Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RICARDO BOSQUESI.pdf: 371861 bytes, checksum: 99ac8123a26f52614e53e2e13f44c90a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-29 / This one is about the created ground, instituted by the Federal Law nº 10,257, of July, 10th of 2001 - Statute of the City, as legal and politician institute adopted for the Urban Politics. Its structure, constituent elements, base and purposes are objects of inquiry of this work. It is analyzed the viability of its application, in the concretion of the general lines of direction proposals in the Statute of the City and principles contained in the Federal Constitution, relation to the control of the use of the ground and adequate ordinance of the cities. However, it serves to alert of the possibility of its disparagement, when absent a plan of institution and objective control, careful, impersonal and before everything, moral, by the City. Badly employee, will serve as an aggravation factor of the social inaqualities, allowing speculatives practices, socializing the losses and privatizing the decurrent profits of the urbanistic activity of the Public Power. Ahead of the normative quadrant of the Statute of the City in relation to the created ground (for being general norm), little can affirm concerning its efficiency, as legal and politician instrument of the Urban Politics. It will depend much more on the City, in the way that was structuralized the created ground, by its Managing Plan and specific City Law, the success or failure in the concretion of the objectives of the Urban Politics. Some aspects of the created ground had been left to the City so that they instituted them close to reality, in the scope of its discretional ability. In this point, important is the role of the doctrine and jurisprudence that are forming (has seen the recent normatization by the Statute of the City), so that they can offer parameters to guide its creation and improvement or, at least, to point the points that fatally will be able to lead to the purpose shunting line / Trata-se do solo criado, instituído pela Lei Federal nº 10.257, de 10 de julho de 2001 Estatuto da Cidade, como instituto jurídico e político adotado pela Política Urbana. Sua estrutura, elementos constitutivos, fundamentos e finalidades são objetos de investigação deste trabalho. Analisa-se a viabilidade de sua aplicação na concretização das diretrizes gerais propostas no Estatuto da Cidade e princípios contidos na Constituição Federal, em relação ao controle do uso do solo e ordenação adequada das cidades. Porém, serve para alertar da possibilidade de seu desvirtuamento, quando ausente um plano de instituição e controle objetivo, criterioso, impessoal e antes de tudo, moral, por parte do Município. Mal empregado, servirá como fator de agravamento das desigualdades sociais, permitindo práticas especulativas, socializando-se as perdas e privatizando-se os lucros decorrentes da atividade urbanística do Poder Público. Diante do quadrante normativo do Estatuto da Cidade em relação ao solo criado (por ser norma geral), pouco se pode afirmar acerca da sua eficiência, como instrumento político e jurídico da Política Urbana. Dependerá muito mais do Município, da maneira que foi estruturado o solo criado, por meio de seu Plano Diretor e Lei Municipal específica, o sucesso ou insucesso na concretização dos objetivos da Política Urbana. Vários aspectos do solo criado foram deixados ao Município para que os instituíssem de forma mais próxima a sua realidade, no âmbito de sua competência discricionária. Neste ponto, sobreleva-se o papel da doutrina e jurisprudência que estão se formando (haja vista a recente positivação pelo Estatuto da Cidade), a fim de que possam ofertar parâmetros para orientar sua criação e melhoria ou, ao menos, apontar os pontos que fatalmente poderão levar ao desvio de finalidade

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RANNIEL MARTINS SILVA.pdf: 1501745 bytes, checksum: 0fe681665ca9ea6116830db5648d6bba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-10 / With the aim of Soil design approach Created in Goiania since 1994, set by the Strategic Plan, by directive of the City Statute, focusing on demonstration of social control, its origin and application of resources. Throughout its 83 years, his initial Urban Plan, by Attilio Correa Lima, planned city, built in the 1930s, and territorial planning sought-after as one of the growth and development axes. Agreed by the City Statute in 2001, Solo Created is a legal instrument of urban land employed in Goiania since 1994, where its adequacy guidelines is arising from the 1991 Plan and some of its purposes are to raise ordinary appeal to the country. The allocation of its resources is applicable in the development of the city in a sustainable way. Its regulatory norms establish the guidelines of this public policy of occupation and urban sprawl, taking its rise since the foundation stones of the Constitution of 1988 and additional regulations by the City Statute, assisted also by other specific extra Country standards and is an appropriate tool depending on the control of urban territorial growth and social function of property. / Com o