A aplicação de técnicas de Inteligência artificial em sistemas elétricos de potência permite a resolução de problemas onde soluções tradicionais não mostram bons resultados. Por exemplo, após a ocorrência de uma falta, um sistema automatizado toma todas as medidas necessárias para proteger o sistema e assumir um estado seguro de operação. Nessa ocasião, cabe aos operadores verificar todas as mensagens e dados disponíveis, selecionando aquelas relevantes, para então chegar a uma conclusão sobre o evento ocorrido. Apenas após esse diagnóstico, com base em seu conhecimento, o operador pode ordenar o restabelecimento do sistema ou sua manobra para outro estado. Esse processo é lento e passível de falhas, pois as informações são usualmente conflitantes e confusas, devido à avalanche de eventos, alarmes e alertas decorrentes. Diante desta dificuldade, é interessante dispor de uma ferramenta automática de diagnóstico e apoio na tomada de decisão que torne essa tarefa mais ágil e com menores riscos. Este trabalho aborda a integração e a interoperabilidade de equipamentos de uma subestação elétrica em conformidade com a norma IEC 61850, e a utilização de sistemas inteligentes com lógica Fuzzy executados em um controlador programável moderno. O sistema proposto faz uso de recursos de comunicação da IEC 61850, com mensagens prioritárias padrão GOOSE incluindo valores analógicos de corrente de falta, além de mensagens no padrão TCP/IP MMS. Essas informações, alarmes e eventos, são processadas de forma automática por um motor Fuzzy que permite aproximar a decisão computacional à decisão humana, incluindo zonas de incerteza e lógica ponderada, permitindo respostas mais abstratas do que algo puramente binário. O sistema proposto foi submetido a um grande número de eventos com um simulador em tempo real, com equipamentos reais, tais como IEDs e um controlador programável de alto desempenho. Além disso o sistema usou um esquema de comunicação inovador para o módulo do processador de dados em tempo real (RTDP), inteiramente baseado nos protocolos da IEC 61850. / The application of artificial intelligence techniques in electric power systems allows solving problems where traditional solutions do not show good results. For example, in electric power systems, after the occurence of a fault, an automated system takes all necessary measures to protect the system and assume a safe state of operation. On this occasion, it is for operators to review all messages and data available, selecting those relevant to then come to a conclusion about the event that occurred. Only after this diagnosis, based on his knowledge the operator may order the restoration of the system or their operation to another state. This process is therefore slow and subject to failure, because the information is usually conflicting and confusing because of the avalanche of events, alarms and warnings arising. Faced with this difficulty, it is interesting to have an automatic diagnostic tool and support in decision making that makes this task quicker and with less risk. This paper addresses the integration and interoperability of an electrical substation equipment in accordance with IEC 61850, and the use of intelligent systems Fuzzy logic running on a modern programmable controller. The proposed system makes use of the IEC 61850 communication resources with priority GOOSE messages including standard analog values of fault current, as well as messages on standard TCP / IP MMS. This information, alarms and events, are processed automatically by a fuzzy engine that allows the computational approach to human decision making, including areas of uncertainty and weighted logic, allowing more abstract answers than purely binary. The proposed system has undergone a large number of events with a simulator in real time with actual equipment such as a programmable controller IEDs and high performance. In addition the system used an innovative communication scheme for the module\'s real-time data processor ( RTDP ), based entirely on the IEC 61850 standard protocols such as MMS and GOOSE messages.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-09-26T20:49:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JULIO CÉSAR ALVES.pdf: 1018235 bytes, checksum: 15f547efb031a109bdccb1752c168466 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T20:49:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JULIO CÉSAR ALVES.pdf: 1018235 bytes, checksum: 15f547efb031a109bdccb1752c168466 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-19 / The present study assessed and treated bizarre verbal responses of three participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and was based on theoretical and practical fundamentals of Behavior Analysis. In order to do so we analyzed the control exerted by antecedent and consequent events on verbal responses of the participants, who were all female, with ages varying between 48 and 63 years. The participants were interned in a mental health institution. A functional assessment process was conduced using indirect and direct observation and functional (experimental) analysis. The functional analysis involved the manipulation of environmental events across four conditions: attention, control, demand escape and alone, being that the attention condition was subdivided in three other conditions in which