許多新概念或新技術的擴散通常不僅耗時甚長、擴散範圍十分廣泛，再加上社會網路在其中扮演了重要的角色，使得創新擴散本質上就屬於一種動態、非線性的複雜現象，事實上，近來研究發現，創新擴散的諸多特徵，包括「動態、非線性的複雜行為」，「正向回饋的自我組織現象」，以及「對初始狀態一些微小因素的敏感度」等，都與複雜理論中所強調「複雜系統」中的諸多特徵不謀而合。 另一方面，近來創新擴散研究逐漸將擴散視為一個創新者與採用者雙向互動的傳播過程，在擴散過程中，創新的演化與成員間的動態互動成為主要焦點。過去的擴散研究較少討論個體與總體層次間的結構化過程，亦即成員如何互動而產生系統層次的創新秩序，而系統層次的創新結果又如何進一步影響成員的互動，而複雜理論正好可以提供跨層次架構來回應此一理論缺口。 因此，本論文的研究問題包括以下兩者：一、由複雜理論觀點來看，概念型創新擴散的動態過程為何？二、由複雜觀點來看，在概念型創新的擴散過程中，相關因素如何影響創新擴散的動態過程？這些因素間存在何種互動與回饋關係？承上所述，本研究的範圍界定為「概念型創新」，在此「概念型創新」指的是近似於典範的一種具有複雜多元內涵的創新。 在研究方法上，本論文採用序列性多元方法的研究設計。利用歷史法、實驗法與個案法三種研究方法，針對相同的兩項問題，總共進行三項實證性研究，透過「質性方法--量化方法--質性方法」三種研究方法的截長補短，提高本研究的理論效度。 研究一利用歷史研究法對蒙特梭利教學法的擴散過程進行研究，將蒙特梭利教學法的擴散分為三階段，透過三階段成功、失敗與成功三種不同結果，發現不同的初始狀態變數情況，主要是再創造可能性與體制開放與自由度，將導致創新擴散的不同結果。研究二新概念擴散實驗進行兩階段實驗設計，操弄五項自變數進行重複多因子實驗，共取得二十八個實驗數據；比較不同變數情境與採用結果，除了驗證初始狀態變數對創新擴散的影響外，也發現自變數間存在明顯的交互關係。研究三進行蝴蝶蘭產業創新擴散個案研究，比較台糖進入蝴蝶蘭產業前後的創新擴散過程，以及蝴蝶蘭、嘉德利雅蘭，以及國蘭三種蘭屬的發展過程。隨著三項實證研究的進行，變數內涵逐漸豐富化，證據力也進一步強化。在研究三結束後得到修正後的觀念性架構，成為本論文的結論。 在結論部分，本研究有三大主張。首先，系統的初始狀態，包括創新導入者的網路位置、體制自由與開放性、再創造可能性、創新內涵豐富性、擴散誘因與採用人數等六項因素，將影響創新擴散成功的可能性。其次，創新擴散過程中包含許多的演化與正向回饋機制。最後，創新擴散是一個自我組織的過程，系統秩序從低一層次成員之間的互動自然突現，而非走向無序；但在自我組織過程中，秩序的出現有賴於中央協調機制（標準版本）；同時系統需要不斷輸入的能源，使其維持在自我組織行為出現的臨界點之上，這些能源通常來自於新採用者所帶來的量與質的效果。 / This dissertation applies a new perspective, complexity theory, to discuss the diffusion of “conceptual innovation”. Here conceptual innovation indicates a paradigm-like innovation with various content. By using “metaphor”, I treat diffusion as a self-organization process, and adopted important concepts from complexity theory, such as initial conditions, positive feedback, and self-organization, and then develop a dynamic process model of innovation diffusion. In this dissertation, a multi-method research design is adopted. To draw on the strength of each and offset the weakness of the others, three empirical studies were conducted. First study, the pilot study of this dissertation, is concerning the diffusion process of Montessori method, in which the different result of three diffusion stages was compared. Second, a laboratory experimental study simulating diffusion process of a new concept has been conducted. In each experiment, a new concept was announced and counted the number of adopters. Each experiment has different scenario design that is one specific combination of all variables, and then the number of adopters was compared. Third, the diffusion process of Phalaenopsis (Moth Orchid) industrial innovations was studied, in which the development process of early/late stage and three category orchids was compared. This dissertation concludes with the following findings. First, innovation diffusion is a dynamic, nonlinear complex process; factors in initial conditions will influence the result of innovation diffusion. Secondly, evolution and positive feedback effects work continuously all through the diffusion process. Finally, diffusion of conceptual innovation is a self-organization process, which depends on energy injecting into the system continuously and the existence of central coordination mechanism in the system.