objetivo de abordagem da concepção do Solo Criado no município de Goiânia em 1994, definida pelo Plano Diretor, por diretriz do Estatuto da Cidade, com foco na manifestação do controle social, sua origem e aplicação dos recursos. Ao longo de seus 83 anos, seu Plano Urbanístico inicial, por Atílio Correa Lima, Goiânia cidade planejada, construída na década de 1930, buscando o planejamento territorial como um dos eixos de crescimento e desenvolvimento. Convencionado pelo Estatuto da Cidade em 2001, o Solo Criado é um instrumento legal da terra urbana, empregado na cidade de Goiânia desde 1994, onde tem suas diretrizes advinda do Plano Diretor de 1991 e sua finalidade é arrecadar e gerenciar os recursos ordinários no município. A destinação de seus recursos é aplicável no desenvolvimento da cidade de forma sustentável? Suas normas regulamentadoras estabelecem as diretrizes desta política pública de ocupação e expansão urbana, tendo seu surgimento desde as cláusulas pétreas da Constituição Federal de 1988 e regulamentações complementares pelo Estatuto da Cidade, assistida também por outras normas extramunicipal específicas e é uma ferramenta apropriada em função do controle do crescimento territorial urbano e a função social da propriedade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Mauricio Porto Reis.pdf: 884389 bytes, checksum: c87ae0ec970a0765541ddb2685f9b886 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / This Essay intends to discuss the concepts and issues related to Goodwill. For this it was presented the Goodwill role on the Financial Statements as an Intangible Asset. To achieve this goal it was made an analysis of the concepts indicated in the Brazilian Rules, specially the Technical Statement CPC 04 (R1) Intangible Assets and the Technical Statement CPC 15 (R1) Business Combination and the understanding that these rules plays in the registration and valuation of the Goodwill, especially in relation to the impossibility of its registration due to the many limitations of its concept. From the limits imposed by the accountant rules it was explored the main concepts proposed by the majors Authors and Professors about this theme and the conclusion that was presented by them that indicates a residual concept for Goodwill in merger and acquisitions. Once defined the limitations it can be stated that Goodwill can be defined as the overall force of the Identified Assets in a Company, therefore it will be explored a more complex and elaborate issue as the influence and proximity of the intellectual asset and the incorporate synergy. Made this considerations and known its effects, it was evaluated the concepts of the acquired Goodwill and the created Goodwill, in order to conclude that it is not the acquisition that creates the Goodwill it is latent and would be materialized and quantified when acquired. Therefore nothing would forbid that the created Goodwill would be calculated and registered. This would allow the best use by the stake holder of the Financial Statements. At the end it was proposed a quantification criteria and a way to incorporate this value in the Financial Statements / O presente estudo procurou questionar e discutir os conceitos e as demais questões relacionadas ao Goodwill, apresentando sua inserção nas Demonstrações Contábeis como integrante do Ativo de uma entidade no Grupo dos Ativos Não Circulantes, os Ativo Intangíveis. Para tanto, foram avaliados seus conceitos, a partir das Normas Contábeis Brasileiras, em especial o Pronunciamento Técnico CPC 04 (R1) Ativos Intangíveis e o Pronunciamento Técnico CPC 15 (R1) Combinação de Negócios e o entendimento que estas duas normas impõem ao Goodwill, especificamente quanto à impossibilidade de seu registro, por conta de diversas limitações que seu conceito incorpora. Com base nas limitações impostas pelas Normas Contábeis foram explorados os diversos conceitos propostos pelos principais autores sobre o tema e, desse modo, é possível compreender que as normas incorporam o conceito de residual que o Goodwill possui em uma aquisição por combinação de negócios. Assim, definidas as limitações e conhecidos os conceitos, se constatou que o Goodwill pode ser simplesmente definido como sendo a força do conjunto de Ativos Identificáveis tratados nas circunstâncias em que se situam em uma entidade; passou-se a considerar a questão conceitual mais sofisticada, como a proximidade com o Capital Intelectual e o efeito sinérgico que incorpora. Feitas estas observações e conhecidos os seus efeitos, avaliou-se o chamado Goodwill adquirido ou comprado e o Goodwill gerado internamente, para concluir que não é a aquisição de uma entidade por combinação, que gera o Goodwill − ele está latente e é materializado neste momento mas, nada impede que seja apurado e calculado periodicamente, como uma forma de permitir ao usuário das Demonstrações Contábeis dispor de uma informação mais confiável e completa. Ao final, foi proposto um critério de mensuração e uma forma de incorporação às Demonstrações Contábeis, ao menos, anualmente

