O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar ex vivo a extrusão bacteriana apical após instrumentação com um sistema de instrumento único reciprocante e verificar a influência de diferentes limites e diâmetros apicais nesta. Sessenta e quatro raízes de pré-molares foram utilizadas. Os dentes foram acessados e seus canais radiculares foram contaminados com uma suspensão de Enterococcus faecalis e incubados por 30 dias possibilitando crescimento bacteriano em biofilme. Os dentes contaminados foram divididos em quatro grupos com 15 espécimes cada. O calibre dos instrumentos utilizados e comprimento de trabalho de cada grupo foram respectivamente R25 à 0mm do forame, R25 aquém 1mm, R40 a 0mm e R40 aquém 1mm. Foram feitos grupos controle de crescimento bacteriano positivo e negativo. As bactérias extruídas apicalmente durante a instrumentação foram coletadas em frascos de vidro contendo 0,9% de NaCl. As amostras microbiológicas foram retiradas destes frascos e incubadas em meio BHI ágar, durante 24 horas. O crescimento bacteriano foi contado e os resultados foram expressos em unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC). Os dados foram analisados pelo teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante no número de UFC entre os quatro grupos (p>0,05). A partir da análise dos resultados e dentro das limitações deste estudo foi possível concluir que independente do comprimento de trabalho e da ampliação foraminal haverá similar quantidade de extrusão bacteriana. / The aim of this work was to evaluate ex vivo the apical bacterial extrusion after instrumentation with a single instrument reciprocating system and the influence of differents working lengths and apical diameters on it. Sixty-four premolar roots were used. Endodontic access cavities were prepared and root canals were contaminated with an Enterococcus faecalis suspension and incubated for thirty days to promote bacterial biofilm growth. The contaminated teeth were divided into four groups with 15 specimens each. The files used and lengths from each group were respectively R25 at 0mm from foramen, R25 1mm shorter, R40 at 0mm from foramen and R40 1mm shorter. Positive and negative bacterial growth control groups were done. Bacterial extruded from the apical foramen during instrumentation were collected into vials containing 0.9% NaCl. The microbiological samples were taken from the vials and incubated in BHI agar medium during 24h. Bacterial growth was counted and the results were given by colony-forming units (CFU). These data were analyzed by KruskalWallis H-test. After data analysis, no significant difference was found in the number of CFU among the four groups (p > 0.05). Based on the results evaluation and within the limitation of this study, it was possible to conclude that regardless of the working length and foraminal enlargement will be similar amount of bacterial extrusion.

