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The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of the Equals mathematics curriculum had any statistically significant impact on the 2012 Florida Alternate Assessment mathematics scores of students with disabilities in six Florida school districts when comparing the scores of those who received mathematics instruction via the curriculum to the scores of students with disabilities in six other Florida school districts who did not receive mathematics instruction via the curriculum. This study further examined the perceptions of and attitudes about the Equals mathematics curriculum that exist among Exceptional Student Education (ESE) teachers who teach mathematics to students with disabilities participating in the Florida Alternate Assessment (FAA). The study utilized a mixed methods approach to research that included both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The quantitative portion of the study was conducted using archival data obtained from the 2012 Florida Alternate Assessment Data Book. A Mann-Whitney U Test was conducted through SPSS at a significance level of α = .05 to test for relative differences in performance between the treatment (Equals) and control (non-Equals) groups. Based on the results, the Equals mathematics curriculum did not have any statistically significant impact on the 2012 FAA mathematics scores for students with disabilities in the treatment school districts at any of the tested grade groupings (elementary, middle, high, and overall). The qualitative method of data collection utilized an online teacher survey. The results were analyzed using the researcher-coded results and assisted through summary iv tables provided by Survey-Monkey. Differences and similarities among the survey question responses were explored. Common terms and themes were noted and compared. Data triangulation was used by surveying teachers from five of the six treatment counties. This promoted generalizability for study replication since the treatment counties train teachers and utilize the curriculum in different manners. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that many teachers were not satisfied with the training they received and felt overwhelmed by the curriculum itself, specifically in the areas of lesson planning and delivery. Based on the quantitative and qualitative results, it was concluded that further research needs to be completed to determine the effectiveness of the Equals mathematics curriculum when used with true fidelity.

Gifted students are not easily identified. They often mask their cognitive skills, use poor writing or might not write at all in class, even though gifted students often know how to write especially enriched and well. Previous studies show that 92% of the examined gifted students in the community Mensa suffered from being bored and not perceiving enough challenges in elementary school. As a consequence of not being able to learn at the fast pace the gifted students' intelligent brain needs, bored gifted students often become homebound. The purpose of this study is to increase the knowledge of how to support gifted students in their writing development. Based on previous research and our studies on gifted students writing development our main questions are as following; What reasoning do teachers use to promote the writing development of the especially gifted students? Which teaching practices do teachers experience as promoting or limiting in gifted students' writing development? Using qualitative interviews and surveys to collect data, our study indicates that gifted students need to experience meaningfulness in the assignment and fully understand the purpose of which, to gain access to their individual development. Principals were shown to have a key role in supporting teachers, enabling gifted students the right to accelerate in the subject and develop teachers' knowledge in gifted students.

This thesis deals with the integration of gifted children to kindergarten. It outlines the needs and demands of these children - parents, educators, environment, forms and methods of education. The practical part focuses on specific research - identifying gifted children in kindergarten and on the conditions of their education. The research was conducted by e-mail between kindergarten teachers in all 14 regions of the Czech Republic. The practical part is supplemented by two case report of exceptionally gifted children (a boy and a girl) who are (resp. were) integrated and educated in private nursery schools. Conclusion The thesis contains suggestions for how to practice.

Absente de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, mais prévue par le règlement de la Cour, la révision des arrêts de celle-ci apparaît comme une procédure exceptionnelle qui, à première vue, ne soulève pas de problèmes particuliers. S’agissant pourtant d’une procédure qui existe dans un système institué en vue de la protection des droits de l’homme, il faut déterminer quel est le rôle que la révision peut jouer dans un tel système. A cet égard, l’examen des arrêts adoptés par la Cour à la suite des demandes en révision qui lui ont été présentées relève que la disposition régissant la révision est de nature à susciter une réflexion approfondie et ce, bien que le nombre des arrêts prononcés dans ce domaine ne soit pas impressionnant. En effet, les questions soulevées dans les procédures en révision impliquent une lecture minutieuse de ladite disposition, dont la richesse ne doit pas être sous-estimée. / Not included in the European Convention on Human Rights, but provided for by the Rules of Court, the revision of its judgments appears as an exceptional procedure that, at first glance, does not raise particular issues. However, being amongst the procedures belonging to the human rights protection system, it must be determined what role revision may play in such a system. In this respect, the examination of the judgments delivered by the Court following the requests for revision submitted to it points out that the provision governing revision is likely to give rise to a thorough reflection, even though the number of judgments in this area is not impressive. Indeed, the issues raised in the procedures for revision involve a careful reading of the before-mentioned provision, whose potential should not be underestimated.