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Antonio Apparecido Junior.pdf: 887711 bytes, checksum: 72f1528afb067861e877861e308112d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-25 / This study aims to investigate the ability to build in urban land and the urban property as well as its connection with the urban plan and the building potential in order to get sustainable cities. To accomplish such task the study revisits basic concepts of Urban Planning, Urban Law and Right to the City disclosing the connection between the science of urban planning and related legal mechanisms which turn mandatory the conclusions of the studies and plans made under their guidelines. From this overview reviews the fundamentals of Urban Law in our country, considering the text of the Federal Constitution and the City Statute, from which are highlighted key themes of this branch of law in Brazil. Theoretical foundations that support the understanding adopted in the study are exposed with special considerations to the Theory of the Legal Hypothesis according to Engisch and the possibility of updating rules of the Constitution and Laws by virtue of changes within the society. And considering these assumptions the study analyzes the Urban Property according to the Brazilian legal context and its content highlighting key elements of their understanding, such as the phenomena of constitutionalization and democratization of the Civil Law and the social function of property. From this point it examines the building potential institute within Brazilian urban land highlighting the contraposition between the classic civilistic vision and the urbanistic perception on the subject. Once based on the study of the created land institute and on its main tools got from the City Statute it is possible to adopt a concept of building potential in urban sites that promotes urban planning. The analysis of the building potential as a legal good for urban real estate closes the study; and its characterization as a tool for regulating the urban environment due to the task constitutionally marked to provide sustainable cities for everyone is not a result of the property right; but actually it is a legal good that can be analyzed from different perspectives - urbanistic, civil and environmental / O presente estudo dedica-se a investigar a edificabilidade em solo urbano e a propriedade urbanística, assim como sua relação com o plano urbanístico e com o bem jurídico potencial construtivo na busca das cidades sustentáveis. Para realizar esta tarefa, revisita os conceitos básicos de urbanismo, direito urbanístico e de direito à cidade, mostrando a relação entre a ciência do urbanismo e os correlatos jurídicos que tornam exigíveis as conclusões dos estudos e planos elaborados sob suas diretrizes. A partir desta visão panorâmica, são analisados os fundamentos do direito urbanístico em nosso país, partindo-se do texto da Constituição Federal até o Estatuto da Cidade, do qual são destacados temas fundamentais deste ramo do direito no Brasil. São expostos, então, os fundamentos teóricos que dão suporte ao entendimento adotado no estudo, assim especialmente considerados a teoria da hipótese legal de Engisch e a possibilidade de atualização normativa dos textos constitucionais e legais por mudanças de fato e de valor ocorridas na sociedade. Com tais premissas, é realizada a análise da propriedade urbanística vigente no ordenamento jurídico pátrio e de seu conteúdo, destacando-se elementos essenciais à sua compreensão, tais como os fenômenos da constitucionalização e publicização do direito civil e o da função social da propriedade. Investiga-se, a partir deste ponto, o instituto da edificabilidade em solo urbano no Brasil, destacando-se a contraposição entre a visão civilista clássica e a percepção urbanística sobre o tema. Com o estudo do instituto do solo criado e de seus principais instrumentos de utilização trazidos no Estatuto da Cidade mostra-se possível adotar um conceito de potencial construtivo nos sítios urbanos que privilegie o planejamento urbanístico. Encerra o trabalho a análise do potencial construtivo em imóveis urbanos como bem jurídico que serve de instrumento para a regulação do meio ambiente urbano, em razão da tarefa constitucionalmente assinalada de propiciar a todos as cidades sustentáveis, concluindo-se que o potencial construtivo não constitui uma decorrência do direito de propriedade, mas sim um bem jurídico que pode ser analisado sob diferentes perspectivas a urbanística, a civil e a ambiental

This research addresses an urgent contemporary problem within advertising and brand management in the new era of social networks - how do companies act on social networking platforms and how is this perceived by consumers? Being successful on Facebook is, seemingly, not as straight forward as many might think, and the misuse deriving from misperceptions can create negative brand impacts. This research aims to shed light on the yet under researched topic of firm-created Social Media advertising and its effects on the consumer mindset. This has lead to three overarching research questions, which provides a strong theoretical and practical contribution to the status quo:   RQ1:          What is the influence of the gap between motivational factors to “Like” a brand’s Facebook page and the subsequent firm-created Facebook advertising on perceived advertising value?   