Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janine Espindola.pdf: 1055500 bytes, checksum: 1fe4b67f86151837d69f443b625d079d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the coordination tasks oculus manual fine motor of different motor batteries in students with 9 years old of both sexes and make possible associations of the scores of those tasks with school performance. Method: The motor tasks used in the study were: placing pins, passing the cord and track bike (MABC-2), draw a line through the route circle copy, copy overlapping figures, distribution of cards (BOTMP-2) line vertical, horizontal and diagonal (Moska). The TDE was used to evaluate the academic performance of students. Data were tabulated and analyzed in StatisticalPackage for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 for Windows. First we performed the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff test for samples with n> 50 to verify the normality of the data. Then descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, minimum and maximum). The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. In the course held inferential statistics in order to look for associations between tasks and TDE, using Pearson correlation for parametric data and Spearman for nonparametric data. Results: The results regarding the systematic review showed that the most widely used instruments to assess the children motor performance is the MABC, MABC-2 and BOTMP-2. Regarding the results of eye-manual tasks of fine motor skills of motor batteries, only the task of distributing letters obtained a good distribution for both the general and stratified by sex. The evaluation of school performance data showed an incidence of 16.6% indicative of the difficulty of general learning, and reading showed the highest level of difficulty among children (23.2%). There was no difference between male and female in any of the subtests and not the overall performance. Regarding the association of coordination tasks oculus manual fine motor in association with school performance, the task of distributing letters with the strongest correlation with the same, and the children who performed better on the task also obtained a better score in all subtests of TDE. Conclusion: The results of the systematic review showed that the validated and most widely used to assess the children motor performance instruments are: the MABC, MABC-2, BOTMP-2 and VMI-5. Regarding the evaluation results of motor tasks, only the letters distribution task BOTMP-2 had a good spread, discriminating children more skilled. The association of motor tasks with the Academic Performance Test showed that children who had higher scores on motor tasks were those who had better grades in all subtests of TDE. / Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as tarefas de coordenação óculo manuais de motricidade fina de diferentes baterias motoras em escolares com 9 anos de idade de ambos os sexos e realizar possíveis associações dos escores dessas tarefas com o desempenho escolar. Método: As tarefas motoras utilizadas no estudo foram: colocando pinos, passando o cordão e trilha da bicicleta (MABC-2), desenhar uma linha através do percurso, copiar círculo, copiar figuras sobrepostas, distribuição de cartas (BOTMP-2), linha vertical, horizontal e diagonal (MOSKA). O TDE foi utilizado para avaliar o desempenho escolar dos alunos. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados no StatisticalPackage for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 20.0 for Windows. Primeiramente foi realizado o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnoff para amostras com n>50 para verificação da normalidade dos dados. Em seguida, estatística descritiva (média, mediana, desvio-padrão, mínimo e máximo). O nível de significância adotado foi de p≤0,05. No decorrer realizou-se estatística inferencial com objetivo de buscar associações entre as tarefas e o TDE, utilizando correlação de Pearson para dados paramétricos ou Spearman para dados não paramétricos. Resultados: Os resultados em relação a revisão sistemática mostrou que os instrumentos mais utilizados atualmente para se avaliar o desempenho motor de crianças é o MABC, MABC-2 e BOTMP-2. Em relação aos resultados das tarefas óculo-manuais de motricidade fina das baterias motoras, somente a tarefa de distribuir cartas obteve uma boa distribuição, tanto para o geral quanto estratificada pelo sexo. Os dados da avaliação do desempenho escolar mostraram uma incidência de 16,6% de indicativo de dificuldade de aprendizagem geral, sendo que a leitura mostrou o maior índice de dificuldade entre as crianças (23,2%). Não houve diferença entre o sexo masculino e feminino em nenhum dos subtestes e nem no desempenho geral. Em relação a associação das tarefas de coordenação óculo manuais de motricidade fina em associação com o desempenho escolar, a tarefa de distribuir cartas apresentou correlação mais forte com o mesmo, sendo que as crianças que obtiveram melhor desempenho na tarefa também obtiveram uma melhor pontuação em todos os subtestes do TDE. Conclusão: Os resultados da revisão sistemática mostraram que os instrumentos validados e mais utilizados atualmente para se avaliar o desempenho motor de crianças são: o MABC, MABC-2, BOTMP-2 e VMI-5. Em relação aos resultados da avaliação das tarefas motoras, somente a tarefa de distribuição de cartas do BOTMP-2 apresentou uma boa distribuição, discriminando as crianças mais habilidosas. A associação das tarefas motoras com o Teste de Desempenho Escolar apontou que as crianças que obtiveram maior pontuação nas tarefas motoras, foram as que tiveram melhores notas em todos os subtestes do TDE.