Dans les dernières années, différents enjeux environnementaux ont occupé un espace médiatique important, de désastres variés à joutes politiques autour d’enjeux de développement des énergies fossiles. Or, bien que les liens entre environnement et inégalités sociales fassent de plus en plus partie des discours, les écrits empiriques en travail social en français demeurent rares sur les liens entre l’environnement et le travail social. Dans de nombreux articles, la formation en travail social est identifiée comme un point de départ nécessaire pour entamer une réflexion à ce sujet. Il constituera donc, pour nous, le terrain choisi pour cette recherche exploratoire. Plus précisément, ce projet de mémoire s’intéressera donc à mieux comprendre les expériences et réflexions étudiantes sur les liens entre l’environnement et le travail social, s’intéressant à les documenter à partir de leur parcours de formation. Les données qualitatives ont été recueillies par le biais de trois groupes de discussion en ligne, regroupant des personnes qui étudient en travail social dans des universités québécoises. Une analyse thématique réflexive, ancrée dans une méthodologie féministe et guidée par un cadre théorique féministe et un cadre conceptuel nepantla, aura permis de dégager les constats principaux de ce mémoire. Une démarche réflexive a aussi accompagné ce processus de mémoire, et a été utilisée pour trianguler les données. Sept thèmes se dégagent ainsi des données, décrivant les expériences et réflexions étudiantes témoignées : (1) « De nature à crise du logement : une définition de l’environnement en discussion », (2) Comment intervenir ? Des idées variées (3) « Dans les marges des cours : des liens peu abordés » (4) « Entre privé et public : partager son vécu émotif » (5) « Entre individu et société : Questionner la formation ». (6) « Entre enseignement et apprentissage : s’outiller entre paires ». et (7) « Entre préventions et urgence : réfléchir la responsabilité professionnelle ». Ces thèmes permettent de mieux comprendre les préoccupations étudiantes, et peuvent servir de tremplin pour guider des transformations dans la formation en travail social au Québec. / In recent years, various environmental issues have occupied a significant amount of media space, from various disasters caused by human activity to political games around the development of fossil fuels. However, although connections between environmental and social inequalities are increasingly part of the public discourse, empirical writings on the links between the environment and social work in French are still rare. In articles from various provinces and countries, social work education is identified as a necessary starting point for reflection on this topic. It will therefore be the chosen field for this exploratory research. More specifically, this master’s thesis will aim to better understand students’ experiences and reflections on the links between the environment and social work, documenting it from their educational pathway. Qualitative data was collected through three online focus groups of social work students enrolled in Quebec universities. A reflexive thematic analysis, anchored in a feminist theoretical framework and methodology and informed by a nepantla conceptual framework, guided the process for this thesis. A reflexive approach also accompanied this thesis and was used to triangulate and question the research data. Seven themes emerged from the focus groups, describing the students’ experiences and reflections: (1) “From nature to housing crisis: a definition of environment under discussion,” (2) How to intervene? Various ideas, (3) “In the margins of courses: absent links”, (4) “Between private and public: sharing one’s emotional experience”, (5) “Between individual and society: questioning training”. (6) “Between teaching and learning: equipping oneself among peers” and (7) “Between prevention and emergency: reflecting on professional responsibility”. These themes not only allow for a better understanding of student concerns but can also serve as an interesting springboard to guide transformations in social work education in Quebec.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka vad stråkpedagoger har för attityd och syn på begreppet genrebredd samt hur detta kan relateras till undervisning på musik- och kulturskola. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgörs av diskurspsykologi. För att undersöka detta har fokusgrupper använts som metod där stråkpedagoger inom musik- och kulturskolor har fått diskutera sina synsätt på genrebredd. Gruppsamtalen spelades in med både ljud och bild för att sedan transkriberas. Transkriptionerna analyserades med diskursanalys för att urskilja vilka tolkningsrepertoarer som framträder i samtalen. I resultatdelen beskrivs de olika tolkningsrepertoarerna som framträtt. Stråkpedagogerna ger utlopp för en variation av tolkningsrepertoarer som presenteras genom två huvudteman: Genrebredd som beroende av flera faktorer samt Genrebredd i undervisningen. Vissa av tolkningsrepertoarerna är kontrasterande mot varandra och vissa innefattar variationer inom dem själva. De mest förekommande synsätten hos lärarna är enligt resultatet, att genrebredd beror mycket på deras egen bakgrund, samt att genrebredd ses som ett verktyg för att möta eleven. Samtliga lärare ger dock uttryck för en tolkningsrepertoar där genrebredd ses som ett viktigt arbete. I diskussionen lyfts resultatets mest framträdande tolkningsrepertoarer för att diskuteras i relation med tidigare presenterad litteratur och forskning samt till det teoretiska perspektivet. / The purpose of this study is to examine string teachers’ attitudes and views towards the term genre width and how this could be related to string education in Swedish community school of music. The theoretical framework of the study is discourse psychology. To examine this, focus groups were used as method where string teachers within Swedish Community Schools of music has discussed their point of views on genre width. The conversations were recorded by video and audio to later be transcribed. The transcriptions were analyzed with discourse analysis to distinguish the various interpretative repertoires. The string teachers provide an outlet for a variety of interpretative repertoires, which is presented in two main themes: Genre as dependent of several factors and genre in teaching context. Some of the interpretative repertoires are contrasting to one another and some includes variations within themselves. The most occurring of the teachers’ views seems to be that to broadening the genre, are dependent on their own background, and that it is looked upon as a tool for meeting the student. All teachers express an interpretative repertoire where genre width, is looked upon as an important work. In the discussion, the most highlighted interpretative repertoires of the results are being related to previous research and presented literature and to the theoretical perspective.

