Denna uppsats utgår från målningen Vir Heroicus Sublimis från 1950 av den abstrakta expressionisten Barnett Newman och installationen One and Three Chairs från 1965 av konceptkonstnären Joseph Kousuth som en undersökande metod för att förstå intentionen med mitt eget verk Sitta från kandidatutställningen Lampa, Blomma på Konstfack hösten 2020. Arbetet med uppsatsen har haft en undersökande form från början till slut utifrån fria associationer mellan Sitta och de konsthistoriska verken som ingång.

in English This work focuses on the Czech afterwar avant-garde and its fiction in the wider European context. The main goal of our writing was diversifying literary historical field by integrating genre of short story and its authors into the interpretive frame of the prepoetistic avant-garde. We could intrude a canonic picture of the Czech avant-garde by enriching the interpretive frame of the new genre (short story) and new, often hardly known or forgotten, writers. Last but not least by doing so we were able to questioned and problematized basic oppositions such as expressionism × avant-garde, and mainly individualism × collectivism. We introduce the principal opposition individualism × collectivism, which in our opinion, organizes afterwar literary discourse, as a main connecting line between Czech avant-garde art and European art (collective and one of its manifestation - crowd, as one of the main themes of modernism and avant-garde). We interpretate beyond this scope the fictions of French unanimism as the main inspiration of the Czech afterwar avan-garde and its (collective) fiction as well.

[pt] Pollock e o Jazz, artes de ação sob uma ótica fenomenológica propõe um diálogo entre pintura e música, mais especificamente entre a action painting de Jackson Pollock e o jazz, nesta pesquisa percebido como action music. A dissertação apresenta a possibilidade de pensar o jazz dessa maneira e compreendêlo como parte da expressão cunhada por Harold Rosenberg, ao identificar na produção do Expressionismo Abstrato uma nova forma de pintar resumida no próprio ato. A obra de Jackson Pollock é contextualizada historicamente no pósguerra, que trouxe à modernidade uma dúvida quanto à ideia de progresso linear candente, em relação às questões existenciais disseminadas pelos artistas da primeira geração dessa nova pintura norte-americana. Paralelamente, reflete a questão no jazz, única expressão musical efetivamente norte-americana. Ambas as expressões artísticas são responsáveis por posicionar os EUA, até então um país sem tradição cultural, mas que se tornou uma grande potência econômica, no mapa cultural mundial. Utilizando uma leitura fenomenológica realizada a partir das investigações de Edmund Husserl e Maurice Merleau-Ponty, a dissertação reflete como a obra de Pollock – a partir da utilização das técnicas do dripping e do all over, que se tornariam sua marca registrada – e o jazz – a partir do improviso contido na estrutura musical – podem ser considerados artes de ação, produzidas no caminho do ato de percepção para o ato de expressão; e questiona o quanto englobam intencionalidade e contingência em sua criação. Fontes de espontaneidade e originalidade, ambas as artes proporcionam um novo enfrentamento da obra pelo espectador, em que se torna relevante a própria experiência gerada pelo ato de expressão. A obra se torna a experiência, a experiência, a obra. / [en] Pollock and Jazz, action arts from a phenomenological perspective proposes a dialogue between painting and music, more specifically between Jackson Pollock s action painting and jazz, in this research perceived as action music. This dissertation presents the possibility of thinking jazz in such way understanding it as part of the expression created by Harold Rosenberg when identifying in the artworks of Abstract Expressionism a new way of painting summarized in the act itself. Jackson Pollock s work is historically contextualized in the post-war period, which brought to modernity a doubt about the idea of progress, in relation to the existential questions disseminated by the artists of the first generation of this new North American painting. At the same time, it reflects the issue in jazz, the only musical expression that is actually North American. Both artistic expressions are responsible for placing the USA, until then a country without any cultural tradition, but that has become a great economic power, on the international cultural map. Using a phenomenological perspective from the investigations of Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, the dissertation reflects how Pollock s work - from the use of dripping and all over, which would become his trademark - and jazz - from the improvisation contained in the musical structure - can be considered action arts, produced in the path from the act of perception to the act of expression, an how much they are intentional arts and what they have of contingency. Sources of spontaneity and originality, both arts provide a new confrontation of the spectator to the work, in which what remains is the very experience generated by the act of expression. The work becomes the experience, the experience, the work.

