• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 139
  • 102
  • 51
  • 20
  • 19
  • 9
  • 8
  • 5
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 414
  • 93
  • 71
  • 62
  • 46
  • 37
  • 31
  • 31
  • 28
  • 27
  • 26
  • 26
  • 23
  • 22
  • 22
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

Contribuição ao estudo do estabelecimento permanente / Contribution to the study of the permanente establishment.

Flavia Cavalcanti Pepe 11 March 2014 (has links)
O presente estudo tem por escopo analisar e reconstruir os fundamentos que informam os contornos da emblemática figura dos estabelecimentos permanentes. Muito embora a doutrina e a jurisprudência internacional tenham laborado ingente esforço no sentido de prover um conceito uniforme para tal expressão, sem o qual o legítimo exercício da jurisdição para tributar rendimentos empresariais pode restar prejudicado, ainda há muito o que ser discutido e examinado. Isso porque a economia global, assentada em uma intensa mobilidade de riquezas, evidencia a crescente diversificação das formas de organização empresarial, de modo que a regulação necessária a atender as peculiaridades atinentes a cada modalidade negocial demanda um exame aprofundado e contínuo. Nesse cenário, a clara definição e perfeita compreensão do relevante conceito do estabelecimento permanente, bem como a delimitação dos critérios indispensáveis à sua aplicação, têm cardeal relevância para as modernas relações comerciais. Tal relevância decorre do papel que atribuímos ao estabelecimento permanente neste trabalho, por reputálo enquanto elemento de conexão objetivo, eleito por excelência pelos tratados para evitar a dupla tributação no tocante aos itens de rendimentos empresariais em geral. Tomando como paradigma o modelo de convenção elaborada pela Organização de Cooperação e de Desenvolvimento Econômico, e somando a este os influxos do modelo produzido pela Organização das Nações Unidas, será possível traçar um conceito multifacetado de estabelecimento permanente, com base em determinados critérios classificatórios. Fundados em tais categorias, conduziremos o exame das convenções internacionais firmadas pelo Brasil e analisaremos como os enunciados veiculados por tais instrumentos devem ser operados face ao ordenamento doméstico brasileiro. Com efeito, a tese ora apresentada buscará municiar seus leitores dos instrumentos conceituais necessários para que o conceito de estabelecimento permanente seja aplicado de forma efetiva e coerente com as práticas internacionais. Almeja-se, com isso, traçar algumas propostas para solucionar o afã despertado por problemáticas fiscais suscitadas no bojo do Direito Internacional Tributário, no intuito de contribuir em favor da adoção pelo Brasil de postura mais condizente com os anseios da comunidade internacional. / The scope of this study is to analyze and reconstruct the foundations that outline the emblematic figure of permanent establishments. Although the international doctrine and case law have made great effort to provide such expression with a uniform concept - without which the legitimate exercise of the jurisdiction to tax business income could be impaired - there is still much to be discussed and examined. The global economy, which is based upon intense wealth mobility, attests the increasing diversification of entrepreneurial organization forms, in such a way that proper regulation requires a profound and continuous analysis, in order to meet the needs of the peculiarities of each business modality. Within this context, the clear definition and complete comprehension of this relevant concept (that of permanent establishments), as well as the delimitation of the criteria necessary to its proper application, are of the utmost importance for the modern commercial relations. Such importance derives from the role attributed to the permanent establishment in this essay, considered as an objective connecting factor elected by the double tax treaties in connection with business profits. Using the Model Convention of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development as a paradigm, and adding the input from the model elaborated by the United Nations, it will be possible to draw a multifaceted concept of permanent establishment, based upon some specific classificatory aspects. Such categories are the grounds for promoting a survey of the international conventions entered into by Brazil, as well as an analysis on how the norms enacted under such vehicles shall be operated in view of the Brazilian domestic law. In fact, the present thesis aims at providing readers with the necessary conceptual instruments to apply the concept of permanent establishment effectively and coherently with the international law practice. With that, this study elaborates on proposals to solve some tax problems emerged within the framework of the International Tax Law, with the purpose of contributing for the adoption of an approach by Brazil which is more consistent with the aspiration of the international community.
112