Les centres d’appels connaissent un grand succès depuis leur introduction dans les entreprises de service. Ils sont le principal point de contact avec les clients, et une composante essentielle de la majorité des entreprises. L’émergence des centres d’appels à grande échelle a suscité de nombreuses problématiques de management. Dans cette thèse, nous considérons des problématiques de management orientées sur les centres multi‐canaux et multi‐compétences. L’objectif de notre travail est de trouver des résultats qualitatifs et quantitatifs utiles pour le management. Dans la première partie, nous considérons les architectures de centres multi‐compétences à flexibilité limitée. Le contexte est celui de centres d’appels avec des paramètres asymétriques : charge de travail non équilibrée, différents temps de services, prédominance d’une catégorie de clients, taux d’abandons variables et couts élevés de la multi‐compétence. Les architectures les plus connues avec flexibilité limitée comme chaining ne résistent pas à de telles asymétries. Nous proposons une nouvelle architecture, appelée Single Pooling avec seulement deux compétences par agent et nous démontrons son efficience dans diverses situations d’asymétrie. Dans la seconde partie, nous nous intéressons aux problèmes de routage dans les centres d’appels multi‐canaux. Dans le premier projet, nous considérons un centre avec des appels arrivant au fil du temps et des emails présents en nombre illimité. Le service des appels se fait en trois étapes dont la seconde est une pause pour l’agent. Nous cherchons à optimiser le routage des emails. L’objectif est de maximiser le débit d’emails traités sous contrainte de temps d’attente pour les appels. De nombreuses recommandations sont proposées au manager. En particulier, nous démontrons que pour obtenir un routage optimal il est nécessaire de fixer à une valeur extrême au moins l’un des deux paramètres définissant le routage des emails. Dans le second projet, nous étudions une politique de seuil de réservation d’agents pour les appels en réception. Nous considérons un cas général de modèle non stationnaire ou le processus d’arrivée des appels est Poisson non homogène. Le problème d’optimisation est la maximisation du débit de taches en émission sous contrainte de qualité de service sur les appels en réception. Nous proposons une méthode efficiente et facile à implémenter de changement adaptatif de seuil. Cette politique est évaluée en comparaison avec les performances optimales trouvées dans le cas particulier de taux d’arrivée constant, et en comparaison avec d’autres méthodes intuitives de changement adaptatif de seuil dans le cas général non stationnaire. Dans le troisième projet, nous considérons un modèle de centre avec option de rappels. Cette option permet de transformer un appel en réception en un appel en attente d’émission. Le problème d’optimisation est la minimisation du temps d’attente des appels en émission sous contrainte de qualité de service pour les appels en réception. Nous proposons une politique de routage à deux seuils, un sur la réservation d’agents pour les appels en réception et un sur le nombre d’appels en attente d’émission. Nous déterminons une courbe optimale entre ces deux seuils / Call centers have been introduced with great success by many service‐oriented companies. They become the main point of contact with the customer, and an integral part of the majority of corporations. The large‐scale emergence of call centers has created a fertile source of management issues. In this PhD thesis, we focus on various operations management issues of multi‐skill and multichannel call centers. The objective of our work is to derive, both qualitative and quantitative, results for practical management. In the first part, we focus on architectures with limited flexibility for multi‐skill call centers. The context is that of call centers with asymmetric parameters: unbalanced workload, different service requirements, a predominant customer type, unbalanced abandonments and high costs of crosstraining. The most knowing architectures with limited flexibility such as chaining fail against such asymmetry. We propose a new architecture referred to as single pooling with only two skills per agent and we demonstrate its efficiency under various situations of asymmetry. In the second part, we focus on routing problems in multi‐channel call centers. In the first study, we consider a blended call center with calls arriving over time and an infinitely backlogged queue of emails. The call service is characterized by three successive stages where the second one is a break. We focus on the optimization of the email routing to agents. The objective is to maximize the throughput of emails subject to a constraint on the call waiting time. Various guidelines to call center managers are provided. In particular, we prove for the optimal routing that all the time at least one of the two email routing parameters has an extreme value. In the second study, we examine a threshold policy on the reservation of agents for the inbound calls. We study a general non‐stationary model where the call arrival follows a non‐homogeneous Poisson process. The optimization problem consists on maximizing the throughput of outbound tasks under a constraint on the waiting time of inbound calls. We propose an efficient adaptive threshold policy easy to implement. This scheduling policy is evaluated through a comparison with the optimal performance measures found in the case of a constant stationary arrival rate, and also a comparison with other intuitive adaptive threshold policies in the general non‐stationary case. In the third study, we consider a call center model with a call back option, which allows to transform an inbound call into an outbound one. The optimization problem consists on minimizing the expected waiting time of the outbound calls while respecting a service level constraint on the inbound ones. We propose a routing policy with two thresholds, one on the reservation of the agents for inbound calls, and another on the number of waiting outbound calls. A curve relating the two thresholds is determined.

The Company Siemens Industrial Turbo Machinery AB manufactures and launches in operation among other things gas turbines, steam turbines, compressors, turn-key power plants and carries out service for components for heat and power production. Siemens also performs research and development, marketing, sales and installations of turbines and completes power plants, service and refurbish. Our thesis for the engineering degree is to develop an automatic status log which will be used as a tool to control how the status of the machine is before and after technical service at gas turbines. Operational disturbances will be registered in a structured way in order to get a good possibility to follow up the reliability of the application. An automatic log function has been developed and will be activated at start, stop and shutdown of the turbine system. Log files are created automatically and get a name with the event type, the date and the time. The files contain data as timestamp, name, measured values and units of the signals which are going to be analyzed by the support engineers. They can evaluate the cause of the problem using the log files.

