Die Konferenz »Entwerfen – Entwickeln – Erleben« bietet ein be­sonderes Podium zum Austausch von Wissenschaftlern und Praxis­vertretern aus den zentralen Bereichen der Produktentwicklung. Der vorliegende Band enthält Beiträge der EEE2014 unter anderem zu Innovationsstudien und Zukunftskonzepten für verschiedenste Bran­chen, zu Design Thinking und Designprozessen von frühen Phasen bis zum Qualitätsmanagement, Methoden und Werkzeugen von Mindcards bis Eye-Tracking sowie zu den Themen User Experience und Nutzererleben, Öko-Design, Universal Design und partizipative Gestaltung. Die Technischen Universität Dresden und technischesdesign.org er­möglichten in Kooperation mit der Gruppe Virtuelle Produktentwick­lung der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Produktentwicklung (WiGeP), dem Mathematisch-Physikalischen Salon der Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen Dresden und der Hochschule für Bildende Küns­te Dresden die fachübergreifende Diskussion des Schwerpunkt-The­mas inmitten der Dresdner Altstadt. In diesem Band sind die Bei­träge zum Technischen Design enthalten, ein weiterer Band (http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-144963, herausgegeben von Ralph Stelzer) fasst die Beiträge zur Konstruktionstechnik und zur Virtuellen Produktentwick­lung zusammen.

[pt] De grande importância para pesquisa científica, o software científico se mostra, por vezes, desafiador no que se refere ao design de interfaces com o usuário. Por outro lado, a gamificação se oferece como potencial solução em questões de experiência com o usuário e interatividade. Nesta tese, desenvolvemos um método para a gamificação de software científico voltado para processos de design colaborativo, orientado por um modelo baseado em jogo, informado por aspectos de uso e desenvolvimento deste tipo de software e, também, por aspectos similares ao jogo na prática científica. / [en] Vastly important to scientific research, scientific software is often challenging regarding the design of its user interfaces. On the other hand, gamification is seen as a potential solution in matters of user experience and interactivity. In this thesis, we develop a method for the gamification of scientific software aimed at collaborative design processes, guided by a game-based model, informed by aspects of use and development of that type of software and, also by game-like aspects of scientific practice.

[pt] Esta tese investiga a ação do designer que atua em contextos sociais de conflito e marginalizados para promover e potenciar processos locais de Inovação Social através de experiências participativas e da estratégia de Design. Por isto, em primeiro lugar, foi desenvolvida uma revisão teórica com relação ao âmbito da contribuição social do Design, às abordagens e práticas mais conhecidas e ao contexto selecionado. Este momento foi preparatório para a fase subsequente de pesquisa que consistiu na implementação de um projeto de Design participativo em uma favela carioca em colaboração com uma ONG local. Ao longo da pesquisa de campo foram coletados dados usando como estratégia a observação participante. Em seguida, os dados foram analisados, sendo identificadas duas macro categorias de investigação, que são fundamentais para o tipo de ação de Design considerada. Trata-se do tempo e dos parceiros de projetos e interesses locais. Ambas foram depois verificadas, compreendidas e detalhadas através de entrevistas com designers e de uma nova fase de revisão teórica. Tudo isso permitiu chegar aos resultados de pesquisa: foram levantadas duas questões que podem influenciar o processo de Design, obstaculizá-lo ou até impedi-lo. Em primeiro lugar, o tempo apresentou-se com um elemento determinante no desenvolvimento de um projeto, capaz de favorecê-lo ou obstaculizá-lo. De fato, podem ocorrer divergências temporais entre o designer e o processo de Design, o contexto e os parceiros de projeto. Em segundo lugar surgiu a influência das forças contextuais exercidas pelos atores locais - e baseadas em interesses e agendas internas - sobre as ações do designer e a sua relação com a estrutura da rede de projeto. Os resultados de pesquisa sugerem que: (1) os fatores contextuais podem influenciar o processo de Design no desenvolvimento de projetos participativos que visam promover processos locais de Inovação Social; (2) a ação do designer em experiências participativas que visam a Inovação Social pode se beneficiar de abordagens que consideram os fatores contextuais; (3) as metodologias e ferramentas desenvolvidas até então para a atuação do designer no âmbito social não são suficientes para a ação. Por fim, a partir disso, a tese promove uma reflexão sobre a proposta de um Design social eficaz e a atual formação em Design neste âmbito. / [en] The thesis investigates the designer s action in conflict and marginalized social contexts aimed at promoting and enhancing local Social Innovation processes through participatory experiences and the Design strategy. Firstly, a theoretical review of the social contribution of Design, of the best-known approaches and practices, and of the selected context was developed. This moment had been preparatory for a subsequent phase of applied research that occurred with the implementation of a participatory Design project inside a Rio de Janeiro slum in collaboration with a local NGO. During field research data were collected through participatory observation. Their later analysis led to identify two key research macro-categories - time, and Design partners and local interests – that were verified and better understood through some interviews with designers and a new phase of theoretical review. All this led to research results: two main issues that may influence, impede or hinder the development of this kind of project were identified. Firstly, time appeared as a fundamental element in project development, able to promote or prevent it. In fact, temporal divergences between the designer and the Design process, between the context and the Design partners may occur. Secondly, the influence of the forces exerted by local actors - and based on interests and inner agendas - on the designer s actions emerged as well as its relation to the project network structure. Research results indicate that: (1) contextual factors may influence the Design process in participatory projects aiming at promoting local Social Innovation processes; (2) the designer s action in participatory experiences may benefit of approaches that consider contextual factors; (3) the methodologies and tools that have been developed to support designer s work in the social field are not enough for action. Finally, this thesis promotes a reflection about the widespread idea of an efficient Social Design practice and about Design education in this area.