Gênero e moda: a construção da aparência na prática de cross-dressing

Cezar, Marina Seibert 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-04-18T19:02:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Seibert Cezar_.pdf: 3754624 bytes, checksum: 55637fe368c1a9852b3aa6b55b913133 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T19:02:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Seibert Cezar_.pdf: 3754624 bytes, checksum: 55637fe368c1a9852b3aa6b55b913133 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / AULP - Associação de Universidades de Língua Portuguesa / Fundamentada pelo campo das ciências sociais, esta tese tem como tema de investigação, a relação entre gênero e moda, através da perspectiva orientada pela mídia sobre a transgeneridade. Instigada pelo lugar da aparência construída por meio do uso de signos estéticos, a inquietude teórica é estabelecida na noção do corpo em permanente negociação com modelos estabelecidos, conforme o sexo designado ao sujeito no seu nascimento. Este estudo objetiva investigar os princípios do sistema de moda inseridos nos estudos de gênero, o qual propõe criar um panorama da inserção do corpo e sua identidade relacional a partir das experiências vestimentares, estas, orientadas pelas instâncias da cultura material. A tese também focaliza se tais sujeitos dados como masculinos e que transitam nas dimensões de gênero pela estetização pessoal através de recursos de enfeites que são convencionados ao universo das mulheres, projetam um arquétipo feminino para a sua produção visual. Para tanto, parte-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, envolvendo uma revisão bibliográfica interdisciplinar para gerar pontos de conexões entre as principais áreas dos saberes: ciências sociais, estudos de gênero, antropologia do consumo e noções da estética; associada a uma busca em campo, na qual o universo empírico é constituído por transgêneros da associação Brazilian Cross-dresser Club, bem como, por interlocutoras que identificam-se pela prática, além do resgate de relatos das que expuseram suas experiências em biografias ou em redes sociais. Por meio desta investigação, tem-se como um dos principais resultados alcançados, a validação da importância dada à linguagem visual, quando exercida sob um ângulo de observação de discurso social dado pela categoria binária de gênero. Nesse espaço de expressão e negociação com o meio, a prática de cross-dressing redimensiona os efeitos sociais já que conduzem a imagem pessoal para uma nova hierarquia dentro das dimensões políticas, em um processo constante de luta pelo reconhecimento. / Grounded by the social sciences field, this thesis has as its investigation theme, the relation between gender and fashion, through the perspective guided by media regarding transgenderism. Instigated by the role of appearance build by the use of aesthetics signs, the theoretical restlessness is stablished on the notion of the body in a permanent bargain with the established models, according to the gender designated at birth. This study investigates the principles of the fashion system inserted in gender studies, which proposes to create a panorama of body and its relative identity from clothing experiences, and those, guided by the instances of material culture. The thesis also focus on if such subjects, labeled as masculine and that transit on the dimensions of gender through personal aesthetic choices that conventionally belong to women’s universe, projects a feminine archetype for their visual production. Therefore, it starts from an exploratory research, encompassing an interdisciplinary bibliographic revision to generate the connection points between the main knowledge areas: social sciences, gender studies, consume anthropology and aesthetic notions; associated with a field research, on which the empirical universe is constituted by transgenders from the association Brazilian Cross-dresser Club, as well as by interlocutors that identify themselves through this practice, besides the collection of reports shared on biographies and social networks. Through this investigation, one of the main results achieved is the validation of the importance given to visual language, when exerted by an angle of observation of the social speech in which gender classification s binary. On this space of expression and negotiation with the environment, the practice of cross-dressing gives a new size to the social effects, since it takes the personal image to a new hierarchy within the political dimension, in a process of constant struggle for recognition.
113