disapproving, reverse and stare were manipulated. For the demand condition a task that could be avoided or delayed was presented. In order to assess the sensorial stimulation each participant was left alone in a room. One condition with high density schedule of reinforcement served as control. When treating bizarre verbal responses we used DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternative behavior) and the verbal discrimination controlled by an alternated treatment experimental design and a follow-up. The results show that the occurrences of measured responses increased in attention conditions and decreased in demand and control conditions. In alone condition the responses never occurred. It is evident that social attention is a powerful reinforcer for bizarre verbal responses. Based on the data collected throughout the study, we concluded that the control of responding exerted by the antecedent events offer a more satisfying description of the control exerted by consequences. Regarding the treatment, the data show that the frequency of the bizarre verbal responses decreased and the appropriate ones increased. It is worth highlighting that the presence of different antecedent conditions changed the likelihood of occurrence of bizarre verbal responses, which justifies the analysis of the control exerted both by antecedent and consequent events upon inappropriate responding of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. / O presente estudo avaliou e tratou das respostas verbais bizarras de três pessoas com o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia a partir dos fundamentos teóricos e práticos da análise do comportamento. Para essa finalidade foi analisado o controle exercido pelos eventos antecedentes e consequentes sobre as respostas verbais das participantes, do sexo feminino, cujas idades variaram entre 48 a 63 anos. As participantes se encontravam internadas em uma instituição de saúde mental. Usou-se o processo avaliação funcional por observação indireta, direta e a análise funcional (experimental). A análise funcional envolveu a manipulação de eventos ambientais em quatro condições principais: atenção, controle, fuga de demanda e sozinho, sendo que a condição de atenção foi subdividida em três subcondições com o desaprovar, o inverter e o encarar manipulados. Para a condição de demanda, foi oferecida uma tarefa que poderia ser retirada ou adiada. Para avaliar a estimulação sensorial, cada participante foi deixada sozinha na sala. Uma condição com esquema denso de reforçadores serviu como controle. Para tratar as respostas verbais bizarras foi empregado o DRA (reforçamento diferencial de comportamentos alternativos) e a discriminação verbal controlados pelo delineamento de tratamentos alternados seguido de follow-up. Os resultados apontaram que as ocorrências das respostas ocorreram principalmente nas condições de atenção, sendo que nas condições de demanda e controle, poucas foram às emissões destas respostas. Já na condição sozinho, a frequencia foi zero. Ficou evidenciado ser a atenção social um potente reforçador para as respostas verbais bizarras. Com base nos dados deste estudo, conclui-se que o controle do responder exercido pelos eventos antecedentes melhor elucida o controle exercido pelos eventos consequentes. Em relação ao tratamento os dados apontaram que as frequências das respostas verbais diminuíram e as apropriadas aumentaram. Destaca-se que a presença de diferentes condições antecedentes as respostas verbais bizarras alteraram sua probabilidade de ocorrência, o que justifica a importância de se analisar, com igual relevância, o controle pelos eventos antecedentes e consequentes sobre o responder inapropriado de pessoas com o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia

O Cretáceo inferior é caracterizado por mudanças drásticas em todos os envelopes terrestres, envolvendo desde variações geodinâmicas a importantes mudanças paleoclimáticas. Entretanto, há poucos registros desses eventos no hemisfério sul, sendo o DSDP-511 o principal deles. Com objetivo de gerar melhores vínculos temporais para os registros do Cretáceo Inferior no hemisfério sul, foram realizados estudos paleomagnéticos e de magnetismo ambiental em alta resolução espacial em uma secção do sítio DSDP-511 (núcleos 58 e 59), a qual corresponde ao intervalo entre 508,77 a 523,94 mbsf (meters below sea floor) e abrange os estágios Barremiano e Aptiano. A compreensão dos eventos paleoclimáticos neste sítio não é trivial, uma vez que, além de ambiguidade nas idades inferidas pela bioestratigrafia, apenas parte do evento de anoxia oceânica OAE 1a está registrada devido a uma lacuna de amostragem. Foram identificados dois principais portadores magnéticos através da análise de curvas de aquisição e desmagnetização de magnetização remanente anisterética (ARM) e magnetização remanente isotérmica (IRM). O mineral de baixa corecividade é a magnetita, confirmada a partir da desmagnetização de IRM triaxial. Sua origem é provavelmente detrítica. O portador de alta coercividade foi interpretado como hematita. A contribuição relativa dos portadores magnéticos apresentou uma variação acentuada no intervalo entre 512 e 514 mbsf, sendo manifestada através de um pico em todos os parâmetros de magnetismo ambiental. Esta variação está associada também à maior