Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regiane Magalhaes Boainain.pdf: 961207 bytes, checksum: 81f7fce303e70ae11fb21a2d0180db6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-26 / The present research focuses on the study of the interdiscursivity and the digressions in Madame Pommery by Hilário Tácito. This dissertation objective is to raise data on how tradition is worked in this novel, aiming at explaining its effects in the text. The leading hypothesis in this research is that the strategy of bringing tradition by means of intertextuality modalities has double feature in Madame Pommery. This writing procedure can both denote criticism to the models from the early XXth century or reverence, reinforcing the idea that, in the old, you may find the key to the modern. This dissertation also investigates in which aspects the digressions constitute the work s essence. Hypothetically we deduce that the digressions are strategies employed by the narrator to make the obedient reader, used to passive literature to be an active reader. The analyze of the work allowed us to prove that Tácito, by means of intertextuality modalities, seeks the tradition, not as a copy, but as a review of the past. His writing form both reverences a style and an author, as also signalizes the saturation of a literature not suitable to the reality lived in São Paulo in that time. The work points to new literary possibilities, which soon would be created by the Modernism. Moreover, by the analysis it is possible to affirm that Tácito s modernity is on the fact of being able to, by intertextuality and digression, take the reader out from passivity, involving him in the narrative. This way, Tácito shows the necessity of looking at the reading process from another extremity: the reader, who would only be studied by the Literary Criticism, from 1970 s on / A presente pesquisa centra-se no estudo da interdiscursividade e das digressões em Madame Pommery, de Hilário Tácito. O objetivo deste trabalho é levantar dados sobre a tradição na obra de Tácito, visando explicar seus efeitos no texto. A hipótese que norteia a pesquisa é de que a estratégia de trazer a tradição por meio de modalidades intertextuais tem caráter duplo em Madame Pommery. Esse procedimento de composição pode tanto indicar crítica aos modelos do início do século XX quanto homenagem, reforçando a idéia de que, no antigo, se pode ter a chave para o moderno. Esta dissertação também investiga em quais aspectos as digressões constituem a essência da obra. Hipoteticamente deduzimos que as digressões são estratégias empregadas pelo narrador para desautomatizar o leitor obediente, habituado a uma literatura pouco ousada. A análise da obra permitiu-nos comprovar que Tácito, por meio de modalidades intertextuais, busca a tradição, porém, não como uma cópia, mas como redimensionamento do passado. Sua forma de composição tanto homenageia um estilo e um autor, como também sinaliza a saturação de uma literatura não condizente com a realidade vivida por São Paulo na época. A obra aponta para novas possibilidades literárias que, logo, o Modernismo iria criar. Além disso, pela análise é possível afirmar que a modernidade de Tácito está no fato de conseguir, via intertextualidade e digressão, retirar o leitor da passividade, inserindo-o na narrativa. Com isso, Tácito mostra a necessidade de se olhar para a outra extremidade do processo de leitura: o leitor, que só viria a ser estudado pela Crítica Literária, a partir de 1970

Syftet med denna studie är att utreda hur ett stort byggföretag i norra Sverige hanterar eventuella fel som upptäcks på byggplatsen i produktionsskedet, och hur denna erfarenhetsåterföringsprocess kan effektiviseras. För att besvara studiens syfte ställdes följande frågeställningar upp:  Hur går en stor aktör i byggbranschen till väga när de upptäcker ett fel på byggplatsen som kräver en revidering av ritning/modell?  Hur kan en stor aktör i byggbranschen effektivisera sin erfarenhetsåterföringsprocess vid produktionsskedet för att förebygga att eventuella fel återkommer? Studien tar även upp tidigare forskning kring BIM, vad det är och hur det används, andra digitala hjälpmedel samt vad som innebär med erfarenhetsåterföring och ändrings-PM. Rapporten ger även en inblick i vad som menas med kvalitet och olika typer av kvalitetsarbete. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar och syfte så har en intervjustudie genomförts på ett stort byggföretag där samtliga respondenter har varit placerade på projekt som är geografiskt belägna i norra Sverige. I rapportens resultatdel presenteras en sammanställd version av intervjustudien som sedan diskuteras i studiens diskussionskapitel. Resultatet visar att företagets arbete med erfarenhetsåterföring kan förbättras samt att arbetsprocessen inte ser likadan ut på samtliga byggarbetsplatser. I rapportens diskussionsdel presenteras ett flertal förslag på åtgärder och förbättringar som kan nyttjas av företaget för att effektivisera sin erfarenhetsåterföringsprocess samt för att motverka att specifika fel återkommer. Ett utdrag av de lösningar som presenteras är att företaget kan arbeta mer med ständiga förbättringar, vara mer noggranna med uppföljningsmöten och slutmöten, tillämpa mer kontakt mellan projektansvariga samt utföra ett mer grundligt arbete med 3D-modellen. / The purpose of this study is to investigate how a big construction company in the north region of Sweden manage possible errors that occurs during the production, and how the process of experience transfer can improve. To answer the purpose of this study, the following research questions was asked:  How does a large perator in the construction sector, located in the north region of Sweden, act when an error is discovered and requires a revision of blueprint/model?  