RQ2:          What is the influence of perceived advertising value on consumer brand-related activities?   RQ3:                      What is the influence of (1) perceived advertising value and (2) consumer brand-related activities on brand equity?   A quantitative research approach was adopted using a self-administered survey among 101 European Facebook users between 18 and 35. The framework of this research comes from four elements of theory; Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory to identify the underlying motivational factors to engage with a brand on Facebook, advertising value by Ducoffe (1995), to measure how the brand’s advertising is perceived, consumer brand-related activities (COBRA) by Muntinga, et al. (2011) to classify the level of consumer involvement with the brand on Facebook, and the brand value chain by Keller & Lehmann (2003), which is closely related to consumer-based brand equity as developed by Aaker (1991) and Keller (1993).   The main conclusions of this research include that the gap between initial motivations to start a brand-relationship on Facebook and the subsequent activities performed by the firm is smaller for those in a currently active brand-relationship while it is considerable larger for those who have decided to exit the relationship. Moreover, while not statistically confirmed a clear tendency was identified that the perceived advertising value of a brand on Facebook is attributable to the extent of this gap. In the same vein, the decision to continue or exit a brand-relationship on Facebook is attributable by the level of perceived advertising value. The type and level of interaction with a brand is influenced by the perceived advertising value, however, can be influenced by targeting specific motivations to interact. Both the perceived advertising value and the level/type of interaction with a brand were found to influence the consumer mindset. Especially the form (entertaining, enjoyable) in which advertising is dispersed on Facebook proves to be important.

Studiens syfte är att skapa en ökad förståelse om hur svenska förskolebarn i åldrarna fyra och fem år interagerar med och uppfattar de olika artefakterna på sin utegård. Med artefakter menas de fysiska redskap som finns på förskolans utegård. Vi har valt att inrikta oss på om barnen leker enskilt eller tillsammans med andra, om de leker utifrån given funktion eller skapad funktion samt hur de ser på artefakter med hänsyn till estetiska omdömen. Vi har använt oss av metoden the Mosaic approach som lyfter fram barns perspektiv. I vår studie har barn fotograferat utegården. Tio barn intervjuades om utegården där barnens fotografier användes för att samtala om och barnen fick sedan guida oss runt på utegården. I resultatet visade det sig att när barnen samtalade om bilderna kom de fram till många olika användningsområden och åsikter kring artefakterna. Under guidningar fick vi se hur fyra barn interagerade med artefakterna och vi fick även en omfattande bild av utegården. Det visade sig att barnen använde sand ihop med artefakterna, vilket kan bero på att sand är lättillgängligt och enkelt att förflytta. Det visade sig även att barn tänker på sin säkerhet eftersom barnen visade en oro att ramla ner från artefakter som var högt placerade. Vår slutsats är att utegården erbjuder enskildhet och lek tillsammans med andra samt att barnen använder givna och skapade funktioner tillsammans med artefakterna. Studiens resultat visar att artefakterna skapar en trivsam utegård, vilket visar sig när barnen gärna samtalar om och visar de olika artefakterna. / The study's purpose is to create a better understanding of how Swedish preschool children aged four to five years interact with and perceive the various artifacts on their patio. With artifacts means the physical tools that are on the preschool’s patio. We have chosen to focus on if the children play alone or with others, if they play by the given function or created function, and how they see the artifacts considering aesthetic judgments. We have used the method of the Mosaic approach that emphasizes the child's perspective. In our study have the children photographed the patio. Ten children were interviewed about the patio where the children's photographs were used to discuss. Four children guided us around the patio. The results showed that when the children talked about the pictures they came up with many different uses and opinions about the artifacts. During guided tours, we saw how four children interacted with the artifacts and we even got a comprehensive image of the patio. It turned out that the children used the sand together with the artifacts, which may be due to the sand is easily accessible and easy to move. It was also found that children think about their safety because the children showed a concern of falling from the artifacts that were highly placed. Our conclusion is that the patio offers privacy and play together with other children, and to use the given and created functions together with the artifacts. The results of the study show that the artifacts create a pleasant patio, which appears when the children gladly talk about and show the different artifacts.

