O ensino de Jornalismo é objeto freqüente de reflexão, principalmente no que diz respeito à aquisição e compreensão de ferramentas e conhecimentos necessários para a formação de um profissional com múltiplas habilidades e competências. A implantação dos Projetos Experimentais no currículo da Habilitação Jornalismo nos cursos de Comunicação Social no Brasil ocorreu em 12 de abril de 1978, recebendo posteriormente, a partir da Resolução do CFE nº 002/84, o tratamento de disciplina regida por normas específicas de acordo com os projetos pedagógicos das instituições de ensino superior. A pesquisa investiga o papel exercido pelos Projetos Experimentais em universidades paulistas, que possibilitam, por meio de diferentes experiências adotadas, a vivência, a aquisição e o domínio de técnicas importantes da produção jornalística para a formação ética e profissional dos graduandos em Jornalismo. Por meio de estudo de casos múltiplos e tendo como referência principal as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos cursos de Comunicação Social (Parecer CNE/CES nº 492/2001), verifica-se que os Projetos Experimentais têm importante papel no exercício de cidadania frente aos desafios e responsabilidades da profissão, especialmente quanto à contribuição para a sociedade, à formação do bem comum e à consciência do papel do Jornalismo na realidade. / The education of Journalism is a frequent object of reflection, mainly in what concerns the acquisition and understanding of tools and necessary knowledge for the formation of a professional with multiple skills and abilities. The implementation of the Experimental Projects in the curriculum of the competence Journalism in the courses of Social Communication in Brazil occurred on April 12, 1978, receiving subsequently, from the Resolution of the CFE number 002/84, the handling of discipline governed by specific standards according to the pedagogical projects of the institutions of higher education. The research investigates the paper exerted by the Experimental Projects in universities of the state of São Paulo that enable through different adopted experiences, the knowledge, the acquisition and the domain of important techniques of the journalistic output for the ethical and professional formation of the graduating students in Journalism. Through multiple case studies and having as main reference the National Curricular Directives of the courses of Social Communication (CNE/CES Study number 492/2001), are verified that the Experimental Projects have important paper in the exercise of citizenship facing the challenges and responsibilities of the profession, specially as regards the contribution for the society, to the formation of the welfare and to the conscience of the paper of the Journalism nowadays.

Ethnically diverse older adults are the fastest growing population in the U.S. This population may experience transitional processes associated with immigration, acculturation, aging, and end of life (EOL). Advances in technology lead to increases in care options, which can cause uncertainty to make decisions for EOL. Unmade decisions about care prior to becoming unable to communicate are associated with burdens of last-minute decisions at EOL, unwanted intensive EOL treatments for people who may die naturally of old age, financial and emotional costs, and decreased quality of life. In the U.S., a multicultural country with a variety of care options, advance directive (AD) completion and advance care planning (ACP) may improve culturally competent and person-centered care at EOL. However, the rate of AD completion and ACP is low among Americans, especially immigrant communities. These communities, including Iranian-American older adults, have been frequently understudied, and there is a gap in studies of EOL desires, attitudes, and actions/behaviors. This inquiry focused on planning ahead for EOL care across transitional processes that older immigrants may face. The aim was to enhance culturally competent care for older adults through distinguishing significant factors, which may influence planning for EOL care. Specific purposes were: To identify relationships between attitudes toward planning for EOL care and social supports, spirituality, healthcare system distrust, and acculturation; to identify a relationship between attitudes and proactive actions toward planning ahead in Iranian-American older adults. Conceptual frameworks for this descriptive, cross-sectional study included Culture Care Diversity and Universality and Transitions theories. Findings from 135 participants revealed that they were new immigrants to the U.S. (mean year of 23 in the U.S., 97% born in Iran) and highly educated and insured with high health statuses. About 55% preferred non-intensive treatments and/or homecare at EOL, and 52.6% had not communicated their EOL wishes. Attitudes toward planning ahead for EOL were positively associated with acculturation and healthcare system distrust, and negatively associated with spirituality. No significant association was found between attitudes and social support. Furthermore, favorable attitudes predicted higher proactive actions to communicate wishes. Implications for practice, policy, education, and recommendations for further studies were discussed. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Felicidade Armede.pdf: 6041124 bytes, checksum: d2f5110d8dae2f4cd7198c7b78b5cd63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study analyzes how the directives of public policies for combating human trafficking and slave work can improve the definitions and legal interests that the Brazilian criminal law attaches to human trafficking and slave work. In accordance with data and information regarding the performance of the Brazilian legal system, the research shows how social and economic complexity require a behavioral review of this system to be made in order to reconcile the combat against organized crime with the constitutional foundations of a democratic state based on the rule of law. The conclusion is that affirmative actions, allied to legislative innovation, which generates a new penal procedure subsystem, can ensure that the behavioral review will add functionality to the performance of the actors in the criminal justice system in face of public policies to confront human trafficking and slave labor in Brazil / O presente estudo analisa como diretrizes das políticas públicas de enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas e trabalho escravo podem aprimorar os conceitos e bens jurídicos que a legislação penal brasileira atribui ao tráfico de pessoas e trabalho escravo. Orientada por dados e informações sobre o desempenho do sistema de justiça brasileiro, a pesquisa demonstra o quanto a complexidade social e econômica demandam que seja feita uma revisão comportamental desse sistema, de maneira a conciliar o combate ao crime organizado e os fundamentos constitucionais do Estado Democrático de Direito. A conclusão é de que ações afirmativas, somadas a uma inovação legislativa, geradora de um subsistema processual penal, podem garantir que a revisão comportamental imprima funcionalidade à atuação dos atores do sistema de justiça criminal frente às diretrizes de ação das políticas públicas de enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas e trabalho escravo no Brasil

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-09-28T16:13:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Elizabeth Vieira dos Reis_.pdf: 383539 bytes, checksum: 82d05a735d56ccb5b8d3e28ab22c1cdc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T16:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elizabeth Vieira dos Reis_.pdf: 383539 bytes, checksum: 82d05a735d56ccb5b8d3e28ab22c1cdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-05 / Nenhuma / Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a existência de alinhamento entre a estrutura curricular de cursos de Ciências Contábeis ofertados na modalidade presencial em IES do Estado do Tocantins e a estrutura curricular proposta pelo CFC, em uma amostra constituída por cursos de 7 (sete) IES, sendo 1 (uma) universidade, 2 (dois) centros universitários e 4 (quatro) faculdades. Os dados foram coletados nos Projetos Pedagógicos dos cursos disponibilizados nas páginas eletrônicas das IES ou recebidos dos coordenadores dos cursos mediante solicitação. Com os dados obtidos foi elaborada uma “planilha Excel” constando em uma coluna as disciplinas do currículo proposto pelo CFC e nas demais colunas as disciplinas ofertadas pelas IES nos seus cursos, separando-se em cinco dimensões a saber: a) Carga horária por bloco de disciplinas; b) Conteúdos de formação básica; c) Conteúdos de formação profissional; d) Conteúdos de formação teórico-prática; e) Conteúdos optativos. Como principais resultados obtidos no estudo pode se mencionar que: (a) todos os cursos atendem a determinação da Resolução CNE/CES 10/2004, referendada na proposta do CFC, de 3.000 horas para integralização do currículo; (b) nas três dimensões examinadas (formação básica, formação profissional e formação teórico-prática) há um alinhamento médio em termos percentuais entre os currículos dos cursos e o currículo proposto pelo CFC equivalente a 83%, com um percentual um pouco superior nos cursos das faculdades; (c) o menor percentual em termos de alinhamento se observa nos conteúdos de formação profissional; e (d) não se observa uma relação direta entre percentual de alinhamento dos currículos com os conceitos dos cursos no ENADE. Embora o percentual médio de alinhamento seja considerado bom, cabe a atenção das coordenações dos cursos em relação à oferta de disciplinas de formação profissional, por sua importância no exercício futuro da profissão. / This study had as goal the alignment between the curricular structure of Accountancy Courses offered as in-class in HEI in Tocantins State and the curricular structure proposed by the CFC (Federal Accounting Council, in free translation), with a sample constituted of 7 (seven) HEI, being 1 (one) University, 2 (two) Colleges and 4 (four) Faculties or Schools. The data were collected in the Pedagogical Projects of the courses available on the websites of the HEIs, or received from the coordinators of the courses upon request. With the data obtained, an "Excel spreadsheet" was drawn up with one column containing the curricular subjects proposed by the CFC and in the other columns the disciplines offered by the HEIs in their courses, separated into five dimensions: a) Hourly load per block of disciplines; b) Contents of basic formation; c) Contents of professional formation; d) Contents of theoretical and practical formation; e) Optional contentes. As main results acquired in the study, it can be mentioned that: (a) all the courses comply to the ruling from CNE/CES 10/2004, referenced in the CFC proposition regarding 3,000 (three thousand) hours to fulfill the curriculum; (b) within the three assessed dimensions (basic formation, professional formation and theoretical-practical formation) there is an average alignment in percentage terms between the courses’ curriculum and the CFC proposed curriculum equivalent to 83%, being the percentage slightly bigger in the faculties’ courses; (c) the lower alignment percentage is observed in the contents of professional formation; and (d) it is not observed a direct relation between the curriculum alignment percentage and ENADE’s (Students Performance National Exam, in free translation) courses concepts. Although the alignment average percentage is considered good, it is important to courses’ coordinations to give more attention to the offer of disciplines in the professional formation area, given their importance in the future profession exercise.