Essa pesquisa pretende analisar e aprofundar os limites de implementação das Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social 1 (ZEIS 1) na cidade de São Paulo, como um instrumento de defesa do direito à cidade e à moradia social e como um dos dispositivos mais importantes da Reforma Urbana, instituídos pelo Estatuto das Cidades e consolidados em toda a legislação urbanística e de direito urbano posterior. É um mecanismo de promoção da urbanização e regularização fundiária, que envolve projetos e obras. Em sua concepção urbanística, é um aparato de uso e ocupação do solo; um zoneamento de exceção, vinculado ao planejamento urbano e às políticas públicas de desenvolvimento urbano e habitacional. Diante do avanço da dimensão mercadológica da cidade e das políticas públicas neoliberais, se faz necessário compreender como os segmentos políticos, econômicos e sociais, disputam e se apropriam do instrumento, sob o quadro do novo marco regulatório do Plano Diretor Estratégico (PDE), Lei 16.050/ 2014 e a Lei de Zoneamento Lei 16.402/ 2016. Sobretudo com o aquecimento do mercado imobiliário, reflexo do incremento de financiamentos federais, viabilizados por meio do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida e do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento nas áreas periféricas da cidade. Espera-se evidenciar as especificidades desses territórios - classificados de forma homogênea na cidade de São Paulo, demonstrar a relação das ZEIS 1 com as unidades e escalas de planejamento urbano; bem como, a importância do Plano de Urbanização das ZEIS 1 como instrumento de apropriação cidadã. Para isso, será avaliada a evolução das propostas executadas e em andamento, para um complexo de ZEIS 1, formado pelas ZEIS1 W101 contigua a ZEIS1 S005, S006 e as ZEIS1 S009, que juntas, somam a área de 4.764.279,29km2, na Zona Sul da cidade de São Paulo, região onde se localiza o projeto do Parque Novo Santo Amaro V, elaborado pelo Arq. Hector Vigliecca (2009-2012) e contratado pela Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo através do Programa Saneamento Ambiental dos Mananciais do Alto Tietê, e também o Projeto de Intervenção Urbanística (PIU) do Terminal de ônibus do Jardim Ângela. / The goal of this research is to analyze and to delve into the Special Zones Of Social Interest 1 (ZEIS 1) in the city of Sao Paulo as a defense resource to the right to the city and to housing, and as one of the most important legal mechanisms from the Urban Reformation, set by the Statute of the City and consolidated by every subsequent urban legislation. It is a mechanism to promote urbanization and land regularization and therefore involves civil projects and construction sites. In its urbanistic conception, it is a tool for land use; an exceptional zoning area, related to urban planning and to public policies of urban development and housing. In face of the development of the city as an opportunity for the capital and for neoliberal public policies, it is necessary to shed light on how the political, economic and social sectors fight for and appropriate such mechanism, under the legal framework of the Strategic Master Plan (PDE), Law 16.050/2014, and the Land Use Act, Law 16.402/2016, especially due to the boom in the real estate market, a consequence of the increase in federal spending by means of the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program and the Growth Acceleration Program in the outskirts of the city. The expectation is to highlight the specificities of such areas, wrongfully sorted homogeneously in the city of Sao Paulo, to establish the relationship between ZEIS 1 and the units and scales of urban planning and the importance of the Urbanization Plan as an instrument for citizen appropriation. This research will assess the evolution of completed and ongoing proposals for a ZEIS 1 block, defined by ZEIS 1 W101 next to ZEIS 1 S005, S006 and ZEIS 1 S009, amounting to 4,764,279.29km2 in the South Region of Sao Paulo, where stands the Parque Novo Santo Amaro V, made by the architect Hector Vigliecca (2009-2012) and comissioned by the Sao Paulo City Hall, by means of the Alto Tietê Wathershed Environmental Sanitation Program, and also the Urban Intervention Project (PIU) of Jardim Ângela Bus Terminal.

