Denna uppsats undersöker hur grafisk formgivning påverkar image. Detta görs genom att se på Dagens Nyheter som exemplum på hur man kan jobba under formgivningsprocessen för att bygga image. Kopplingen mellan begreppet image och det retoriska begreppet ethos diskuteras och kopplas till det retoriska begreppet doxa. En fokusgruppsundersökning har använts som metod för att hämta inspiration till analysen. De teoretiska utgångspunkter på vilken uppsatsen primärt vilar är Daniel Chandlers sammanfattning av semiotikläran, Theo van Leeuwen och Gunther Kress tankar om sociosemiotik, Mats Rosengrens beskrivning av doxa, Jens Kjeldsens redogörelse för ethos, Peggy Brønn Simcic och Øyvind Ihlens förklaringar av image samt tankar om grafisk formgivning presenterade i boken Bild och form för informationsdesign med Rune Pettersson som redaktör. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att formgivningen av en tidning påverkar tidningens image men även dess ethos. Men formgivningen är endast en del i den kommunikationen som påverkar mottagaren. Undersökningen visar även att ethos upplevs olika beroende på doxa och därmed kan den inte med säkerhet fastslå hur tidningens ethos och image påverkas, endast att de gör det.

News graphics as a part of journalism is something that’s constantly developing along with the news. That’s what we believed when we started this paper including its study. And we still believe the same, now that we’re done.News graphics itself is fairly common in Swedish newspapers, it can be seen every day in almost any major newspaper and is perfect for describing an event like the pollution of the sea over many years or just simply point out on a map where a city is located.This is one of the reasons to why we wrote this; another reason is that there’s almost nothing else written on the subject in northern Europe. It’s an empty space in media science, which is waiting to be explored.In our study we have examined four Swedish newspapers; Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet and Expressen over the month of November 2009, a total of 120 newspapers. We have looked at the news graphics in each paper’s news and economics section to examine if news graphics are affected by media logics and news value.The results of the study are quantified and what we did was that we converted the main theories of media logics and news valuing to suit our purpose – describing news graphics in the same way as the theories is used for describing the produced news.Our results indicate that news graphics are mostly used to describe crime, economics, politics and news regarding the environment. We also divided news graphics into different categories: maps, graphs and charts, illustrations and combinations of some of the three previously mentioned. The two most commonly used types of news graphics in our study are maps followed by graphs and charts.Our results also indicate that news graphics is highly affected by media logic seeing media logic as how we write and present news in newspapers i.e. personalization. But still, news graphics is not nearly as affected by media logic and news valuing as news articles in general.A conclusion is that the morning papers (Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet) had a higher amount of news graphic overall than the tabloids Aftonbladet and Expressen. But the news graphics in the tabloids was more affected by media logic in many ways.

Denna forskning behandlar skrivande journalister och deras yrkesroll. Ändamålet med uppsatsen är att ge en klarare syn kring vad journalistrollen innebär och upplysa om att det inom denna roll finns mindre, men dock så viktiga, biroller. Fokus ligger på kvalitativa intervjuer med journalister från två lokaltidningar och en rikstäckande tidningen varvid diskussionerna kretsar kring journalisternas syn på sitt yrke, sin roll samt de möjligheter och begränsningar som finns i deras arbete. Det som kan konstateras är att journalistik är en komplicerad yrkesroll där gränserna för var rollen börjar och slutar är diffusa, men det gemensamma för samtliga journalister är det brinnande intresset för samhälle och politik, viljan att förändra och att ha möjligheten att förbättra.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka hur allmänheten fick sin första bild avHIV/AIDS från massmedia. Jag valde därför att undersöka hur Dagens Nyheter ochAftonbladet rapporterade om HIV/AIDS under senare delen av 1980 – talet. I minundersökning sker en analys av hur tidningarna granskade makthavarna i sin rapportering avHIV/AIDS, hur tidningarna gav de mindre grupperna i samhället en röst i sin rapportering avHIV/AIDS och hur tidningarna lugnande men samtidigt varnande sina läsare i sittrapporterande om HIV/AIDS för att sedan jämföra resultatet mellan de två tidningarna. Jagvalde även att undersöka hur rapporteringen i de tidigare nämnda områdena skiljde sig mellanåren 1986 och 1988. Resultatet blev att båda tidningarna gav allmänheten en bild av attgranska makthavarna, ge de mindre grupperna i samhället en röst och att de lugnandeallmänheten i sin rapportering. När det gällde jämförelsen mellan åren blev resultatet att ge demindre grupperna i samhällen röst var mycket större 1988 än 1986 och det kan bero på attmånga fler vågade tala ut i massmedia om sjukdomen 1988. Det fanns även en till storskillnad och det var i innehållet i artiklarna som granskade makthavarna, där det 1986handlade mycket om smittspridningen och 1988 handlade det om behandlingen av de smittadei vården och i samhället. Den sista skillnaden som upptäcktes i min undersökning var att det fanns många fler varnande artiklar 1986 än 1988, det kan bero på att det inte fanns likamycket att varna om 1988 och att rapporteringen av HIV/AIDS började plana ut 1988.

Syfte: Undersöka om opinionsbildande språkanvändning som förekommer i tidningarnas ledare även tar plats i nyhetsartiklarna. Material: Åtta utvalda publikationer från www.flamman.se och www.dn.se Metod: Kritisk diskursanalys Slutsatser: Språkanvändning och åsikter som förekommer i ledare för att skapa opinion, återfinns i de nyhetsartiklar som har analyserats.

