Public demands have forced countries to explore new ways of rendering primary health care to reach the poor who are not within reach of the modern health care systems. New categories of health care personnel, like lay health workers emerged. There are vast differences in the roles of these lay health workers as was revealed with an extensive literature search. The phenomenology qualitative research method was used to investigate perceptions of farm lay health workers regarding their roles in rural areas. A convenience, non-random sample (N=5) was used for focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to collect data. The latter revealed five main themes associated with the role of farm lay health workers: (1) community link; (2) carer; (3) community developer; (4) counsellor and (5) role model. Guidelines were formulated to enhance the role of lay health workers in the rural Western Cape Province and to improve the quality of care to rural communities / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Die effek van die nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse bedeling kring uit na alle samelewingsterreine en die onderwys is nie hiervan uitgesluit nie. Hierdie navorsing is daarop toegespits om ondersoek in te stel na die funksionering en strukturering van, en nuwe moontlik:hede vir sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste. Met die skrapping van die apartheidsbeleid is sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste voor die werklik:heid gestel om in 'n multikulturele sarnelewing te funksioneer. In Suid-Afrika is multikulturele berading, hulpverlening en toetsing 'n haas onbekende terrein en die probleme word in hierdie navorsing aangespreek. In onderhawige studie is daar gekyk na die veranderende funksies van die opvoedkundige sielkundige en ander professionele persone verbonde aan skoolklinieke. Die besondere rol van die skoolvoorligter en die klasonderwyser is uitgelig. , Die nuwe politieke bedeling verg die herstrukturering van sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste. Die verskillende tersaaklike aspekte is bespreek en voorstelle is aan die hand gedoen. Oorkoepelende beplanning behoort op nasionale vlak te geskied, terwyl provinsiale strukture binne die raarnwerk van eiesoortige omstandighede en unieke behoeftes tot stand moet kom. Die onontbeerlike rol en funksie van hierdie diens en sy essensiele bydrae in die totstandkoming van 'n nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysbedeling is uitgewys. / The effect of the new South-African dispensation extends to all areas of society and education is not excluded. This research is aimed at investigating the functioning and structuring of psychological and counselling services as well as exploring the new possibilities of these services. With the scrapping of apartheid policies the psychological and counselling services are faced with the reality of functioning in a multicultural society. In South-Africa multicultural counselling, assistance and testing is a virtually unknown area and problems pertaining to these are addressed in this research. In the present study the changing functions of the educational psychologist and other professionals adherent to the school clinics are considered. The particular roles of the school counsellor and class teacher are highlighted. The new political dispensation requires the re-structuring of psychological and counselling services. The different relevant aspects are discussed and suggestions are put forward. Umbrella planning needs to be done on national level, while provincial structures must be brought about within the framework of distinctive circumstances and unique needs. The indispensable role and function of this service and its essential contribution to the bringing about of a new South-African education dispensation are pointed out. / Educational Studies / D. Ed.

Les années 1948-55 sont décisives pour le regain de la souveraineté ouest-allemande et l’intégration de la République fédérale à l’Ouest. Au cours de cette période, on observe la transformation des trois zones placées sous l’autorité suprême des alliés occidentaux en un Etat (quasi) souverain, membre de l’OTAN. Wilhelm Grewe, professeur de droit international, s’engage dès la première heure en faveur d’une base juridique pour les relations avec les Alliés sous forme d’un statut d’occupation (en rédigeant notamment Ein Besatzungsstatut für Deutschland en 1948).En 1951, Konrad Adenauer lui confie la direction de la délégation chargée de négocier le Traité Général sur l’Allemagne (« Deutschlandvertrag »). Wilhelm Grewe use d’astuces juridiques et de pragmatisme politique afin de réaliser les objectifs du chancelier. Les discussions portent essentiellement sur les questions de la souveraineté allemande, de l’autorité suprême, des droits réservés des Alliés, ainsi que sur une garantie de sécurité pour la République fédérale. Le traité, intrinsèquement lié à celui de la CED, est signé en mai 1952.La ratification des deux traités mène à des débats houleux au « Bundestag », notamment sur les questions de la nation allemande et du réarmement. Wilhelm Grewe est alors chargé de la défense juridique des traités devant le parlement et la Cour constitutionnelle. Il joue de nouveau un rôle important lors de la renégociation du Traité Général à la suite de l’échec de la CED. En mai 1955, un « Deutschlandvertrag » remodelé entre en vigueur, le statut d’occupation est aboli, et la République Fédérale rejoint les rangs de l’OTAN et de l’UEO. / The period from 1948 to 1955 was crucial for West Germany's attempts to regain her sovereignty and to achieve her integration into the West. During that time the three zones placed under the Supreme Authority of the Western Allies gradually progressed to becoming a (quasi) sovereign state and a full member of NATO.Wilhelm Grewe, a German professor of international law, was one of those who at a very early stage pleaded for a Statute of Occupation (in 1948, he published Ein Besatzungsstatut für Deutschland) in order to create a legal framework for the relations between the Allies and Germany.In 1951 Konrad Adenauer appointed him Head of delegation for the negotiation of the General Treaty on Germany (“Deutschlandvertrag”). With his legal expertise and his political pragmatism Wilhelm Grewe tried to fulfill the Chancellor’s objectives. The negotiations focused on German sovereignty, supreme authority, the reserved rights of the Allies and a security guarantee for the Federal Republic. This treaty, which was coupled with the EDC, was signed in May 1952.The ratification of both treaties gave rise to stormy debates in the “Bundestag”, concentrating especially on the questions of German reunification and rearmament. Grewe was then entrusted with the legal defence of the treaties vis-à-vis Parliament and the Constitutional Court.He was again called to play an important role when the General Treaty had to be renegotiated after the EDC had failed. In May 1955 a revised “Deutschlandvertrag” entered into force, the Statute of Occupation was abolished and the Federal Republic of Germany became a member of NATO and of the WEU.

