With the development of logistics market, the third party logistics can no longer solve all the problems in supply chain management, the appearance of fourth party logistics is a breakthrough solution to modern supply chain challenge. Since China has become the manufacturing center of the world, it attracts more attentions to its own logistics market. But at the same time, there are few studies on Chinese fourth party logistics. This purpose of the study is to research a fourth party logistics service provider in China, including the barriers and the recommendations to promote its development. The fourth party logistics assembles the resources, capabilities, and technologies of its own company and other companies to design, build and run comprehensive supply chain solutions (Foster 1999). The research objectives of the study are 1. Identify what is the smart logistics and the factors comprised smart logistics network in general. 2. Describe the Rookie plan and analysis its property and prospect. And 3. Classify the impact of smart logistics on customer satisfaction or requests, and formulate recommendations on how to improve the performance of Rookie plan. Due to such aims, this research pursues a hybrid method which consists both of survey and case study about the ‘Rookie Plan’. Hereby, not only the secondary data for theoretical framework establishment and information gathering of the case project is engaged, but also the primary data through questionnaire to the sellers on the ecommerce platform named ‘Taobao’. For enhancing the reliability and validity of the survey, the overall process is conducted base on a four step guideline, as well as four-phase data analysis method for analyzing the information. What is more, the overall analysis part is led by PEST model. The integration of all methods above confirm the reliability and validity of the research process. The results of survey show that there is a necessary to bring smart logistics into e-commerce, and there is a huge potential for the development of fourth party logistics.  This study has demonstrated that Rookie Plan, the new type of logistics service provider in China has obtained a significant achievement and bring the customers huge benefits, but it also faced some risks including it cannot guarantee all aspects of this plan can have well function, and the underdevelopment logistics infrastructure also hinder its development. As the reason of achieving a better development of Rookie plan and shining a light for other 4PL companies in China, the recommendations for Rookie Plan are strengthen the planning and construction of logistics infrastructure, promote the development of third party logistics service provider, and accelerate the integration of e-commerce and modern logistics industry.

This paper aims to analyze the potential future of the 4PL concept based on expert opinions with special regard to the influence of digitalization coming with a disruptive trans-formation of supply chains. Service arrangements, provider capabilities and benefits resulting from a 4PL partnership are compared in current and future configurations. The research follows an explorative mixed methods approach with semi structured interviews followed by an expert panel. This builds a basis for an online survey questionnaire to inquire on important future aspects for the 4PL concept by a sample of respondents from multinational companies. Our results show a clear trend away from simply organizing transportation and logistics activities towards the provision of an IT platform as well as further value-added service activities such as planning, analytics and monitoring. Along with this, IT capabilities appear to be an important differentiator for 4PL providers in the future. Moreover, relationships between 4PL providers and their clients become closer and more strategic, which leads to a customer valuing not only direct cost reductions but rather improvements resulting from optimized operations through superior analysis and planning functions.