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VIVIANE PACHECO GONCALVES.pdf: 934534 bytes, checksum: c3a957e44ad26a5b621af01a9e26c3aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study was caracterized as a descriptive research with the objective to validate the learning and motor control software developed by Andrade et al (2003), as an instrument for assessment of fine motor hability from upper limb of hemiparetic subjects. The research was composed by 15 subjects, between 45 and 75 years of age, from both genders, with the diagnose of hemiparesis caused by stroke, that were receiving treatment at the Prevention, Assessment an Physical Rehabilitation Clinic from CEFID/UDESC and at the Catarinense Rehabilitation Center and that fullfiled the criteria of this research. The sample was caracterized by a record of clinical conditions and to assess the other variables from the research it was used the Mini-mental for cognitive status, the numeric pain visual scale (NVS) for pain intensity, state anxiety inventary and the Fugl-Meyer test for hemiparesia severity classification. To assess the motor control the software of learning and motor control was used as test/retest showing information about the time of task and the error related to the covered distance over a pre-stablished line. Data were treated by descriptive (mean, median and standard deviation) and inferencial (Alpha de Chronbach, intraclass correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis test). The confidence interval was rated as 95%. The internal consistency regarding the error of execution of the task was elevated in the 3 subtasks from test with coeficients α=0,854 (subtask 1), α=0,813 (subtask 2) and α=0,940 (subtask 3). At retest it was found α=0,845 (subtask 1), α=0,799 (subtask 2) and α=0,942 (subtask 3). About the time of execution of the task the levels of correlation whore elevated, with α >0,90, such as the major levels whore obtained at subtask 3 with α=0,981, at test, and α=0,986, at retest. The levels of correlation intraclass whore elevated with r>0,90, at time and error at the execution of the motor task. The major correlations whore observed at subtask 2, with r=0,98 surounding error and r=0,99 about time. The high correlation intraclass and of internal consistency show that this software offer consistent and stable mesure, pointing satisfactoring indicator of validity for assessment of hemiparetics motor control. Therefore, this instrument can be considered as valid and trustfull to assess the control of fine discret and closed motor skill, for hemiparetic subjects, once this supplies trustfull parameters to the assess process for this patients. / Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como um estudo de campo de natureza descritiva com o intuito de validar o software de aprendizagem e controle motor desenvolvido por Andrade et al (2003), como instrumento para avaliação de habilidades motoras finas de membros superiores de indivíduos hemiparéticos. A amostra foi composta por 15 indivíduos com idade entre 45 e 75 anos, de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico de hemiparesia decorrente de um acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), que estavam em tratamento na Clínica de Prevenção, Avaliação e Reabilitação Física do CEFID/UDESC e do Centro Catarinense de Reabilitação e que se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão deste estudo. Para caracterização da amostra foi utilizada uma ficha com informações clínicas dos participantes. Além disso, para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados o Mini-mental para avaliação do status cognitivo, a escala visual numérica da dor (EVN) para avaliação e mensuração da intensidade da dor, o inventário de ansiedade estado, o Teste de Fugl-Meyer para classificação da severidade da hemiparesia. A avaliação do controle motor foi realizado utilizando o software de aprendizagem e controle motor, em teste e reteste, oferecendo informação quanto ao tempo de realização da tarefa e o erro referente à distância percorrida sobre uma linha pré estabelecida. Os dados foram tratados com estatística descritiva (média, mediana e desvio padrão) e inferencial (Alpha de Chronbach, correlação intraclasse e Teste de Kruskal-Wallis) com intervalo de confiança de 95%. A consistência interna em função do erro de execução da tarefa foi elevada nas 3 subtarefas dos teste com coeficientes α=0,854(subtarefa1), α=0,813 (subatarefa 2) e α=0,940 (subtarefa 3), no reteste foram encontrados α=0,845 (subtarefa1), α=0,799 (subtarefa2) e α=0,942 (subtarefa 3). Quanto ao tempo de execução da tarefa os índices de correlação foram elevados com α >0,90, sendo que os maiores índices foram obtidos na subtarefa 3 com α=0,981, no teste, e α=0,986, no reteste. Os índices de correlação intraclasse foram elevadas com r>0,90, tanto em função do tempo quanto ao erro na execução da tarefa motora. As maiores correlações foram observadas na subtarefa 2, com r=0,98 em função do erro e r=0,99 em função do tempo.Os elevados índices de correlação intraclasse e de consistência interna demonstram que este software oferece medida consistente e estável, apresentando, portanto indicadores satisfatórios de validade como medida de avaliação do controle motor de indivíduos hemiparéticos. Por isso, este instrumento pode ser considerado válido e confiável para avaliação do controle de habilidade motoras fina, discreta e fechada de indivíduos hemiparéticos, pois fornece parâmetros confiáveis para o processo de avaliação destes pacientes.