Combinatorial optimization include such tasks as finding the quickest route to work, scheduling jobs to specialists, and placing bus stops so as to minimize commuter times. We consider problems where one is given a collection of constraints with the objective of finding an assignment satisfying as many constraints as possible, also known as Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). Most CSPs are NP-hard to solve optimally and we turn to approximations - a solution is said to be a factor-c approximation if its satisfies at least c times the optimal number of constraints. This thesis presents new results on the approximation limits of CSPs in various settings. In ordering CSPs, one is given constraints which specify the relative order of items, and the objective is order the items so as to satisfy as many constraints as possible. We give improved approximation hardness results for two classical problems: it is NP-hard to approximate Maximum Acyclic Subgraph with a factor better than 14/15 and Maximum Betweenness with a factor better than 1/2. We present ordering problems which are NP-hard to approximate better than random assignments, and that there are ordering problems arbitrarily hard to approximate. Next, Gaussian elimination can efficiently find exact solutions for satisfiable collections of so-called parity constraints. We show that whenever constraints accept at least one assignment in addition to a parity, then the problem is NP-hard to approximate better than random assignments. Finally, we study the uselessness property which basically states that if one is given a collection where almost all constraints are simultaneously satisfiable and one is permitted to relax the constraints to accept or reject additional assignments, then it is still NP-hard to find solutions noticeably better than random assignments. We consider the setting where all variables appear unnegated and provide the first examples of non-trivially useless predicates assuming only P != NP. / Kombinatoriska optimering inkluderar naturliga uppgifter såsom att hitta den snabbaste vägen till sitt arbetet, att schemalägga jobb hos specialister, eller att placera hållplatser för att minimera resenärers restid.Vi begränsar vi oss till de problem i vilket man ges en samling vilkor på variablermed målet att hitta en tilldelning av variablerna uppfyllandes så många som möjligt av vilkoren;så kallade Vilkorsuppfyllningsproblem (eng: Constraint Satisfaction Problems, CSPs).De flesta CSPs är NP-svåra att lösa optimalt och vi beaktar istället approximationer. Specifikt kallas, för 0 &lt;= c &lt;= 1, en lösning för en faktor-c approximation om antalet vilkor uppfyllda av lösningen är minst cgånger det största antalet uppfyllda av någon läsning. Denna avhandling består av tre artiklar som presenterar nya resultat begränsande hurpass väl man kan approximera CSPs i diverse situationer.För paritetsvilkor är en samling konsistenta vilkor enkla att lösa genom Gausselimination. Vi visar att för samtliga vilkor som uppfylls av en paritet och åtminstonde en ytterliggare tilldelning så är det inte bara NP-svårt at lösa utan till och med att ge en icke-trivial approximation.Oanvändarbarhet är en stark svårighetsegenskap som i princip säger att det är NP-svårt att ge icke-triviala approximationer även när man gemensamt för alla vilkor får ändra vad som uppfyller dem eller inte. Vi ger de första exemplen på icke-trivialt oanvändbara vilkor utan negationer betingat endast på P != NP.Vi visar på approximerbarhet för diverse ordningsvilorsproblem. I dessa ges man vilkor på hur objekt ska vara ordnade relativt varandra och målet är att hitta en ordning som uppfyller så många av vilkoren som möjligt. Vi ger bättre svårighetsresultat för de två mest välkända ordningsproblem, visar att det finns problem där det är NP-svårt att approximera bättre än triviala strategier, och att det finns ordningsproblem där godtyckligt dåliga approximationsgarantier är NP-svåra. / <p>NADA är en delad institution mellan SU och KTH där senare nu kallar den CSC.</p> / ApproxNP