Convenções e mercados da pecuária familiar no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Matte, Alessandra January 2017 (has links)
Os mercados da pecuária familiar podem ser entendidos como convenções, visto que essas explicam a coordenação das ações dos diferentes atores, uma vez que contemplam a diversidade de dinâmicas que podem existir nos diferentes mercados. Pode-se dizer que, se não ativamente planejadas e constituídas pelos próprios atores, as relações de mercados são ao menos mediadas por eles, pois enquanto alguns afastam seus processos de produção e trabalho do mercado, outros neles se engajam. Por essa razão, não basta compreender por que determinados atores tomam dadas decisões, é preciso compreender por que o fazem e quais as consequências dessas decisões. Diante disso, o objetivo desta tese é compreender como são constituídos os mercados da pecuária familiar, mediante uma análise das características que orientam as interações entre os atores sociais dos distintos canais de comercialização e da identificação e caracterização dos diferentes tipos de mercados e das razões de sua estruturação. Tendo como objeto de estudo a pecuária familiar, foram realizadas entrevistas com 39 pecuaristas familiares nos municípios de Bagé, Dom Pedrito e Pinheiro Machado, no período compreendido entre outubro de 2015 e março de 2016. A construção das representações mentais dos atores sociais se dá pelas interações e representações sobre a realidade, aliadas às suas relações coletivas e suas experiências ao longo do tempo. Pode-se concluir que está em curso um processo de padronização racial dos bovinos para atender à demanda do mercado da carne, por outro lado a ovinocultura permanece como atividade secundária, com pouco ou nenhum interesse na comercialização dos animais. De modo geral, convenções de confiança, fidelidade e colaboração apresentam-se como relevantes para a determinação dos canais de comercialização, de modo que a melhor venda é aquela realizada na propriedade rural com o pagamento no ato da venda. Em essência, as convenções que orientam as formas de comercialização são constituídas de diferentes maneiras, sobretudo como fruto da valoração diferenciada que os atores lançam sobre os processos de constituição dos mercados. Os principais canais de comercialização para o terneiro/novilho são o corretor 43,6% e o terminador 41%, o reprodutor comumente é adquirido por meio da troca com outro pecuarista familiar. Os tipos de mercados que sustentaram a análise merecem ajustes à realidade da pecuária familiar, em que é possível haver cruzamentos entre os tipos identificados, visto que não se constituem de relações lineares. A análise mostrou que o pecuarista familiar faz acessa mais de uma canal de comercialização para uma mesma categoria animal, em que os elementos de regulação são reproduzidos nesses diferentes mercados. / The markets of family livestock can be understood as conventions, since they explain the coordination of the actions of the different actors, since they contemplate the diversity of dynamics that can exist in the different markets. It can be said that, if not actively planned and constituted by the actors themselves, market relations are at least mediated by them, for while some distract their production processes and market work, others engage in them. For this reason, it is not enough to understand why certain actors make decisions, it is necessary to understand why they do so and the consequences of those decisions. The objective of this thesis is to understand how the markets of family farming are constituted by analyzing the characteristics that guide the interactions between the social actors of the different marketing channels and the identification and characterization of the different types of markets and the reasons for structure. Aiming at the study of family livestock, interviews were conducted with 39 family ranchers in the municipalities of Bagé, Dom Pedrito and Pinheiro Machado, between October 2015 and March 2016. The construction of the mental representations of social actors is done by the interactions and representations about reality, allied to their collective relations and their experiences over time. It can be concluded that a process of racial standardization of cattle is in progress to meet the demand of the meat market. On the other hand, sheep farming remains a secondary activity with little or no interest in the commercialization of the animals. In general terms, trust, loyalty and collaboration agreements are relevant for the determination of the marketing channels, so that the best sale is the one held at the rural property with the payment at the time of sale. In essence, the conventions that guide the forms of commercialization are constituted in different ways, mainly as a result of the differentiated valuation that the actors throw on the processes of constitution of the markets. The main marketing channels for the calf / steer are the 43.6% broker and the 41% terminator, the breeder is commonly purchased through the exchange with another family farmer. The types of markets that supported the analysis deserve adjustments to the reality of family livestock, where there may be crosses between identified types, since they are not linear relationships. The analysis showed that the family farmer makes access to more than one marketing channel for the same animal category, in which the regulatory elements are reproduced in these different markets.
114