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1 Abstract A monograph on Jan Kotík (1916-2002) introduces both his art and theoretical work, it deals with a historical and cultural context of the now-defunct Czechoslovakia. Kotík's - an artist's, theoretician's, published author's, educator's - artwork enjoys a prominent position in the context of Czech art of the second half of 20th century. An art-historical assessment of artwork was based on Kotik's artwork inventory and on all the documentation on Kotik's life and art work archived in the Documentation Department of the Institute of Art History of the Academy of Sciences of the CR and in private archives in the CR and Berlin. The study is based on a method of organic combination of biographical data and art-historical data with quotation of Kotik's theoretical texts. An evolution of artist's work is demonstrated chronologically with the context to Czech and world art. The monograph includes chapters: "Father Pravoslav's Art Studio and Study Years", "Art Group 42", "Possibilities of Applied Art", "Painting-Object", "Stay in Berlin", "Returns".

Does God exist? Can we know for sure? What might it mean to know this? Furthermore what might it look like to make works of art while also seeking to find answers to these questions? This thesis details my personal experiences growing up in a world steeped in postmodernism and my move to answer such questions while looking to develop a meaningful, clear worldview and body of work. I have turned my focus on specific episodes in my life, which significantly illuminate a progression of thinking and experience. Together these thoughts and experiences have become the impetus for both questions and propositions embedded within the long haul of my work culminating in my thesis exhibition.