The purpose of this ethnographic study is to explore the following: 1. The counsellors’ experience of the process of career counselling provided to students at a distance learning institution 2. My own experiences of doing counselling with Unisa students. 3. How Holland’s career theory, the social cognitive career theory and the chaos theory of careers could shape the process of career counselling. The themes that emanated from the stories of six counsellors indicate that they view counselling as a continuous process wherein it is necessary to strike a balance through blended counselling between the needs of individuals versus helping the multitude of anonymous students. In order to facilitate counselling effectively, counsellors need resources and in order to develop these resources they use a diversity of career theories which act as a frame of reference. Attention is given to the development of career counsellors’ identity and self-confidence and how this impacts on the counsellors’ growth. The recommendations of this study hold the promise of contributing to the counselling process at the DCCD. / Psychology / D.Litt.et Phil. (Psychology)

The purpose of this study is to tell the story of how four peer helpers within the Unisa Peer Help Volunteer Programme managed their portfolio development processes to monitor their growth and development which took place as a result of their involvement in peer helper activities. The epistemological framework of this study is interpretive and involved in-depth interviews with four peer helpers who rendered volunteer services at the University of South Africa and have been developing their career portfolios over a period of time. Hermeneutics was the method used to analyse the data. The stories of the four participants were transcribed and retold by the researcher in the form of themes that emerged. This study contained the stories of how the participants initially struggled to understand the concept and purpose of portfolios; how they took charge of the process; and how their attitudes changed from uncertainty and confusion to viewing the process as worthwhile - thus enabling them to commit themselves, to varying degrees, to the development of their individual portfolios. Recurring themes present in all four stories were described in the researcher's story of the participants' stories. The information generated by this study could serve as guidelines for not only peer helpers interested in developing their own portfolios, but also for project leaders involved in the management of peer helper groups and who plan to implement portfolios in their programmes. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Die effek van die nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse bedeling kring uit na alle samelewingsterreine en die onderwys is nie hiervan uitgesluit nie. Hierdie navorsing is daarop toegespits om ondersoek in te stel na die funksionering en strukturering van, en nuwe moontlik:hede vir sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste. Met die skrapping van die apartheidsbeleid is sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste voor die werklik:heid gestel om in 'n multikulturele sarnelewing te funksioneer. In Suid-Afrika is multikulturele berading, hulpverlening en toetsing 'n haas onbekende terrein en die probleme word in hierdie navorsing aangespreek. In onderhawige studie is daar gekyk na die veranderende funksies van die opvoedkundige sielkundige en ander professionele persone verbonde aan skoolklinieke. Die besondere rol van die skoolvoorligter en die klasonderwyser is uitgelig. , Die nuwe politieke bedeling verg die herstrukturering van sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste. Die verskillende tersaaklike aspekte is bespreek en voorstelle is aan die hand gedoen. Oorkoepelende beplanning behoort op nasionale vlak te geskied, terwyl provinsiale strukture binne die raarnwerk van eiesoortige omstandighede en unieke behoeftes tot stand moet kom. Die onontbeerlike rol en funksie van hierdie diens en sy essensiele bydrae in die totstandkoming van 'n nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysbedeling is uitgewys. / The effect of the new South-African dispensation extends to all areas of society and education is not excluded. This research is aimed at investigating the functioning and structuring of psychological and counselling services as well as exploring the new possibilities of these services. With the scrapping of apartheid policies the psychological and counselling services are faced with the reality of functioning in a multicultural society. In South-Africa multicultural counselling, assistance and testing is a virtually unknown area and problems pertaining to these are addressed in this research. In the present study the changing functions of the educational psychologist and other professionals adherent to the school clinics are considered. The particular roles of the school counsellor and class teacher are highlighted. The new political dispensation requires the re-structuring of psychological and counselling services. The different relevant aspects are discussed and suggestions are put forward. Umbrella planning needs to be done on national level, while provincial structures must be brought about within the framework of distinctive circumstances and unique needs. The indispensable role and function of this service and its essential contribution to the bringing about of a new South-African education dispensation are pointed out. / Educational Studies / D. Ed.