In this current study, discussions were conducted in three focus groups with preschool teachers. In each focus group, two preschool teachers from two municipal preschools in a medium-sized city participated. The purpose of the research was to create a basic knowledge of how rough-and-tumble play (R&T) are perceived, interpreted and handled by preschool teachers. The cultural-historical theory of Vygotsky is used as a theoretical basis for this study. The results show that among preschool teachers there is a tendency to allow this kind of play in a limited form. The results also highlight the preschool teachers' insecurity in relation to children's rough-and-tumble plays. That uncertainty can take place because R&T games require a balance between being allowed, restricted and forbidden during a game. Furthermore, preschool teachers' awareness of the connection between their experiences and the approaches described about R&T plays are demonstrated. A lack of preschool teachers' consensus on R&T games also emerged in the study. / I den aktuella studien genomfördes diskussioner i tre fokusgrupper med förskollärare. I varje fokusgrupp deltog två förskollärare från två kommunala förskolor i en mellanstor stad. Forskningssyftet var att skapa en grundläggande kunskap om hur bråklekar uppfattas, tolkas och hanteras av förskollärare. Den kulturhistoriska teorin av Vygotskij användes som en teoretisk grund för den här studien. Resultatet visar att det bland förskollärare finns en tendens att tillåta bråklekar i en begränsad form. I resultatet lyfts även förskollärares osäkerhet gentemot barns bråklekar. Den osäkerheten kan uppkomma eftersom bråklekar kräver en balans mellan att vara tillåten, begränsad och förbjuden under en lek. Vidare påvisas förskollärares medvetenhet om en koppling mellan deras erfarenheter och de föreställningar som beskrivs kring bråklekar. En brist på förskollärares samsyn kring bråklekar framkom i studien.