How can a large perator in the construction sector, located in the north region of Sweden, increase their experience transfer during the production to prevent recurring errors? The study also includes previous research regarding BIM, what it is and how it is used, other digital assistive technologies and what experience transfer and modification-PM means. The report also consists of an explanation of quality and different quality methods. To answer the studies research questions and purpose, an interview survey has been carried out on a big construction company where all of responders have been in projects in the specific region. In the result, a summary of the interview study is presented and discussed in the analyze and discussion part. The work with experience transfer in the company can be improved according to the result, it also shows that standard processes can be different between various workplaces. In the discussion part, a few possible actions and improvements are presented to help the company with transfer of experience and reoccurring errors. Long-term improvement work, more focus on follow-up meetings and final meetings, better contact between project managers and more thorough work on the 3D-model are a couple of suggestions from the writers.

Partant de la réputation naïve, colorée et digressive de La Conquête de Constantinople de Robert de Clari, ce mémoire propose une analyse méthodique de ce récit en prose vernaculaire de la quatrième croisade de façon à en circonscrire les moments de continuité et de rupture. En fonction de plusieurs facteurs, dont leurs formules d’introduction et de clôture, leur rapport au temps de la croisade, leur longueur relative ainsi que leur positionnement dans l’économie globale du texte, les épisodes divergents sont identifiés puis analysés en travaillant lestement avec trois caractéristiques fondamentales de la digression plutôt qu’avec une définition nucléaire du concept, ce qui permet de discerner des degrés de digressif et d’offrir un panorama nuancé de l’oeuvre. Afin d’adopter un regard plus large sur le phénomène de la digression, quatre autres récits de croisade sont étudiés, et tous, qu’ils soient écrits en prose ou en vers, en français ou en latin, sont à leur façon coupables de s’être laissés emporter par leur sujet dans des excursus qui trahissent la personnalité et les convictions de leur auteur. Tout comme Clari, Villehardouin, l’auteur de l’Estoire de la guerre sainte, Eudes de Deuil et Albert d’Aix laissent entrevoir leur propre histoire lorsque celle qu’ils mettent à l’écrit s’égare de la droite voie de sa narration. Les digressions contenues dans les récits de croisade constituent ainsi une fenêtre privilégiée sur l’histoire des mentalités du Moyen Âge central, une mine d’informations qui ne peut être adéquatement exploitée que par les efforts conjoints de l’histoire et de la littérature. / Taking the naïve, colorful and digressive reputation of Robert de Clari’s La Conquête de Constantinople as a starting point, this master’s thesis presents a methodical study of this vernacular prose account of the Fourth Crusade in order to determine where the narration flows and where it breaks. Divergent episodes are identified with respect to their introductory and closing formulas, their relationship to the time of the crusade, their relative length as well as their positioning in the general arrangement of the text. Based on a loose understanding of three characteristics that are fundamental to digression as opposed to an univocal definition of the concept, they are then analysed in terms of degrees of digressiveness, thus offering a nuanced picture of the work. To allow a broader outlook on the phenomenon of digression, four more crusade narratives are studied, and all of them, whether written in French or in Latin, in prose or in verse, are guilty of getting carried away by their subject in excursus that betray their author’s interests and personality. Just like Robert, Villehardouin, the author of the Estoire de la guerre sainte, Odo of Deuil and Albert of Aachen all let their own story supersede the one they are writing in those moments where the narration goes astray. The digressions found in crusade narratives are thus privileged access points to the history of high-medieval mentalities, a fertile field whose fruits must be harvested by the joint efforts of both history and literature.