La littérature contient une abondance d’information sur les approches de design impliquant les utilisateurs. Bien que les chercheurs soulèvent de nombreux avantages concernant ces approches, on en sait peu sur ce que les concepteurs des entreprises en pensent. Ce projet a pour but de connaître les perceptions des concepteurs de produits quant aux outils de design participatif puis, d’identifier les opportunités et limites qu’ils évoquent à ce sujet, et finalement, de faire des suggestions d’outils qui faciliteraient l’introduction du design participatif dans un processus de design existant. Après avoir fait un survol du domaine du design participatif et de ses outils, six cas sont étudiés au moyen d’entrevues semi-dirigées conduites auprès de concepteurs de produits. Les données sont analysées à l’aide de cartes cognitives. En ce qui concerne les outils de design participatif, les participants rencontrés perçoivent un accès direct aux besoins des utilisateurs et la possibilité de minimiser les erreurs en début de processus donc, d’éviter les modifications coûteuses qu’elles auraient entraînées. Les obstacles perçus par les concepteurs sont principalement liés à la résistance au changement, à la crainte de laisser créer ou décider les utilisateurs, ainsi qu’au manque de temps et de ressources de l’équipe. Finalement, sur la base des informations collectées, nous suggérons quatre outils de design participatif qui semblent plus intéressants : l’enquête contextuelle, les sondes, les tests de prototypes et l’approche « lead user ». Pour faire suite à ce travail, il serait intéressant d’élaborer un protocole de recherche plus exhaustif pour augmenter la portée des résultats, ou encore, d’appliquer le design participatif, dans une entreprise, afin d’explorer la satisfaction des gens quant aux produits conçus, les effets collatéraux sur les équipes impliquées, l’évolution des prototypes ou le déroulement des ateliers. / Many approaches were developed to foster user involvement in design activities and the amount of data pertaining to this field is substantial. However, we know little about what designers think about these methods. This research aims at knowing how designers perceive the methods used in participatory design including the opportunities and limits they identify regarding these approaches and finally, suggest a set of tools to implement user participation in a design process. After presenting an overview of the participatory design domain and its tools, six cases are studied using semi-structured interviews with designers. Data is analysed using mind maps. Concerning participatory design tools, the designers perceive, a possible means to minimise errors in the front end of the design process thus avoiding costly changes in the end. The limits they perceive come from resistance to change and reluctance to share the creative and decisive parts of the process with users. Moreover, the lack of time and resources are reported to be a limitation by many. Finally, based on the information collected, four methods are chosen as being more interesting: contextual inquiry, probes, prototype testing and the lead user approach. Continuing this work would imply creating a more exhaustive research protocol involving more participants to extend the scope of the results or, applying participatory design and looking into people’s satisfaction towards the resulting products, collateral effects on the teams involved, prototype evolution through the process or workshops progress.

No description available.