O desenvolvimento de instrumentos endodônticos em ligas de níquel-titânio (Ni-Ti) derivou maior rapidez na modelagem do canal radicular o que nos leva a questionar se realmente estariam as substâncias químicas auxiliares tendo oportunidade de agir convenientemente, considerando que o tempo de atuação das mesmas foi significantemente encurtado. Tendo em vista esse aspecto foi objeto deste trabalho avaliar, com auxílio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e leituras computadorizadas, a limpeza da superfície dentinária radicular, terços cervical, médio e apical, em canais radiculares de incisivos inferiores humanos, preparados pelo sistema rotatório K3?ENDO diante do uso de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5%, (pH 11,0), do creme de Endo PTC reagindo com hipoclorito de sódio a 0,5%, (pH 11,0), empregando-se essa substância em duas diferentes consistências; sua consistência normal (Endo PTC-N) e uma outra de menor densidade (Endo-PTC-L); e, de um gel de clorexidina (Endogel®) com dois tipos de irrigação final. Concluída a fase de preparo todos os grupos receberam irrigação-aspiração final com soluções de hipoclorito de sódio a 0,5%, (pH 11,0) e de EDTA-T a 17%, exceção feita ao grupo em que se empregou o Endogel®, para o qual seguiu-se dois regimes de irrigação, em um grupo, irrigação-aspiração final com 20 mL de soro fisiológico, conforme recomendações do fabricante e em outro grupo empregou-se irrigação com EDTA-T. As amostras foram então preparadas para MEV e suas imagens analisadas pelo programa Scion Image. Os resultados revelaram haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, sendo que o grupo do Endo-PTC-L se mostrou superior aos demais grupos testados no terço médio e apical já o grupo do Endogel seguido da irrigação final com EDTA-T apenas no terço médio, não havendo diferença estatística entre eles. / The development of nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments results in more quickness during the root canal shaping phase that induce us to discuss if really would be the chemical substances are having opportunities to act properly, considering that the time of action of the same was significantly reduced. The object of this research was evaluate, using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and computerized analysis, the cleaning on root canal walls in coronal, middle and apical thirds in mandibular human incisives prepared with K3 NiTi rotary instruments and different chemical substances: 2,5% sodium hypochlorite (pH 11,0), Endo PTC cream at normal consistency (Endo PTC-N) neutralized by 0,5% sodium hypochlorite (pH 11,0), Endo PTC cream with lower density (Endo PTC-L) neutralized by 0,5% sodium hypochlorite (pH 11,0) and chlorhexidine gel (Endogel). Concluded the cleaning and shaping phase, all the groups received a final irrigation with of 0,5% sodium hypochlorite solution (pH 11,0) followed by 17% EDTA-T solution, except the Endogel group that received two different regimens of final irrigation, one group with 20 ml of physiological serum and another with the 17% EDTA-T solution. The samples were prepared for the SEM analysis and the images obtained were analyzed using the Scion Image program. The results showed a significant difference between the groups tested seeing that the Endo PTC-L group, in middle and apical thirds and Endogel followed by the final irrigation with EDTA-T group, in middle third were superiors in comparation with the other groups.

Orientadores: Claudia Valladão de Mattos, Luise Weiss / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T01:22:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Faria_PatriciaSanches_M.pdf: 12364116 bytes, checksum: 54db56d49db46f3e8fa878c26455ae8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Quando arquivamos o nosso passado, catalogamos cada momento da nossa experiência e gravamos nossas lembranças, estamos abrindo um processo de resgate das nossas tradições, assim como o colecionador que recolhe e conserva uma série de objetos. A procura de estratégias para preservar a memória por meio de coleções sempre interessou à humanidade. Na nossa tradição ocidental ela remonta aos tempos do studiolo medieval italiano. É esta busca por estratégias de preservação da memória que norteia a coleção ¿Mnemoteca ¿ Uma Biblioteca de Testemunhos¿ que compõe a obra ¿Herbário Mnemosine¿. Ela desenvolve plasticamente aspectos dos conceitos de arquivo e de coleção botânica e, utilizando técnicas de arquivamento botânico, pretende funcionar como um arquivo que documentará e preservará a memória afetiva de amigos e parentes, vinculadas a algum tipo de planta (árvore, flor, vegetação, etc.). Esse processo desenvolve-se por meio de ¿Exsicatas Mnemônicas¿, isto é, pranchas de parafina com impressões elaboradas com o exemplar botânico da planta indicada e o texto das lembranças afetivas entregues pelas pessoas envolvidas no trabalho. Como os espécimes botânicos, essas pranchas serão classificadas em unidades taxonômicas próprias, de acordo com as afinidades dos participantes. As pranchas foram executadas por meio de uma técnica que venho desenvolvendo e pesquisando há algum tempo, a qual denominei ¿Gravura de Vestígios¿: impressões de materiais diversos em matrizes de argila que são gravados em placas de parafina, fazendo uma referência à concepção de memória como escritura / Abstract: Whenever we file our past, sort each moment within our experience and record our memories, we initiate a process of recovering our traditions, just as a collector who harvests and keeps a series of objects. The search for memory preservation strategies through collections was always of interest for mankind. Our western tradition goes back to the times of the Italian medieval studiolo. It is this search that guides the collection ¿Mnemotheca ¿ A testimony library¿ that composes the work ¿Mnemosine Herbarium¿. This collection visually develops aspects of the archive and botanical collection concepts and, making use of botanical filing techniques, intends to function as a file that will document and maintain the affective memory of friends and relatives, linked to any kind of plant (tree, flower, vegetation, etc.). This process unfolds through ¿Exsicatas Mnemônicas¿, that is, paraffin boards with imprints elaborated with the botanical sample of the indicated plant and the text related to the affective memories delivered by the people involved in the work. Just as botanical specimens, these boards will be organized in their own taxonomic groups, according to the participants affinity. The boards were made through a technique I have been developing and researching for some time, which I have named ¿Vestige Imprinting¿, different material prints in clay matrices imprinted in paraffin boards, referring to the notion of memory as writing / Mestrado / Mestre em Artes