Die Theorie disjunkter NP-Paare, die auf natürliche Weise statt einzelner Sprachen Paare von NP-Mengen zum Objekt ihres Studiums macht, ist vor allem wegen ihrer Anwendungen in der Kryptografie und Beweistheorie interessant. Im Zentrum dieser Dissertation steht die Analyse der Beziehung zwischen disjunkten NP-Paaren und aussagenlogischen Beweissystemen. Haben die Anwendungen der NP-Paare in der Beweistheorie maßgeblich das Verständnis aussagenlogischer Beweissysteme gefördert, so beschreiten wir in dieser Arbeit gewissermaßen den umgekehrten Weg, indem wir Methoden der Beweistheorie zur genaueren Untersuchung des Verbands disjunkter NP-Paare heranziehen. Insbesondere ordnen wir jedem Beweissystem P eine Klasse DNPP(P) von NP-Paaren zu, deren Disjunktheit in dem Beweissystem P mit polynomiell langen Beweisen gezeigt werden kann. Zu diesen Klassen DNPP(P) zeigen wir eine Reihe von Resultaten, die illustrieren, dass robust definierten Beweissystemen sinnvolle Komplexitätsklassen DNPP(P) entsprechen. Als wichtiges Hilfsmittel zur Untersuchung aussagenlogischer Beweissysteme und der daraus abgeleiteten Klassen von NP-Paaren benutzen wir die Korrespondenz starker Beweissysteme zu erststufigen arithmetischen Theorien, die gemeinhin unter dem Schlagwort beschränkte Arithmetik zusammengefasst werden. In der Praxis trifft man statt auf zwei häufig auf eine größere Zahl konkurrierender Bedingungen. Daher widmen wir uns der Erweiterung der Theorie disjunkter NP-Paare auf disjunkte Tupel von NP-Mengen. Unser Hauptergebnis in diesem Bereich besteht in der Charakterisierung der Fragen nach der Existenz optimaler Beweissysteme und vollständiger NP-Paare mit Hilfe disjunkter Tupel. / Disjoint NP-pairs are an interesting complexity theoretic concept with important applications in cryptography and propositional proof complexity. In this dissertation we explore the connection between disjoint NP-pairs and propositional proof complexity. This connection is fruitful for both fields. Various disjoint NP-pairs have been associated with propositional proof systems which characterize important properties of these systems, yielding applications to areas such as automated theorem proving. Further, conditional and unconditional lower bounds for the separation of disjoint NP-pairs can be translated to results on lower bounds to the length of propositional proofs. In this way disjoint NP-pairs have substantially contributed to the understanding of propositional proof systems. Conversely, this dissertation aims to transfer proof-theoretic knowledge to the theory of NP-pairs to gain a more detailed understanding of the structure of the class of disjoint NP-pairs and in particular of the NP-pairs defined from propositional proof systems. For a proof system P we introduce the complexity class DNPP(P) of all disjoint NP-pairs for which the disjointness of the pair is efficiently provable in the proof system P. We exhibit structural properties of proof systems which make the previously defined canonical NP-pairs of these proof systems hard or complete for DNPP(P). Moreover, we demonstrate that non-equivalent proof systems can have equivalent canonical pairs and that depending on the properties of the proof systems different scenarios for DNPP(P) and the reductions between the canonical pairs exist. As an important tool for our investigation we use the connection of propositional proof systems and disjoint NP-pairs to theories of bounded arithmetic.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Siqueira Rosseto Salotti.pdf: 2748983 bytes, checksum: af7ac29dbf58100ad95baf0094f7cb7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-08 / In this research, we aim at describing and understanding negotiation in collaborative writing process in order to produce a blog for a Spanish as a foreign language hybrid course. Theoretically, this study is based on Morin (2004, 2005 e 2010) and Moraes (2008) complexity, and on Santa-Cecilia (1996) and Donnino, Platero and Weigel (2013) mainly in teaching Spanish in Brazil, on among others, Zamel (1992) and Lerner (2002), who describe writing and collaborative writing and others. It is also based on Moraes (2008) and Valentini and Fagundes (2005) concept of negotiation. 9th grade students from a private school inland São Paulo state took part of this study. Besides their regular Spanish classes, they took a hybrid (on line and face-to-face) course which is the object of this study. The texts analyzed here were produced during this extra course. Students had to choose films as subject for the blog to be created by them, so discussions on those texts took place on Moodle and WhatsApp and reflections were written on Moddle s diary. Concerning methodology, we used Ricoeur (1986/2002), van Manen (1990) and Freire (2010/2012a) hermeneutic phenomenology approach. Our investigation showed that the focused phenomenon is built from the topics in the Forum: call, organization and teasing; in WhatsApp: agreement, trick, organization, teasing and complaining; and in the Diary: finding, expectation, anger and prudence. Each tool had its own progress and ramifications / Nesta pesquisa, objetivo descrever e interpretar, o fenômeno negociação