This study evolved because of the researcher’s need to inquire whether visualmotor integration and fine motor coordination contribute to a child’s readiness to acquire handwriting skills. As school-going age is a controversial topic in the South- African context, the researcher set out to compare the readiness to acquire handwriting skills between two groups of Grade 1 children. This study was developed to determine whether a relationship existed between visual-motor integration and fine motor coordination as part of handwriting readiness, and acquiring handwriting skills in two age groups namely five-year-old children and six-year-old children. Initially the characteristics of the two age groups were determined. This was followed by establishing the level of development for visual-motor integration, fine motor coordination and handwriting skills in both age groups as well as comparing the levels of development. The abovementioned was obtained through the Miller Function and Participation Scales en the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment. Lastly, the scores for visual-motor integration and fine motor integration were correlated to the six categories of the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment. Both age groups presented with overall age appropriate abilities in visual-motor integration and fine motor coordination. The six-year-old group did better on all six of the categories for handwriting in the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment when compared to the five-year-old group. There was a significant difference (p=0.0049) between the visual-motor integration scores between the two age groups. No significant difference between the two age groups was recorded in fine motor coordination. A significant negative correlation was detected between visual-motor integration and the categories of legibility (r=-0.4029), form (r=-0.4300), size (r=-0.4087) and spacing (r=-0.3832) in the five-year-old group. The six-year-old group presented with a strong negative correlation between visual-motor integration and the category of rate (r=-0.3930). When correlating the fine motor coordination score with the categories of the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment, a strong negative correlation was detected with the categories of legibility (r=-0.3850) and spacing (r=-0.4697) in the five-yearold group. The six-year-old group did not present with significant correlations between fine motor coordination and the six categories of the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment. This study confirmed that a relationship exists between visual-motor integration, fine motor integration and handwriting skills. This relationship was not always clear and was influenced by different aspects such as age, maturity as well as the assessment instruments used. This study focused on only one district in Tshwane, which limited the data. The two age groups in this study were not matched for gender, ethnicity and handedness. / Dissertation (MOccTher)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Occupational Therapy / unrestricted

Title: Effect of hyperbaric environment on fine motor skills Objectives: The aim of study is to assess the changes fine motor skills due to hyperbaric environment in preparation for selected tests of fine motor skills. Methods: The first method was used empirically - research. Then the method chosen of compilation of the information obtained. The basic method to work was the experimental measurement method specially constructed tests on fine motor skills. All measured values were statistically processed as follows. Results: The results were formulated as a percentage, graphs and tables. Recording was carried out by recording the time data. Their percentage of the overall approach to the exercise time mastering fine motor skills in different environments. All results obtained were processed and evaluated. Keywords: depth intoxication, fine motor skills, hyperbaric environment, hyperbaric chambers, diving

Abstrakt Syftet med denna studie är att bidra med kunskap om lärares uppfattning och förståelse om och för handskriftens betydelse för elevers finmotoriska utveckling i svenskundervisningen i årskurs 1 – 4.  