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The initial motivation of this work was the understanding that the two views of competitive advantage of strategic management - the Market-based View (MBV) and the Resource-based View (RBV) - need a theoretically structured combination. Moreover, another problem considered is the perception that the literature on process-orientation does not explicate its linkages with strategic management. Following these theoretical demands, this work offered a proposal that integrates the process-orientation into a model of core competence management (CCM).

The link between information technology (IT) and competitive advantage has been the preoccupation of many IT researchers. IT plays a key role as a necessary, but not sufficient, source of value. Prior research has in most cases investigated the direct link between IT and competitive advantage. Other researchers have examined the effect of IT on mediating factors (such as firm strategy) or applied higher order IT support for core competences in their research constructs. Only a few have recognised the potential of IT in enabling dynamic capabilities. This thesis argues that the dynamic capability perspective of strategic management provides a better insight into how IT, beyond its traditional role, needs to be converted into a higher order resource to deliver competitive advantage. The objectives of the study are therefore: (1) to apply the concept of the dynamic capability perspective to the IT-competitive advantage research in order to explicate the strategic role of IT in attaining competitive advantage; and (2) to examine the antecedent capabilities and competences that may lead towards developing adaptive IT capability. This study proposes and empirically tests a dynamic capability-based model of IT and competitive advantage. The proposed model posits adaptive IT capability as a mediating higher order resource that relies on IT capabilities (infrastructure, personnel and management) and IT support for core competences (operational and market) to influence a firm's competitive position (competitive edge in market and financial performance). The model also hypothesises that IT support for core competences can lead to competitive advantages. To test the model, data were collected from a cross- sectional sample of 203 medium- and large-sized Australian organisations. Descriptive and analytical (structural equation modelling) tools were employed to test both the measurement and structural models. The findings reveal that the developed model explained 28% of the variance in competitive advantage, 72% for adaptive IT capability, 51% for IT support for operational and market competence, demonstrating the strategic role of adaptive IT capabilities as sources of competitive advantage. This indicates that those firms that deploy IT for creating operational and market competences require a further capacity to rebuild and reconfigure their resources to improve market and financial performance. Thus, it appears that the impact of IT support for core competences on competitive advantage is not direct, but indirect through adaptive IT capability. Several IT capabilities and competences were identified as antecedents for building adaptive IT capabilities. This PhD study's main contribution lies in bridging a research gap by developing and empirically testing a model of adaptive IT capability that measures how IT can enable firms' dynamic capabilities. The model includes both the antecedent factors that build the higher order resource of adaptive IT capability (upstream factors) as well as the effect on competitive advantage (downstream factors). Practitioners can benefit from the results of this study in terms of the ramifications for investment decisions as well as to benchmark where they stand with their IT in terms of potential for value creation and business support.