no processo de escrita colaborativa para a produção de um blog em um curso semipresencial de Espanhol LE. Teoricamente, este estudo se fundamenta na complexidade pano de fundo para esta tese, a partir de Morin (2004, 2005 e 2010) e Moraes (2008), principalmente; no ensino de Espanhol no Brasil, com base em Santa-Cecilia (1996) e Donnino, Platero e Weigel (2013), entre outros; nos conceitos de escrita e escrita colaborativa, apoiada em Zamel (1992) e Lerner (2002), entre outros e na noção de negociação, a partir de Moraes (2008) e Valentini e Fagundes (2005). Participam do estudo alunos do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola particular do interior do estado de São Paulo que, além das aulas de Espanhol LE da matriz curricular, fizeram o curso semipresencial, objeto do presente estudo. Os textos que interpreto foram gerados no curso semipresencial que, para a escolha de filmes como assunto do blog a ser criado e elaborado pelos participantes, centralizou discussões no Fórum da plataforma Moodle e no WhatsApp, além de reflexões feitas no Diário, na referida plataforma. Metodologicamente, este estudo se orienta pela abordagem hermenêutico-fenomenológica, com base em Ricoeur (1986/2002), van Manen (1990) e Freire (2010/2012a). A investigação realizada revela que o fenômeno em foco se constitui, no Fórum a partir dos temas: chamado, organização e provocação; no WhatsApp a partir dos temas: acordo, artimanha, organização, provocação e reclamação e no Diário a partir dos temas constatação, expectativa, irritação e prudência, cada um dos instrumentos com seus desdobramentos

Os modelos tradicionais de análise de políticas públicas têm sido alvo de críticas devido suas explicações serem marcadas pela dualidade entre agência e estrutura, e também pelo seu caráter linear. Acadêmicos têm chamado atenção para o potencial da teoria da complexidade para área de políticas públicas, entretanto ainda são escassos os estudos neste sentido. Este trabalho contribuiu para a área ao propor um ferramental analítico para a análise de políticas públicas baseado na teoria da complexidade e que pode auxiliar a compreender o processo de formulação de políticas a partir de uma visão holística. Ao aplicar o fitness landscape, à análise do processo de formulação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos procurou-se compreender como os aspectos estruturais (recursos possuídos pelos atores) e os aspectos de agência (capacidade de articulação na defesa de seus interesses) se relacionam dinamicamente, e em que medida auxiliam na explicação da política que foi formulada. A base de dados foi composta prioritariamente de notas taquigráficas de audiências públicas no período de 10 anos, de 2000 a 2010. Foi construído um código de análise documental buscando identificar os recursos dos atores, e os temas objetos de discussão, e quais atores partilhavam de posições semelhantes. Entrevistas complementares foram realizadas a fim de que se pudesse sanar ambiguidades resultantes da análise documental. Verificou-se que os atores mais influentes (com recursos mais importantes e que conseguiam estabelecer relações com outros atores) conseguiram ter seus objetivos expressos na política e também conseguiam por vezes influir na dinâmica de negociação. A política resultante foi em grande parte reflexo das demandas dos atores com mais alto fitness em cada período. A análise do caso a partir da lente teórica da complexidade, possibilitou resultados diferentes daqueles proporcionados pelas teorias tradicionais, permitindo que a dinâmica pudesse ser incorporada na análise, possibilitando uma explicação holística do processo. / Traditional models of policy analysis have been criticized due to the fact that their explanations have been marked by the duality between agency and structure, and also to its linear character. Scholars have emphasized the potential of complexity theory to the area of public policy, but there are still few studies in this regard. This work contributed to the area by proposing an analytical tool for the analysis of public policies based on complexity theory and that can help in understanding the policy-making process from a holistic view. By applying the fitness landscape to the analysis of the formulation process of the National Solid Waste Policy, I tried to understand how the structural aspects (resources owned by the actors) and aspects of agency (capacity to align to defend their interests) dynamically relate to each other and to what extent, they help explain the policy that was formulated. The database was primarily composed of shorthand notes of public hearings in 