This is an analysis of how the Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet and the English newspapers The Independent and The Guardian reported about the sexual molestation and rape charges that were alleged against the Wikileaks founder Julian Assange in August 2010. Through a critical discourse analysis, a theme- and proposition analysis and a process analysis this paper aims to investigate how the above mentioned newspapers create reality in their articles. The purpose is to shed light upon with what means the journalists through the inherited structures of the newspaper illustrate actions and events, how they let other people get visible in the text and who is described as responsible for current events.    The results of the analysis shows that Aftonbladet uses a relatively large amount of propositions and speech cues to create an image of the reality that is almost explicitly angled. Dagens Nyheter and The Independent claims a higher degree of objectivity and through micro themes with different perspectives and few explicit statements they create a reality with plenty of room for the reader to make her own conclusions. The Guardian creates an image of the world where the Wikileaks is a great force of democracy and where actions are performed by humans as well as by objects and organizations.

Σκοπός της Μεταπτυχιακής Εργασίας είναι η επέκταση και αναβάθμιση του μηχανισμού που είχε δημιουργηθεί στα πλαίσια της Διπλωματικής Εργασίας που εκπόνησα με τίτλο «Δημιουργία Πύλης Προσωποποιημένης Πρόσβασης σε Περιεχόμενο του WWW». Η παραπάνω Διπλωματική εργασία περιλάμβανε τη δημιουργία ενός μηχανισμού που ξεκινούσε με ανάκτηση πληροφορίας από το Διαδίκτυο (HTML σελίδες από news portals), εξαγωγή χρήσιμου κειμένου και προεπεξεργασία της πληροφορίας, αυτόματη κατηγοριοποίηση της πληροφορίας και τέλος παρουσίαση στον τελικό χρήστη με προσωποποίηση με στοιχεία που εντοπίζονταν στις επιλογές του χρήστη. Στην παραπάνω εργασία εξετάστηκαν διεξοδικά θέματα που είχαν να κάνουν με τον τρόπο προεπεξεργασίας της πληροφορίας καθώς και με τον τρόπο αυτόματης κατηγοριοποίησης ενώ υλοποιήθηκαν αλγόριθμοι προεπεξεργασίας πληροφορίας τεσσάρων σταδίων και αλγόριθμος αυτόματης κατηγοριοποίησης βασισμένος σε πρότυπες κατηγορίες. Τέλος υλοποιήθηκε portal το οποίο εκμεταλλευόμενο την επεξεργασία που έχει πραγματοποιηθεί στην πληροφορία παρουσιάζει το περιεχόμενο στους χρήστες προσωποποιημένο βάσει των επιλογών που αυτοί πραγματοποιούν. Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας είναι η εξέταση περισσοτέρων αλγορίθμων για την πραγματοποίηση της παραπάνω διαδικασίας αλλά και η υλοποίησή τους προκειμένου να γίνει σύγκριση αλγορίθμων και παραγωγή ποιοτικότερου αποτελέσματος. Πιο συγκεκριμένα αναβαθμίζονται όλα τα στάδια λειτουργίας του μηχανισμού. Έτσι, το στάδιο λήψης πληροφορίας βασίζεται σε έναν απλό crawler λήψης HTML σελίδων από αγγλόφωνα news portals. Η διαδικασία βασίζεται στο γεγονός πως για κάθε σελίδα υπάρχουν RSS feeds. Διαβάζοντας τα τελευταία νέα που προκύπτουν από τις εγγραφές στα RSS feeds μπορούμε να εντοπίσουμε όλα τα URL που περιέχουν HTML σελίδες με τα άρθρα. Οι HTML σελίδες φιλτράρονται προκειμένου από αυτές να γίνει εξαγωγή μόνο του κειμένου και πιο αναλυτικά του χρήσιμου κειμένου ούτως ώστε το κείμενο που εξάγεται να αφορά αποκλειστικά άρθρα. Η τεχνική εξαγωγής χρήσιμου κειμένου βασίζεται στην τεχνική web clipping. Ένας parser, ελέγχει την HTML δομή προκειμένου να εντοπίσει τους κόμβους που περιέχουν μεγάλη ποσότητα κειμένου και βρίσκονται κοντά σε άλλους κόμβους που επίσης περιέχουν μεγάλες ποσότητες