In dieser Arbeit beschreibe ich verschiedene Aspekte der Kompaktifizierung der String Theorie, insbesondere auf nichttrivialen Mannigfaltigkeiten. Im ersten Teil betrachte ich K-Theorie und ihre Anwendung in der Untersuchung von D-Branen. Es handelt sich um eine verallgemeinerte Kohomologietheorie welche die möglichen Ladungen für eine gegebene Raumzeitmannigfaltigkeit klassifiziert. Eine natürliche Fragestellung ist inwiefern sich diese Beschreibung von der üblichen mit (de Rahm) Kohomologie/Homologie unterscheidet. Hierzu gebe ich eine Calabi-Yau Mannigfaltigkeit an die den Unterschied illustriert. Anstatt der Kompaktifizierung auf einer komplizierten glatten Mannigfaltigkeit kann man auch Orbifolds von einfachen Mannigfaltigkeiten studieren um interessante Kompaktifizierungen zu erhalten. Dies wird mit äquivarianter K-Theorie beschrieben. Um dies mit physikalischen vorhersagen zu vergleichen berechne ich alle KO_{Z_2}(R^{p,q}). Darueberhinaus kann man Orientifolds betrachten, diese führen auf die Definition von neuen K-Theorien. Ich beschreibe einfache Eigenschaften dieser Theorien. Im zweiten Teil präsentiere ich Kompaktifizierungen auf G_2 und Spin(7) Mannigfaltigkeiten und ihre Beschreibung als Gepner Modelle. Die SCFT und die geometrische Beschreibung unterscheiden sich, und ich gebe eine Erklärung für dieses Phänomen. / In this thesis I consider various aspects of string theory compactifications, especially for nontrivial internal manifolds. The first part is dedicated to the application of K-theory to the study of D-branes. It is the generalized cohomology theory which classifies the possible charges on a given spacetime. A natural question is whether there is any difference between K-theory and the usual description via (de Rahm) cohomology/homology. For this I present a Calabi-Yau manifold which illustrates this difference. Instead of compactifying on a complicated smooth manifold one can also consider orbifolds of simple manifolds to get interesting compactifications. These are described by equivariant K-theory. To be able to compare this with the physical prediction I calculate all KO_{Z_2}(R^{p,q}). Furthermore one can consider orientifolds, which suggests the definition of new K-theories. I investigate simple properties of these. In the second part I present compactifications on G_2 and Spin(7) manifolds and their description as Gepner models. The SCFT and the geometric description disagree. An explanation for this phenomenon is offered.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joaquim Portes de Cerqueira Cesar.pdf: 693430 bytes, checksum: e1a33fab558a283e8d9bd5e03d87fb57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-19 / The systematization of exceptional appeals in Parental Rights is notably complex, especially after the promulgation of 1988 Federal Constitution that created the appeal denominated special, aiming mainly at keeping the wholeness of the federal right, remaining the constitutional litigation to the extraordinary appeal. The multiple questions that emerge from the exceptional appeals obliges the interpreter to search for references in a context of parameters that are not almost always systematic, where jurisprudential orientation, abridgements and unequal doctrinal positioning proliferate. The present work aims to approach the issues of exceptional appeals regarding to the Special and Extraordinary Appeals, descrying as basic orientating premises the jurisprudential issues condensed in the Stare Decisis, analyzing the casuistic forensics in the area as well. The objective is to dissipate common errors and to create a general overview of solutions that superior courts have been adopting so that a peculiar jurisdictional tutelage inherent to this mode of exceptional appeal becomes feasible / A sistemática dos recursos excepcionais no Direito Pátrio é notavelmente complexa, sobretudo após a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988, que criou o denominado recurso especial, com objetivo precípuo de manter a inteireza do direito federal, remanescendo ao recurso extraordinário o contencioso constitucional. As múltiplas questões que emergem no âmbito dos recursos excepcionais obrigam o intérprete a buscar referências em um contexto de parâmetros quase sempre assistemáticos, em que proliferam orientações jurisprudenciais, Súmulas e posicionamentos doutrinários díspares. O presente trabalho objetiva abordar as questões recursais excepcionais atinentes aos Recursos Especial e Extraordinário, divisando como premissa orientadora básica as questões jurisprudenciais compendiadas no Direito Sumular, com análise também da casuística forense nesse campo. Buscase, assim, dissipar equívocos comuns e construir um panorama geral das soluções que os pretórios superiores vêm adotando para viabilizar a peculiar tutela jurisdicional inerente a essas modalidades de recursos excepcionais

