Yes / Bids for mutuality in sexual partnerships are key to AIDS campaigning slogans such as `negotiate¿, `know your partner¿ and `use condoms¿. This paper explores the contradiction between more mutuality in sexual relations and the gender power politics that render such mutuality difficult to achieve in Africa, as well as the caricatures of `African sexuality¿ that have pervaded some of the literature. It looks at the new discourses of sexuality delivered via NGOs and the state as well as the ways in which customary silences about sex are being broken by ordinary people. It asks whether, given the threat of HIV infection, people are talking in new ways about sexual relationships, and how this talk is gendered. It also addresses the challenge to African feminism of sexuality discourses and how these need to be rethought in the context of AIDS. It concludes that the prospect of death by sex is transforming discourses, challenging customary sexual practice and putting gendered inequalities in question.

The aim of this study has been to analyse the Norwegian climate discourse and itsimplications on disaster diplomacy between the member states of the Arctic Council. For the purpose of this study, disaster diplomacy refers to the occurrence ofcooperation to address the disaster that is climate change. The Arctic was chosen asthe subject due to it being one of the regions most affected by climate change, whichcreates threats to Arctic societies and ecosystems. The concept of disaster diplomacy and John S. Dryzek’s classifications of climatediscourses form the theoretical framework of this study. The analysis was conductedusing a qualitative textual analysis and found that the Norwegian climate discourse ispredominantly environmentalist, seeking proactive measures to mitigate climaterelatedconsequences. Thus, the Norwegian climate discourse can be assumed to createfavourable conditions for disaster diplomacy. However, certain climate-related issuesrisk causing challenges for disaster diplomacy amongst the member states of the ArcticCouncil.

Tills research project arose from an awareness that many Christian women experience female sexual desire and the expression of sexual pleasure within a religious context to be a forbidden subject and that they are consequently isolated in silence. The social construction of sexuality within the history of Christianity was briefly explored to see which discourses underpin current constructions of White Christian female sexuality. Tills feminist, participatory action research project challenged the silence on women's sexuality by inviting three women to narrate their personal stories of sexuality. With the help of narrative therapeutic practices, some of the dominant social and religious discourses that constitute White Christian female sexuality were challenged and explored. This research project aimed at the co-construction of narratives of sexuality that will hopefully be life-giving to Christian women's experiences with sexuality. / Practical Theology / M.Th. (Specialization in Pastoral Therapy))