concentração de minerais magnéticos neste intervalo e coincide com um marcado aumento na temperatura da superfície dos oceanos. Após desmagnetização progressiva e identificação da componente magnética característica foram definidas duas zonas de polaridade normal e uma zona de polaridade reversa (518,9 e 518,16 mbsf). Além disso, foi definida uma zona discreta de polaridade reversa em 509,20 mbsf. Os resultados encontrados apresentam diferenças significativas quando comparadas com estudos anteriores no mesmo testemunho. Uma datação Re-Os em folhelhos negros de 125,3 ± 2,2 Ma entre 519,01 e 519,40 mbsf foi obtida recentemente e forneceu um vínculo absoluto de idade para o intervalo estudado. O padrão de reversões encontrado foi compatível com a presença dos chrons M0r e ISEA. O modelo de idades proposto permite reposicionar o evento OAE 1a entre as profundidades 513,5 a 518 mbsf, incluindo a parte não recuperada do testemunho. Esta interpretação também compatível com dados de TOC e de 13C obtidos recentemente por outros autores. / The lower Cretaceous is characterized by drastic changes in the Earth, from geodynamic variations to important paleoclimatic changes. However, there are few records of these events in the southern hemisphere, the DSDP-511 being the most comprehensive one. In order to provide better temporal constraints for the lower Cretaceous records in the southern hemisphere, paleomagnetic and high-resolution environmental magnetism studies were performed in a section of the DSDP-511 site (cores 58 and 59), which corresponds to the interval between 508.77 to 523.94 mbsf (meters below sea floor) and covers the Barremian and Aptian stages. The correct assessment of paleoclimatic events at this site is not trivial because, in addition to the ambiguity at the ages inferred by biostratigraphy, only part of the OAE 1a (oceanic anoxic event) was recovered. Two main magnetic carriers were identified through the analysis of acquisition and demagnetization of anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) curves. The low coercivity mineral is magnetite, as attested by triaxial IRM demagnetization. Its origin is likely detrital. The high coercivity carrier was interpreted as hematite. The relative contribution of magnetic carriers has a strong variation in the interval between 512 and 514 mbsf, being manifested by a peak in all parameters of environmental magnetism. This variation is also associated with the higher concentration of magnetic minerals and coincides with a marked increase in the sea surface temperature in this interval. After stepwise demagnetization and identification of the characteristic magnetic component, two zones of normal polarity and a zone of reverse polarity (518.9 and 518.16 mbsf) were defined. In addition, a discrete zone of reverse polarity was defined at 509.20 mbsf. The results obtained present significant differences when compared with previous studies in the same core. A Re-Os dating on black shales of 125.3 ± 2.2 Ma between 519.01 and 519.40 mbsf was obtained recently and provided an absolute constraint onto which the polarity zones could be matched. The pattern of reversions found is compatible with the presence of chrons M0r and ISEA. The proposed age model allows repositioning the OAE 1a event between depths 513.5 to 518 mbsf in the core and overlap the unrecovered part. This interpretation is also compatible with TOC and 13C data recently obtained by other authors.

Bakgrund Högt intrakraniellt tryck hos traumatiskt hjärnskadade patienter kan behandlas med traditionell basbehandling, tiopentalsedering eller dekompressiv hemikraniektomi. Metoderna medför risk för komplikationer och svårigheter att utföra omvårdnad. Syfte Studiens syfte var att undersöka om det fanns någon skillnad i vändningsfrekvens, tid i ryggläge och förekomst av trycksår och lungkomplikationer mellan patienterna som fått basbehandling, behandlats med tiopental eller genomgått hemikraniektomi. Dessutom studerades förekomst av postoperativa komplikationer hos de patienter som hade genomgått hemikraniektomi. Metod Detta gjordes genom retrospektiv journalgranskning. 36 patienter från åren 2008–2016 inkluderades. Resultat Patienterna som fått basbehandling vändes oftare, 9,5 ggr/dygn, jämfört med patienterna som behandlats med tiopental, eller hemikraniektomi, vilka vändes 7,9 ggr/dygn. Tiden i ryggläge var kortare, 40,1%, jämfört med 52,3%, för de tiopentalbehandlade patienterna, respektive 54,8% för de hemikraniektomerade patienterna. Trycksår återfanns hos patienter behandlade med tiopental, 2(5%), eller hemikraniektomi, 2(5%). 