E-book and market: players and discourses This text is a discourse analysis and will focus on the Swedish e-book market and its development between 2010-2020. The text will go over where the current debate of e-books lies and who are the  main players in the debate and what their stands are on the topic. The text will go over the background and the various definitions of the word e-book, the problem that we have found and will focus on within this text. The text will also go over previous research covering this topic, suchs as what e-book is as a medium as a media within the society, the e-bookmarket on a general scale and finally the e-book reader themself. The last part of the text will be about what theory and methods we have been using following our analysis and our results, then end with a final discussion and what kind of research could be interesting to do in the future.

In Xinjiang, China’s largest autonomous region situated in the country’s north-western corner, severe violations against the human rights of its inhabitants, primarily the native muslim minority Uyghur people, has been committed by the Chinese state. According to investigations from the European Parliament in 2020, over a million people are currently, or have previously been, incarcerated in so-called internment camps in 2020. These internment camps have received worldwide attention since their reveal; something that the Chinese state have worked to succumb by restricting access by foreign journalists through barring their entrance to the Xinjiang province, an action taken to limit the reports about the camps, according to Amnesty International.In view of this background, this study aims to draw conclusions on the ability of Swedish journalists to accurately report on the issue of the Uyghurs given the Chinese authoritarian rule. It also focuses on investigating how the media reporting frames the Uyghur issue and creates a discours for reporting on this very issue. Continuing, the study consists of interviews with six Swedish correspondents based in China and one foreign editor, as well as a critical discourse analysis of 16 articles from the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter. Given the research questions and the interviews, this study draws the conclusion that the interviewed Swedish foreign correspondents lack proper access to the issue at hand to accurately report on it. This, because of actions taken by the Chinese state to limit access to the Xinjiang region through surveillance and pressure. This, furthermore, creates a situation in which the reporting could be considered static given this very lack of access and new information on the issue. Additionally the analysis of the 16 articles show that there is an apparent lack of cohesion in what words are used primarily describing the camps in Xinjiang; which in turn creates different connotations for the readers.

Dissertation｜2460442M Abstract The discourses structuring news coverage of terrorist attacks influence our understanding of the nature, drivers and severity of the threat emanating from a specific extremist actor category. Therefore, they are a powerful tool to further socio-political goals. Acknowledging the role of language in shaping reality, this dissertation project uses Critical Discourse Analysis/Critical Discourse Studies to reveal current discursive trends in the understudied coverage of Islamist and right-wing extremist attacks in the Swiss press. With the dominant social factor distinguishing the two extremist categories being ethnicity, it hypothesises that Western media discourses reflect the presuppositions of Orientalism and Critical Race Theory. Both theories expect texts to express, enact and legitimise social hierarchies based on racial affinity to solidify the supremacy of the white elite. The exemplarily analysis of the reporting of two recent extremist incidents by three newspapers representing political perspectives from the right-wing to the left-wing shows that while the Swiss press is indeed influenced by and reproduces racial inequalities, publications do so to a varying degree.

This study investigates how Greenpeace, a non-profit environmental organization, and Preem, a for-profit fuel company, construct sustainability in their external communication. Through Foucauldian discourse analysis, we explore the interests, values, and discursive strategies employed by Greenpeace and Preem and how they shape sustainability discourses. Our findings reveal distinct perspectives on sustainability: Greenpeace emphasizes vast and complex environmental issues such as climate change, pollution, and destruction of nature, advocating for radical societal changes and global solutions. Aligning with the dominant sustainability discourse, Greenpeace strategically leverages its legitimacy to promote an alternative discourse. On the other hand, Preem opposes the holistic discourse of Greenpeace, advocating for incremental reform and technological innovation within the existing politico-economic system. Thus, both organizations assert their authority and employ discursive strategies to legitimize their interests. Greenpeace portrays sustainability as a struggle, underscoring the need for collective action, while Preem presents sustainability as a journey, emphasizing individual responsibility in line with a neoliberal ideology. Our research contributes to our understanding of sustainability discourses in organizational communication. It sheds light on how different actors strategically construct and communicate sustainability messages, focusing on the ideological foundations, values, and interests that underlie these discourses. By enhancing our understanding of discourse transformation in shaping legitimate sustainability actions, our findings have implications for policymakers, researchers, and society at large.

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How do shifting geopolitical landscapes influence foreign policy discourses and identities of international actors? This thesis analyses the discursive identities constructed in the European Union’s official foreign policy discourse on China since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The EU-China relationship is complex, and recent literature has identified that the EU’s discourse toward China has become more assertive and securitized. The analysis is undertaken to gain insight into how identities are constructed against the backdrop of deteriorated and ambiguous EU-China relations and China’s influential role in the war. It takes a poststructuralist approach to discourse analysis, building on the work of Lene Hansen (2006), arguing that identities are relational and constructed through discourses. The analysis examines how Presidents of the EU’s supranational institutions constitute the EU’s identity vis-à-vis China in speeches. The analysis finds that China’s identity often is constructed as a threat to the identity of the EU and the rules-based world order, while simultaneously recognizing China as an invaluable partner that the EU cannot break away from. The thesis provides a deeper understanding of the main structural point of this relationship and the ambiguous nature and dynamics of identities in foreign policy discourses in a new, high-stake empirical context.