10 years, from 2000 to 2010. It was built a code analysis seeking to identify the resources of the actors and the topics of discussion, and which actors shared similar positions. Additional interviews were conducted in order that they could solve ambiguities arising from the documentary analysis. It was found that the most influential actors (with the most important resources and that could establish relations with other actors) got their goals expressed in policy and could also sometimes affect the dynamics of negotiation. The resulting policy was largely a reflection of the demands of the actors with the highest fitness in each period. The case analysis trought the lens of complexity, resulted different outputs from those provided by traditional theories, allowing the time could be incorporated in the analysis, providing a holistic explanation of the process.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nei Alberto Salles Filho.pdf: 2695349 bytes, checksum: 4ab714fe7fdafaac1b8fb3bc54c715a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / This paper has as object of research the Education for Peace as an educational component of a Culture of Peace, from the perspective of the Complexity Theory by Edgar Morin. This is a qualitative, exploratory and theoretical research, based on published procedures. The central question of the research, we seek to answer is: What are the theoretical assumptions underlying the Education for Peace, as an educational component of a Culture of Peace, from the perspective of the Complexity Theory by Edgar Morin ? This issue is addressed from supported theoretical questions, such as: a discussion of the Culture for Peace from Edgar Morins´s thoughts, Education for Peace in the context of education in complexity, besides integrated aspects in the constitution of "Five pedagogies of Peace ", consisting of: Education of Human Values, Education of Human rights, Education of Conflicts solving, Education of eco-formation and Education of the Living together. Resulting from these issues, we drew the following research objectives: Build an analytical framework of Education for Peace as a pedagogical way for the Culture of Peace; Discuss the Culture of Peace in relation to the complexity paradigm proposed by Edgar Morin; Relate the Education for Peace to the whole discussion of education in complexity, showing the "seven knowledge for tomorrow's education", proposed by Edgar Morin; Propose an understanding of Education for Peace from the five interconnected components . In this referral, we analyzed the set of six works "Method" by Edgar Morin (2005, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013) to understand his world, life, society and education view, which are examined in the sequence of the study. In addition, we analyzed and discussed a theoretical basis for the Education for Peace, especially from the Galtung studies (1994, 2006), Jares (2002, 2007), Rayo (2004) and Serrano (2002). Based on this discussion, the next step of this paper is for the theoretical construction of the "Five Pedagogy of Peace", dealt in their specificity and pedagogical aspects, relating them to the knowledge of education and the perspective of complexity. / Este trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa a Educação para a Paz como componente educacional de uma Cultura de Paz, sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Complexidade de Edgar Morin. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, de caráter teórico, baseada em procedimentos bibliográficos. A questão central da pesquisa, que buscamos responder é: Quais os pressupostos teóricos que fundamentam a Educação para a Paz, como componente educacional de uma Cultura de Paz, sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Complexidade de Edgar Morin? Tal questão é tratada a partir de questões teóricas balizadoras, tais como: a discussão da Cultura de Paz a partir do pensamento de Edgar Morin, a Educação para a Paz na perspectiva da educação na complexidade, além de aspectos integrados na constituição das “Cinco Pedagogias da Paz”, constituídas por: Pedagogia dos Valores Humanos, Pedagogia dos Direitos Humanos, Pedagogia da Conflitologia, Pedagogia da Ecoformação e Pedagogia das Vivências/Convivências. Decorrente destas questões, traçamos os seguintes objetivos da pesquisa: Construir um referencial de análise da Educação para a Paz como caminho pedagógico da Cultura de Paz; Discutir a Cultura de Paz na relação com o paradigma da complexidade proposto por Edgar Morin; Relacionar a Educação para a Paz ao conjunto da discussão sobre a educação na complexidade, evidenciando