Detta för att belysa vikten av att fortsätta använda handskriften i skrivinlärningen. I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod använts vid intervjuer av respondenterna. Studiens teori baseras på det sociokulturella perspektivet och pragmatismen. En fenomenografisk forskningsansats har använts i studiens bearbetning, tolkning och analys av den insamlade datan. Resultatet har diskuterats mot bakgrund och tidigare forskning samt utifrån det sociokulturella perspektivet och pragmatismens syn på lärande. Resultatet visar att oavsett vilken metod lärare väljer att använda, handskrift eller tangentsinlärning, behöver eleverna olika övningar för att träna handen och finmotoriken, eftersom eleverna behöver kunna forma bokstäverna för att kunna skriva enkla texter med en läslig handstil. I resultatet framkommer det även att några lärare använder en form av ASL-metod i sin undervisning och är eniga om att handskriften behöver användas parallellt med tangentbordet. / Abstract The purpose of this study is to contribute to the knowledge about teachers´perception and understanding about the significance of the use of handwriting for the development of students' fine motor skills in the Swedish language classroom, in primary school during years 1 – 4. This is to highlight the importance of the continued use of handwriting when learning to write. In this study, a qualitative method was used in the interviews with the respondents. The study's theory is based on the sociocultural perspective and pragmatism. A phenomenographical research approach has been used in the processing, interpretation and analysis of the collected data. The results have been discussed in the context of previous research and based on socio-cultural and pragmatism's views on learning. The results show that regardless of which method teachers choose to use, handwriting or typing, students need complementary exercises to train the hand and the fine motor skills, as students need to be able to shape the letters to be able to write simple texts in a readable handwriting. The results also show that some teachers use some form of iWTR method in their teaching and they agree that handwriting needs to be used in parallel with a keyboard.

This report covers the eight week design project for the Thesis Project 1 and it looks at both the process and the results of this project. Through an iterative prototyping process a prototype was created to answer the research question: “What gameplay mechanics are required for a fighting style video game to allow for analog input in its character movements and do these mechanics allow for more natural controls and mastery?” Together with research into academic writing in the fields of neurology, embodied design and game design it was concluded that an analog control scheme, within the context of a video game that allows for that type of affordance, gives the user more natural control over the character they are playing. This was validated by playtesting the prototype with several users. However, the richness of the mastery of a game relies heavily on the implemented game elements in a finalized game and was therefore unanswered in this project. There were also constraints and game mechanics identified for game designers to keep in mind when designing a game that relies on this type of analog input. The project also raised a number of questions and new design opportunities that were unable to be explored due to the limited scope of the project.

Writing by hand is not that obvious in todays digitalized society, much of what we write and read is digitized. Today we communicate via SMS, email, and social media instead of sending letters and postcards. What do teachers think of handwriting still being a part of the curriculum? Will handwriting survive or is it on its way out?In this survey nine teachers in preschool to sixth grade have been interviewed to hear their opinions about the handwriting, if they think it is important to preserve it. How they motivate their children to write by hand even though the society is digitalized. If they feel that the educational material companies have adapted to the digital curriculum or if there still are good analogue materials available.The results show that the teachers think handwriting is important as there is a connection between brain and hand which is good for learning. The students also practice their fine motor skills when they are allowed to write by hand, which the teachers attach great importance to. / Att skriva för hand är inte lika självklart i dagens digitaliserade samhälle, mycket av det vi skriver och läser är digitalt. Vi kommunicerar idag via sms, mejl och sociala medier i stället för att skriva brev eller vykort. Vad tycker lärarna om att handskriften fortfarande är en del av skolans läroplan? Kommer handskriften att bestå eller är den på väg bort? I denna undersökning har nio lärare i årskurserna förskoleklass till sexan intervjuats för att höra deras åsikter om handskriften, om de tycker att det är viktigt att bevara den. Hur de gör för att motivera sina elever att skriva för hand när vi lever i ett digitalt samhälle. Samt om de känner att läromedelsföretagen anpassat sig efter den digitala läroplanen eller om det fortfarande finns bra analogt material att tillgå.Resultatet visar att lärarna tycker att handskriften är viktig då det finns en koppling mellan hjärna och hand som är bra vid inlärning. Eleverna tränar också på finmotoriken när de får skriva för hand vilket lärarna lägger stor vikt vid.