50 % av patienterna som behandlades med tiopental och hemikraniektomi hade förtätningar på lungröntgen jämfört med 2% av patienterna som hade fått basbehandling. Längst ventilatortid hade patienterna som fått tiopental, 16,4 dygn, jämfört med hemikraniektomigruppens 14,1 dygn och de basbehandlade patienternas 13,8 dygn. Av patienterna som genomgick hemikraniektomi uppstod postoperativa komplikationer hos 2(17%) av 12. Slutsats Patienter behandlade med tiopental eller hemikraniektomi verkar vara mer utsatta för komplikationer och vänds i mindre utsträckning och spenderar mer tid i ryggläge är patienter som fått basbehandling. Omvårdnaden av de traumatiskt hjärnskadade patienterna behöver individualiseras, och vaksamhet krävs för att identifiera de mest utsatta patienterna och kunna förebygga riskerna för komplikationer, så att vårdlidandet kan minskas. / Background Intracranial hypertension following traumatic brain injury is treated with either basic medical treatment, barbiturate coma or decompressive craniectomy. The methods are associated with complications and difficulties performing nursing care. Aim To investigate whether there was a difference in frequency of repositioning, time spent in supine position and number of complications between the patient groups, and to out rule the number of postoperative complications following decompressive craniectomy. Method A retrospective medical record review was conducted including 36 patients from the years 2008-2016. Result The basic medical treatment group had a higher frequency of repositioning, 9,5 times a day, compared to 7,9 times a day in the other groups, and a shorter amount of time, 40,1%, in supine position, compared to 52,3% (barbiturate coma), or 54,8% (decompressive craniectomy). Pressure injuries occurred among patients treated with barbiturate coma 2(5%) or decompressive craniectomy, 2(5%). Increased density in chest x-ray was seen in 50% of the patients treated with barbiturate coma and decompressive craniectomy, compared to 2% (basic medical treatment). Barbiturate coma was associated with the longest time of mechanical ventilation, 16,4 days, compared to 14,1 days and 13,8 days for the decompressive craniectomy group and the basic medical treatment group. Postoperative complications occurred in 2(17%) patients. Conclusion Patients treated with barbiturate coma or decompressive craniectomy seem to be of higher risk of complications, as having a lower frequency of repositioning and more time spent in supine position. Nursing care needs to be individually adapted to prevent complications and minimise suffering in patients with traumatic brain injury.

abstract: The movement between tectonic plates is accommodated through brittle (elastic) displacement on the plate boundary faults and ductile permanent deformation on the fault borderland. The elastic displacement along the fault can occur in the form of either large seismic events or aseismic slip, known as fault creep. Fault creep mainly occurs at the deep ductile portion of the crust, where the temperature is high. Nonetheless, aseismic creep can also occur on the shallow brittle portion of the fault segments that are characterized by frictionally weak material, elevated pore fluid pressure, or geometrical complexity. Creeping segments are assumed to safely release the accumulated strain(Kodaira et al., 2004; Rice, 1992)(Kodaira et al., 2004; Rice, 1992)(Kodaira et al., 2004; Rice, 1992)(Kodaira et al., 2004; Rice, 1992)(Kodaira et al., 2004; Rice, 1992) on the fault and also impede propagation of the seismic rupture. The rate of aseismic slip on creeping faults, however, might not be steady in time and instead consist of successive periods of acceleration and deceleration, known as slow slip events (SSEs). SSEs, which aseismically release the strain energy over a period of days to months, rather than the seconds to minutes characteristic of a typical earthquake, have been interpreted as earthquake precursors and as possible triggering factor for major earthquakes. Therefore, understanding the partitioning of seismic and aseismic fault slip and evolution of creep is fundamental to constraining the fault earthquake potential and improving operational seismic hazard models. Thanks to advances in tectonic geodesy, it is now possible to detect the fault movement in high spatiotemporal resolution and develop kinematic models of the creep evolution on the fault to determine the budget of seismic and aseismic slip. In this dissertation, I measure the decades-long time evolution of fault-related crustal deformation along the San Andrea Fault in California and the northeast Japan subduction zone using space-borne geodetic techniques, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The surface observation of deformation combined with seismic data set allow constraining the time series of creep distribution on the fault surface at seismogenic depth. The obtained time-dependent kinematic models reveal that creep in both study areas evolves through a series of SSEs, each lasting for several months. Using physics-based models informed by laboratory experiments, I show that the transient elevation of pore fluid pressure is the driving mechanism of SSEs. I further investigate the link between SSEs and evolution of seismicity on neighboring locked segments, which has implications for seismic hazard models and also provides insights into the pattern of microstructure on the fault surface. I conclude that while creeping segments act as seismic rupture barriers, SSEs on these zones might promote seismicity on adjacent seismogenic segments, thus change the short-term earthquake forecast. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Geological Sciences 2018