A dignidade da pessoa humana e a autonomia privada espraiam-se pela experiência da vida, alcançando a doença e a morte. As diretivas antecipadas, gênero dos quais são espécies o testamento vital e o mandato duradouro, constituem negócio jurídico de caráter existencial que têm por objetivo assegurar a realização da dignidade da pessoa e o cumprimento dos atos de autonomia nas situações em que a pessoa estiver incapacitada para manifestar sua vontade. As diretivas representam instrumento de autodeterminação através do qual a pessoa disciplina os tratamentos médicos que aceita ou não ser submetida, autoriza doação de órgão, estipula se tem interesse em conhecer seu estado clínico e/ou nomeia terceira pessoa para tomar estas decisões em seu lugar. As três primeiras hipóteses constituem o que usualmente se qualifica como testamento vital, enquanto a última situação descrita configura o mandato duradouro. O objeto de estudo abrange a evolução das diretivas antecipadas, a disciplina existente em países que já regulamentaram o tema, a legitimação no sistema jurídico brasileiro (o que autoriza a conclusão favorável a sua utilização independentemente de lei expressa) e a sistematização deste negócio jurídico perante o ordenamento jurídico. / Human dignity and autonomy get extended through life, reaching illness and death. The advanced directives, which species are the living will and durable power of attorney, represent an existential act aimed to fulfill human dignity and to preserve ones autonomy when lacking the ability of transmitting ones desire personally (disability). The advance directives are an instrument of self-determination that may contain clauses to withheld or withdraw medical treatment, authorize organ donation, discipline the right to know ones medical condition and to indicate an attorney for health care, to whom will be delegate those decisions. The object of study covers the evolution of the advance directives, their discipline in the countries that already legislate about it, the source of legitimation in brazilian Law system (what includes a positive understanding on its usage even though without a specific law) and the guide lines of the act, such as form and legitimacy.

