The legalization of medical marijuana has been a complicated and confusing process. The drug is used for medical purposes yet is only semi-legal and not approved by the federal government. This piece will observe the legal medical history of this drug in the United States. It will analyze the growth of the medical marijuana movement up to the present with a special emphasis to the importance of federal, state and local supremacy. It will observe important court cases that have been decisive in defining the reach of federal power under the Commerce Clause and the 1970 Controlled Substance Act. This analysis will look at the current legal standing of medical marijuana as well as the legal hurdles to achieve full legal status and medical recognition from state federal and local levels of government. A special focus will be given to the state of California because it has the largest medical marijuana market and has taken center stage in the movement to legalize marijuana as a medicine. This paper will also cover the growth of the state condoned medical marijuana black market and the complications that arise from taxing, and licensing semi-legal businesses. This paper will assess the monetary and personal costs of this movement and the political elements of resisting the medical development and scientific understanding of this drug. It will seek to suggest a solution to the current impasse and explain why medical marijuana in this instance has been bad medicine and dangerous policy.

Women’s use of aggression in intimate partner relationships is consistently debated by researchers of intimate partner aggression. One tenet suggests women use aggression within intimate relationships at similar rates as men. Conversely, a second tenet acknowledges women’s use of aggression but suggests that the meaning and consequences associated with women’s aggression is not coercive or severely injurious, which are typical characteristics of men’s use of aggression. The current study evaluated incarcerated women in order to build upon an integrative approach that suggests that women’s use of aggression is related to the relationship dynamics generated from variations in coercive and conflictual behaviors. Further, the current study evaluated the moderating relation of childhood abuse history and posttraumatic stress symptoms between relationship dynamics and women’s use of aggression. Ninety-six women, who participated in a larger research project that investigated incarcerated women’s life experience, reported on the dynamics of their most recent abusive heterosexual relationship, their own use of aggression (minor and severe) and childhood abuse history and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Findings suggest that incarcerated women involved in intimate relationships characterized as highly conflictual use significantly more minor and severe aggression toward their partners than women involved in relationships with low levels of conflicts. The finding is significant regardless of the level of coercion present in the relationship. Lastly, neither childhood abuse history nor posttraumatic symptoms moderated the relation between intimate partner relationship dynamics and women’s use of aggression. Various reasons for the lack of support for the moderating effect of history on women’s use of aggression are discussed.

This study examines a case of cooperation between banks, commerce, police and the municipality of Skövde, which in a project has the target to reduce the use of cash by 15 % in the city during 2011. The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of the importance of cooperation in which different actors come together to reach a common goal, such as speed or interfere with an ongoing change, while they must meet their own interests. In this study the case of cooperation has been studied by using a qualitative approach. The methods used in this study are participant observation and a group interview as well as personal interviews. The theories underlying the study revolve around the concepts of collaboration between organizations with similar interests, changes in society, conflict and resistance to change.