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-04T12:20:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna RuschelDesign.pdf: 11737426 bytes, checksum: 0c99d182e3dee9ac0b586edf89b54a4a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-04T12:20:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna RuschelDesign.pdf: 11737426 bytes, checksum: 0c99d182e3dee9ac0b586edf89b54a4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-15 / Nenhuma / O sistema da moda contemporânea organiza-se na sociedade através da premissa da constante renovação, devido ao seu caráter efêmero. Nessa organização, inserem-se diferentes tipos de eventos de moda que necessitam acompanhar as mudanças impostas pelo sistema, indo ao encontro das expectativas das pessoas. Este estudo delimita-se em analisar as relações de experiência e emoções estabelecidas entre indivíduos e exposições de moda adulta feminina. A metodologia utilizada no estudo é constituída por revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo exploratória, contemplada por meio do desenvolvimento e da análise de duas exposições de moda, intituladas como Experimentos I e II. Teve-se como premissa de estudo que as relações firmadas entre o público espectador e as exposições de moda ocorrem através de diferentes formas de interatividade, sendo a estimulação dos sentidos vitais uma importante ferramenta viabilizadora de experiência. Os resultados apontam que a interatividade e o ineditismo são fatores apreciados pelos indivíduos durante exposições de moda e a estimulação dos sentidos vitais ocorre, de modo mais evidente, indiretamente. Tais constatações motivaram o desenvolvimento de uma proposta imagética e teórica que sintetiza os comportamentos analisados entre indivíduo e contextos de eventos que podem ser verificados nas considerações finais. / The fashion system is organized in contemporary society through the assumption of constant renewal due to its ephemeral nature. Into this organization several types of fashion events are inserted, that need to follow the changes imposed by the system, going against people’s expectations. This study limits itself to analyze the relations of emotion and experience established between individuals and adult female fashion exhibitions. The methodology of the study consists of literature review and exploratory field research, viewed through the development and analysis of two fashion exhibitions, titled as Experiments I and II. We had as this study’s premise that relations signed between the viewing public of exhibitions and fashion take place through different forms of interactivity, being the stimulation of vital senses an important experience enabler tool. The results show that the interactivity and originality are factors valued by individuals during fashion exhibitions, and the stimulation of the vital senses occurs, most evidently, in an indirect way. These findings motivated the development of a theoretical proposal and imagery that synthesize the analyzed behaviors between individuals and contexts of events that can be verified in the final considerations.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-04T14:38:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarizangelaMoraisAdministracao.pdf: 753566 bytes, checksum: d5e38159556476f74933fede9d9464c9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-04T14:38:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarizangelaMoraisAdministracao.pdf: 753566 bytes, checksum: d5e38159556476f74933fede9d9464c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24 / Nenhuma / Este estudo analisa o grau de relacionamento da cadeia de suprimentos do setor de serviços de eventos em Goiânia – GO, avaliando se esse processo gera valor ao cliente final. Portanto a pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo o setor de serviços em eventos. Ciente que os eventos assumem grande importância no mercado, pois são pouco atingidos em épocas de crise, independem de formas de governo, podem ser realizados em qualquer época do ano, captam renda, geram empregos, motivam investimentos, não sofrem grande concorrência da tecnologia usam a interação humana, promovem outros segmentos da economia e seu planejamento tem de estar concluído com bastante antecedência. Contudo o setor é altamente competitivo, exigindo cada vez mais, interação, bem como profissionalismo dos agentes envolvidos. Por ser assim levantou-se como questão problema “como o relacionamento na cadeia de suprimentos do setor de eventos pode agregar valor ao consumidor final? Utilizou-se como bases teóricas as temáticas referentes a cadeia de suprimentos, serviços, relacionamentos, valor para o cliente e eventos. A pesquisa dividiu-se em duas etapas uma exploratória e outra descritiva de natureza qualitativa. Foram utilizados dois modelos de mensuração de relacionamento sendo o de Wilson e Vlosky (1997) e Larentis e Slongo (2007) no qual selecionou-se atributos que deram origem ao roteiro de entrevista semi- estruturado, sendo entrevistadas duas cadeias de suprimentos do setor de eventos a primeira com experiência de mais de 5 anos de atuação e outra com máximo de 2 anos de atuação, os membros entrevistados foram, organizador de eventos, fornecedores e clientes. Os resultados do estudo indicam, de modo geral, uma defasagem existente entre a realidade da cadeia de suprimentos do setor de eventos em Goiânia com os conceitos de relacionamento encontrados na literatura, uma vez que a cadeia de suprimentos do setor de eventos apresenta algumas lacunas em seus sistemas de atuação, em especial em relação: a comunicação, a avaliação dos serviços, percepção de qualidade e falta de visão sistêmica dos serviços, por tanto o