Thèse de doctorat effectuée en cotutelle au Département d’histoire de l’art et d’études cinématographiques, Faculté des arts et des sciences, Université de Montréal et à l’Institut de recherche sur le cinéma et l'audiovisuel (IRCAV), Arts et Médias, ED 267, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3 / L’œuvre de William Klein est reconnue pour ses stratégies formelles innovatrices et avant-gardistes qui attireront l'attention des artistes et des professionnels de sa génération, non sans provoquer au passage quelques scandales ni sans subir les contrecoups de la censure. La trentaine de courts, moyens et longs métrages réalisés par Klein, forme un corpus hétérogène qui affiche à première vue des incohérences sociologiques, politiques, économiques et culturelles potentiellement discutables. Dans ces conditions, la position critique de Klein paraît ambiguë, inconséquente voire, contradictoire, parce que les films diffèrent également par leur thème, leur cible, leur mode de production et leur genre. Nous croyons cependant que l’engagement politique de Klein est le fil d'Ariane qui unit son œuvre cinématographique et dissipe toute idée de rupture que ses contemporains pourraient lui reprocher. Au cours de cette période cruciale qui s'étend de 1965 et 1970, alors que le libéralisme en tant qu’idéologie officielle du système capitaliste cherche à vaincre le communisme pour s'imposer à l'échelle mondiale, Klein pose son regard sur les célébrités en tant que figures médiatiques et identitaires comme autant de moyens des pouvoirs politiques, économiques et religieux. À l'ère de la guerre froide, de la guerre du Vietnam et des combats pour la décolonisation, il prend le parti des mouvements de droits civils et de libération et se range du côté des révolutionnaires qui les défendent. Il brosse notamment le portrait de personnalités associées à la contre-culture américaine; il remet en question les modèles qui s'étaient jusque-là imposés dans la culture de masse et les idéologies dont ils étaient investis et va jusqu'à critiquer le concept même de célébrité. En procédant notamment à une démystification des moyens de la représentation de l'American Dream et de l’American way of life, William Klein s'en prend aux faux-semblants issus de ces industries (du divertissement) et de ce champ (politique) qui mettent en place des systèmes de production et d’exploitation de la célébrité en tant que symbole, destiné à orienter les goûts esthétiques, les comportements commerciaux et/ou les opinions politiques des individus. Il dénonce ainsi les injustices raciales, les inégalités sociales, les abus de pouvoir et les débordements des gouvernements attribuables à l’impérialisme occidental qui est à l'époque sous l'influence des États-Unis. Le corpus qui nous permettra de développer notre argumentation comprend quatre films, soit deux films de fiction et deux films documentaires. Qui êtes-vous, Polly Maggoo? (1966) et Mister Freedom (1968) sont les deux films de fiction que nous avons qualifiés de « parodies satiriques ». En ces termes, le film Polly Maggoo parodie les contes de fées pour faire la satire de l’industrie de la mode, tandis que le film Mister Freedom parodie les super-héros de bande dessinée et autres justiciers des films hollywoodiens, pour faire la satire de la politique étrangère américaine. Les documentaires politiquement engagés sont à notre avis expressionnistes, comme le propose le critique américain Jonathan Rosenbaum. Muhammad Ali, The Greatest (1964-1974) ; Eldridge Cleaver Black Panther (1970) mettent en scène ceux que William Klein appelle les « Super Noirs américains » et par des moyens réflexifs, ils démontrent de l’inter-subjectivité entre le cinéaste et ses sujets. / Satirical parodies and expressionist documentaries: The Critical Representation of the Celebrity in the Films of William Klein. The films of William Klein are still little known. His filmography includes thirty titles which appear at first sight heterogeneous, while their sociological, political, economic, and cultural inconsistencies seem questionable. As such, and because the themes of his films, their targets, their production modes and their genres are constantly moving, Klein’s critical position seem ambiguous, inconsistent if not contradictory. Yet, we believe that the political commitment of William Klein is at the core of all of his films and dissipates all discrepancies. Between 1965 and 1970, while liberalism as the official ideology of the capitalist system is fighting against communism to expand its power around the world, Klein is looking at celebrities as vectors of the political, the economical and the religious powers. While the Cold War, the Vietnam War and the anti-colonial armed struggles are shaking the world, he associates with the counter-culture and youth culture movements and questions the role models advertised in the mass media, and the ideologies they represent. Portraying the modes of representation that shapes the American Dream and the American Way of Life, William Klein criticises the makes-believes found in the entertainment industry and the political field that aim at shaping our identities, our commercial behaviours and our political opinions. We propose to analyse two fiction films and two documentaries in the course of our argumentation in order to demonstrate how he condemns racism, social inequalities and abuses of power associated with Western imperialism. Qui êtes-vous, Polly Maggoo? (1966) and Mister Freedom (1968) are what we have called after Daniel Sangsue, satirical parodies. Accordingly, Polly Maggoo parodies fairy tales to satirize the fashion industry, while Mister Freedom parodies the superheroes of the comic books to satirize American foreign policies. Based on Jonathan Rosenbaum thesis, we consider Muhammad Ali, The Greatest (1964-1974) and Eldridge Cleaver Black Panther (1970) as expressionist documentaries. The reflexive strategies found in these films are symptomatic of an inter-subjectivity between the filmmaker and his subjects.