Die vorliegende Arbeit zur Logistik,verstanden als eine anwendungsorientierte Wissenschaftsdisziplin, verfolgt eine wissenschaftliche sowie praxisorientierte Zielsetzung. Als übergeordnetes Ziel ist die Feststellung des Status quo und der Entwicklungsperspektiven des 4PL-Ansatzes anzuführen. Durch die Verwendung von etablierten Forschungsmethoden wird die wissenschaftliche Rigorosität sichergestellt. Zur Erfüllung der praxisorientierten Zielsetzung wurden Fallstudien und Experteninterviews im Rahmen des Forschungsprozesses verwendet, um zum einen das Wissen aus der Praxis einzubinden und zum anderen eine Relevanz für die Praxis sicherzustellen. Für eine konsistente Praxis-Orientierung wurde die Branche der landwirtschaftlichen Schüttgutlogistik als exemplarisches Anwendungsfeld zur Untersuchung des 4PL-Ansatzes gewählt. Die Schüttgutlogistik beschreibt das Bindeglied zwischen der Landwirtschaft, dem Handel und der Ernährungsindustrie und somit einen Teil eines Netzwerkes. Das Transportvolumen betrug im Jahr 2010 ca. 3,5 Mrd. t, wobei 76 % (2,7 Mrd. t) auf den Straßenverkehr entfielen (Bundesministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz 2010). In Anlehnung an die Trends der Logistik konnten gefestigte und klassische Strukturen vorgefunden werden, weshalb der 4PL-Ansatz als wahre Innovation untersucht werden konnte. Dies ist dadurch begründet, dass die Branche über genossenschaftliche Strukturen verfügt und neue technologische Trends eher zurückhaltend verfolgt. Dennoch sind die logistischen Herausforderungen wie die Reduzierung von Leerkilometern, die Optimierung der Frachtraumkapazitäten sowie die CO2-Reduzierung laut den befragten Akteuren der Branche von hoher Bedeutung (Müller 2010). Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden daher Methoden, Modelle, Applikationen und Vorgehensweisen entwickelt, welche zur Beantwortung der folgenden übergeordneten Forschungsfragen herangezogen werden: 1. Was ist der Status quo des 4PL-Ansatzes sowie das Anforderungsprofil der landwirtschaftlichen Schüttgutlogistik an den 4PL? 2. Was sind die wichtigsten Diffusionsfaktoren des 4PL-Ansatzes in der deutschen landwirtschaftlichen Schüttgutlogistik? 3. Was sind die Potenziale innerhalb einer Branche durch Einführung eines 4PL? 4. Wie können eine Implementierung sowie die organisatorische Einordnung des 4PL-Ansatzes für eine Branche erfolgen? 5. Welche Trends der Zukunft zeigen Parallelen zum 4PL-Ansatz auf? Die vorliegende kumulative Dissertation zeigt Potenziale für die Branche auf und trägt zum Verständnis einer zukünftigen Entwicklung des 4PL-Ansatzes bei. Zur Zielerreichung wird ein Mixed-Methods-Ansatz verfolgt.

This paper examines the process of employing four kinds of information systems in fourth-party logistics. The paper mainly tries to answer research questions: what is fourth-party logistics and information systems; what are benefits and barriers for using four kinds of information systems (RFID, WMS, EDI, Electronic marketplace) with the help of fourth-party logistics; what are unique benefits and barriers for fourth-party logistics to employ the four kinds of information systems and how to overcome the difficulties. To answer the research question, qualitative case study approach was employed and two case companies were chosen. Information in literature review was collected from secondary data for example scientific paper. Information in findings was collected from interviews of people in charge of the project and internal reports.   Definitions of fourth-party logistics and information system were reviewed in literature review. The differences between fourth-party logistics and third-party logistics were presented as well. In addition, categorization of various kinds of advanced information systems was also listed.   Benefits and barriers organized from literature and case studies were gathered and compared in discussion. Two significant benefits were identified: opportunities to do businesses with leading companies and improved efficiency. Two main barriers are confusion of the concept of fourth-party logistics and terminology of information system and financial justification. There are different opinions between the two case companies, literature review and empirical data, and between different literature. The paper concluded that there are many benefits and barriers for employing the four kinds of information systems in fourth-party logistics, and the future development of it is promising.