La création et la répartition de la valeur en droit fiscal international / Value creation and allocation in international tax law

Vergnet, Nicolas 01 December 2018 (has links)
La crise financière de 2008 et l’accroissement considérable de l’endettement public qui en a résulté ont mis au centre des priorités politiques contemporaines la nécessité de veiller à un alignement entre la fiscalité internationale et la création de valeur. Cette contemporanéité de l’enjeu ne doit pas occulter la redondance de ses causes avec celles qui ont présidé à la mise en place des premiers modèles de conventions fiscales bilatérales durant l’entre-deux-guerres sous l’égide de la Société des Nations. L’étude des travaux de l’organisation durant les années 1920 ainsi que de leur reprise par l’OECE puis l’OCDE au cours de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle permet de constater que l’ordre fiscal international actuel repose sur une logique d’alignement de la répartition de la matière taxable avec la géographie de la création de valeur. L’étonnement que suscite cette constatation lorsqu’elle est mise en perspective avec les critiques faites au système fiscal international actuel invite plus que jamais à étudier les rapports qu’entretient ce dernier avec la création de valeur : leurs connexions, leurs déconnexions, et les tentatives de reconnexions dont ils font l’objet. / The 2008 financial crisis and the resulting significant increase in public debt have put the focus of today's political priorities on the need to tax profits in accordance with value creation. The topicality of this issue must not overshadow the striking similarity of its causes with those that led to the drafting of the first model tax treaties in the 1920s under the aegis of the League of Nations. A study of the organisation's work, built on by the OEEC, and the OECD in the second half of the 20th century, shows that the current international tax system already tends to align jurisdiction to tax with value creation. This observation is surprising when put in perspective with the criticisms of the current international tax order. It invites us more than ever to study the relationship between the international tax system and value creation: their connections, their disconnections, and the attempts to reconnect them.
115

La subsidiarité des conventions fiscales / The subsidiarity of tax treaties

Trindade Marinho, Anapaula 30 November 2015 (has links)
L’Étude porte sur un principe prétorien érigé par le Conseil d’État au travers de ses décisions et des conclusions rendues sous ses décisions par les Rapporteurs Publics. Depuis 1975 le Conseil d’État exerce le contrôle de la compatibilité d'un acte d'imposition vis-à-vis de conventions fiscales contre la double imposition et l'évasion fiscale qui est fait sous l'égide du principe de subsidiarité. En vertu de ce principe, au préalable du contrôle de «conventionnalité» de l'acte d'imposition, les juridictions doivent impérativement exercer un contrôle de la légalité de l'acte d'imposition, en prenant appui sur les seules dispositions du droit d'origine purement nationale, c'est-à-dire, du droit dit « domestique». Ce principe, tout juste nommé comme tel par le Conseil d’État dans une décision rendue en 2014, a longtemps fait l'unanimité au sein de la doctrine. Le principe de subsidiarité serait un principe conforme au bon sens et à la logique. Nous tentons au cours de ce travail de démontrer que le principe de subsidiarité des conventions fiscales pose problème à la fois d'un point de vue, strictement théorique, et à la fois d'un point de vue pratique. D'un point de vue théorique d'abord, il sera démontré que le principe de subsidiarité des conventions fiscales est particulier, il ne correspond à aucune autre application juridique de la subsidiarité, la similitude n'est que enveloppe terminologique. La version fiscale soulève un véritable problème théorique et pratique que la thèse tente de démontrer. / Our dissertation is about a praetorian principle erected by the French Administrative Supreme Court the Conseil d'Etat since 1975 and that became one of the major case law on international taxation under the French Law. From the given case law, it results that the checking of the conformity of a tax act issued by the French Tax authority with respect to a tax treaty, has to be made at a second stage, after of a domestic law based control by the judge. The principle implies the application of a method when controlling acts issued by the tax authority that tends to link the provisions of the tax treaty to be applied, of the prior qualifications provided by the domestic law. The principle has just been appointed as «the principle of subsidiarity of tax treaties, in a 2014 Decision, and differs from any other application of the subsidiarity theory in law.
116