<p>In this essay, I have investigated whether players of World of Warcraft change their language to suit the gender of the character they play. I have researched if there are gender differences that correspond to what is defined as male and female language in mixed-sex conversations. Chat-logs, collected during four participant observations, were used for making an analysis based primarily on research by Coates (1993) and Yale (2007). Seven features were selected for analysis: amount of participation, hedges, questions, directives and commands, taboo language, compliments and grammar. It was possible to discover gender differences, but these were not consistent in all areas of research. For example, female characters had a higher contribution than males, as well as a higher use of hedges and tag-questions among males, which contradicts previous research. The lack of consistency might be due to the fact that the participants do not specifically consider all areas as typically female or male, or their unawareness of these tendencies. We also need to consider disagreement in previous gender studies as well as folklinguistic belief. The explanation of the lack of consistent differences may be a more equal relationship between males and females in this context, or due to thepossibility that the participants, who are usually male, make use of their normal male language.</p>

Ett av EU:s främsta syfte är att skapa fri rörelse av kapital. Genom att kontinuerligt reducera handelshinder strävar de efter att skapa lika förutsättningar mellan medlemsstaterna. I och med den globalisering som skett och fortfarande sker blir det allt mer vanligt förekommande att svenska bolag konkurrerar och samverkar med andra europeiska bolag. Mycket har hänt på redovisnings- och revisionsområdet det senaste decenniet vilket har gjort att den svenska lagstiftningen delvis har skrivits om och anpassats efter EG:s direktiv. Internationella redovisningsstandarder har fått stort inflytande på framförallt de stora svenska bolagen. Dessa standarder var ursprungligen anpassade för börsnoterade bolag vilket har medfört att mindre svenska bolag under de senaste åren ålagts orimligt omfattande redovisningsskyldigheter. I november 2004 presenterade Justitiedepartementet en promemoria vilken bland annat avsåg förenklade redovisningsregler. Deras bedömning var att de två gränsvärdena som i dag benämns i ÅRL och BFN bör samordnas till ett gemensamt. Motiveringen till detta var att små och medelstora bolag i större utsträckning bör undantas från betungade regler gällande bokföring och bokslut. Under vintern 2005/2006 har en lag-rådsremiss och en proposition offentliggjorts där remissinstanserna BFN, FAR, SRS m.fl. givit uttryck för sina åsikter. Detta resulterade i att delvärdena i den samordnade gränsvärdet fastställdes till 50 anställda, 25 miljoner kronor i balansomslutning samt 50 miljoner kronor i totala intäkter. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda vilka konsekvenser detta får för de små och medelstora bolagen i Sverige. Undersökningen har genomförts ur två perspektiv, dels för att återspegla de generella konsekvenserna med harmoniseringen och dels vilka konsekvenser det samordnade gränsvärdet blir redovisningsmässigt. För att uppnå syftet genomfördes fyra expertintervjuer. Resultatet av dessa var att redovisningsprinciperna blir något förenklade men eftersom förslaget ej trätt i laga kraft ännu är det svårt att peka på konkreta konsekvenser. Dock kan man förutse vissa skillnader avseende bland annat delårsrapportering, balansering av egenupparbetade immateriella anläggningstillgångar och restvärdesavskrivningar. Efter att ha tagit del av respondenternas svar samt vad som sägs i lagrådsremissen kan vi konstatera att förändringarna på flera plan går mot att uppgifter ej är lagstadgade utan snarare styrs av intressenterna. Delårsrapporter är en sådan uppgift, då det ej åligger revisionsplikt på dem ser vi det som en naturlig utveckling att ta bort den lagstadgade uppgiftsskyldigheten för K3 – bolagen. Vidare diskuteras huruvida K2 – blocket kommer innefatta bolag med allt för stora skillna-der i omfattning av verksamhet och hur detta skulle kunna undvikas. Vi föreslår en höjning av K1-blocket från tre till fem miljoner kronor i nettoomsättning där aktiebolag ej ska in-kluderas. Anledningen till detta är att få bort de minsta bolagen ur K2 – blocket genom att fler bolag bör överväga alternativa bolagsformer för att undvika allt för omfattande redovisningsmässiga skyldigheter. Från och med den första januari 2007 träder ett nytt regelverk beträffande redovisningsprinciper i kraft i Sverige. Regelverket är delvis utformat efter EU:s redovisningsdirektiv och är ett steg i harmoniseringen. De bolag som vid årsskiftet skall till-lämpa det nya regelverket är de som ej överskrider det nya 50/25/50 - värdet, dvs. K1 och K2 - bolagen. För större bolag, K3 samt K4, kommer reglerna träda i kraft med det räkenskapsår som påbörjas första januari 2010. / One of EU:s primary purposes is to create freedom of movement for capital. Through continuous reducing of trade obstacles they strive to create equal conditions between the member nations. Through the globalization that has taken place and still is taking place it is increasingly common for Swedish companies to compete and cooperate with European companies. A lot has happened in the accounting and auditor area during the last decade which has forced the Swedish legislation partly to be rewritten and adjusted to EG directives. International accounting standards has had a great deal of influence on the major Swedish companies. These standards are originally adapted for stock exchange introduced companies which in the last couple of