This survey's main purpose is to highlight how the two Swedish newspapers Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter writes and describes four different school shootings. We wanted to find out if there is a general pattern of how school shootings are reported by the media. Two of the shootings occured in USA, Columbine and Virginia Tech, and two in Finland, Kauhajoki and Jokela. The analysis aims at three areas: the whole event, the perpetrator and the victim.   We have used a qualitative content analysis with a semiotic model to examine the articles in the survey. The theories in the study is based upon views on social constructionism, media logic, stereotypization, representation, morale panic/media panic and media events. With the foundation of our chosen theories we have seen a certain amount of articles that is slightly perfunctory and you can tell a template have been layed upon many articles.   One of our conclusions from our survey is that Aftonbladet is a more frequent user of indecent and powerful metaphores and metonymies than Dagens Nyheter. For example is the term bloodbath used a couple of times by Aftonbladet but not by Dagens Nyheter. We have also found out that the perpetrator is generally described as a stereotype when his bad qualities are strenghten and his good qualities are ironed out.

Did the mass media report in a different way about the real estate tax before the Swedish national election 2006 than they did after the election? If there were differences, what could be the cause? This study aims to answer these questions by using a quantitative analysis of articles about the real estate tax published in the Dagens Nyheter (DN), the biggest morning daily.   The summer before the election, the ‘Alliance’, (the non-socialist coalition, launched an election promise to abolish the real estate tax. Instead they planned to introduce a low community charge.The Alliance won the election and formed a government to implement their election promise.   The analysis was made on all the published articles in DN that covered the real estate tax issue. In total there were 43 such articles. These where all published between the launch of the campaign promise until the electionday and a month before the proposal was launched 19/9 2007, until the proposal was implemented in 2008.   The study results in three interesting conclusions. After the election, when the election promise was about to become political reality, DN reported more negatively about this specific issue. The genre of the articles varied heavily before and after the election. Before the election more news articles where published than after the election and the letters-to-the-editor about the real estate tax were published almost only before the election. This study also treats the intresting phenomenon that the Alliance, before the election, had the power to define their election promise but after the election they seem to have lost this power and instead the real estate tax question was defined by the media. The Alliance claimed that they would  ”abolish the real estate tax and introduce a low community charge” and DN used this definition in their newspaper. After the election, DN reported about the election as a new real estate tax, which is a very different thing.

The aim of this thesis was to examine what expressions for objectivity there were to identify/find in newspaper journalism’s report about the FRA-law during the period 2008-06- 13 to 2009-10-14. We choose to analyze ten articles from the morning paper Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet, five from each one. The method we used was a qualitative text analysis. We then designed an own model for the objectivity ideal from without the old theories that were available and also came with own ideas. Then we used that model as starting-point and designed key points to identify objectivity in the articles. Our thesis showed that the articles often fail when it comes to two key points. Due to the usage of charged words and the journalist’s own opinions in a way that distracts the reader from the articles main information the neutral presentation fails. When it comes to the balance in the articles the reappearing problem is that some people don’t get the chance to reply due to that their standpoint is a part of the article but not them. Due to this the articles sources get to reply to the standpoint without the people behind it getting to defend themselves. To sum up our thesis showed that the analyzed articles from Dagens Nyheter were more objective than the ones from Svenska Dagbladet.

This essay is called Imaginary non-community, How Swedish press portrayed the fight for freedom in Tunisia and Hungary 1955 and 1956 and it describes how two similar struggles for freedom are portrayed through the eyes of the most popular Swedish news papers Dagens Nyheter, Aftonbladet and Expressen. In 1955-56 Sweden is a country where the focus lies within the nation itself with economic growth and the building of folkhemmet. The Swedish social program for a more improved living condition. Outside of Sweden the cold war is reigning and the Swedish international politics is careful and passive. The fear of communism makes Sweden side with the western powers and therefore they (Swedish politicians and news papers) do not object to the French military effort to strike down the rebellions by force in North Africa. Tunisia and Hungary are countries within the European hemisphere, Hungary as a former empire now as a satellite country for the Sovjetunion and Tunisia as a colony of France. Tunisia and Hungary may share similar assets, they both struggle to gain freedom from their dominant opponents and they are both part of the European hemisphere but is their similarities enough to make them portrayed the same in the Swedish news papers? European universalism and an imaginary community are definitions I have been trying to exemplify with my investigation of the Swedish news papers portrayment of Tunisia and Hungary 1955-56. And though it is easy to find literature about nationalism, post-colonialism and European universalism it has come to my conclusion that news papers and their impact in creating imaginary community and exclusion rarely has been investigated in Sweden. Tunisia and Hungary do have some similarities with each other but they are definitely not portrayed the same in the Swedish news papers. It was clear to me that the Swedish press sympathized with Hungary to a greater extent than with Tunisia in their struggle for freedom.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa likheter och skillnader i nyhetsrapporteringen om den globala uppvärmingen mellan Sverige och USA. Vi har inriktat oss på New York Times och Dagens Nyheter. Hypotesen är att den amerikanska tidningen visar sig mer skeptisk till att miljöförändringarna är mänskligt skapade än den svenska tidningen. Tidsspannet vi valt är januari till och med december år 2006 då filmen An Inconvenient Truth hade premiär och skapade debatt i frågan. Undersökningen är av kvantitativ natur. Den mest uppseendeväckande skillnaden är hur tidningarna gestaltar problemen. Vi hade förväntat oss större skillnader mellan tidningarna. Den största likheten är att ingen av tidningarna hade en enda artikel som ställde sig helt förnekande till att människliga handlingar är orsaken till global uppvärmning.