Sedan mitten på 1990-talet finns en uttalad politisk vilja att Sverige skall delta i internationellamilitära insatser i en större omfattning än tidigare. Ambitionsökning kommer att ske i en miljö därhoten globaliseras och insatserna blir mer komplexa samtidigt som det militära engagemangetskall öka så att en dubblering av utlandsstyrkans förmåga åstadkoms. Under de senaste 25 åren harde konflikter och krig som definieras som inomstatliga, lågintensiva och asymmetriska samtbedrivs med okonventionella metoder kommit att betraktas som normgivande av flertaletbetraktare. De krig som vi ser idag innehåller nya inslag avseende aktörer, drivkrafter ochmoraliska/etiska samt juridiska betingelser för våldsutövningen vilket även återspeglas i deinternationella insatser som genomförs i syfte att hantera dem. Det politiska och reella priset fördeltagande i dessa insatser har konstant ökat. Detta förhållande genererar nya utmaningar ochställer andra krav på de aktörer som överväger att använda det militära maktmedlet för att skapafred och säkerhet i den nu rådande världsordningen.Syftet med denna uppsats, som är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, är att bedöma medvetenheten omde strategiska risker och sårbarheter som uppkommer vid användandet av det svenska militäramaktmedlet i dagens konflikter. Resultatet av analysen visar att Sverige riskerar att bli strategisktsårbart i och med den begränsade medvetenheten om de strategiska riskerna uppkomna av denökade ambitionen att använda det militära maktmedlet för internationella insatser i dagens krig, isynnerhet avseende storskaliga förluster. / Since the mid-90’s there is a pronounced political will that Sweden is to participate ininternational military missions to a larger extent than previously. This increased ambition willtake place in an environment where the threats are becoming globalized and the operations morecomplex simultaneously as the military engagement is to increase in order to double the ability ofthe expeditionary force. In the past 25 years, the number of conflicts and wars defined as intrastate,low-intensity, asymmetrical and fought using unconventional methods are being seen as thenorm by most observers. The wars of today contain new elements regarding actors, motive forcesand moral/ethic as well as legal prerequisites for the use of force, a fact also reflected in theinternational missions that are being conducted in order to manage them. The political and realcost of participation in these missions has increased constantly. These circumstances generate newchallenges and impose different demands on the actors who contemplate the use of force with theaim to establish peace and security in the present world order.The purpose of this thesis, which is an analysis of content, is to estimate the awareness of thestrategic risks and vulnerabilities resulting from the Swedish use of military force in today’sconflicts. The result of the analysis shows that Sweden is running the risk of becomingstrategically vulnerable due to the limited awareness of the strategic risks resulting from theincreased ambition for the use of military means in international missions in today’s wars,especially regarding large-scale casualties. / Avdelning: ALB – Slutet Mag. 3 C-upps. Hylla: Upps. ChP 07-09

In a press release from the Swedish church it says that the pressure from people who are in need is increasing on the deacons in Sweden and that it’s getting higher each year. This study contains the search of knowledge about the deacons of the Swedish church, if they actually feel an increasing pressure and in what way, how they are handling the possible pressure from people in need, if that pressure is too high and if the deacons feel that they can assist the people seeking their help. The study also aim to provide more knowledge about the deacons experiences of the opportunities and boundaries (or obstacles) they meet in their line of work and how they handle the boundaries when/if they can’t provide the help that the people need. This is a qualitative study, using interviews as a tool to get the appropriate information to answer the questions at hand. Six deacons in different parishes in Blekinge and Skåne participated and the interviews took place at the parishes. The empirical material has been analyzed thematically. The theoretical viewpoints has been liberation theology, solution focused approach and empowerment. The analysis shows that the deacons experience an increasing pressure from the people seeking help especially from some groups in the community, especially from people feeling lonely. It shows that the deacons especially feel like the people mostly turn to them because they have a need to talk to someone, for example about their difficulties in life. It also shows that the deacons want to be sufficient, enough, and when they leave their work at the end of the day they want to feel that they’ve done everything they can to help the people in need. It also shows that they want to see the boundaries more as challenges to find new solutions. The analysis also shows that the deacons seem to use empowerment and that they have a solution focused approach in their work with the people in need. They also seem to have a viewpoint that looks like liberation theology. When the deacons experience that they have internal conflicts the analysis shows that they use different ways to deal with these. For example retreat, their faith, supervision/tutoring and a balanced free time.