The research object. The research was made in the territory of Neris regional park (Kaisiadoriu forest enterprise, Vievis forest district) in order to evaluate the impact of recreational activities on the forest litter arthropods. The aim of the study – to evaluate different recreational digression stage impact on pinery litter arthropods: their amount and seasonal dynamics, distribution trophic groups, the abundance and variety of species in stands affected by recreation. Methods. Arthropods were collected in Barber ground traps from April through October 2005, which are plastic, 150 ml. volume, with 6.5 cm diameter receptacle. They were dug in the ground and 1/3 of trap was filled with 10 % formalin liquor, which protected insects from decaying and insectivorous birds. Ground traps in each sample plot were spread in groups by 4 (square), the distance between them was 2 m. The distance between sample plots was 20-50 meters. The results. 157 species were identified in trap catches: 96 in the control plot, 97 in the plot with low recreational damage and 110 in the plot wit high recreational damage. Entomophagous predominated and made 60-73 %, kaprophagous 8-25%, saprophagous 10% of catch. 2 extremely rare species and 7 rare species in Lithuania were found, the biggest number of rare species was found in the plot with high recreational damage. Shannon diversity index H’ was 2.5-3.31, evenness E – 0.55-0.66, Berger-Parker dominance d – 0.170-0.367. Sorensen similarity index Cs... [to full text]

本文試圖藉由梳理前人對於『泰鄂提得斯』篇之研究觀點，重新理解此篇談論知識的對話錄之意義。此文不採取過去對話錄間系統性的比較取徑，而專注於從此文本本身發掘柏拉圖所欲呈現之知識觀點。 藉由帶出『助產術』、『普羅塔哥拉斯』、『偏題』等主題，配合重新閱讀原文『知識即感知』的知識定義的討論，呈現在對話錄中，對話者於追求知識過程中所經歷的種種心智轉變，進而描繪柏拉圖所刻畫之人與知識間的關係，凸顯此對話錄中『內化政治』的面向以及對話錄真正的核心關懷。 與其說此對話錄意圖定義知識是什麼，不如說柏拉圖試圖傳遞一種心智教育的指引，來引領我們轉換跟知識追求活動間的關係。 / The aim of this thesis is to portray what may be the real spirit of the dialogue Theaetetus. While most of the researches focus on the systematic position of this dialogue, this dialogue seems to offer us less than it might do. While the midwifery and the digression are taken to be peripheral in other scholarly works, this thesis intends to bring out the connotation of these passages. Together with re-reading of the first part of the definition of knowledge, I tried to show the “inner-political” facet and the real concern of this dialogue. I suggest that, in Theaetetus, what we really get is not the result of a certain definition of knowledge; instead, what Plato tries to transmit is a mental-pedagogical guideline, informing us how to transform our relations with the pursuit of knowledge.