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As the cities are becoming more crowded, the urban distribution has become a major logistical challenge. Some commonproblems in the inner cities arelimited accessibility and idling. Many of Sweden's municipalities are above the limit values for PM10limit set by the EU.Sundsvall is one of these municipalities and has the vision to create a sustainable city and region. Sundsvall LogistikparkAB is part of an EU project, SMARTSET, which is collaborationbetween several cities in Europe. SMARTSETSundsvall is about to develop a market-based sustainable model for city logistics. Itsobjective has been to compare and assess the potential of two business models forcoordinated goods distribution, with a micro terminal, in to Sundsvall Stenstad,with the current status. To achieve the purpose of the survey is the mapping of the current situation made with the help of interviews with shippers and identification of criteria for a multi-criteria analysis. In the result, the interviews compiled and formed the basis of the data used in the MCA. To get the values of the different criteria, the calculations are made and then the dependency between the different criteria illustrated in the scatter plots. It has been found that business model 1 and 2 is better than the current statusofthe majority of the criteria. The study's main purpose has been fulfilled when the MCA has shown that both the business modelsare profitable for shippers and reduces emissions in Sundsvall. The study has also shown that there are more factors than just the profitability and environmental impacts that affect an imple-mentation of any of these business models. To further develop this survey is required that more shippers interviewed and that the stores specifications are compiled. To get a project with a longer lifethan the contribution period required financing method identified. / I och med att städerna blir allt mer befolkade har stadsdistributionen blivit en stor logistisk utmaning. Några vanliga problem i innerstäderna är begränsad framkomlighet och tomgångskörning. Många av Sveriges kommuner ligger överde gränsvärden för PM10som bestämts av EU. Sundsvall är en av dessa kommuner och har som vision att skapa en hållbar stad och region. Sundsvall Logiskpark AB ingår i ett EU-projekt, SMARTSET, som är ett samarbete mellan flera städer i Europa. SMARTSET Sundsvall handlar om att fram en marknadsmässigt hållbar modell för citylogistik. Undersökningens syfte äratt jämförasamt bedöma potentialen hostvå logistikmodellerför samordnad varudistribution,med en mikroterminal,in till Sundsvalls Stenstadmed nuläget.För att uppnå undersökningens syfte har kartläggning av nuläget gjorts med hjälp av interjuver med speditörer samt identifiering av kriterier för en multikriterieanalys. I resultatet har intervjuerna sammanställts och legat till grund för dedata som har använts i multikriterieanalysen. För att få värden på de olika kriterierna har beräkningar gjorts och sedan har beroendet mellan de olika kriterierna illustrerats i scatter plots. Det har visat sig att logistikmodell1 och 2 är bättre än nuläget på majoriteten av kriterierna.Undersökningens huvudsakliga syfte har uppfyllts då multikriterieanalysen harvisat att båda logistikmodellernaär lönsam för speditörerna samt minskar utsläppen i Sundsvall. Undersökningen har också visat att det är fler faktorer än bara lönsamhet och miljöpåverkan som påverkar en implementation av någon av dessa logistikmodeller.För att vidareutveckla denna undersökning krävs det att fler speditörer intervjuas samt att butikernas kravspecifikation sammanställs. För att få ett projekt med längre livslängd än bidragsperioden behövs finansieringssätt identifieras.

Plusieurs facteurs importants interviennent dans la dynamique concurrentielle des chaînes logistiques, à savoir les caractéristiques structurales et relationnelles. Nous optons dans ce travail doctoral pour l'étude des registres relationnels afin de comprendre le rôle des réseaux sociaux dans la construction d'une capacité de coordination au sein des chaines logistiques. Le champ d'investigation est celui du prestataire logistique de dernière génération dénommé 4PL, dont le métier consiste à concevoir et à orchestrer des systèmes logistiques sans pour autant posséder d'actifs matériels. Afin de faire la lumière sur cette problématique, nous mobilisons trois cadres d'analyse, à savoir le management inter-organisationnel, l'approche par les réseaux sociaux et la prestation logistique. La démarche empirique s'est appuyée sur l'analyse du discours de personnes évoluant dans des entreprises ayant mis en oeuvre une prestation 4PL. Les résultats de notre recherche doctorale soulignent qu'il faut tenir compte de valeurs aussi bien économiques que sociales, comme la confiance et les liens interpersonnels, pour dynamiser les relations inter-organisationnelles. Ces valeurs sociales facilitent le travail de coordination du 4PL au sein des chaînes logistiques et légitiment son pilotage. / Several important factors are involved in the competitive dynamics of supply chains: namely the structural and relational characteristics. In this doctoral research we choose to use the relational register in order to understand the role of social networks in building coordination capacity within supply chains. The field of investigation is the Fourth Party Logistics (4PL), whose job is to design and orchestrate logistics systems without ownership of physical assets. To shed some light on this issue we engage three analytical frameworks: the inter-organizational management, the social networks paradigm and logistics services. The empirical approach was based on discourse analysis of people operating in 4PL companies. The results of our study highlight that we must rely on economical as well as social values, such as trust and interpersonal ties, in order to maintain and boost inter-organizational relationships. These social values facilitate 4PL's coordination within supply chains and legitimize its control.