This research study addressed the need for an evaluation of the effectiveness of teacher-written supplemental reading lesson plans for elementary students with significant disabilities. The participating elementary school implemented the supplemental kinesthetic-based reading program in the 2010-2011 school year in order to improve the reading test scores of these disabled students. The theories of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences and Maria Montessori's individualized learning process guided this research. The research question focused on exploring the effectiveness of the lesson plans. Participants included 6 students and their parents, 3 teachers, and 1 principal. Closed- and open-ended survey responses were collected from each participant, and 3 classroom observations were completed. Through descriptive analysis of student assessment scores and closed-ended stakeholder survey questions, and inductive analysis of an open-ended stakeholder questionnaire and classroom observations, these themes emerged: (a) positive effects on lessons, (b) opportunities for refining the collaborative process, and (c) negative effects of collaboration. After further analysis and review of related literature, the program evaluation recommendations of this study included: (a) improving the content of each lesson through the use of lesson study and (b) developing long-term professional development in which teams of teachers collaboratively plan, research, and study their lesson delivery as a way to determine how students learn best. The evaluation and recommendations emerging from this study could lead to positive social change by emphasizing that it is vital for teachers of exceptional students to tailor their instructional delivery strategies to meet the specific reading instructional needs of children with significant disabilities.

The present thesis is dedicated to the study of the behaviour of steel and composite steel-concrete building frames with a particular attention paid to the beam-to-column joint behaviour. Two main topics are investigated herein: the behaviour of sway building frames subjected to conventional loadings and the development of the membrane forces in structural beams further to the loss of a column. Regarding the first topic, the main objective is to propose a simplified analytical method to predict the ultimate load factor of composite sway building frames, a case not yet covered by the actual codes and standards. To achieve this goal, the behaviour of composite joints subjected to bending moments is first studied through experimental and analytical investigations; indeed, the joints are key elements influencing the response of sway frames. Through these investigations, a new collapse mode is identified for single-sided composite joints subjected to hogging moments and an analytical method is proposed and validated to introduce this new collapse mode in the joint design. In addition, an analytical method is also proposed and validated to predict the response of composite joints subjected to sagging moment, a situation which can occur in composite sway frames subjected to horizontal loads but not yet covered by the actual codes. Afterwards, the numerical tool used to predict the response of composite sway frames is validated through a benchmark study and through comparisons with experimental test results coming from two tests performed in European laboratories. With the so-validated software, the behaviour of actual sway building frames (i.e. frames extracted from existing buildings) is investigated, highlighting their particularities. The applicability to composite sway frames of two simplified analytical method initially developed for steel sway frames (an elastic one called the amplified sway moment method and a plastic one called the Merchant-Rankine approach) is then studied. From these investigations, it is demonstrated that the elastic method can be applied with good confidence to composite sway frames while the plastic one illustrates the same problems of accuracy already observed in previous studies on steel sway frames; in particular, the plastic method may prove to be very unsafe if the collapse mode associated to the ultimate limit state is a panel plastic mechanism. Finally, according to these results, a simplified analytical method is developed for the prediction of the ultimate load factor of steel and