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-07-13T19:40:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Santiago Artur Berger Sito.pdf: 1223303 bytes, checksum: 1d8229905ae79f24d71835401e4ee9aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-13T19:40:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santiago Artur Berger Sito.pdf: 1223303 bytes, checksum: 1d8229905ae79f24d71835401e4ee9aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-20 / Nenhuma / Em tempos de Constitucionalismo Contemporâneo, o presente trabalho surge com um objetivo pontual e determinado: lançar luzes sobre duas propostas que surgem no interior do constitucionalismo emergente do segundo pós-guerra, para averiguar como ambas as teorias do direito, em uma perspectiva ampla (mas que problematizam a intepretação e a decisão, de certo modo), analisam o problema (interpretativo) deixado pelo(s) positivismo(s). A proposta se compreende dentro de um paradigma filosófico alinhavado com a fenomenologia hermenêutica, que desconsidera os métodos (no sentido cartesiano) como instrumentos de averiguação da verdade. Ao fazê-lo, em um primeiro momento, embrenha-se em perquirir parcela do que foi feito neste ambiente teórico representado pelo Constitucionalismo Contemporâneo, bem como em seus reflexos no Brasil. Em um segundo momento, especificamente duas teorias são estudadas: de um lado, a proposta de Jürgen Habermas, na Teoria Discursiva do Direito, em que são convocados postulados morais de Klaus Günther, filósofo que trabalha a questão dos discursos de fundamentação/justificação e os discursos de aplicação; de outro lado, a Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, conjuminada por Lenio Luiz Streck, estribado em aportes da Filosofia Hermenêutica de Martin Heidegger, da Hermenêutica Filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer, bem como da Teoria Integrativa de Ronald Dworkin. Tais investigações permitirão fazer um comparativo na forma como a interpretação e a compreensão se dão em ambas as vertentes. Por fim, visando obter um comprometimento com o contexto teórico da atualidade, colocam-se as propostas discursivas em foco, concluindo que os aportes hermenêuticos sugerem uma via de acesso ao conhecimento, em direito, mais alinhada com os avanços da filosofia. Em linhas gerais, o trabalho apresenta-se como uma ferramenta de análise que, ao definir suas bases, deixa claro o lugar da fala e, com fidelidade ao programa, pergunta-se pelas condições da interpretação no atual paradigma jusfilosófico. / In times of Contemporary Constitutionalism, this work comes with a timely and specific goal: to shed light on two proposals that arise within the emerging constitutionalism of the second postwar period, to ascertain how two theories of law, in a wide perspective (but that study the issues of interpretation and decision, in a certain way), analyze the problem left by the positivism(s). The proposal is understood within a philosophical paradigm basted with hermeneutic phenomenology, which disregards the methods (in the cartesian way) as a tool for finding the truth. And in doing so, at first, penetrates into a portion of what was done in this theoretical environment represented by the Contemporary Constitutionalism and its consequences in Brazil. In a second step, specifically two theories are studied: on one hand the proposal of Jürgen Habermas, Discoursive Theory of Law, which called moral propositions of Klaus Günther, a philosopher who works the question of the reasons/justification discourses and application discourses; on the other side to Critical Hermeneutics of Law, gathered by Lenio Luiz Streck, using in intakes of Hermeneutic Philosophy of Martin Heidegger, the Philosophical Hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer, and the Integrative Theory of Ronald Dworkin. Such investigations will allow a comparison in how the interpretation and understanding occur in both brands. Finally, to obtain a commitment to the theoretical context of today, assesses the relevance of the proposals, concluding that the hermeneutic contributions suggest a means of access to knowledge in law, more in line with advances in philosophy. In general, the work presents itself as an analysis tool that, when determining their bases, makes clear the place of speech, and with fidelity to the program, will the conditions of interpretation in the actual law-philosophical paradigm.

This institutional ethnography relies on observations, interviews, and textual analyses to explore the experiences of mothers and children who attend a women-centered agency in Vancouver, Canada where a hot lunch, child care in the emergency daycare, and participation in group activities are vital forms of support. Mothers who come to the centre have many concerns related to their need for safe housing, a sustainable income, adequate food, child care, and support. And like mothers anywhere, they have concerns about their children. While many of the children, the majority of them First Nations, have never had a diagnostic assessment for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or for the relatively new umbrella category, ‘fetal alcohol spectrum disorder’ (FASD), a number of the mothers were concerned or even knew that their children had FAS. This thesis asks – how does it happen that mothers have come to know their children in this way? The study critically examines how FASD knowledge and practices actually work in the setting and what they accomplish. My analysis traces how ruling practices for constructing and managing ‘problem’ mothers and children coordinate work activities for identifying children deemed to be ‘at risk’ for FASD. In their efforts to help their children and improve their opportunities for a better life, mothers become willing participants in group activities where they learn how to attach the relevancies of the FASD discourse to their children’s bodies or behaviours. They also gain instruction which helps them to confess their responsibility for children’s problems. While maternal alcohol use as the cause of FASD is contested in literature and in some work sites it is, in this setting, taken as a fact. This study discovers how institutional work processes involving government, medicine, and education actually shape and re-write women’s and children’s experiences into forms of knowledge that make mothers and children institutionally actionable. It is only by exposing the relations of power organizing mothers’ work that it may be possible to re-direct attention to mothers’ and children’s embodied concerns and relieve mothers of the overwhelming responsibility for which they are held and hold themselves to be accountable. / Graduate

Tills research project arose from an awareness that many Christian women experience female sexual desire and the expression of sexual pleasure within a religious context to be a forbidden subject and that they are consequently isolated in silence. The social construction of sexuality within the history of Christianity was briefly explored to see which discourses underpin current constructions of White Christian female sexuality. Tills feminist, participatory action research project challenged the silence on women's sexuality by inviting three women to narrate their personal stories of sexuality. With the help of narrative therapeutic practices, some of the dominant social and religious discourses that constitute White Christian female sexuality were challenged and explored. This research project aimed at the co-construction of narratives of sexuality that will hopefully be life-giving to Christian women's experiences with sexuality. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Specialization in Pastoral Therapy))