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-11-13T17:59:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Euller Gontijo de Oliveira - 2013.pdf: 2887534 bytes, checksum: a34a4f1f6f9733d814828e0550312088 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-11-13T17:59:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Euller Gontijo de Oliveira - 2013.pdf: 2887534 bytes, checksum: a34a4f1f6f9733d814828e0550312088 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-13T17:59:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Euller Gontijo de Oliveira - 2013.pdf: 2887534 bytes, checksum: a34a4f1f6f9733d814828e0550312088 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-06 / This work aims to study the role of the cinema thinking in the reconfiguration of memory and in the constitution of identities, through two films directed by relatives of missing the last Argentine military regime. We found the films an excellent source of study to think building these memories in film. In this sense, the main axis of reflection is how these relatives, today filmmakers, come thinking your memories and their identities from their audiovisual production? What place the images in this building? And to what extent the images contribute to the remodeling of the memory and, therefore, identities, since we assume that memory and identity do not dissociate. From this perspective presented by Joël Candau (2011) analyze the two documentaries, starting from the design of the memory can both consolidate as weakening the sense of identity. In this sense, a focus of this work is to think like documentaries Argentine military dictatorship come after linking and updating the past in a struggle against forgetting. / Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo pensar o papel do cinema na reconfiguração da memória e na constituição das identidades, por meio de dois filmes dirigidos por familiares de desaparecidos no último regime militar argentino. Encontramos nos filmes uma excelente fonte de estudo para pensarmos a construção dessas memórias no cinema. Nesse sentido, o eixo principal de reflexão é como esses familiares, hoje cineastas, vêm pensando suas memórias e suas identidades a partir da sua produção audiovisual? Que lugar ocupa as imagens nessa construção? E em que medida as imagens contribuem na remodelação da memória e, por conseguinte, das identidades, uma vez que partimos da premissa de que memória e identidade não se dissociam. Sob essa perspectiva apresentada por Joël Candau (2011) analisaremos os dois documentários, partindo da concepção de que a memória pode tanto consolidar quanto debilitar o sentimento identitário. Nesse sentido, o foco norteador deste trabalho é pensar como os documentários argentinos pós-ditadura militar vêm articulando e atualizando o passado numa luta contra o esquecimento.

Android is an open source mobile operating system contributed by Google. In general, Google Play is the most secure place to download the mobile applications for Android system. [1] Products from this website are surely safe promised by Google Company. But there are many other third-party app stores around the world offering similar software. One incentive for them is that the security policy on different platforms varies a lot, and Android developers are free to distribute apps in any intended ways, which leads to a certain risk in the assorted stores such as malware. Therefore, it is crucial to know which application store can be trusted from the various app stores. [2] To support our research, a tool named APK Safety Test is developed to compare the APK files from different application stores with the version on Google Play. In this study, nine stores around the world are chosen and 20 various applications from them are checked in real-time by using the tool. From this research, people can learn the different risk how can be detected. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the result of risks how to affect the applications. Keywords: Android application, Android Stores, APK files, Risk

This study is concerned with determining how library patrons decide which entries to select from a subject card file which consists of numerous bibliographic records. Patrons are expected to select certain records based on elements that are objective (displayed directly by the record and requiring little or no interpretation) or subjective (recognized because of the user's special knowledge of the field).