estudo aponta que o marketing utilizado pelas empresas se enquadra mais no de transação do que no de relacionamento. / This study analyzes the degree of relationship of supply chain services industry events in Goiânia - GO, evaluating whether this process creates value to the customer. So the research aims to study the service sector in events. Aware that events of great importance in the market because they are little affected in times of crisis, independent of government forms, may be performed at any time of year, receive income, create jobs, motivate investment, not suffer competition from big technology because they use human interaction, promote other sectors of the economy and its planning must be completed well in advance. However the industry is highly competitive, demanding more and more interaction and professionalism of the agents involved. Being raised as well as problem question "as the relationship in the supply chain of the events sector can add value to the final consumer? Was used as the theoretical issues involved in the supply chain, services, relationships, customer value and events. The research was divided into two stages and one an exploratory descriptive qualitative. Two models were used to measure the relationship with Wilson and Vlosky (1997) and their slogans and Larent (2007) in which attributes are selected a giving rise to the roadmap for semi-structured interviews with two supply chain sector events with the first experience of more than five years of operation and another with a maximum of 2 years experience, members were interviewed event organizer, suppliers and customers. The study results indicate, overall, a gap between the reality of sup ply chain industry event in Goiania relationship with the concepts found in literature, since the supply chain industry event has some gaps in their systems of operation, in particular regarding: communication, evaluation of services, perceived quality and lack of systemic vision of services, for both the study suggests that marketing used by companies was more squarely in the transaction than in the relationship.

Background: Individuals who experience negative life events may be at increased risk for suicidal behavior. Intrapersonal characteristics, such as basic psychological needs, however, may buffer this association. Aims: To assess the potential moderating role of overall basic psychological needs, and the separate components of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, on the association between negative life events and suicidal behavior. MethodOur sample of 439 college students (311 females, 71%) completed the following self-report surveys: Life Events Scale, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, Beck Depression Inventory ; II, and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised. Results: In support of our hypotheses, negative life events were associated with greater levels of suicidal ideation and attempts, and satisfaction of basic psychological needs, including autonomy, relatedness, and competence, significantly moderated this relationship, over and above the effects of the covariates of age, sex, and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior associated with the experience of negative life events is not inevitable. Therapeutically bolstering competence, autonomy, and relatedness may be an important suicide prevention strategy for individuals experiencing life stressors.

Objective: We tested a hypothesized model consistent with the notion that self-compassion mediates the association between negative life events and suicidal risk (viz., depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors) in college students. Method: The sample was comprised of 331 college students. Self-compassion facets (viz., self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and overidentification) were used in testing for multiple mediation, controlling for sex. Results: Common humanity, mindfulness, and overidentification were found to mediate the association between negative life events (NLE) and depressive symptoms. However, common humanity was found to be the only mediator of the association between NLE and suicidal behaviors. Conclusion: These findings suggest that there are specific facets of self-compassion that account for the association between NLE and suicidal risk in college students and that (loss of) common humanity plays a central role in this process.

The objective of this study was to examine the combined moderating effects of life stress and loneliness on the association between social problem solving ability (SPS) and suicidal behaviors. We assessed SPS, suicidal behavior, loneliness, and stressful life events in a sample of 385 ethnically diverse college students. Overall, only loneliness moderated the association between SPS and suicidal behaviors. Across ethnic groups, loneliness moderated the association between SPS and suicidal behavior for Blacks, Whites, and Asians; life stress was a moderator for Hispanics. For most individuals, loneliness increases the strength of the association between poor problem-solving and suicidal behaviors. For Hispanics, life stress exacerbates this relationship. Ethnically-specific prevention strategies targeting loneliness and life stress may promote effective problem-solving, reducing suicide risk.