p. 1-227 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-03-25T20:02:04Z No. of bitstreams: 10 capaanexo.pdf: 33298 bytes, checksum: ac6332e53a08850ab7509275c7453290 (MD5) REFERÊNCIAS.pdf: 126470 bytes, checksum: 28fde4ea25a02170f358cbd68fd9dfda (MD5) dissertação.pdf: 2017230 bytes, checksum: 171ff5e98ee20e30728601d3093e67c2 (MD5) capaapendice.pdf: 19258 bytes, checksum: 2b47b1dbbadcb2dfb629aa3a7e50be28 (MD5) capa.pdf: 120601 bytes, checksum: 0019921ab357b885c9d398c3b92a6e50 (MD5) APENDICE.pdf: 215137 bytes, checksum: d1cc91d84031b7fdc9a0ccbe2019658b (MD5) ANEXO D.pdf: 125033 bytes, checksum: 0e0c0b163bf5895ea47c3c7cb2678395 (MD5) ANEXO C.pdf: 178069 bytes, checksum: a3e5ec19fc5c2438e99fa7cdadf2d168 (MD5) ANEXO B.pdf: 81669 bytes, checksum: 4c4c96019bfc1959f9c77d3e29311a27 (MD5) ANEXO A.pdf: 64967 bytes, checksum: 84cfa793ca306187c3fb1173cf06496a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima(tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2013-04-02T20:07:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 10 capaanexo.pdf: 33298 bytes, checksum: ac6332e53a08850ab7509275c7453290 (MD5) REFERÊNCIAS.pdf: 126470 bytes, checksum: 28fde4ea25a02170f358cbd68fd9dfda (MD5) dissertação.pdf: 2017230 bytes, checksum: 171ff5e98ee20e30728601d3093e67c2 (MD5) capaapendice.pdf: 19258 bytes, checksum: 2b47b1dbbadcb2dfb629aa3a7e50be28 (MD5) capa.pdf: 120601 bytes, checksum: 0019921ab357b885c9d398c3b92a6e50 (MD5) APENDICE.pdf: 215137 bytes, checksum: d1cc91d84031b7fdc9a0ccbe2019658b (MD5) ANEXO D.pdf: 125033 bytes, checksum: 0e0c0b163bf5895ea47c3c7cb2678395 (MD5) ANEXO C.pdf: 178069 bytes, checksum: a3e5ec19fc5c2438e99fa7cdadf2d168 (MD5) ANEXO B.pdf: 81669 bytes, checksum: 4c4c96019bfc1959f9c77d3e29311a27 (MD5) ANEXO A.pdf: 64967 bytes, checksum: 84cfa793ca306187c3fb1173cf06496a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-02T20:07:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 10 capaanexo.pdf: 33298 bytes, checksum: ac6332e53a08850ab7509275c7453290 (MD5) REFERÊNCIAS.pdf: 126470 bytes, checksum: 28fde4ea25a02170f358cbd68fd9dfda (MD5) dissertação.pdf: 2017230 bytes, checksum: 171ff5e98ee20e30728601d3093e67c2 (MD5) capaapendice.pdf: 19258 bytes, checksum: 2b47b1dbbadcb2dfb629aa3a7e50be28 (MD5) capa.pdf: 120601 bytes, checksum: 0019921ab357b885c9d398c3b92a6e50 (MD5) APENDICE.pdf: 215137 bytes, checksum: d1cc91d84031b7fdc9a0ccbe2019658b (MD5) ANEXO D.pdf: 125033 bytes, checksum: 0e0c0b163bf5895ea47c3c7cb2678395 (MD5) ANEXO C.pdf: 178069 bytes, checksum: a3e5ec19fc5c2438e99fa7cdadf2d168 (MD5) ANEXO B.pdf: 81669 bytes, checksum: 4c4c96019bfc1959f9c77d3e29311a27 (MD5) ANEXO A.pdf: 64967 bytes, checksum: 84cfa793ca306187c3fb1173cf06496a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / O principal objetivo deste estudo é apresentar e discutir a importância de descobrir como as empresas desenvolvem e integram estratégias empresariais e competências individuais de forma a obter vantagens competitivas para a organização e a participação dos empregados no processo estratégico. Sabe-se que, em um ambiente organizacional crescentemente competitivo, não é suficiente obter bons resultados em sistemas isolados, sendo necessário desenvolver programas de gestão integrados, compartilhados e únicos. Através do referencial teórico e da experiência da Policarbonatos do Brasil, este trabalho apresenta um modelo de administração que compatibiliza as estratégias empresariais com a gestão de pessoas a partir da implementação de um sistema de competências individuais. Estes programas, quando integrados, agregam valor tanto econômico, para as empresas, quanto social, para os empregados - a partir da capacitação e envolvimento dos empregados na gestão organizacional. / Salvador

企業的核心競爭優勢是一個建立在企業的核心資源基礎上，包括技術、管理、文化、專利、產業累積知識等，一個整體綜合的優勢，最後反應該企業在市場上經營的結果。企業要先確認自己相對於市場的競爭優勢是什麼，因為長久不斷累積耕耘該領域，企業會比競爭者或新進者擁有更多的學習經驗，擁有更多專業知識，時間一久企業就會把競爭者甩在後頭，獨家擁有最佳的該領域競爭優勢，更讓企業在經營過程會形成不容易被競爭者與新進者模仿、並帶來超額利潤的獨特能力。本研究是藉由理論架構工具來盤點個案公司的競爭優勢構面，為其盤點哪些是有價值性資源、獨特於競爭對手的能力、能力組合成能耐與擁有動態思維行動去適應環境的能力等，為個案公司整理出企業之所以能夠持續保有競爭優勢構面組成。再審視個案公司新製程產品事業策略利用到既有核心競爭優勢的程度高低與個案公司經營績效的關係，提出討論與建議。 / The enterprise’s core Competitive Advantage (CA as the short form shown below) is based on the core resources of an enterprise, these resources are turned to be as the technologies, management, culture, patents, market’s cumulated knowledges and etc., it’s a kind of comprehensive advantages to be reflected on the enterprise’s excellence performance in the market. However, it’s to be to make sure before heading to the market for what the advantages the enterprise will bring to the market and to take a persistent, consecutive and a long-term engagement in the market, it may acquire a lot more of experiences and advanced technologies than the competitors or new comers who may fall much behind, and it becomes the sole leader in the market as it’s surely that the enterprise has core CAs with distinctive and in-imitated phenomenon and bring descent high revenue and profit in the long run after that. This paper is to take a constructive theoretical tool to check the composition of CAs inside the case company to distinguish from what are the value resources, distinctive capabilities, collective core competences and dynamic capability to adapt the environmental change to explain how the case company keep its sustainably CAs in the market. Furthermore, how the existed CAs were used and involved in the new product during the development and what’s the performance comparison according to CAs’ involvement.