Public demands have forced countries to explore new ways of rendering primary health care to reach the poor who are not within reach of the modern health care systems. New categories of health care personnel, like lay health workers emerged. There are vast differences in the roles of these lay health workers as was revealed with an extensive literature search. The phenomenology qualitative research method was used to investigate perceptions of farm lay health workers regarding their roles in rural areas. A convenience, non-random sample (N=5) was used for focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to collect data. The latter revealed five main themes associated with the role of farm lay health workers: (1) community link; (2) carer; (3) community developer; (4) counsellor and (5) role model. Guidelines were formulated to enhance the role of lay health workers in the rural Western Cape Province and to improve the quality of care to rural communities / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Ill-discipline behaviour has become a canker that threatens the moral fibre of institutions. The purpose of this study was to explore how discipline measures and practices were viewed by teacher trainees and college managers alike. Furthermore, to determine what comprehensive counselling approaches were in place to manage ill-discipline behaviour acts in colleges of education in Ghana. A qualitative discourse analysis study design was employed in the study. In all, 25 participants were purposively selected from five colleges of education for the study using a semi-structured interview guide. Data collected was transcribed, coded, categorized and qualitatively analysed under themes that emerged from the analysis using the thematic approach. The study revealed that several illdiscipline behaviour acts exist in colleges of education, with perversion being the most prevailing ill-discipline behaviour act. The study also revealed that tertiarization of colleges is the major cause of ill-discipline behaviour among students in the colleges of education and poor academic performance being the major negative effect of ill-discipline behaviour in the colleges of education. The study recommended that the college council and management should put adequate measures in place to strengthen Guidance and Counselling units in the colleges of education. The study also recommended that college counsellors should be equipped to use appropriate counselling approaches and techniques to counsel students to desist from indulging in ill-discipline behaviour acts. / Educational Management and Leadership / D. Phil. (Education Management)

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka socialsekreterares och hälso- och sjukvårdskuratorers upplevelser av samverkan mellan rättspsykiatri och socialtjänst vid utslussning av rättspsykiatriska klienter, sett ur ett maktperspektiv. Studiens empiri grundar sig på åtta semi-strukturerade intervjuer, fyra med varje yrkesgrupp, som sedan analyserats med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Studiens slutsats visar på att samverkan mellan socialtjänst och rättspsykiatri påverkas av organisatoriska, ekonomiska och mellanmänskliga faktorer som är svåra att påverka. Studien bekräftar även tidigare samverkansforskning som visar på svårigheter i samverkan när aktörer har olika förutsättningar, uppdrag och mål. Slutsatserna i denna studie leder oss till att förstå intervjupersonernas upplevelser av samverkan mellan rättspsykiatri och socialtjänst. Dessa går att förstås genom: värdet av kompromisser, förståelsen för varandras villkor och behov, upplevelsen av bristande mandat, maktlöshet samt rollförvirring. / The aim of this study is to examine social workers and health care counsellors experiences of cooperation between forensic psychiatry and social services during discharge of forensic psychiatric clients, seen from a power perspective. The study's empiricism is based on eight semi-structured interviews, four with each professional group, which were analyzed using a thematic analysis. The study's conclusions show that collaboration between social services and forensic psychiatry is affected by organizational, financial and inter personal factors that are difficult to affect. The study confirms previous collaboration research that shows difficulties in collaboration when actors have different conditions, assignments and goals. The conclusions of this study lead us to understand that the interviewees experiences of collaboration between forensic psychiatry and social services can be understood through: the value of compromise, the understanding of each other's conditions and needs, the experience of a lack of mandate, powerlessness and role confusion.

No description available.