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Bakgrund och problematisering: Det har i dagens samhälle blivit allt vanligare att företaghyr in personal via bemanningsföretag. Detta medför positiva aspekter såsom exempelvis ökad flexibilitet men flexibilitetsstrategin kan även medföra negativa konsekvenser. Företagetkan bli svårhanterligt i och med den heterogenitet som skapas i arbetsstyrkan och det har ävenframkommit att denna heterogenitet kan påverka de sociala relationerna på arbetsplatsen. Dock är tidigare litteratur bristfällig gällande detta. Då sociala relationer är en avgörandefaktor till trivsel på arbetsplatsen och då det i sin tur gynnar företagets framgång, är dettarelevant att studera närmre. Samtidigt kan arbetsvillkoren tänkas ligga till grund för hur sociala relationer mellan inhyrda konsulter och ordinarie personal fungerar. För att få enr ättvis bild av detta bör både inhyrda och ordinaries perspektiv studeras. Eftersom ledarna kanha en inverkan på arbetsvillkoren och den sociala gemenskapen bör även deras perspektiv tas i beaktning. Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka vilka konsekvenser en flexibilitetsstrategi får för arbetsvillkoren och de sociala relationerna mellan inhyrda konsulter och ordinarie arbetskraft. Metod: Uppsatsen bygger på en kvalitativ fallstudie med ett hermeneutistiskt förhållningssätt. 11 intervjuer har genomförts utifrån tre olika perspektiv: ledare, inhyrda och ordinarie. Tidigare litteratur och teori: Vi har valt att presentera vad som tidigare har studerats inomområdet med avseende på relevanta aspekter som rör studiens syfte. Fokus ligger därmed påstudier som berör arbetsvillkor och sociala relationer i organisationer som genom sin flexibilitetsstrategi använder sig av inhyrd arbetskraft. Teoriavsnittet bygger istället på tredelar: flexibilitetsstrategi, sociala relationer samt vad som kan tänkas påverka de sociala relationerna. Slutsats: Genom studien kan vi konstatera att en flexibilitetsstrategi får konsekvenser förbåde arbetsvillkor och sociala relationer mellan inhyrd och ordinarie arbetskraft. Strategin har resulterat i olika arbetsvillkor för anställningsgrupperna och dessa arbetsvillkor påverkar även i sin tur de sociala relationerna mellan dessa. Exempelvis skapar fallföretagets fysiskauppdelning mellan inhyrda och ordinarie bristfälliga relationer, ett “vi och dom” tänk, vissa fördomar och “småkonflikter” dem emellan. Dock verkade inte detta påverka anställningsgruppernas trivsel märkbart vilket vi anser beror på att de sociala behoven tillfredsställs på respektive våning. För att dock försöka undvika negativa följder som enfysisk uppdelning exempelvis för med sig har vi kommit fram till vissa åtgärder ledarna på fallföretaget bör arbeta ytterligare med, såsom information, introducering och me rgemensamma aktiviteter. / Background and problem: Today, it has become more common for the companies to hire staff from employment agencies. This brings positive aspects along, such as increasedflexibility, but can also cause negative consequences. The company can through the heterogeneity in the working force get difficult to manage and it has also been found that thesocial relationships can be affected of this. However, previous literatures are deficient inrelation to this. As social relations are an essential factor to work satisfaction, and that in turn affect the future of the company. This is relevant to study more closely. At the same time, theworking conditions can be the basis for how the social relations between temporary andregular workers get along. To get an accurate picture of this, both temporary and ordinary workers perspectives has been studied. Since even the leaders can have an impact on both the working conditions and the social relations, their perspective should also be taken into consideration. Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore what consequences a flexibility strategy will have on the working conditions and the social relations between temporary and regularworkers. Method: The thesis is based on a case study of quality type with a hermeneutic view. 11interviews have been conducted from three different perspectives, with leaders, temporary and regular workers. Previous research and theory: We have chosen to present previous research within thecurrent research field, which is considered to be relevant to the purpose of this study. Thestudy´s main focus is therefore related to conditions in the workplace and social relationshipswithin organizations, which use hired employees as a part of their flexibility strategy. The theoretical framework chapter is founded on three parts: flexibility strategy, social relationships, and what factors that could affect the social relationships. Results: We can through the study conclude that a flexible approach has implications for bothworking conditions and social relations between temporary and regular workers. The strategy has resulted in various working conditions for the employment groups, and those working conditions in turn, also affect the social relations between the employees. The physicalseparation the case company use, create for example, flawed relationships, an “us and them ”thinking, as well as certain prejudices and “small disputes” between them. However, this didnot appear to affect the employment groups significantly, which we believe, is because of thesocial relations are met on each floor. However, to try to avoid the negative a physical separation brings, we have come up with some ideas, which the leaders in the case companyfurther should work with, such as information, introduction and more activities for both employment groups.

In our increasingly complex and interactive world, it becomes ever more difficult to isolate and map the cultural identity of any given region, as bounded and contained cultural places have become a rare occurrence. To further complicate the matter, perspectives, loyalties, and identities shift with time, and appear to shift with circumstance. While cultural conflict per se was not the subject of this study, the ability to quantify differing cultural profiles in one location relative to another may be the beginning of the development of a tool for assessing degrees of difference in neighboring regions, and thus diagnosing the potential for conflict escalation. The Compass System, a holistic model that uses eight archetypal categories to observe and evaluate complex systems, was used for this study. In this exploratory study, 33 restaurants in 5 cities in Chile were rated in these eight categories as perceived by a team of outsider observers. The predominant qualities of each city sampled, determined solely from the sampling of its restaurants, did match, in a general sense, qualities of the city that were otherwise observable. This matching indicates that a tool such as the Compass System can be used to gather a collective regional profile from small sampling, such as an area’s restaurants. Potential uses for further research and development could include conflict management and assessing risk for social instability or escalation of violence.