De posture épistémologique constructiviste pragmatique, et s’appuyant sur une méthodologie qualitative, cette recherche de type abductif porte sur le contrôle dans la gestion des interfaces inter-organisationnelles au sein du secteur aéronautique civil. A partir d’une observation participante et d’études de cas, il s’agit de soutenir que la réussite des relations inter-organisationnelles dans ce secteur passe par une stratégie et des outils de contrôle reposant sur la prise en compte de leviers critiques établis à partir de la littérature et du terrain, l’orchestration d’une architecture organisationnelle dynamique du contrôle et des mécanismes qui facilitent l’interpénétration des acteurs et le traitement efficace des dimensions informelles et subjectives propres aux relations inter-organisationnelles. En ce sens, l’étude présente les grandes lignes théoriques d’un mode de gouvernance inter-organisationnelle qui favorise cette interpénétration ainsi que des outils de contrôle à considérer, en particulier à l’égard des directions générales. / Parting from a pragmatic constructivist epistemological paradigm, and based on a qualitative methodology, this abductive research explores the strategic management control of inter-organisational relationships (IORs) in civil aerospace. Based on both participating observation and specific case studies, this research aims at demonstrating that the success of inter-organisational relationships in civil aerospace lies in control tools and strategies based on key levers, which we identified thanks to an extensive analysis of existing literature and on-field observations; the orchestration of a dynamic organisational architecture for the control devices and mechanisms, which fosters a sound interpenetration of all actors involved; and the efficient treatment of the informal and subjective dimensions, inherent to inter-organisational relationships. In that sense then, the proposed research offers the theoretical foundations of an inter-organisational mode of governance which fosters said interpenetration and defines the control tools and mechanisms which should be considered for such agreements, by general management in particular.

The initial motivation of this work was the understanding that the two views of competitive advantage of strategic management - the Market-based View (MBV) and the Resource-based View (RBV) - need a theoretically structured combination. Moreover, another problem considered is the perception that the literature on process-orientation does not explicate its linkages with strategic management. Following these theoretical demands, this work offered a proposal that integrates the process-orientation into a model of core competence management (CCM).

SAMMANFATTNING Bakgrund   Cirka 200 miljoner kvinnor lever världen över med någon form av könsstympning, och varje år utsätts 3.9 miljoner kvinnor i världen för detta ingrepp. Ingreppet utförs främst i afrikanska länder och vissa länder i mellanöstern. I och med den pågående migrationen kommer några av dessa kvinnor komma i kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården i de mottagande länder när de söker vård. Kvinnorna har olika upplevelser av vårdmötet beroende på hur de blir bemötta. Inom transkulturell omvårdnad är det en viktig förutsättning för sjukvårdspersonal att ha kunskap om andra kulturer, idéer och värderingar kring hälsa, ohälsa och omvårdnad. Syfte Att belysa upplevelser av mötet med hälso- och sjukvården hos kvinnor som tidigare genomgått könsstympning. Metod En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt har genomförts baserat på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ design. De inkluderade artiklarna har eftersökts i databaserna PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite och PsycINFO med relevanta sökord relaterat till studiens syfte. Resultat Vid sammanställning av resultatet framträdde tre huvudkategorier: Brist på kunskap om könsstympning hos sjukvården, Betydelsen av anpassad omvårdnad samt Informerande vårdmöten kan ändra kvinnans inställning till könsstympning. Utifrån de tre huvudkategorierna skapades två underkategorier där det beskrivs sviterna av vårdmötet i ursprungsländer och bristfälligt bemötande från vården i mottagande länder, vad det kan innebära för kvinnor som är könsstympade. Slutsats Några delar av hälso- och sjukvården är inte bereda att erbjuda kulturellt anpassad vård till kvinnor med könsstympning och därför bemöts kvinnorna av okunskap i vårdmötet. Att bli bemött på ett lyhört, empatiskt och respektfullt sätt gör att dessa kvinnor känner sig trygga i mötet med vården och att deras problem tas på allvar. En tillitsfull relation med vården kan vara ett verktyg för att bekämpa det fortsatta utförandet av ingreppet på framtida generationer av flickor och kvinnor. / ABSTRACT Background Around 200 million women worldwide live with some form of genital mutilation and the number is growing as 3.9 million women are being exposed to this procedure every year. The procedure is performed mainly in African countries and some countries in the Middle East. With the ongoing migration patterns, healthcare in the host countries will encounter more and more women living with some form of genital mutilation. The women have different experiences of their encounter with the health care system based on how they were treated. In transcultural nursing, it is an important prerequisite for healthcare professionals to have knowledge of other cultures and their ideas and values around health, sickness, and nursing.  Aim To highlight the experiences of women previously exposed to genital mutilation encounters with health care. Method A non-systematic literature review has been conducted based on 16 scientific articles of both qualitative and quantitative design. The included articles have been searched in four databases with keywords relevant to the purpose of the study.  Results The quality of selected articles was examined, and the content was analyzed to be compiled into three main categories: Lack of knowledge about genital mutilation within the healthcare system, The importance of tailored nursing as well as Informative meetings with healthcare providers can change the woman's attitude to genital mutilation. Based on the first main category, two subcategories were created: The outcome of encounters with healthcare in the country of origin and Unsatisfactory treatment from healthcare in the host countries.  Conclusions The encounter can be experienced in various ways by women who have undergone genital mutilation based on how they are treated by health care professionals. There are some parts of the meeting that carry more weight than others. Being treated in a responsive, empathetic, and respectful manner gives these women a feeling of safety during the encounter and that their health issues are taken seriously. A trusting relationship with health care can even be a way to fight the continuation of the tradition on future generations of girls.