Submitted by Bruno Rodrigues Balla (brunoballa@gmail.com) on 2017-01-11T14:00:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Bruno Balla - 2016.pdf: 1460369 bytes, checksum: 6f0f27af092d62ef0a6b9850706bb5ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-01-12T12:11:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Bruno Balla - 2016.pdf: 1460369 bytes, checksum: 6f0f27af092d62ef0a6b9850706bb5ee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-17T11:27:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Bruno Balla - 2016.pdf: 1460369 bytes, checksum: 6f0f27af092d62ef0a6b9850706bb5ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-13 / The main objective of this study was to investigate which value attributes a fourth party logistics (4PL) operator must offer to potential oil & gas clients, in order to properly serve the managing worries and orders commonly present in such industry operational routine. With this intent and based on the theoretical framework, a value proposal was elaborated for these operators, allowing us to verify its consistency within the referred market. The proposal was both based on the market’s supply and logistics chain differentiation principles, such as flow integration or operational and management capacities development, as on the main characteristics of the 4PL operator, related to their capacity to bring knowledge and experience to the operation, to provide operational flow through technology and to manage their clients’ network operations. 6 (six) semi structured interviews were applied to operations’ managers of major companies operating in this sector in Brazil. The interviews outcomes are not entirely opposed to the use of an operator like these within the industry’s companies. It has called attention, however, to topics with which these operators should be worried about, such as: a possible cost increase, the level of service required by the business, the operational issues attached to the uncertainty over demand & operational risks, the strict trust usually attributed to suppliers and the maturity of the market itself, whether concerning contractors or available suppliers. / Este estudo teve como objetivo central investigar quais atributos de valor um operador integrador, chamado de 4PL, deve ofertar a possíveis clientes provenientes da indústria de petróleo e gás, de forma que seu serviço seja adequado aos principais anseios e demandas gerenciais presentes na rotina operacional desta indústria. Para tanto, com base no referencial bibliográfico, uma proposta de valor para estes operadores foi elaborada, possibilitando a averiguação desta sobre sua adequação ao mercado em questão. A proposta de valor baseou-se nos princípios de diferenciação referentes à cadeia logística e de suprimentos deste mercado, como a integração de fluxos e o desenvolvimento de capacidades operacionais e de gestão, e nas principais características dos operadores integradores, relacionadas à sua capacidade de aportar conhecimento e experiência à operação, de prover fluidez operacional através de tecnologia e de gerir a rede operacional de relacionamento de seus clientes. Foram realizadas 6 (seis) entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores operacionais das principais empresas atuantes deste setor no Brasil. O resultado da análise sobre as entrevistas não refutou totalmente a utilização deste operador por parte das empresas desta indústria, no entanto chamou atenção para itens com os quais este tipo de operador deveria preocupar-se, como: a possibilidade de acréscimo de custos, o nível de atendimento exigido pelas empresas, os problemas operacionais relacionados à incerteza sobre a demanda e aos riscos operacionais, a confiança restrita geralmente atribuída aos fornecedores e a maturidade do mercado em geral, seja por parte das empresas contratantes ou dos fornecedores disponíveis.