κειμένου. Στα εξαγόμενα άρθρα πραγματοποιείται προεπεξεργασία πέντε σταδίων με σκοπό να προκύψουν οι λέξεις κλειδιά που είναι αντιπροσωπευτικές του άρθρου. Πιο αναλυτικά, αφαιρούνται όλα τα σημεία στίξης, όλοι οι αριθμοί, μετατρέπονται όλα τα γράμματα σε πεζά, αφαιρούνται όλες οι λέξεις που έχουν λιγότερους από 4 χαρακτήρες, αφαιρούνται όλες οι κοινότυπες λέξεις και τέλος εφαρμόζονται αλγόριθμοι εύρεσης της ρίζας μίας λέξεις. Οι λέξεις κλειδιά που απομένουν είναι stemmed το οποίο σημαίνει πως από τις λέξεις διατηρείται μόνο η ρίζα. Από τις λέξεις κλειδιά ο μηχανισμός οδηγείται σε δύο διαφορετικά στάδια ανάλυσης. Στο πρώτο στάδιο υπάρχει μηχανισμός ο οποίος αναλαμβάνει να δημιουργήσει μία αντιπροσωπευτική περίληψη του κειμένου ενώ στο δεύτερο στάδιο πραγματοποιείται αυτόματη κατηγοριοποίηση του κειμένου βασισμένη σε πρότυπες κατηγορίες που έχουν δημιουργηθεί από επιλεγμένα άρθρα που συλλέγονται καθ’ όλη τη διάρκεια υλοποίησης του μηχανισμού. Η εξαγωγή περίληψης βασίζεται σε ευρεστικούς αλγορίθμους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα προσπαθούμε χρησιμοποιώντας λεξικολογική ανάλυση του κειμένου αλλά και γεγονότα για τις λέξεις του κειμένου αν δημιουργήσουμε βάρη για τις προτάσεις του κειμένου. Οι προτάσεις με τα μεγαλύτερη βάρη μετά το πέρας της διαδικασίας είναι αυτές που επιλέγονται για να διαμορφώσουν την περίληψη. Όπως θα δούμε και στη συνέχεια για κάθε άρθρο υπάρχει μία γενική περίληψη αλλά το σύστημα είναι σε θέση να δημιουργήσει προσωποποιημένες περιλήψεις για κάθε χρήστη. Η διαδικασία κατηγοριοποίησης βασίζεται στη συσχέτιση συνημίτονου συγκριτικά με τις πρότυπες κατηγορίες. Η κατηγοριοποίηση δεν τοποθετεί μία ταμπέλα σε κάθε άρθρο αλλά μας δίνει τα αποτελέσματα συσχέτισης του άρθρου με κάθε κατηγορία. Ο συνδυασμός των δύο παραπάνω σταδίων δίνει την πληροφορία που εμφανίζεται σε πρώτη φάση στο χρήστη που επισκέπτεται το προσωποποιημένο portal. Η προσωποποίηση στο portal βασίζεται στις επιλογές που κάνουν οι χρήστες, στο χρόνο που παραμένουν σε μία σελίδα αλλά και στις επιλογές που δεν πραγματοποιούν προκειμένου να δημιουργηθεί προφίλ χρήστη και να είναι εφικτό με την πάροδο του χρόνου να παρουσιάζεται στους χρήστες μόνο πληροφορία που μπορεί να τους ενδιαφέρει. / The scope of this MsC thesis is the extension and upgrade of the mechanism that was constructed during my undergraduate studies under my undergraduate thesis entitled “Construction of a Web Portal with Personalized Access to WWW content”. The aforementioned thesis included the construction of a mechanism that would begin with information retrieval from the WWW and would conclude to representation of information through a portal after applying useful text extraction, text pre-processing and text categorization techniques. The scope of the MsC thesis is to locate the problematic parts of the system and correct them with better algorithms and also include more modules on the complete mechanism. More precisely, all the modules are upgraded while more of them are constructed in every aspect of the mechanism. The information retrieval module is based on a simple crawler. The procedure is based on the fact that all the major news portals include RSS feeds. By locating the latest articles that are added to the RSS feeds we are able to locate all the URLs of the HTML pages that include articles. The crawler then visits every simple URL and downloads the HTML page. These pages are filtered by the useful text extraction mechanism in order to extract only the body of the article from the HTML page. This procedure is based on the web-clipping