Tracing the construction of gender neoliberalism in the United Kingdom with the context of austerity measures and increased social divisions stemming from the European Union referendum, this research analyses the way political discourses act to legitimize gender neoliberalism as the hegemonic rationality in the Conservative Party. Undertaking a comparative case study approach, this study aims to examine the evolution of neoliberal rationality in political discourses between the two female Prime Ministers of the country, namely, Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May. It seeks to add to the body of literature on right-wing politics and gender, through the theoretical framework of intersectionality to consider the implications of the rhetoric on intersecting forms of oppression, specifically, of gender and socioeconomic status. This aim will be achieved through the research question of: How is (implicitly and explicitly) gendered and classist neoliberal rationality promoted and legitimized in the political discourses of Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May? Additional sub-research questions will guide the research in terms of its comparative approach and consider the prominence of neoliberal feminism in the discourses as well. This analysis will be conducted through a corpus of speeches, articles, and interviews by the two politicians in their first year and a half in office. The research employs a feminist critical discourse analysis to understand the way ideology and power in discourses maintain gendered social hierarchies. The analysis found a relatively stagnant evolution of gender neoliberalism between the leaders, where deeply gendered and classist discourses continued to be legitimised but through a different neoliberal focus.

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This project questions a core value that writing center workers have long held about tutoring writing: that we change writers. Applying sociocognitive and Bakhtinian lenses, I was able to complicate theory-practice connections. Tutor-tutee negotiations during tutorials, tutees' perceived learning outcomes, and their revisions were compared with their reasons for revising so that I could investigate what tutees potentially learn from their tutors, how, and why. Data indicated if tutors' information/advice became, in Bakhtin's terms, internally persuasive to tutees. When the authoritative discourses tutors represent or endorse converge with students' internally persuasive discourses, they converge in students' revision choices as tutor-tutee interdiscursivity. I proposed that such a convergence can lead to "changed" writers, writers who alter their understanding of themselves as writers and/or modify their thinking about a given paper, concept, or process. Even though students granted their tutors considerable authority, most tutees examined their tutors' comments to see if they made sense and were worthy of internalizing as generalized concepts to help them meet current writing goals. In short, tutors do indeed change writers, as I have defined change in the context of this study. Work with specific papers can impact students in terms of their larger process and development as writers; tutors' strategies/concepts can become writers' strategies/concepts to be applied again in new contexts. However, even when tutees were internally persuaded and appeared to have changed as writers, analyses into their tutorials, revisions, perceived learning outcomes, and reasons for revising showed that some students took up their tutors' information/advice in ways beyond their tutor's control. What some students internalize can be situation-specific and may not necessarily translate to other writing projects, can be significant yet limited understandings of rhetorical concepts, and may not appear in their revised drafts. Students can also be resistant to rhetorical concepts and revision strategies, especially those they perceive as antithetical to their ideological views about process, content, or structure. Given the variety of reasons students revise, the multiple contexts and influences affecting tutorials, and the ensuing challenges inherent in assessing tutorials, I recommend that tutors do not measure their success based on the Northian idea of a writing center. Though we do change writers, I recommend writing center workers think about successful tutorials in more complex ways than our Northian goal might imply. Tutors' successes are not dependent on changes to writers but on their ability to collaboratively negotiate with writers. Instead of trying to prove the efficacy of writing center tutorials as direct cause and effect relationship, I recommend that writing center administrators try to demonstrate how tutorials foster several habits of mind that college students need to cultivate to become successful writers.

Online Communities of Practices (CoPs) is emerging as a major form for knowledge sharing in this era of information revolution. Due to the advancement of technology and ease of internet access in every part of the world, people began to get more and more involved in online CoPs to share knowledge. The defining characteristic of a Community of Practice is the interaction between members in order to jointly determine and embrace goals, eventually resulting in shared practices. Crucial to the success of a Community of Practice is the engagement between community members. Without engagement, a Community of Practice can not share knowledge and achieve its negotiated goals. To that end, there is a need to examine, why do people engage in an online discussion, what role domain experts play to keep on-line discussion alive and how to develop a ''right intervention'' to maintain and stimulate participants for engagement in on-line community. This thesis studied eight Communities of Practices that are being deliberately formed to facilitate knowledge sharing in the online community and describes an exploratory study of knowledge sharing within Communities of Practices (CoPs) by investigating eight CoPs ¿Start up Nation, All nurses, Young Enterpener, Teneric, SCM Focus, Systems Dynamics, Mahjoob and Alnj3 CoPs. The CoPs under investigation shared the following characteristics: permanent life span, created by interested members (i.e. bottom-up rather than top-down management creation), have a high level of boundary crossing, have more than 700 members who come from disparate locations and organizations, have voluntary membership enrollment, high membership diversity, high topic¿s relevance to members, high degree of reliance on technology, and are moderated. Data were gathered on the eight CoPs through online observations and online questionnaire survey. Results show that in each of the case study the most common type of activity performed by members of each CoP was sharing knowledge, followed by socialsing. Regarding the types of knowledge shared, the most common one across all CoPs was practical and general knowledge. The types of practical knowledge, however, varied in each CoP. The study also discovered that storytelling extensively enhances knowledge transfer and participants¿ interpersonal communications in eight communities under investigation. What were also notable in this study were the stories discussed in a CoP remains in the archive, what are more likely to generate interest and curiosity on the topic among inactive members who ultimately facilitates knowledge transfer. In this study it is also evident that successful topics with successful conclusion (in terms that the original query was answered) will not necessary get high responses and vice versa. An analysis of selected topics in the eight case studies has shown that some successful topics have few replies and vice versa, where many topics ended with open conclusion or they were unsuccessful in terms that the original query was not answered satisfactory. Therefore, it is not necessary that successful topic will get high number of responses as there are some successful topics which have limited number of replies. Overall, it is found that, topic may play a major role in the success of online discussion. It is observed in the study that members normally use short messages rather long messages and usually discusses more than one topic within one thread. Practical implications for knowledge sharing in online communities of practice were discussed, along with some recommendations for future research.