composite sway frames. The proposed method is founded on the Ayrton-Perry formulation and is validated through comparison to results obtained with full non-linear numerical analyses performed on more than 300 steel and composite frames. The so-validated method is easy to apply and permits to predict with a very good accuracy the ultimate load factor of a sway frame and the collapse mode appearing at the ultimate limit state. Founded on the knowledge gained from the previous topic on the structural behaviour of steel and composite structures, the behaviour of such structures subjected to an exceptional event is investigated within the second topic. The main objective is to propose a simplified analytical procedure to predict the development of the membrane forces within a structure further to the loss of a column and their effects on the structural response. In a first step, a general procedure allowing the prediction of the response of a structure further to the loss of a column is first defined, with a particular attention paid to the influence of the development of the catenary action on this response. Then, an experimental test performed at Liège University and simulating the loss of a column in a composite frame is described. The objective of this test is to observe the development of the catenary action within the tested structure and its effect on the joint behaviour. The described test constitutes a European first in this domain. Also, as for the previous topic, the behaviour of joints is investigated in details. Here, the particularity is the fact that the joints are subjected to combined bending moments and axial loads when the membrane effects developed in the structure. In a previous PhD thesis presented at Liège University, an analytical procedure founded on the component method was developed to predict the response of steel joints subjected to such loading. Within the present thesis, this method is extended to composite joints and validated through comparisons to experimental tests. Afterwards, the numerical tool used for the numerical investigations is validated through a benchmark study and through comparisons with the results of the experimental test performed at Liège University. In particular, the difficulty of simulating the actual behaviour of beam-to-column joints subjected to combined bending moments and axial loads is illustrated. With the so-validated software, a simplified substructure modelling, on which the developed analytical method is founded, is then validated. In addition, parametric numerical studies are performed on the substructure modelling in order to identify the parameters to be considered within the developed method. Finally, the developed simplified analytical method is described and validated through comparisons between the experimental results and the analytical prediction. With this easy-to-apply method, a very good accuracy is achieved; in particular, it is possible to predict the requested deformation capacity in the structural elements where plastic hinges are developed and the membrane forces which have to be supported by the structure./ La présente thèse est dédiée à létude du comportement des portiques de bâtiments en acier et mixte acier-béton avec une attention particulière portée sur le comportement des assemblages poutre-colonne. Deux sujets principaux sont abordés : létude du comportement des portiques à nuds transversalement déplaçables soumis à un chargement classique et létude du développement des efforts membranaires dans les poutres dun portique suite à la perte dune colonne. Concernant le premier sujet, lobjectif principal est de proposer une méthode analytique simplifiée permettant de prédire le multiplicateur de charge ultime de portiques mixtes à nuds transversalement déplaçables, cas non encore couvert par les codes actuels. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le comportement des assemblages mixtes soumis à des moments de flexion est étudié dans un premier temps aux travers détudes expérimentales et analytiques, les assemblages étant des éléments clés dans létude du comportement des portiques à nuds transversalement déplaçables. Via ces études, un nouveau mode de ruine est mis en évidence pour les assemblages mixtes externes et une méthode analytique est proposée et validée pour la prise en compte de ce nouveau mode de ruine dans le dimensionnement de ces assemblages. De plus, une méthode analytique est également proposée et validée pour prédire la réponse des assemblages mixtes soumis à moment positif, situation pouvant apparaître dans les portiques mixtes à nuds transversalement déplaçables soumis à un