Perverse pleasures: Spectatorship- The blair witch project

Hayter, Tamiko Southcott 16 November 2006 (has links)
Student Number : 9803476V - MA research report - School of Arts - Faculty of Humanities / By drawing on contemporary scholarship that addresses spectatorship in the cinema generally, and in the horror genre specifically, I analyze the perverse pleasure afforded by The Blair Witch Project. To do this I argue that pleasure in horror is afforded through the masochistic positioning of the viewer, especially in relation to psychoanalytic theories surrounding gender in spectator positioning. I also look at the way the film re-deploys conventions, both documentary conceptions of the ‘real’, as well as generic expectations of horror, to activate the perverse pleasure of horror.
117

Intersubjectivité et Singularités en Entrepreneuriat et en Sciences de Gestion

Levy-Tadjine, Thierry 02 December 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Nos travaux de recherche, engagés d'abord dans une perspective d'économiste, puis progressivement, avec une dimension plus gestionnaire, c'est-à-dire intéressée par le pilotage organisationnel et entrepreneurial, peuvent être relus avec le double éclairage de l'intersubjectivité et de la singularité.<br />On peut, en effet, relire notre cheminement de chercheur, des Sciences Economiques vers les Sciences de Gestion, comme articulant deux axes de recherche avec la prise en compte de l'intersubjectivité humaine dans les situations économiques et de gestion, et l'étude de la singularité, en Entrepreneuriat prioritairement. Toutes ces recherches ont en commun un ancrage dans le paradigme épistémologique de l'Individualisme Méthodologique Sophistiqué tel qu'il est revendiqué par les économistes des conventions. L'inscription au sein de ce paradigme nous paraît même constituer aujourd'hui, une convention constitutive des Sciences Managériales et Entrepreneuriales. Ceci nous conduit à envisager, d'abord, une relecture de notre parcours sous l'angle de l'intersubjectivité (I), avant de proposer en quoi, nos travaux en entrepreneuriat articulent intersubjectivité et singularité (II), puis d'en tirer quelques implications générales pour la recherche et l'encadrement de travaux en Sciences de Gestion, en évoquant nos perspectives de recherche et les propositions épistémologiques et méthodologiques qui résultent de nos réflexions (III).<br />Comme nous le montrons en proposant une relecture critique de l'ensemble de nos travaux, notre perception de l'intersubjectivité est intimement liée à la pensée de Jürgen HABERMAS. Or, ce dernier fixe trois objectifs imbriqués à la Science moderne et à la production de connaissances scientifiques pour qu'elle dépasse le dogmatisme : <br /> - tout d'abord, un intérêt directement opératoire, l'accent étant mis sur l'identification et la manipulation de variables ;<br /> - ensuite, un intérêt de « raison pratique », la science visant à l'interprétation de la communication symbolique et facilitant la compréhension mutuelle ; <br /> - enfin, un intérêt critique et émancipatoire, la science ayant alors pour finalité, dans une perspective pragmatique, de produire le changement social et d'éliminer la souffrance socialement inutile. Comme le note DESREUMAUX (2005; 17), « l'oubli de la valeur critique et émancipatoire » qui, pour HABERMAS, menace nombre de scientifiques modernes, «est signe d'une incapacité à voir en quoi l'activité scientifique est encastrée dans le processus d'autoformation de l'homme à travers lequel les hommes reconstituent continuellement leurs institutions sociales et leurs identités ». <br />Adhérant à ce triple objectif, nous nous efforçons de proposer une relecture de nos travaux et de nos engagements qui en rende compte.
118