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:25:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3531.pdf: 1073503 bytes, checksum: 9279d320d1082fcce708572f16427c76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-23 / This research proposes to examine the texts ―Obrar‖, ―Ver‖, ―O apanhador de desperdício‖, ―Achadouros‖, ―Sobre importâncias‖ and ―Soberania‖ tha are present, respectively, on the books Memórias Inventadas: A Infância, Memórias Inventadas: A Segunda Infância, Memórias Inventadas: A Terceira Infância, published in 2003, 2006 and 2008 and written by Manoel de Barros, because we start from the premise that the aesthetic discourse of the subjects of these texts represents Barros s architectonics when he works with a construction of a discourses that are opposite of the contemporary social-political system discourses, that´s because while this hegemonic discourse, with its exclusionary and accumulative logic, disseminates a respect to the cartesian and logical world represented by the world of labor, that are the construction of opposite discourses expressed by the subjects of the above texts, which proclaim the world by an optic that values concrete subjectivism and, at the same time, contemplative and erotic, represented by the view and the voice of an adult-child subject, in its childhood. This way, we intend to show the aesthetic construction of these discourses, by a bakhtinian analysis about the subjects, time and space. The theoretical-analytical notions studied by the Bakhtin s Circle (that means the writings by Bakhtin, Voloshinov and Medvedev) are the basic proposals of this research (specifically the dialogism - as a philosophic notion focused on the Russian circle - ethics and aesthetics, subject, chronotope and carnavalization), since they collaborate for a better comprehension around the constitution of the aesthetic discourse proposed by Barros. This way of seeing, understanding and reprsentating the world achieves a new aesthetic meaning which undervalues the sense of speed and accuracy of the "adult world", present in this hegemonic discourse, to turn it into lightness, eroticism and contemplation, that are trangressors and constituentes values of early childhood memories of the ―adult-child‖ subject, ―porque eu não sou da informática: eu sou da invencionática (Barros, 2003, IX). / Esta pesquisa propõe analisar os textos ―Obrar‖, ―Ver‖, ―O apanhador de desperdício‖, ―Achadouros‖, ―Sobre importâncias‖ e ―Soberania‖ presentes, respectivamente nos livros Memórias Inventadas: A Infância, Memórias Inventadas: A Segunda Infância, Memórias Inventadas: A Terceira Infância, publicados em 2003, 2006 e 2008 e de autoria de Manoel de Barros, pois parte-se da premissa que os discursos estéticos dos sujeitos destes textos representem a arquitetônica de Barros ao apontar para a construção de discursos contrários aos proferidos pelo sistema político-social contemporâneo, uma vez que, enquanto o discurso hegemônico, com sua lógica excludente e acumulativa, prega um respeito ao mundo cartesiano e lógico representado pelo mundo do trabalho, surge a construção de contradiscursos expressos pelos sujeitos dos textos supracitados, que preconizam o mundo por meio de uma ótica que valoriza o subjetivismo concreto e, ao mesmo tempo, contemplativo e erótico, representado pela visão e voz de um sujeito adulto-criança, em sua infância. Dessa forma procura-se evidenciar a construção estética desses contradiscursos, por meio de uma análise bakhtiniana sobre sujeito, tempo e espaço. As noções teórico-analíticas estudadas pelo Círculo de Bakhtin (o que compreende os escritos de Bakhtin, Voloshinov e Medvedev) fundamentam a proposta desta pesquisa (especificamente dialogismo enquanto noção filosófica norteadora do Círculo russo , ética-estética, sujeito, cronotopia e carnavalização), uma vez que (co)laboram para uma melhor compreensão acerca da constituição do contradiscurso estético de Barros. Essa maneira de ver, entender e retratar o mundo conquista uma nova significação estética que despreza o sentido de velocidade e de exatidão do ―mundo adulto‖ presente no discurso hegemônico para transcendê-lo em leveza, erotismo e contemplação, valores transgredientes e constituintes das memórias da infância do sujeito adulto-criança, ―porque eu não sou da informática: eu sou da invencionática‖ (Barros, 2003, IX).