全球性的產業面對國際化的競爭，企業為求生存發展，對於資源的需求必須尋求國內外最佳發展與佈局。隨著運輸系統及通信技術的進步，全球供應鏈的興盛已是必然的趨勢。這些跨國企業專注於自己的核心事業，對於非主軸業務皆採以外包方式委外執行。其中以國際物流運作因涵蓋業務範圍廣且複雜非一般產業所能承擔，採外包方式是一種正確的決策。 物流產業居於專業分工及委外需求日盛的市場中，因此物流產業的市場不斷的擴大，而且對物流需求的服務項目變得多樣且複雜，尤其是國際物流及全球供應鏈。但相對的物流業者間的競爭更形激烈，誰能提供更完整、更準確、更快速及更低廉的服務，誰就能主宰市場。 本研究首先就物流定義、國際物流、第三方物流及第四方物流等活動深入探討，以我國國際物流業者的體質來看，惟有物流業界的水平整合或垂直整合，加上資訊科技化，才能滿足趨勢需求，才能有競爭力。整合的組織方式及解決方案為何，由誰來整合最有機會與條件，本論文將以第四方物流為目標，分析國內物流業者可以採行的整合方式，在業務整合之同時探討資訊整合之可能性及整合方式。並且提出一個以SOA為核心之電子化企業協同合作架構，運用服務導向的開放式及模組化優點來架構第四方物流系統。 倉儲/物流中心及海空運承攬業者是有能力發展成第四方物流業者，因此這兩者在價值鏈中是很好的雁行領導者。透過此領導者本身之條件，再以策略聯盟的方式擴充至其他上下游物流業者，串聯成完整的價值鏈，可快速構成第四方物流組織。 第四方物流組織以策略聯盟的方式構成，目標是串聯成完整的價值鏈，但策略聯盟組織是鬆散的組織，要使價值鏈發揮效益須要藉助協同商務，尤其是資訊的協同作業。要發展協同商務，就需要有共通的標準與可用的技術。。SOA分析架構是一種新的觀念，目前沒有明確的方法可參考，經本研究驗證，使用Zachman framework的原則，使得在SOA\Web service實作較為簡單可行。 / Facing international competition, global enterprises are developing the international optimal resource allocation. Global supply chain is necessary due to the progress in transportation and communication technique. These enterprises focus in core business and outsource others. Global logistics is first priority in outsourcing, because its coverage is wide and it is very complex. The global logistics market grows bigger and bigger, because the global market are progressing towards specialization and outsourcing. The global logistics and supply chain need varied and integrated services. In the violent competitive environment, the one who can provide complete, precise, quick, and integrated service will dominate the market. This research will first discuss the definition and characteristics of global logistics, then discuss 3PL and 4PL activities and core competence. Since the service and business scope of logistics industry is very wide; and given the constitution of Taiwanese global logistics service providers, the only solution to improve the competitiveness of Taiwan local logistics industry is to integrate the logistics industry both vertically and horizontally with the support of the information technology. This paper will discuss the integration solution and the best candidate to integrate the logistics industry, followed by the discussion to build collaboration commerce system by SOA. Warehouse/logistics centers and freight forwarders are best candidates to develop 4PL. These two businesses are best leaders in logistics value chain. Base on these leaders’ capacity to extend to upstream and downstream partners by strategic alliances, they can build full logistics value chain easily and quickly. But the organization structure of strategic alliance is loose. If they want to run the 4PL organization efficiently, they must use collaboration commerce, especially, by information technique. The research confers to develop collaboration commerce using SOA. SOA is a new concept. Right now, there is no full methodology to refer. From the results of the research, we prove that using Zachman framework principle can make SOA or Web service implementation simple and feasible.

The diploma work deals with the analysis of the logistic chain of the company Friall s.r.o., which is a producer of frozen potato specialities. Based on this analysis I wanted to discover weak points in functionality of the logistic chain and find suitable precautionary measures as well as solutions leading to an improvement of the current situation. The diploma work is focused on the raw material entry and self-production of the products.