SAMPAIO, Maria Helena Mendonça. Digressões avaliativas nas fábulas de Millôr Fernandes: uma questão de estilo. 2006. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Linguística) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza-CE, 2006. / Submitted by Liliane oliveira (morena.liliane@hotmail.com) on 2012-08-23T13:40:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_DIS_MHSAMPAIO.pdf: 590015 bytes, checksum: 3cada3f5445044e85f7810489d408dd1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2013-09-23T16:23:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_DIS_MHSAMPAIO.pdf: 590015 bytes, checksum: 3cada3f5445044e85f7810489d408dd1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-23T16:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_DIS_MHSAMPAIO.pdf: 590015 bytes, checksum: 3cada3f5445044e85f7810489d408dd1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / A análise da projeção do narrador, por meio de digressões avaliativas, objetiva-se a identificar, em fábulas bastante peculiares, as estratégias de discursivização bem como os procedimentos típicos dessas fábulas na produção de sentido, que se entende constituir uma nova ordem discursiva sem descaracterizar o gênero. As intervenções, feitas por um novo tipo de narrador, na medida em que se posiciona particularmente em comparação ao narrador da fábula tradicional, atualizam o discurso fabular, uma vez que o texto como processo semiótico vai construindo sentido. As fábulas serão compreendidas como processo em que se pretende descobrir o seu funcionamento semiótico, construído em condições específicas de produção. Para proceder-se a essa análise, consideram-se as relações entre linguagem, gênero e discurso, símbolos de práticas sociais, os quais emergem de uma relação intersubjetiva, dialógica e social; a inserção do gênero fábula na tradição oral como também a sua composição e caracterização; faz-se um estudo da fábula milloriana, que se constrói com o estilo, elemento constitutivo do próprio gênero discursivo. Assim, conduz-se por uma lingüística discursiva encarregada da língua na comunicação viva, para se elaborar um estudo a partir do qual se possa depreender que o sentido construído em um texto, por um dado discurso, deriva do sistema lingüístico em uso – componente pragmático fundamental à investigação a que se procede –, das suas possibilidades à elaboração de significados compartilhados por sujeitos que se alternam na composição de um enunciado, que é entendido, portanto, como produto vinculado a uma ação intersubjetiva e por ela definido / L’analyse de la projection du narrateur, à travers des digressions appréciatives, vise à identifier, dans des fables assez particulières, des stratégies de "discursivisation" et des procédés typiques de ces fables par rapport à la production de la signification, qui constitue un nouvel ordre discursif sans faire disparaître les caractéristiques du genre textuel. Les interventions faites par un nouveau type de narrateur, à mesure que celui-ci se positionne particulièrement en comparaison du narrateur des fables traditionnelles, rendent actuel le discours fabuleux, car le text, en tant qu’un processus sémiotique, développe la signification. Les fables seront comprises comme un processus dans lequel on tend à découvrir son fonctionnement sémiotique, construit dans des conditions spécifiques de production. Pour cette analyse, on envisage les relations entre langage, genre textuel et discours, symboles des pratiques sociales, lesquels émergent d’une relation intersubjective, dialogique et sociale; l’insertion du genre textuel fabuleux dans la tradiction orale, sa composition et caractérisation; on procède à une étude de la fable de l’écrivain brésilien Millôr Fernandes, qui se fait avec le style — l’élément constitutif du propre genre discursif. Ainsi, il se fait conduire par une théorie linguistique discursive responsable de la langue dans une communication vivante, afin d’élaborer une étude à partir de laquelle on peut déduire que la signification construite dans un text par une donné discursive provient du système linguistique en usage — une composante pragmatique fondamentale pour l’investigation à laquelle on procède — de ses possibilités à l’élaboration de significations partagées par des individus qui se relayent dans la composition d’un énoncé, qu’on comprend donc comme un produit lié à une action intersubjective et défini par cette action

SUmmaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Die oogmerk van hierdie verhandeling is om te wys op die tekstuele en visuele kontraste in Georgi con 11.1 - 108. Ten aanvang word 'n bree vergelyking getreftussen Georgicon I en II om sodoende die funksie asook die effek van Boek 2 in die viertal gedigte te bepaal. Vir 'n meer indringende ontleding word Boek 2, asook die relevante verse, skematies verdeel en alhoewel die panoramiese effek versteur word, kan die problematiek van hierdie gedig alleenlik s0 noukeuriger opgelos word. Daar word getoon dat Boek 2 in drie afdelings verdeel is met 'n laus-tema wat telkens as hoogtepunt dien vir elk van die dele. Ook die oorkoepelende tema van variatio-labor en die wisselwerking daarvan kan duideliker waargeneem word. Verse I - I 08 is didakties van aard en eenvoudige