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This thesis reports on a qualitative exploration of the experiences of 30 women designated as ‘high risk’ due to the co-existence of ‘maternal obesity’ (BMI ≥ 30) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)/Type Two Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in pregnancy. This is examined in the context of medico-scientific/public health/ popular media discourses pertaining to ‘maternal obesity’/GDM/T2DM in pregnancy. ‘Maternal obesity’/GDM/T2DM in pregnancy are increasingly prevalent and clinically associated in manifold ways. Increasing prevalence is linked to the ‘global epidemic’ of ‘obesity’/diabetes: now commonly referred to as ‘diabesity’. Current biomedical knowledge asserts ‘maternal obesity’ and diabetes (‘maternal diabesity’) synergise in causing adverse pregnancy outcomes, have long term health implications for the offspring and contribute to an ‘intergenerational cycle’ of ‘obesity’/diabetes. This is the first qualitative study to consider pregnancy/post-birth experiences of women with co-existing ‘maternal obesity’ and GDM/T2DM in pregnancy from a sociological perspective. Participants undertook a series of auto/biographical narrative interviews. Longitudinal engagement provided nuanced psycho-social insight into women’s perceptions/experiences and the socio-cultural context of their lives. Analysis of pertinent ‘pregnancy’ Internet fora postings augmented interview data and was utilised for comparative/corroborative purposes. Participants were predominantly of low socio-economic status, congruent with epidemiological data. The concept of pregnancy ‘planning’ was not resonant and few women accessed/felt predisposed to access preconception care. Women did not identify as ‘obese’, and knowledge/perception of risks associated with the medical ‘conditions’ was low. Women perceived themselves to be stigmatised due to their weight in society and specifically within healthcare. Many participants were experiencing acute/chronic stress which appeared to have mediated risk perceptions/compromised diabetic regimen adherence. Expense of ‘healthy’ eating/diabetic diet was considered prohibitive. Women’s material circumstances/socio-cultural milieux may militate against ability to minimise risk and effect lifestyle change. Policy and practice, for the most part, fails to take this into account.

Bakgrund: Det finns åtskilliga studier gjorda på kroppsbyggare och fitnessatleter där kroppens fysiologiska funktioner och nutritionens betydelse studerats. Kroppen står i fokus och blir det objekt som undersöks. En stor kunskapslucka inom forskningen är dock fitnessatleters upplevelser kring olika fenomen och företeelser som är en stor del av deras liv. Motivet till att genomföra denna studie, väcktes utifrån denna iakttagelse. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att skapa kunskap om unga fitnessatleters upplevelser kring kroppsideal, självobjektifiering och psykosocial hälsa inom fitnesskulturen. Teoretisk referensram: Studien har sin utgångspunkt i den sociokulturella teorin, praktikgemenskaper, samt objektifierings- och självobjektifieringsteorin. De två förstnämnda teorierna innebär att individen lär sig och formas utifrån den sociokultur denne befinner sig i, med hjälp av artefakter och redskap. Den sistnämnda teorin bygger på att individens kropp betraktas likt ett objekt, vilket reduceras till något som är till för andra att uppskatta eller recensera. Metod: Den kvalitativa empiriinsamlingen bestod av intervjuer. Då data skulle analyseras, användes diskursanalys som verktyg för att filtrera transkriberad data från intervjuerna. Utifrån detta kunde diskurser identifieras, som sedan delades upp i olika kategorier/teman. Resultat: Av studien framkom det olika diskurser kring kroppsideal, självobjektifiering och psykosocial påverkan. Samtliga diskurser innefattade sociala medier som påverkan. ”Förväntningar som press”, ”det vältränade kroppsidealet” och ”kroppen som identitet” var diskurser som alla kopplades till sociala medier. Tydligt framkom att det finns en växelverkan i skapandet av kroppsideal, självobjektifiering och psykosocial påverkan, mellan fitnessatleters exponerade kroppar i sociala medier och omgivningens syn av dessa. Konklusion: Den diskurs som framkom tydligast var förväntningar som press kopplat till sociala medier. Exponering av den egna kroppen i sociala medier bidrar till förväntningar och en negativ press på den unga fitnessatleten. Framtida forskning skulle möjligen fokusera på att studera praktiska instanser baserade på mentala verktyg som tilldelas fitnessatleterna, för att på så vis få dessa att utveckla eller bibehålla en sund inställning till sporten och kulturen.