Den här studien ämnar undersöka hur samverkan som medel framstår i arbetet med problematisk skolfrånvaro ur ett professionsperspektiv, men även hur yrkeskategorierna identifierar sig själva och andra i uppdraget att samverka. Underlättar, engagerar och ökar effektiviteten med samverkan såsom Skolverket (2009) påstår eller upplevs direktivet som ett hinder? För att nå en djupare förståelse av fenomenet samverkan har kvalitativa fokusgrupper genomförts med socialtjänstens socionomer, skolkuratorer, specialpedagoger och lärare. Det teoretiska ramverket utgår från socialkonstruktionismens idéer där Laclau & Mouffes diskursteori och analys använts. Hur professionernas diskurser fick betydelse och motiverades diskursivt i relation till samverkan kring problematisk skolfrånvaro har således varit i fokus. Resultatet skildrar huvudsakligen ett spänningsfält mellan skolprofessioners diskurser och socialtjänstens myndighetsdiskurs som rör samverkan kring skolfrånvaro, men även mellan skola och psykiatrin. Spänningen är som mest framträdande i talet omansvar där oenighet råder om vem som är specialist eller expert och vems ansvar det är att åka hem till elever. Samtliga skolprofessioner ses tillskriva socialtjänsten som den primära samarbetsparten vid problematisk skolfrånvaro. Här synliggörs den diskursiva makten manifesteras i en myndighetsdiskurs med bristande resurser, krav på dokumentation och åtgärder från skolan vilka genererar samarbete med andra aktörer hos främst kuratorer och specialpedagoger. Specialpedagoger vänder sig till psykiatrins professioner medan skolkuratorer och lärare ser dem som hindrande och sluter samverkan till skolans uppdrag. Utsagor om välfungerande och resursstarka vårdnadshavare talas också om på olika sätt där gradering av begreppen anses problematiskt. En annan upptäckt återfanns i socionomernas utsagor där en osäkerhet uppstod om anmälningar skulle inkomma tidigt eller sent. Osäkerheten indikerar en instabilitet vid bedömningar som också antyds resultera i att skolans behov av samarbete med socialtjänsten brister. Sammanfattningsvis åskådliggör resultatet fyra olika diskurser som talar om begreppet samverkan kring problematisk frånvaro på olika sätt där det dels saknas kännedom och förståelse för varandras uppdrag, dels vilka konsekvenser som kan uppstå då bedömningar och insatser nekas. Här kan särskilt den allians lyftas som specialpedagogerna sågs knyta till psykiatrin eftersom den skulle kunna leda till ett mer individcentrerat perspektiv på åtgärder.

The purpose of this study was to increase knowledge about how socio-economic conditions in different groups of students can affect students' perceptions of the subject of social studies. This was done by accounting for, analysing and discussing differences and similarities in perceptions of the subject of social studies between students in vocational and in tertiary preparatory programsin upper secondary school in Sweden. The data for this qualitative study was collected through focus group interviews and was thereafter thematically analysed. The results show that all students, regardless of program, find social studies important both for themselves and for the society as a whole. However, preferences regarding teaching methods vary between programs. Vocational programs tend to prefer shorter individual writing assignments while tertiary preparatory programs like to work both individually and in groups as well as both orally and in writing. There are also differences in how the programs view their use for social studies in the future. The vocational programs consider themself to have the most use for knowledge regarding economy while the tertiary preparatory programs believe they will have most use forwhat they have learned concerning the subject of individuals and identity. These differences can be explained by the student´s different capacities and different access to cultural and language capital as well as the real functions of the school system and cultural reproductionwhich are all due to socio-economic differences that exist between the students in vocationalprograms and the students in tertiary preparatory programs.

For decades authenticity has been of great interest in media and communication research. With this study, we aim to contribute to the research with a new perspective where authenticity is examined in artists who use influencer marketing on social media. With two qualitative focus group interviews, we examine how two previously separate professional roles, influencer and artist, now merge in their interests and strategies to influence their audience via social media platforms. By analyzing and interpreting young Swedish women’s experiences of artists’ advertising collaborations, we seek to understand the concept of authenticity's influence, power and meaning in the digital era. This is done using the three theories: influencer marketing, social capital and branding. The results confirm the dynamic role of the concept of authenticity in society and that whether something or someone is authentic is situational. The concept of authenticity is perceived as important in some contexts and less important in others. There is a clear tolerance for inauthentic behavior within the artist community. However, there is also a perceived limit to how much advertising through influencer marketing an artist can do before it has a negative impact on the artist’s perceived authenticity. The most significant factor is the artist's choice of brand to collaborate with. Our conclusions also show that there is an awareness of the intertwining of the two professional roles and a feeling that most artists and influencers are in a “gray area” where the boundaries between the roles are blurred. This means that new relationships and patterns of cooperation between artists and companies are created, and the dynamics of both the entertainment and advertising industry is changing.

No description available.