L’objectif principal de cette thèse est l’étude de propriétés dynamiques et de méthodes de conception et synthèse des algorithmes de contrôle-commande des systèmes dans le cas où les fonctions de mesures, actionnements et contrôles sont distribuées sur des organes de calcul pouvant être partagés avec d’autres applications et connectés sur un réseau de communication numérique. En conséquence, les boucles de contrôle sont en compétition avec d’autres applications pour accéder aux ressources de calcul et de communication de capacité limitée et gérées par des politiques spécifiques. Ceci provoque l’apparition de délais et de perte d’informations transmises entre les différents nœuds qui peuvent dégrader les performances des systèmes et conduire à leur instabilité.Dans une première partie de la thèse, nous avons étudié l’analyse des performances de certains systèmes ainsi que la conception de contrôleurs robustes en fonction de la qualité de service fournie par le réseau. Cette étude a permis de spécifier les règles de conception de contrôleurs.Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons présenté une approche de conception conjointe intégrant les résultats obtenus dans les deux domaines: la synthèse et la conception des algorithmes de contrôle et l’ordonnancement de tâches temps réel qui partagent des ressources limitées. La technique proposée repose sur le changement de la période d’activation de l’algorithme de contrôle, et en conséquence le modèle du système devient un modèle échantillonné à taux variable. Les résultats proposés, en considérant l’algèbre de Lie des matrices d’évolution, permettent de calculer des contrôleurs adaptifs aux périodes qui stabilisent tous le système / The main contributions of this thesis are related to the analysis, synthesis and design of control systems sharing communication and computational resources. The research focuses on control systems where the feedback loops are closed over communication networks which transmit the information provided to its nodes by sensors, actuators and controllers. The shared resource in this scenario is the network. Some of the results are valid when the resource is a processor locally placed respect to several controller executing their algorithms on it. In any of the preceding scenarios, the control loops must contend for the shared resource. The limited capacity of the resource can cause delays and packet losses when information is transmitted. These effects can degrade the control system performance and even destabilize it.The first part of this thesis contributes to the performance analysis of specific classes of systems and to the design of robust controllers for network characteristics modeled by Quality of Service parameters. A series of methods to assist the control systems engineer are provided.In the second part, a contribution to the CoDesign approach is made via the integration of control system synthesis and design techniques with rules allowing to define the communication policy to manage real-time tasks sharing a limited resource. Putting in correspondence a scheduling of instances of the controller tasks with their sampling periods, the proposed policy results in discrete-time varying systems. The stabilization problem of these systems is solved with methods based on the solvability of Lie-algebras. Specifically, the proposed methodology provides adaptive controllers

Submitted by Kamila Costa (kamilavasconceloscosta@gmail.com) on 2015-06-15T21:23:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-Alessandro B Trindade.pdf: 1833454 bytes, checksum: 132beb74daa71e138bbfcdc0dcf5b174 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-16T15:00:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-Alessandro B Trindade.pdf: 1833454 bytes, checksum: 132beb74daa71e138bbfcdc0dcf5b174 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-16T15:02:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-Alessandro B Trindade.pdf: 1833454 bytes, checksum: 132beb74daa71e138bbfcdc0dcf5b174 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-16T15:02:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-Alessandro B Trindade.pdf: 1833454 bytes, checksum: 132beb74daa71e138bbfcdc0dcf5b174 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-09 / Não Informada / When performing hardware/software co-design for embedded systems, does emerge the problem of allocating properly which functions of the system should be implemented in hardware (HW) or in software (SW). This problem is known as HW/SW partitioning and in the last ten years, a significant research effort has been carried out in this area. In this proposed project, we present two new approaches to solve the HW/SW partitioning problem by using SMT-based verification techniques, and comparing the results using the traditional technique of Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and a modern method of optimization by Genetic Algorithm (GA). The goal is to show with experimental results that model checking techniques can be effective, in particular cases, to find the optimal solution of the HW/SW partitioning problem using a state-of-the-art model checker based on Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers, when compared to the traditional techniques. / Quando se realiza um coprojeto de hardware/software para sistemas embarcados, emerge o problema de se decidir qual função do sistema deve ser implementada em hardware (HW) ou em software (SW). Este tipo de problema recebe o nome de particionamento de HW/SW. Na última década, um esforço significante de pesquisa tem sido empregado nesta área. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas duas novas abordagens para resolver o problema de particionamento de HW/SW usando técnicas de verificação formal baseadas nas teorias do módulo da satisfabilidade (SMT). São comparados os resultados obtidos com a tradicional técnica de programação linear inteira (ILP) e com o método moderno de otimização por algoritmo genético (GA). O objetivo é demonstrar, com os resultados empíricos, que as técnicas de verificação de modelos podem ser efetivas, em casos particulares, para encontrar a solução ótima do problema de particionamento de HW/SW usando um verificador de modelos baseado no solucionador SMT, quando comparado com técnicas tradicionais.