years have resulted in unreasonable extensive accounting obligations for smaller Swedish companies. In November 2004 the ministry of Justice presented a memorandum which among other things intended to simplify accounting obligations. Their assessment was that the two threshold values that today are termed in ÅRL and BFN should be coordinated into one common threshold. The motivation for this was that small and medium companies in a greater extent should be able to make exceptions from onerous rules concerning bookkeeping and closure. During the winter 2005/2006 a referral and a government bill was made public where BFN, FAR and SRS gave expression of their opinions. This resulted in that the partial value in the coordinated threshold was established to 50 employees, 25 million in balanced turnover and 50 million in total reve-nue. The purpose of this paper is to investigate which consequences this will have to the small and medium companies in Sweden. The investigation has been carried out through two perspectives, one to reflect the general consequences with the harmonious and also which consequences the coordinated threshold value will bring to the accounts. To reach the pur-pose four expert interviews were carried out. The conclusion of these interviews was that the accounting standards will be a bit more simplified but since the proposal has not yet become legally binding it is hard to point to concrete consequences. We can still predict to a certain extend with respect to among other things; quarterly reports, balancing of non-material internally acquired inventory and depreciation of residual values. After studying the respondents’ answers and the referral we can establish that the changes on several levels will progress to the point of information not being statutory but rather controlled by interest organisations. Quarterly reports are that sort of task, when it is not mandatory audit on this sort of report we can not see any reason not to remove the statu-tory information obligation for the K – 3 companies. The thesis further discusses whether the K2 – block will include companies with much too large differences in the extent of activity and how this should be avoided. We suggest a raise of the K-1 block from three too five million in net turnover, where joint-stock companies not will be included. The reason for this is to get rid of the smallest companies in the K-2 block; more companies should consider alternative company forms to avoid all too extensive accounting obligations. Starting on the first of January 2007, the new regulation concerning accounting principles will take effect in Sweden. The regulations are partly designed according to the EU:s ac-counting directives and are a step in the harmonious direction. Those companies who will apply the new regulation at the turn of the year are those which do not exceed the new 50/25/50 value i.e. K-1 and K-2 companies. For the bigger companies, K-3 and K-4, the new regulation takes effect with the accounting year that starts on the first of January 2010.

Análisis comparativo de las legislaciones autonómicas del Estado Español. Analizando las diferencias y sus posibles consecuencias, para formular una reflexión general a la vista de experiencias previas en otros países. Se proponen estrategias para llevar a cabo procesos de planificación anticipada y no únicamente documentos de Instrucciones previas con escasa utilidad práctica y con una finalidad básica de "autonomía defensiva". / Comparative analysis of autonomics laws Spanish's state. Analyzing the differences and their possible consequences to formulate a general reflection around previous experiences in others countries. It proposes strategies to carry out processes of advance care planning and not only advance directives documents with little practical utility and with the basic purpose of "defensive autonomy".

Advance directives in Canada are instructions made by capable adults that pertain to future healthcare treatment choices at a time of incapacity. My experience as an ethicist working in an Ontario long-term care facility that provides medical treatment to patients with Alzheimer’s Dementia portrays a range of important ethical concerns that arise out of the use of advance directives, at least in terms of their current use. In this thesis I analyze composite case studies to identify the more prominent challenges that exist and I turn to the literature to seek ways to more clearly understand these problems and to determine if they can be overcome. What I conclude is that the use of advance directives with the Alzheimer’s Dementia population in long-term care, as it is currently used, is fraught with problems that are mainly irresolvable. I offer clinical and policy recommendations that are aligned with this view.

Advance directives in Canada are instructions made by capable adults that pertain to future healthcare treatment choices at a time of incapacity. My experience as an ethicist working in an Ontario long-term care facility that provides medical treatment to patients with Alzheimer’s Dementia portrays a range of important ethical concerns that arise out of the use of advance directives, at least in terms of their current use. In this thesis I analyze composite case studies to identify the more prominent challenges that exist and I turn to the literature to seek ways to more clearly understand these problems and to determine if they can be overcome. What I conclude is that the use of advance directives with the Alzheimer’s Dementia population in long-term care, as it is currently used, is fraught with problems that are mainly irresolvable. I offer clinical and policy recommendations that are aligned with this view.