chargement horizontal mais non encore couverte par les codes actuels. Ensuite, loutil numérique utilisé pour prédire la réponse des portiques est validé par une étude comparative réalisée avec différents logiciels et par une comparaison à des résultats expérimentaux provenant de deux essais réalisés dans des laboratoires européens. Avec cet outil ainsi validé, le comportement de portiques mixtes réels (cest-à-dire extraits de bâtiments existants) est étudié en mettant en évidence leurs particularités. Lapplicabilité à des structures mixtes de deux méthodes simplifiées initialement développées pour des portiques en acier à nuds transversalement déplaçables (une élastique intitulée amplified sway moment method et une plastique intitulée approche de Merchant-Rankine) est alors étudiée. Suite à cette étude, il est démontré que la méthode élastique peut être assurément appliquée aux portiques mixtes tandis que la méthode plastique démontre les mêmes problèmes de précision que ceux déjà observés dans des études précédentes réalisées sur des portiques en acier ; en particulier, la méthode peut se révéler être très insécuritaire si le mécanisme de ruine associé à létat limite ultime est un mécanisme plastique de panneau. Finalement, suite à cette dernière observation, une méthode analytique simplifiée est développée pour la prédiction du multiplicateur de charge ultime de portiques mixtes et en acier à nuds transversalement déplaçables. La méthode proposée est fondée sur la formulation dAyrton-Perry et est validée par des comparaisons à des résultats obtenus via des analyses non-linéaires réalisées sur plus de 300 portiques en acier et mixtes. La méthode ainsi validée est facile à utiliser et permet dobtenir le multiplicateur de ruine dun portique avec une très bonne précision ainsi que le mode de ruine apparaissant à létat limite ultime. Suite à lexpérience acquise sur le comportement des structures en acier et mixtes soumises à un chargement « classique », le comportement de celles-ci soumises à une action exceptionnelle a alors été étudié. Lobjectif principal est la proposition dune méthode analytique simplifiée permettant de prédire le développement des forces membranaires dans une structure suite à la perte dune colonne et leurs effets sur la réponse structurale. Dans un premier temps, une procédure générale permettant de prédire la réponse dune structure lors de la perte dune colonne est définie, mettant en évidence linfluence du développement des efforts membranaire sur cette réponse. Un essai expérimental réalisé à lUniversité de Liège et simulant la perte dune colonne dans un portique mixte est ensuite présenté. Lobjectif de cet essai est dobserver le développement des efforts membranaires dans la structure testée et leurs effets sur le comportement des assemblages. Lessai présenté constitue une première européenne dans ce domaine. Comme pour le sujet précédent, le comportement des assemblages est aussi étudié en détail. Ici, la particularité est le fait que les assemblages sont soumis à la fois à des moments de flexion et à des efforts axiaux lorsque les effets membranaires se développent dans la structure. Dans une thèse de doctorat précédente présentée à lUniversité de Liège, une procédure analytique fondée sur la méthode des composantes a été développée pour prédire la réponse dassemblages en acier soumis à un tel chargement. Dans la présente thèse, cette méthode est étendue au cas des assemblages mixtes et validées via des comparaisons à des résultats expérimentaux. Ensuite, loutil numérique utilisé est validé par une étude comparative réalisée avec différents logiciels et par des comparaisons aux résultats de lessai réalisé à lUniversité de Liège. En particulier, la difficulté de simuler le comportement réel dassemblages soumis à une action combinée defforts de flexion et defforts axiaux est illustrée. Avec le logiciel ainsi validé, un modèle simplifié de sous-structure permettant de développer la méthode analytique simplifiée est défini et validé via des études numériques. De plus, des études paramétriques sont réalisées sur ce modèle afin didentifier les paramètres à prendre en compte dans la méthode développée. Finalement, la méthode simplifiée développée est décrite et validée via des comparaisons entre les résultats expérimentaux et les prédictions analytiques. Avec cette méthode facile à utiliser, une très bonne précision est obtenue ; en particulier, il est possible de prédire la demande en terme de capacité de déformation au niveau des éléments structuraux où se forment des rotules plastiques et de déterminer les efforts membranaires devant être supportés par la structure.