os “sete saberes para a educação do futuro”, propostos por Edgar Morin; Propor um entendimento da Educação para a Paz a partir de cinco componentes interconectados, as “Cinco Pedagogias da Paz”. Neste encaminhamento, analisamos o conjunto de seis obras “O Método”, de Edgar Morin (2005, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013) para entender sua perspectiva de mundo, vida, sociedade e educação, que são examinadas na sequência do estudo. Além disso, analisamos e discutimos uma base teórica para a Educação para a Paz, especialmente a partir dos estudos Galtung (1994, 2006), Jares (2002, 2007), Rayo (2004) e Serrano (2002). Com base nesta discussão, o próximo momento do trabalho é destinado à construção teórica das “Cinco Pedagogias da Paz”, tratadas em suas especificidades e aspectos pedagógicos, relacionando-as aos saberes da educação e à perspectiva da complexidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Guilherme Vieira Allegro.pdf: 496551 bytes, checksum: a55ce0430c845a9cc25c3e05b66c2df8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-28 / This dissertation aims at following the emergence of issues concerning human feelings through the works of Edgar Morin by delving into the vortex which makes up mankind and going as far as the ethics and the utopia unfolded by the complexity theory. Love will also be addressed as part of these reflections / Esta dissertação acompanhar a emergência da problemática da afetividade humana ao longo da obra de Edgar Morin, realizando uma incursão que parte do turbilhão afetivo constituinte do homem e se estende até a ética e a utopia vislumbradas a partir do pensamento complexo. Nesse percurso, será destacada também a questão do amor

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:56:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Guilherme Vieira Allegro.pdf: 496551 bytes, checksum: a55ce0430c845a9cc25c3e05b66c2df8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-28 / This dissertation aims at following the emergence of issues concerning human feelings through the works of Edgar Morin by delving into the vortex which makes up mankind and going as far as the ethics and the utopia unfolded by the complexity theory. Love will also be addressed as part of these reflections / Esta dissertação acompanhar a emergência da problemática da afetividade humana ao longo da obra de Edgar Morin, realizando uma incursão que parte do turbilhão afetivo constituinte do homem e se estende até a ética e a utopia vislumbradas a partir do pensamento complexo. Nesse percurso, será destacada também a questão do amor

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ÁUDIO 7.mp3: 381177 bytes, checksum: 7bc2bbe3b2a710578f7c47553042d742 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-10-09T15:50:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 19 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Elisama Barbosa Brasil - 2012.pdf: 1185946 bytes, checksum: 29917f27ebfa7fa1ede9ead86e3cf769 (MD5) 1. Michael Jackson - Beat It.mp3: 7130206 bytes, checksum: d5ad787ad5a18ad48382495a2a6f08b3 (MD5) 2. Luan_S.)_04_-_Meteoro.mp3: 3346048 bytes, checksum: ada7757e5ddb592e5b65b2b14e8ad902 (MD5) 3. Big_Time_Rush.mp3: 7949822 bytes, checksum: 1926286b28716e1b76e3fe8a12108e98 (MD5) 4. Abba - Dancing Queen.mp3: 5565367 bytes, checksum: b8cbde80eed642b235020581ec7149ff (MD5) 5. Toquinho_-_Aquarela.mp3: 6029120 bytes, checksum: 7c3127d16460f269c979aecaf7f0d9bb (MD5) 6. 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ÁUDIO 6.mp3: 292988 bytes, checksum: b676c04cbfeeec193862d7dde1204ec6 (MD5) 17. ÁUDIO 7.mp3: 381177 bytes, checksum: 7bc2bbe3b2a710578f7c47553042d742 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T15:50:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 19 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Elisama Barbosa Brasil - 2012.pdf: 1185946 bytes, checksum: 29917f27ebfa7fa1ede9ead86e3cf769 (MD5) 1. Michael Jackson - Beat It.mp3: 7130206 bytes, checksum: d5ad787ad5a18ad48382495a2a6f08b3 (MD5) 2. Luan_S.)_04_-_Meteoro.mp3: 3346048 bytes, checksum: ada7757e5ddb592e5b65b2b14e8ad902 (MD5) 3. Big_Time_Rush.mp3: 7949822 bytes, checksum: 1926286b28716e1b76e3fe8a12108e98 (MD5) 4. Abba - Dancing Queen.mp3: 5565367 bytes, checksum: b8cbde80eed642b235020581ec7149ff (MD5) 5. Toquinho_-_Aquarela.mp3: 6029120 bytes, checksum: 7c3127d16460f269c979aecaf7f0d9bb (MD5) 6. Adrenalina-Luan_Satana_ao_vivo_2010.mp3: 3678694 bytes, checksum: fb20eaa4ccac7877c3f07dc960326bc4 (MD5) 7. 