Geoestatistics for the Environmental Sciences (GS+), os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson foram determinados com auxílio do programa Excel. A análise da variabilidade espacial dos dados foi realizada com base nos semivariogramas experimentais e a partir dos modelos ajustados foi realizada interpolação por Krigagem ordinária, Simulação Estocástica e álgebra de mapas. Apenas os valores referentes a quantidade de sólidos solúveis totais apresentaram valores baixos os demais atributos químicos do mosto apresentaram valores adequados. Os resultados das análises de solo identificaram baixas concentrações para B e matéria orgânica e altas para os demais atributos. A partir da análise global da dependência estatística entre as variáveis estudadas, observou-se não haver correlações significativas entre os atributos químicos do mosto da uva e as demais variáveis, diferentemente da análise segmentada de acordo com as diferentes datas de colheita. O índice de dependência espacial da maioria dos atributos químicos de solo estudados foi considerado forte, apenas os atributos, Cu, CTC Efetiva, CTC em pH7 e Argila não apresentaram estrutura de dependência espacial. Os índices de vegetação, com exceção do TVI2, apresentaram índice de dependência espacial forte. Dos atributos químicos do mosto da uva, a concentração de sólidos solúveis totais não apresentou estrutura de dependência espacial, enquanto os demais apresentaram forte dependência espacial. No resultado da álgebra de mapas a classe média da acidez titulável em ácido orgânico, somada a classe média do NDVI foi a que representou o maior percentual da área.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-12-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:20:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 guimaraes_am_dr_botfca.pdf: 960847 bytes, checksum: a716ab7dc09b4f9f246b403c778558b1 (MD5) / Essa tese apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de mineração de dados baseado na técnica de computação evolucionária denominada Algoritmos Genéticos. O sistema resultante, de nome MinAG, realiza a tarefa de classificação de dados contínuos e destina-se a minerar dados físico-químicos do solo e da água. Os padrões de comportamento dos atributos minerados são apresentados no formato SE-ENTÃO, facilitando a compreensão da informação descoberta. Foram definidos alguns requerimentos e restrições para o uso desse sistema relacionados às características do arquivo de dados possível de ser minerado. O MinAG adota o conceito de computação em grid, o que propicia para que mais e melhores resultados sejam obtidos. Os testes realizados permitiram concluir que o sistema executou as tarefas definidas para o mesmo e gerou resultados corretos ao minerar as bases de dados a que se propôs, atingindo, portanto os objetivos dessa tese. Foram realizados dois estudos de casos. No primeiro foi utilizada uma base de dados brasileira sobre dados físico-químicos do solo obtidos por equipamentos de agricultura de precisão na região de Campos Novos Paulista - SP. No segundo estudo de caso usou-se uma base de dados de qualidade de água do estado da Flórida - EUA. Em ambos os casos o sistema foi capaz de atingir seu objetivo encontrando padrões de comportamento nos dados. Pode-se concluir que o sistema MinAG apresenta-se como uma nova maneira de analisar a correlação entre os elementos físico-químicos do solo e da água. Esse sistema não deve ser entendido como um substituto de métodos de análise tradicionais, como a estatística. Sua função é servir como uma ferramenta adicional na geração de informações para auxílio à compreensão do comportamento existente nos dados. / This thesis presents the data mining system development based on an evolutionary computation technique named Genetic Algorithms. The MinAG system performs the continuous data classification task and mines water and soil physico-chemical datasets. The patterns discovered by mining the attributes are presented using the IF-THEN rule format. It makes it easier to understand the information discovered. Some requirements and restrictions related to the dataset features were defined in order to use the system. MinAG adopts the grid computing concept in order to produce more and better results. By the evaluation system, it was possible to conclude that it is able to perform the proposed tasks and produces correct results when mining the datasets. Therefore, the system reached the thesis goals. Two case studies were performed. In the first one, a Brazilian dataset related to soil physico-chemical properties was used. The data was obtained in Campos Novos Paulista - SP by Precision Agriculture equipment. In the second case study, a Florida - USA water quality dataset was utilized. The system discovered behavior patterns achieving the goals in both cases. The MinAG system presents a new way to analyse the correlation between the water and soil physico-chemical attributes. This system is not a substitute for traditional methods such as statistics. In fact, it is an auxiliary tool to generate information in order to help understand the behavior between data.