Introduction: Persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) experience changes cortically, subcortically and behaviorally. This dissertation examines the asymmetry of motor behavior to explore the role of asymmetry in persons with PD and its connection to clinical symptoms. Purpose: Project 1: To assess the hand asymmetry difference in young adults versus older adults. Project 2: To investigate the difference in hand asymmetry in older adults and persons with PD. Project 3: To explore the correlation between function and clinical symptoms of persons with PD. Methods: 55 right-handed participants [Young Adults (YA) = 20, Female = 10; Older Adults (OA) = 20, Female = 10; Persons with PD = 15, Female = 5] were recruited and performed motor tasks: Purdue Pegboard test, grip strength test, response task, thumb opposition task, tapping task, three variations of timed-up-and-go test (TUG), single leg stance task (SLS), Weight Distribution test and Limits of Stability test. The two-way ANOVA was conducted to examine a variance between YA and OA. A separate two-way ANOVA was conducted comparing variance between OA and persons with PD. The purpose was to explore asymmetries, characterized by a significant difference between groups’ left and right sides. Pearson’s correlation was implemented to examine connection of clinical symptoms and motor behavior. Statistics: IBM SPSS 24 software was used. Two 2-way ANOVAs with the between group factor of group (Young vs. Older in Project 1; Older vs. PD in project 2), and within group factor of hand (Right vs. Left in Study 1 & Study 2) were used to examine if age (or PD) changes hand asymmetry. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine correlations between Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and motor tasks in PD patients (Study 3). Results: Project 1: Results indicate asymmetry reduces with age in fine motor tasks containing speed, dexterity and strength components. Project 2: The basal ganglia dysfunction does not overall further exacerbate the reduced asymmetry with age. Project 3: Clinical symptoms of PD measured by the UPDRS are generally not associated with fine motor tasks of this study.

Las habilidades motoras en los niños son pieza fundamental para su desarrollo integral. De allí que la motricidad fina acreciente la capacidad en la utilización de objetos, herramientas y utensilios en los seres humanos. Sin embargo, todavía es poco estimulada tanto por padres de familia y docentes. Por consiguiente, la presente investigación propone realizar talleres para medir y fortalecer la motricidad fina con material reciclable en niños de cinco años. La metodología que se utilizó es de tipo propositiva con un diseño no experimental. La muestra fue tomada en 20 niños de cinco años. Al aplicar el pre-test se obtuvieron resultados no muy favorables, ya que el 80% de los niños se encontraban en un nivel de inicio. Los talleres planteados buscan principalmente, fortalecer la motricidad fina en niños pequeños y a la vez incentivarles el cuidado del medio ambiente reutilizando materiales u objetos para darles un segundo uso. / Motor skills in children are a fundamental piece for their comprehensive development. Hence, fine motor skills increase the ability to use objects, tools and utensils in human beings. However, it is still under-stimulated by parents and teachers. Therefore, this research proposes to carry out workshops to measure and strengthen fine motor skills with recyclable material in five-year-old children. The methodology used is propositional with a non-experimental design. The sample was taken from 20 five-year-old children. When applying the pre-test, not very favorable results were obtained, since 80% of the children were at a beginning level. The proposed workshops mainly seek to strengthen fine motor skills in young children and at the same time encourage them to care for the environment by reusing materials or objects to give them a second use.

Motor skills disorder of upper limb motor disorders is currently a frequent reason for large population disability. That is why it is necessary to adress this issue and look for possibilities of proper evaluation and therapy. One of the standard methods is Jebsen- Taylor test (JTT). This thesis deals with theoretical aspects of the Jebsen-Taylor test and presents results of the research verifying psychometric characterictics of the test as well as influence of demografic characteristics on the performance in the test. The theoretical part deals with motor skills disorder that are closely related with the test. The practical part presents results of the research using the sample of nonrandomised Czech non-clinical population. The aim is to create basic norms of the Jebsen-Taylor test and this particular population.The norms were created on a sample of 180 persons separately for men and women divided into three age groups (20-59, 60-75, 76-99). The age of the participants influences the results in most subtests of the Jebsen-Taylor test. With the increasing age, an average time of particular subtests increases, too. The gender influence was not notably manifested in most subtests. In the group of men the performance of the upper limb showed significant difference. On the other hand, in the group of...