Performance du travail, règles et valeurs. Une approche conventionnaliste du travail très qualifié

Rocca, Michel 12 December 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Ce texte de l'Habilitation à Diriger les Recherches en sciences économiques propose une réflexion d'économie appliquée sur la performance du travail. Une approche empirique, au sens de A. Marshall, et micro-analytique [Eymard-Duvernay et Marchal, (1994), Reynaud, (2003)] de la coordination en matière de performance du travail est développée. Visant à une appréhension réaliste et explicative des règles, cette approche emprunte à la démarche de Newell et Simon (1972) installant des "protocoles d'analyse" qui consistent, par un dispositif d'observation rapprochée des situations de travail, à recueillir auprès des acteurs leurs modes de résolution des problèmes (search routine). Empruntant aux inspirations originelles de la théorie de la régulation, une réflexion "néo-réaliste" (Amable, Palombarini, 2005) sur les institutions du travail est proposée.
119

Conventions, Price Fluctuations and microstructure of Financial Markets

Wyart, Matthieu 09 December 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Les fluctuations des cours de la bourse ont des propriétés étonnantes. La volatilité (l'amplitude de ces fluctuations) est environ un ordre de grandeur plus grand que les prédictions de la théorie des marches efficients, et est corrèlee sur des échelles de temps très longs. Les agents sur réagissent aux informations. On montre que ces propriétés apparaissent lorsque les agents agissent en fonction de leur expérience et du passe du marché. On étudie aussi la microstructure des marchés, qui régulent les échanges aux temps courts. On explique pourquoi le prix est diffusif bien que les ordres marchés (les chocs subis par les prix) soient très corrélés. On évalue la fourchette des prix par des arguments de symétrie.
120

Le concept d'entité comptable : une interprétation par la théorie des conventions

Amblard, Marc 01 December 1999 (has links) (PDF)
Toute modélisation comptable suppose qu'une zone d'observation soit préalablement définie. Il est alors possible d'identifier, d'enregistrer et de communiquer les informations à propos de cette entité comme distinctes de toute autre information. Le concept est donc fondamental ; pourtant, force est de reconnaître que le problème de l'entité a trop souvent été occulté, l'intérêt s'étant pratiquement toujours orienté vers la technique comptable.<br />Aussi, après avoir présenté les perspectives historiques et réglementaires de l'entité comptable, une premier titre se propose de décrire, dans une approche constructiviste, les différents regards qu'on peut lui porter ainsi que les dysfonctionnements liés aux divergences perceptuelles. La théorie de l'agence nous donne ainsi l'occasion de saisir les facteurs qui aboutirent à la suprématie d'un modèle particulier de l'entité comptable, celui du propriétaire. En revanche, elle nous semble inapte à expliquer certaines de ses évolutions.<br />Le parti est alors pris dans un second titre d'adopter un nouvel outil théorique capable d'éclairer la construction comptable de l'entité et ses transformations. Il s'agit plus précisément de présenter la théorie des conventions comme une alternative au paradigme contractualiste. Nous découvrons ainsi que toute convention comptable est une procédure collective identifiable par sa conformation. <br />Toutefois, la régularité qui caractérise la convention n'exclut en rien son évolution. Une esquisse de théorie sur la dynamique conventionnaliste permet alors de comprendre que les conventions qui déterminent l'entité comptable et ses frontières, s'inscrivent dans un mouvement inéluctable. Certes, la résistance des règles établies est envisageable, mais la comptabilité est aussi un système qui présente la particularité de s'adapter. Or si certains utilisateurs souffrent de ce qu'ils estiment être des dysfonctionnements de l'entité comptable, il est probable, que les conventions qui la fondent se verront tôt ou tard remises en cause. La lutte qui s'en suivra pourra éventuellement donner le jour à de nouvelles conventions, et donc à une entité remodelée. De nombreux indices nous invitent même à considérer que le processus est déjà bien engagé.

Page generated in 0.0786 seconds