patrone word saamgestel uit alledaagse objekte en idees. Vergilius slaag daarin om vergelykings af te dwing en om kontras te bewerkstellig deur die skep van imagines. Hierdie beelde kom duideliker na vore deur 'n baie noukeurige analise van die teks en s6 word vorm, lyn, kleur en tekstuur beklemtoon en gekontrasteer. W anneer die fokus verskuif vanaf die natuur na die mens, word daar gewys op die kontras in verse 3 5 - 46 tussen die landbouers en die politieke magsfiguur van Maecenas. Die onderliggende felix I fortuna/us tema word s6 beklemtoon. Die problematiek van didaktisisme word aangespreek deur die effek van die kontrastering van parallelle passasies aan te toon. As Leitmotiv word telkens gewys op die tekstuele en visuele kontraste in die digter se keuse en rangskikking van 'n ryke verskeidenheid van borne - met spesifieke verwysing na hulle aard, voorkoms, herkoms en funksie. / The aim of this dissertation is to indicate the textual and visual contrasts in Georgi con TI.l - 108. In a broad comparison between Georgica I and II the function and the effect ofBook 2 within the framework of the four poems is determined. With a view to a more penetrating analysis, Book 2 as a whole and specifically lines 1 - 108 will be dealt with schematically. Although this puts the panoramic effect at risk, it is the only way in which the complexities of this poem can be successfully resolved. Book 2 is shown to have a tripartite structure, with a taustheme as the climax of each of the three divisions. The over-arching theme of reciprocating variatio- labor also comes to light more clearly. Lines I - I 08 are of a didactic nature, and simple patterns are shaped out of everyday objects and ideas. By creating imagines Vergil manages to enforce comparisons and to bring about contrasts. A meticulous analysis of the text highlights these images more clearly and in this manner the poet accentuates colour, form, line and texture. When the focus shifts from nature to man, the contrast between the farmers and the politically powerful Maecenas in lines 3 5 - 46 is brought to the fore to emphasize the underlying theme of felix I fortunatus. The problem of didacticism is addressed by focusing on the effect of the contrasts between parallel passages. The textual and visual contrasts in the poet's choice and marshalling of a rich variety of trees, with a particular reference to their nature, occurrence, provenance and function, serve as Leitmotif for the dissertation as a whole. / Classics and Modern European Languages / M.A. (Latyn)

Notre projet de thèse vise à analyser ce qui porte la trace du travail de la mémoire collective dans un discours de littérature orale, de la transmission qui assure la compréhension et la conservation du message. Il s'agit pour nous d'expliquer comment la profération du discours de littérature orale et la performance à laquelle il donne lieu restitue les valeurs culturelles des loma.Cette épopée retrace l'histoire d'un chef de guerre qui fait encore de nos jours partie de la culture populaire au pays des loma en République de Guinée. Nous assurons la transcription en langue locale lɔɠɔmagooy et la traduction en français de cette épopée dont il n'existe aucune version écrite.Au-delà de la présentation géographique et culturelle du pays des loma, l'analyse proprement dite du corpus pour laquelle nous mobilisons à la fois la performance et la rhétorique prend en compte la pluricodicité des messages socio-historico-culturel et la dynamique de réception. Nous focalisons l'attention sur des procédés discursifs spécifiques de l'oralité à travers le conte et le proverbe.Notre travail ne se limite pas à la transcription-traduction du discours épique, l'analyse montre comment l'oralité constitue une dimension essentielle de l'épopée dont l'épaisseur discursive et référentielle atteste du travail de composition artistique et mémorielle de l'orateur. / This thesis aims at analyzing the collective memory content imbedded in an oral literature speech performance, right from the message transmission to its understanding and preservation. We are to explain how an oral literature speech production and its performance can retitute the Loma cultural values.The epic retraces the history of a former war leader among the Loma people of the Republic of Guinea; a history which still remains a vibrant part of the people's culture in that country. Because it doesn't exist any former written version of the epic, we ensured its transcription into Lɔɠɔmagooh language (a loma variant) and also its translation into French language.Beside the geographical and cultural presentation of the Loma area and people, the real corpus analysis in which we mobilize both performance and rethorics also takes into account the multicoding nature of the social, historical and cultural messages and their reception dynamics. We focus attention on the specific discursive technics of oral literature or tradition which exist in tales and proverbs.However, our work is not just limited to transcription and translation of the epic production. Our analysis shows how oral tradition constitutes an essential dimension of the epic genre whose discursive and referential deepness is the reflection of the artistic and memorial work of the orator.

SUmmaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Die oogmerk van hierdie verhandeling is om te wys op die tekstuele en visuele kontraste in Georgi con 11.1 - 108. Ten aanvang word 'n bree vergelyking getreftussen Georgicon I en II om sodoende die funksie asook die effek van Boek 2 in die viertal gedigte te bepaal. Vir 'n meer indringende ontleding word Boek 2, asook die relevante verse, skematies verdeel en alhoewel die panoramiese effek versteur word, kan die problematiek van hierdie gedig alleenlik s0 noukeuriger opgelos word. Daar word getoon dat Boek 2 in drie afdelings verdeel is met 'n laus-tema wat telkens as hoogtepunt dien vir elk van die dele. Ook die oorkoepelende tema van variatio-labor en die wisselwerking daarvan kan duideliker waargeneem word. Verse I - I 08 is didakties van aard en eenvoudige patrone word saamgestel uit alledaagse objekte en idees. Vergilius slaag daarin om vergelykings af te dwing en om kontras te bewerkstellig deur die skep van imagines. Hierdie beelde kom duideliker na vore deur 'n baie noukeurige analise van die teks en s6 word vorm, lyn, kleur en tekstuur beklemtoon en gekontrasteer. W anneer die fokus verskuif vanaf die natuur na die mens, word daar gewys op die kontras in verse 3 5 - 46 tussen die landbouers en die politieke magsfiguur van Maecenas. Die onderliggende felix I fortuna/us tema word s6 beklemtoon. Die problematiek van didaktisisme word aangespreek deur die effek van die kontrastering van parallelle passasies aan te toon. As Leitmotiv word telkens gewys op die tekstuele en visuele kontraste in die digter se keuse en rangskikking van 'n ryke verskeidenheid van borne - met spesifieke verwysing na hulle aard, voorkoms, herkoms en funksie. / The aim of this dissertation is to indicate the textual and visual contrasts in Georgi con TI.l - 108. In a broad comparison between Georgica I and II the function and the effect ofBook 2 within the framework of the four poems is determined. With a view to a more penetrating analysis, Book 2 as a whole and specifically lines 1 - 108 will be dealt with schematically. Although this puts the panoramic effect at risk, it is the only way in which the complexities of this poem can be successfully resolved. Book 2 is shown to have a tripartite structure, with a taustheme as the climax of each of the three divisions. The over-arching theme of reciprocating variatio- labor also comes to light more clearly. Lines I - I 08 are of a didactic nature, and simple patterns are shaped out of everyday objects and ideas. By creating imagines Vergil manages to enforce comparisons and to bring about contrasts. A meticulous analysis of the text highlights these images more clearly and in this manner the poet accentuates colour, form, line and texture. When the focus shifts from nature to man, the contrast between the farmers and the politically powerful Maecenas in lines 3 5 - 46 is brought to the fore to emphasize the underlying theme of felix I fortunatus. The problem of didacticism is addressed by focusing on the effect of the contrasts between parallel passages. The textual and visual contrasts in the poet's choice and marshalling of a rich variety of trees, with a particular reference to their nature, occurrence, provenance and function, serve as Leitmotif for the dissertation as a whole. / Classics and Modern European Languages / M.A. (Latyn)

Création Dans le roman Sous la Tiffany, Mikaël Langevin, le personnage principal, vit une pénible remise en question. Dans les derniers mois, il a délibérément sabordé son couple, sa vie sociale et même sa santé en misant tout sur sa réussite professionnelle en tant qu'enseignant. Tout pour une carrière où, selon sa perception, il ne réussit pas comme il l'aurait souhaité. Une nuit de la fin d'août, attablé devant des dizaines de cahiers noircis de sa main, il revisite un journal tenu chaque soir de l'été qui s'achève, un été pendant lequel de nombreuses fenêtres sur le passé auront été ouvertes, puis refermées. Le jour poindra dans quelques heures, il le sait bien. Mais nul éclairage ne le sert mieux que celui de la vieille Tiffany. Réflexion La deuxième partie, une réflexion d'ordre narratologique sur la dynamique de l'écart et ses procédés (analepse, prolepse, sommaire, scène, pause, ellipse, digression), vise à expliciter ce qui m'a tant séduit dans Hotaru, d'Aki Shimazaki, et dans L'Attrape-coeurs, de Jerome David Salinger, deux romans primés1 où les procédés d'écart sont habilement exploités. J'indiquerai aussi où, comment et pourquoi j'ai utilisé ces procédés dans Sous la Tiffany. Le but, au final, est de montrer comment la dynamique de l'écart contribue à accrocher le lecteur et à enrichir le récit, à conférer au texte le caractère évocateur si présent dans les oeuvres littéraires de Shimazaki et de Salinger.