Les applications de l'Internet des objets (IdO/IoT) se composent de divers objets en grande partie mobiles et avec des ressources limitées ou riches. Des tels dispositifs exigent des interactions légères et faiblement couplées en termes de temps, d'espace et de synchronisation. Les protocoles au niveau middleware de l'IoT prennent en charge un ou plusieurs types d'interaction assurant la communication entre objets. De plus, ils supportent différents niveaux de Qualité de service (QDS) pour cette communication par rapport aux ressources disponibles sur les dispositifs et les réseaux. Les dispositifs utilisant le même protocole middleware interagissent de manière homogène, car ils exploitent les mêmes caractéristiques fonctionnelles et de QDS. Cependant, la profusion de protocoles middleware pour l'IoT se traduit par des objets très hétérogènes. Cela nécessite des solutions d'interopérabilité avancées intégrées à des techniques de modélisation et d'évaluation de la QDS. La principale contribution de cette thèse est d'introduire une approche et de fournir une plate-forme pour la synthèse automatique des artefacts logiciels permettant l'interopérabilité. De tels artefacts permettent l'interconnexion entre des objets mobiles qui utilisent des protocoles hétérogènes au niveau middleware. Notre plate-forme prend en charge l'évaluation de l'effectivité de l'interconnexion en termes de la QDS de bout en bout. Plus précisément, nous dérivons des conditions formelles pour des interactions réussies, et nous permettons la modélisation et l'analyse des performances ainsi que le réglage du système de bout en bout, tout en considérant plusieurs paramètres système pour l'IoT mobile. / Internet of Things (IoT) applications consist of diverse Things including both resource-constrained/rich devices with a considerable portion being mobile. Such devices demand lightweight, loosely coupled interactions in terms of time, space, and synchronization. IoT middleware protocols support one or more interaction types (e.g., asynchronous messaging, streaming) ensuring Thing communication. Additionally, they introduce different Quality of Service (QoS) features for this communication with respect to available device and network resources. Things employing the same middleware protocol interact homogeneously, since they exploit the same functional and QoS features. However, the profusion of developed IoT middleware protocols introduces technology diversity which results in highly heterogeneous Things. Interconnecting heterogeneous Things requires mapping both their functional and QoS features. This calls for advanced interoperability solutions integrated with QoS modeling and evaluation techniques. The main contribution of this thesis is to introduce an approach and provide a supporting platform for the automated synthesis of interoperability software artifacts. Such artifacts enable the interconnection between mobile Things that employ heterogeneous middleware protocols. Our platform further supports evaluating the effectiveness of the interconnection in terms of end-to-end QoS. More specifically, we derive formal conditions for successful interactions, and we enable performance modeling and analysis as well as end-to-end system tuning, while considering several system parameters related to the mobile IoT.

The creation, storage, manipulation, and transmission of images have become less costly and more efficient. Consequently, the numbers of images and their users are growing rapidly. This poses challenges to those who organize and provide access to them. One of these challenges is similarity matching. Most current content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems which can extract only low-level visual features such as color, shape, and texture, use similarity measures based on geometric models of similarity. However, most human similarity judgment data violate the metric axioms of these models. Tversky's (1977) contrast model, which defines similarity as a feature contrast task and equates the degree of similarity of two stimuli to a linear combination of their common and distinctive features, explains human similarity judgments much better than the geometric models. This study tested the contrast model as a conceptual framework to investigate the nature of the relationships between features and similarity of images as perceived by human judges. Data were collected from 150 participants who performed two tasks: an image description and a similarity judgment task. Qualitative methods (content analysis) and quantitative (correlational) methods were used to seek answers to four research questions related to the relationships between common and distinctive features and similarity judgments of images as well as measures of their common and distinctive features. Structural equation modeling, correlation analysis, and regression analysis confirmed the relationships between perceived features and similarity of objects hypothesized by Tversky (1977). Tversky's (1977) contrast model based upon a combination of two methods for measuring common and distinctive features, and two methods for measuring similarity produced statistically significant structural coefficients between the independent latent variables (common and distinctive features) and the dependent latent variable (similarity). This model fit the data well for a sample of 30 (435 pairs of) images and 150 participants (χ2 =16.97, df=10, p = .07508, RMSEA= .040, SRMR= .0205, GFI= .990, AGFI= .965). The goodness of fit indices showed the model did not significantly deviate from the actual sample data. This study is the first to test the contrast model in the context of information representation and retrieval. Results of the study are hoped to provide the foundations for future research that will attempt to further test the contrast model and assist designers of image organization and retrieval systems by pointing toward alternative document representations and similarity measures that more closely match human similarity judgments.