technique. An HTML parser analyzes the DOM model of HTML and locates the nodes (leafs) that include large amounts of text and are close to nodes with large amounts of text. These nodes are considered to include the useful text. In the extracted useful text we apply a 5 level preprocessing technique in order to extract the keywords of the article. More analytically, we remove the punctuation, the numbers, the words that are smaller than 4 letters, the stopwords and finally we apply a stemming algorithm in order to produce the root of the word. The keywords are utilized into two different interconnected levels. The first is the categorization subsystem and the second is the summarization subsystem. During the summarization stage the system constructs a summary of the article while the second stage tries to label the article. The labeling is not unique but the categorization applies multi-labeling techniques in order to detect the relation with each of the standard categories of the system. The summarization technique is based on heuristics. More specifically, we try, by utilizing language processing and facts that concern the keywords, to create a score for each of the sentences of the article. The more the score of a sentence, the more the probability of it to be included to the summary which consists of sentences of the text. The combination of the categorization and summarization provides the information that is shown to our web portal called perssonal. The personalization issue of the portal is based on the selections of the user, on the non-selections of the user, on the time that the user remains on an article, on the time that spends reading similar or identical articles. After a short period of time, the system is able to adopt on the user’s needs and is able to present articles that match the preferences of the user only.

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Incorporate in business administration from the management model of economic value, implies that the direction of the entity should worry about how to run effectively in this economic value and how to achieve an equitable distribution of this value created, which requires understanding the nature of this economic value and the importance of the firm as an essential economic activity. In this context arose three approaches that are directly related to the firm and its capacity to create economic value, such as economic agents involved in it, or understand how to shape the firmand the relationship between the real market and the financial market. In this vein, the purpose of this article is tolay the ground work for supporting the economic value and the considerations that management should keep in mind when it comes to managing it. / Incorporar en la administración de empresas el modelo de gestión del valor económico implica que la dirección de la entidad debe preocuparse de forma eficaz en la generación de este valor económico y en su distribución equitativa, lo cual obliga a comprender su naturaleza y la importancia de la empresa como ente fundamental de la actividad económica. En este contexto, surgen tres planteamientos que están directamente relacionados con la empresa y su capacidad para crear valor económico: los agentes económicos involucrados en la misma, la forma de entender o modelar la empresa y la relación entre el mercado real y el mercado financiero. En este orden, el objetivo de este artículo es establecer las bases en las que se sustenta este valor y las consideraciones que la dirección debe tener presente para gestionarlo.