Les travaux présentés dans ce document sont orientés vers la vérification formelle de propriétés de sûreté dans le cadre de la conception des systèmes enfouis. Nous nous plaçons dans le formalisme du modèle polyédrique, combinaison des systèmes d'équations récurrentes affines avec les polyèdes entiers. Ce modèle permet de faire de la synthèse de haut niveau pour générer des architectures parallèles à partir de la description d'un système régulier dont les dimensions sont définies par des paramètres symboliques. Nous nous intéressons à la vérification de propriétés de sûreté portant sur des signaux booléens de contrôle, générés ou introduits manuellement lors de la synthèse. Les propriétés sur de tels signaux seront appelées propriétés de contrôle. Nous montrons dans ce document que le modèle polyédrique est adapté pour la vérification formelle de propriétés de contrôle.<br /> Dans ce travail, nous développons une "logique polyédrique" qui nous permet de spécifier et prouver des propriétés dans le modèle polyédrique. La syntaxe et la sémantique des formules logiques s'appuient sur celles d'un langage de description de systèmes d'équations récurrentes affines sur des domaines polyédriques. Les règles de déduction sont de différents types : des règles "classiques" sur les connecteurs logiques, des règles de réécriture et des règles induites par des calculs dans le modèle. Nous développons des algorithmes pour automatiser la construction des preuves, ainsi que des techniques heuristiques permettant d'accélérer cette construction. Ces algorithmes nous permettent de prouver des propriétés simples, comme par exemple la propriété qu'un signal vaut toujours vrai pour un ensemble de processeurs et une durée déterminés. Nous présentons ensuite et commençons à développer des pistes afin d'enrichir notre logique pour exprimer des propriétés plus complexes, comme par exemple des propriétés d'exclusion mutuelle. Nous présentons quelques tactiques de preuve pour ces propriétés plus riches.

This master thesis presents an exploration of participatory workshops. It focuses on how these may involve a design project’s various stakeholders, and take the design process further by joint activities of mutual learning. The main concern addressed in the thesis is how participatory workshops may be designed and carried through, together with companies working with design. The aim of the exploration is to gain an understanding of the various steps of the design and implementation of workshops, and also how these steps interact during the process. The exploration is mainly based on the design and implementation of three different workshops: One workshop was designed on behalf of a design consultancy as part of the phase of concept, in an ongoing design project about cleaning products. Afterwards the team worked on ideas based on the winning concepts from this workshop. A second workshop was designed for a working team at a company of wood floor production, in order to identify what future steps to take. The outcome emphasized what the team needed as well as desired to be working on next. In collaboration with the same wood floor producer, a third workshop was also designed as a part of the company’s design competition. This workshop aimed to making the competitors share their personal experiences of the theme of the competition. The workshop resulted in a joint creation of understanding and knowledge about the company’s demands and desires of the new product. In order to broaden my perspective on the method, I carried out a number of interviews, for example with MiL Institute, who is working with management training and coaching, and with Ordrum, who offers training in communication. To support mutual learning in the workshops, aspects of knowledge and learning are additionally included in the study. The exploration shows the advantage of using prepared ambiguous materials as part of the framework of a workshop, for supporting divergent thinking; individual and collective storytelling; diversity of ideas; and collaboration between people. Additionally the exploration indicates that people’s involvement in participatory workshops may create more responsibility of the design, through the experience of a shared ownership of the process. Moreover, it points out the challenge of working co-creationally in design work, also through the design process of workshops.

La estimación y verificación de las prestaciones de los diseños de sistemas embebidos de la forma más rápida posible al principio del proceso de diseño es un hito de gran importancia. Por ello, esta tesis propone una nueva solución basada en simulación por anotación de código fuente, que a costa de algo de precisión, permite realizar simulaciones muy rápidas con un mínimo esfuerzo de diseño. La primera tarea realizada en esta tesis ha sido extender el lenguaje SystemC para incluir primitivas de un sistema operativo de tiempo real(RTOS) que permiten la ejecución y el refinado de módulos software. La segunda parte de la tesis se ha centrado en la generación de una librería capaz de obtener datos dinámicamente sobre las prestaciones temporales de dichos sistemas a partir del código fuente, para poder verificar el cumplimiento de las características requeridas. Junto con los elementos SW se han desarrollado componentes SystemC de alto nivel capaces de modelar los elementos principales de un sistema embebido, como buses, memorias, redes de comunicaciones, etc. Por último se han desarrollado los componentes necesarios para poder incluir toda esta infraestructura en procesos de exploración automática del proceso de diseño, de forma que en base a descripciones iniciales del sistema en formato XML. La infraestructura de simulación y estimación de rendimiento ha sido desarrollada y probada en diversos proyectos europeos. / Estimating and verifying system performance of embedded designs at the beginning of the design process is a very important task. Fast estimation tools are required in order to evaluate different design possibilities, such as HW/SW partitioning or resource allocation, to verify the fulfillment of the system constraints, or to support design space exploration flows. In this context, the thesis proposes a tool capable of simulating embedded systems using source code annotation. As a consequence, fast estimations are obtained with minimal design effort, obtaining an adequate accuracy. For developing such tool several tasks has been performed. First, the SystemC language has been extended to provide the designer with a model of a real-time operating system. This model enables the correct simulation, scheduling and debugging of embedded SW. The second element added is an infrastructure capable of estimating and annotating performance information for each basic block in the source code. This infrastructure enables obtaining timed simulations of the SW. Additionally generic TLM elements have been developed to enable creating models of the HW platforms. Finally, additional components has been developed to use the proposed tool in a complete Design Space Exploration flow. The simulation infrastructure has been developed and checked in several European projects, and in collaboration with private companies.