Denna rapport är en konsumentundersökning rörande skivförpackningar. Syftet med undersökning är att ta reda på vad konsumenter har för attityd, tankar och känslor kring olika slags skivförpackningar. Förändringar i människors köpbeteende och den ökad miljömedvetenhet i samhället gör det intressant att undersöka om detta även påverkar konsumenters syn på skivförpackningar.Undersökningen genomfördes genom att tre olika fokusgrupper träffades för att diskutera fyra olika skivförpackningar. I en öppen diskussion fick respondenterna redogöra för sina attityder, tankar och känslor kring skivförpackningar, därefter fick deltagarna svara på mer styrda frågor kring förpackningar och förpackningars miljöpåverkan. I forskningsresultaten framgår det att de flesta respondenter har en positiv attityd till Digipack, som enligt dem har de bästa produktattributen. Jewel box har kritiserats för att den inte är hållbar. Respondenterna uttrycker sig både starkt positivt och negativt om Jakebox, som upplevs som onödigt komplicerad eller kul och sexig. I grupperna ger man uttryck för en miljömedvetenhet, men att förpackning är miljövänlig tas inte upp som ett viktigt produktattribut. Hållbarhet, utseende och användarvänlighet betraktas som viktiga egenskaper hos en skivförpackning. I grupperna är man beredd att betala ett högre pris för att få skivor levererade i sina favoritförpackningar. / This report is a consumer market research study about cd packaging. The purpose was to examine people’s attitudes, thoughts and feelings regarding different cd packaging solutions. The recent change in society regarding environmental awareness and the change in people’s buying behaviour makes getting consumer’s view on cd packaging relevant. The study was performed with three focus groups that discussed four different types of cd packaging solutions. The respondents expressed their attitudes, feelings and thoughts in an open discussion regarding different packaging solutions. The participants also answered more direct questions regarding cd packaging and the environmental impact of packaging. Many of the respondents expressed a positive attitude towards Digipack, which in their opinion possessed the most attractive product attributes. Jewel box was criticized for its lack of durability. Respondents expressed both a strong positive and negative attitude towards Jakebox, which some experienced as to complicated whereas others thought of it as funny and sexy. The groups expressed environmental concern but environmental impact was almost never suggested as an important product attribute. Durability, appearance and usability were regarded as the most important qualities in cd packaging. The respondents expressed a willingness to pay a higher price to get cd´s in there packaging of choice.

Sex in advertising can be just as fun as it can be offensive, depending on how it is portrayed.Small details can make big differences, and although there are frameworks for ethical advertisement issued by ICC, the border between what is right and wrong in the means of sexual allusions, can appear very narrow. With consumers as the final judge of ethics, this study aims to answer the question of what consumers find to be appropriate sexual allusions, versus inappropriate ones. This, with the goal and purpose of clarifying the narrow border just mentioned. The study was executed through a structured focus group interview, where seven consumers were exposed to ten commercials and surrounding questions and topics for discussion. The result generated overall answers as well as more specific elements of both appropriate and inappropriate sexual allusions. To follow social norms was said to be of most value and if not done right the sexual allusion becomes inappropriate. As a more specific example, humor and especially wit, was said to have the power to ensure that the sexual allusion came off as appropriate.

No / The English End of Life Care Strategy promises that all patients with advanced, life limiting illness will have the opportunity to participate in Advance Care Planning (ACP). For patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the barriers to this being achieved in practice are under-explored. Five focus groups were held with a total of 39 health care professionals involved in the care of patients with COPD. Participants reported that discussions relating to ACP are very rarely initiated with patients with COPD and identified the following barriers: inadequate information provision about the likely course of COPD at diagnosis; lack of consensus regarding who should initiate ACP and in which setting; connotations of comparing COPD with cancer; ACP discussions conflicting with goals of chronic disease management; and a lack of understanding of the meaning of 'end of life' within the context of COPD. The findings from this study indicate that, for patients with COPD, significant service improvement is needed before the objective of the End of Life Care Strategy regarding patient participation in end of life decision-making is to be achieved. Whilst the findings support the Strategy's recommendations regarding an urgent for both professional education and increased public education about end of life issues, they also indicate that these alone will not be enough to effect the level of change required. Consideration also needs to be given to the integration of chronic disease management and end of life care and to developing definitions of end of life care that fit with concepts of 'continuous palliation'.