Wassily Kandinsky wrote Über das Geistige in der Kunst, in 1912, and was translated from German into English by Michael Sadler. Naming it at first, “The Art of Spiritual Harmony” in 1914 it is known as, Concerning the Spiritual in Art. He wrote color and music theories based on angles, synesthetic experiences, subjective instincts, chromotherapy, and shapes. Kandinsky’s theories are worth continuing to research and bring forth into the new generation of technology where we can see music as numerical expressions. The goal of this iPhone Application is to teach users the relationship between color and music based on Kandinsky’s theories. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.F.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Las relaciones existentes entre el cinematógrafo y las artes plásticas durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX son una de las señas de identidad de un período artístico protagonizado por los movimientos vanguardistas. En efecto, fotografía y cine se unen a pintura y escultura en el maremagno de creatividad y experimentación que vivió el arte al calor de las vanguardias históricas. Pese a ser numerosas y evidentes las influencias que el cine recibió de las artes plásticas en esas primeras décadas del siglo, lo que se quiere abordar en esta investigación no es esta vinculación sino, precisamente, su inversa. De lo que se trata, pues, es de investigar, evidenciar y explicar las influencias del medio cinematográfico en las artes plásticas, a nivel formal, expresivo o iconográfico, influencias que, como es lógico, resultan especialmente significativas en la pintura. / The existing relations between the cinematograph and the plastic arts during the first decades of the 20th century are one of the identity signs of an artistic period led by the avant-garde movements. In fact, photography and cinema join painting and sculpture in the maremagnum of creativity and experimentation that art lived with the historical avant-garde. In spite of the fact that the influences that cinema received from plastic arts in these first decades of the century are numerous and evident, what must be faced in this investigation is not this link but, precisely, his opposite. What we are dealing with, thus, is investigating, demonstrating and explaining the influences of the cinematographic means in the plastic arts, at a formal, expressive or iconographic level, influences that, naturally, turn out to be specially significant on painting.

O presente trabalho de doutoramento em Literatura Brasileira, intitulado Graciliano Ramos: a dor e a náusea, consiste na análise dos quatro romances de Graciliano Ramos - Caetés (1933), São Bernardo (1934), Angústia (1936) e Vidas Secas (1938) - à luz de alguns preceitos básicos do expressionismo alemão, com o objetivo de propor um deslocamento de perspectiva em relação ao discurso hegemônico da historiografia e da crítica literária tradicional, que vêem essas obras como a expressão máxima de uma determinada região, em uma determinada época, limitando-as, portanto, a um contexto sócio-histórico e cultural bem definido. Para a leitura que aqui se propõe, no entanto, esses romances iluminam, numa linguagem enxuta e prenhe de significados intemporais, a força de convicção moral desse escritor que ostenta, através da deformação da realidade, uma emoção intensa, com toda uma carga de prospecção da dor humana. / The present doctorate work on Brazilian Literature, entitled Graciliano Ramos: the pain and the nausea, consists on the analysis of four novels by Graciliano Ramos - Caetés (1933), São Bernardo (1934), Angústia (1936) and Vidas Secas (1938) - at the light of some basic precepts of the German Expressionism, with the aim of purposing a perspective's displacement with regard to the hegemonic speech from the historiography and the traditional literary criticism which see these works as the maximum expression from a certain region on a certain period, restraining them, therefore, to a sharp-cut cultural and socio-historical context. To the reading purposed here, however, these novels enlighten, on a concise language full of timeless meanings, the force of moral conviction of this writer who exhibits, through reality's deformation, an intense emotion with a whole burden of human pain prospection. / El presente trabajo de doctorado en Literatura Brasilera, intitulado Graciliano Ramos: a dor e a náusea, consiste en el análisis de las cuatro novelas de Graciliano Ramos - Caetés (1933), São Bernardo (1934), Angústia (1936) y Vidas Secas (1938) - a la luz de algunos preceptos básicos del expresionismo alemán, con el objetivo de proponer un desplazamiento de perspectiva en relación al discurso hegemónico de la historiografía y de la crítica literaria tradicional, que ven esas obras como la expresión máxima de una determinada región, en una determinada época, limitándolas, por lo tanto, a un contexto socio-histórico y cultural bien definido. Para la lectura que aquí se propone, esas novelas alumbran, en un lenguaje enjuto y lleno de significados intemporales, la fuerza de convicción moral de ese escritor que ostenta, a través de la deformación de la realidad, una emoción intensa, con toda una carga de prospección del dolor humano.