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ÁUDIO 7.mp3: 381177 bytes, checksum: 7bc2bbe3b2a710578f7c47553042d742 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / This research was conducted in the Music School and Performing Arts Postgraduate Program/UFG, in the research line Music, Education and Health of the Master's Degree in Music. We attempted to investigate normative children with learning difficulties in reading, proposing music therapeutic actions as mediation to expand the understanding of these cases. The field research, a case study of qualitative approach, was developed in an elementary public school in the city of Goiania, through which data were collected in many ways: music therapeutic visits to the learners, semi-structured interviews with teachers, student's family and the school context observations. The analysis was performed using data triangulation, establishing three periods (Beginner, Intermediate and Final) considering the musical sound expressions and the inter-and intrapersonal relationship aspects of these students and the perceptions aspects of the other actors (teachers and family members), and data on the dynamics of the school, generating analytical categories. The theoretical framework that subsidized this analysis was the Complexity Theory in dialogue with theoretical references of the music therapy, education and socio-historical psychology. The results of research showed that the homogeneity characteristic of the teaching/traditional school can lead to noncompliance of the students in situations of free expression and/or creative character, tending to the manifestation of misconduct and disorder. We understand, according to the complexity, that the disorder is a necessary phenomenon and concomitant to the order, since you need to learn to build, rebuild and/or deconstruct ideas, experiences and values. Music therapy in the school allowed a space for expression of the relations and intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts of learners. We believe that, to provide significant new experiences the subject (and do experiment) therapeutic musicians from experience, it is possible to facilitate to internalization of new knowledge and, consequently, the development. Complexity theory has enabled the contextualization of learning disabilities in reading favoring the understanding of the multiple factors that are mutual. / A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação da Escola de Música e Artes Cênicas/UFG, na linha de Pesquisa Música, Educação e Saúde do Mestrado em Música. Buscou-se investigar sobre crianças normativas com dificuldade de aprendizagem em leitura, propondo-se ações musicoterapêuticas como mediação à ampliação da compreensão desses casos. A pesquisa de campo, um Estudo de Caso de caráter qualitativo, foi desenvolvida em uma escola do ensino fundamental pública do município de Goiânia, por meio do qual foram coletados dados sob diversas formas: atendimentos musicoterapêuticos aos educandos, entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes e familiares dos alunos e observações do contexto escolar. A análise foi realizada através da triangulação dos dados, estabelecendo três momentos à exposição (Inicial, Intermediário e Final) considerando-se a expressão sonoro-musical e os aspectos do relacionamento inter e intrapessoal dos alunos participantes, aspectos das percepções dos demais atores (educadores e familiares), bem como dados sobre a dinâmica do contexto escolar, gerando as categorias analíticas. A fundamentação teórica que subsidiou a análise foi a Teoria da Complexidade em diálogo com referenciais teóricos da Musicoterapia, da Educação e da Psicologia Sócio-histórica. Os resultados encontrados na pesquisa evidenciaram que a homogeneidade característica do ensino/escola tradicional pode levar a não adesão dos educandos em situações de expressão livre e/ou de caráter criativo, tendendo à manifestação de condutas inadequadas e de desordem. Entendemos, à luz da Complexidade, que a desordem é um fenômeno necessário e concomitante à ordem, visto que, para aprender é preciso construir, reconstruir e/ou desconstruir ideias, experiências e valores. A Musicoterapia no contexto escolar possibilitou um espaço de expressão das relações e conflitos intra e interpessoais dos educandos. Acreditamos que, ao proporcionar novas e significativas experiências ao sujeito (fazer e experimentar) a partir das experiências musicoterapêuticas, é possível favorecer a internalização de novas aprendizagens e, consequentemente, o desenvolvimento. A teoria da Complexidade permitiu a contextualização das dificuldades de aprendizagem em leitura favorecendo a compreensão sobre os múltiplos e mútuos fatores que as constituem.