The purpose with this study was to describe and analyse the daily activities of a criminal group in a southern suburb of Stockholm, Norra Botkyrka, and their attitude to drugs, the police, crimes in general, accomplices and their plans for the future. The study is a combination of different qualitative methods that is built on unobtrusive methods and interviews that was carried out during winter in 2006 and spring in 2007 and six interviews. My interest to carry out this study was grounded on my several years of experience as a prison and probation officer in the prison. I chose to “live” with a group of criminals and participated in some of their social activities. The respondents that I chose to call “anti-heroes” proudly tell me about their criminal lifestyle that characterizes of violence, drugs, crimes and conflict where this people show no regret. The readers of this study will be able to do an insight into the criminals’ daily activities. I choose to describe the respondents tough and “tragically” growth and their attitude to the drugs, conflicts, the police, accomplices, women, future and their spot in society. The results of this study will show that the majority of the respondents had a bad growth and comes from torn families, where the most of them began early with drugs and crimes. The organisation of the gang gives a shifting view from what appears to be an organised and structured gang to a disorderly gang with a lot of conflicts. The respondents are so hardly anchored to their criminal lifestyle that an adjustment to normal life, for the majority of them, is next to impossible.

Syftet med den här litteraturstudien är att skapa perspektiv kring kommunikationen vid konflikter och konflikthantering. Fokus ligger främst på vuxnas och barns samspel, med stark betoning på lärare/pedagog - elev/barn relationer. De tre frågeställningarna som ligger till grund för denna studie är; Var, hur, när och varför sker kommunikation enligt åtta engelskspråkiga artiklar? Vad anser åtta engelskspråkiga artiklar om hur kommunikation i form av samtal kan främja konflikthantering? och Vilken betydelse får relationer för konflikter och konflikthantering enligt åtta engelskspråkiga artiklar? Svaren till frågeställningarna har hittats genom att belysa åtta studier och dess resultat. Forskningsöversikten är tänkt att ge läsaren en tydlig bild över kommunikationens betydelse vid konflikter och konflikthantering. Resultatet av studien visar att kommunikation i form av exempelvis samtal är av stor vikt vid konflikter och hanteringen av dessa. Andra huvudfaktorer som är av vikt är bland annat relationers betydelse, dubbelriktad påverkan, samt reflektion, utvärdering, och kontinuitet. Det har visat sig att vuxna influerar barn och att barn påverkar vuxna. Den dubbelriktade påverkan blir därmed en högst relevant faktor för kommunikationen i relationer. Att barn och vuxna har en god relation kan vara avgörande för konflikters uppkomst. I resultatet framkommer även att många konflikthanteringsprogram saknar kontinuitet, vilket denna studie konstaterat behövs för att konflikthanteringsprogrammen ska utnyttjas till fullo. / The purpose of this literature study is to provide perspectives on communication in conflict and conflict management. The focus is primarily on adults' and children's interactions, with a strong emphasis on teacher - child relationships. The three questions that form the basis of this study is: Where, how, when and why does communication take place according to eight english-language articles? What do eight english-language articles consider about how communication in the form of conversations can promote conflict resolution? and What impact have relationships of conflict and conflict management according to eight english-language articles? The answers to these questions have been found by highlighting eight studies and their results. The research review is intended to give the reader a clearer picture over the importance of communication in conflict and conflict management. The results of this study show that communication in the form of conversations is of great importance to the conflicts and how they are being managed. Other key factors that are of importance, include the significance of relationships, bidirectional influences, reflection, evaluation, and continuity. It has been shown that adults influence children and children affect adults. The bidirectional influence is a highly relevant factor for communication in relationships. Good relationships between children and adults are of importance in how conflicts emergence. The result also reveals that many conflict management programs lacks continuity, which this study found necessary, for conflict management programs so that they could be fully utilized.