Background: Agricultural activities occupy a significant part of the world’s land area and the food systems are comprehensively reliant on fossil fuels, resulting in that the sector is responsible for a large percentage of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. Changes are needed in order to meet the challenges of developing sustainable food systems. One change strategy would be to replace parts of animal proteins with greener plant substitutes. This thesis is part of a four-year transdisciplinary research project with the aim to, within four years, develop domestically produced products based on Swedish legumes. This paper will focus on exploring significant components affecting health-conscious consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions regarding legumes-based products. By the thesis, valuable information and insights regarding legumes as a protein substitute will be gathered amongst the growing consumer group of health-conscious consumers.  Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the attitudes regarding legumes, and underlying key components affecting health-conscious consumers purchase intentions towards legume-based products. Additionally, two research questions have been developed to reach valuable findings for this investigation.

Small region sustainability is an extremely important part of the journey to sustainability of the global population, as the most difference can be made at this spatial level through decision making and community choice. However, small regions have not been the focus of sustainability literature. Therefore, this thesis develops theory to explain what small region sustainability involves and tested the applicability of current sustainability assessment methods to find an effective tool for the journey to sustainability that can be used for social learning, decision making, policy development, research and monitoring of sustainability in small regions. It was found through the development of a model of sustainable carrying capacity and the major pressures of human activities on the environment, that sustainability for small regions means living equitably with the impacts of human activities in the region within the limits of its ecosystems. This thesis also found that none of the current sustainability methods tested were effective or useful as a tool for small regions. Therefore, a new sustainability assessment method was developed, the Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA), which assesses the equitability and size of the major pressures that the human activities are causing and determines if this pressure exceeds the sustainable carrying capacity of the region, and thus, the sustainability of the population. Thus, for small regions to become sustainable, they must live equitably within the sustainable carrying capacity of the region's ecosystems, and a tool that can help them achieve this is the SCCA. By raising social awareness, guiding policy development and decision making this method can help guide small regions, and other spatial levels on their journey to sustainability. Therefore, it is recommended that Local Government Areas, Regional Organisation of Councils, schools, local community groups and anyone who wants to learn more about sustainability use this method. This thesis, therefore, makes a significant contribution to the field of sustainability.

In spite of our substantive knowledge about global un-sustainability, insufficient progress is being made to halt systematic socio-ecological decline. Much information is readily available on downstream impacts, with limited focus on upstream activities driving such effects. This thesis uses backcasting from socioecological principles for sustainability to identify major upstream human activities violating these principles, the underlying drivers reinforcing such activities, alternative practices already in use with potential for significant expansion, and emerging opportunities for action across different sectors of society. Results show emerging patterns of high magnitude violations across all four socio-ecological principles indicating nexus points in energy, transportation and agriculture. These activities are reinforced by our societal structure which is designed to meet human needs through a growth paradigm which in turn does not adequately consider the ongoing health of ecosystems or the sustainable functioning of society itself. Shifting to potential solutions, examples focus on themes such as renewable energy, green chemicals, organic agriculture, and self-organising network structures. Recognising that these actions may not be enough, the thesis explores elements of a global vision which could guide progress. Emerging nexus points for societal change include education, information flows (particularly the media), design (as a leverage point), self-organization, and governance. / <p>Josephine Brennan +27 83 778 9158</p>

Mariestad municipality participated in a global competition to become Volvo’s site for a new lithium-ion battery factory. The competition was between eleven different countries and three different locations in Sweden. Aer declaring Mariestad and the site Korstorp as winners, extensive surveys of the site were initiated during which they did a rare find of the protected species the great crested newt. However, Volvo is still planning on going through with building the factory the way they planned, which implies asphalting an area of 140-150 ha and constructing a box like factory of one or two floors. The newts are now under great threat and will have to be moved in order to make room for the factory. Building battery factories is something we strive for on a global scale, but what happens when global sustainability opposes local? In the example of the battery factory in Mariestad Agenda 2030’s sustainable development goals biodiversity and economic growth seem to be in opposition to each other and here it becomes clear that the value of humans and non-humans are different. How are we to remedy the unequal distribution of power and how can we turn the conflict zone in Korstorp into a zone of diplomacy? The convention of the rights of the child became Swedish law in 2020 and here it is relevant taking a look at article 12, which says; “All children have the right to express their opinions, adults shall listen and consider the children’s opinions”. The children are our future and they have to live with our choices. Building in a sustainable manner implies listening to who will be affected. The society’s measurement of success needs to be altered from economic growth to one which everybody has the right to be part of. To reach that place we have to practice at an early age to think and act in a democratic manner. If children feel as if they have been heard they could come to appreciate democratic processes in which they trust their ability to alter the society and feel obligated towards it. Furthermore, the unlimited imagination of children and the fact that they are not yet indoctrinated in the routines and customs of our society might bring the innovation needed to create a new kind of factory in symbiosis with the local environment.

O objetivo desta tese é avaliar criticamente o discurso da sustentabilidade global e seu repasse local nas organizações. Aqui é adotada a perspectiva crítica, sendo a produção do discurso vista como vinculada às condições de existência, mas, com base na dinâmica dialética, o discurso pode ser um agente de mudança e promover novas maneiras de viver. A partir do entendimento da questão da sustentabilidade como resultante da globalização, Milton Santos é nossa inspiração na avaliação da sustentabilidade global enquanto discurso. O autor, ao refletir sobre a globalização considera a existência de três mundos em um só: a globalização como fábula; a globalização como perversidade; e a possibilidade de uma outra globalização. Da mesma maneira entendemos que a sustentabilidade também envolve três discursos em um só. A sustentabilidade é apresentada como solução, salvação do mundo, mas ela encobre que é o grande problema da atualidade, a danação do mundo. Consequência da globalização, a questão da sustentabilidade tem sua base em um modelo econômico perverso, gerador dos aspectos centrais da insustentabilidade global, a saber, de um lado, o aquecimento global e as mudanças climáticas, devido a alta utilização de energias fósseis e a emissão de gás de efeito estufa (GEE); e , de outro, uma pegada ecológica que demanda um planeta e meio, o que indica a sobreexploração e a deterioração dos serviços ecossistêmicos, os quais são o suporte para a vida no planeta. A pesquisa empírica deste estudo mostra que as empresas adotam o discurso da sustentabilidade global, mas não reconhecem sua responsabilidade no impacto sobre o planeta. Mas não precisa ser assim. Podemos dizer que um outro mundo é possível, e escolher seguir um novo caminho, uma outra sustentabilidade. Uma sustentabilidade que está na dimensão das pessoas e das relações com o outro e que, dessa maneira, faz-se presente na categoria dos direitos sociais e da cidadania. A adoção da comunicação como estratégia possível de sustentabilidade é o que nos leva do discurso da sustentabilidade global ao exercício da sustentabilidade enquanto cidadania local. / The objective of this thesis is to critically evaluate the discourse of global sustainability and its transference to the local level, within the organizations. A critical perspective is assumed; with the production of speech perceived as a link for living conditions , yet, based on the dynamic dialectic, the discourse can be a means of change and to promote new ways of living. As from the understanding of the discourse of sustainability as a result of globalization, Milton Santos is our inspiration for reasoning in the appraisal of the discourse of global sustainability. The author, reflecting on globalization considers the existence of three worlds in one: globalization as a fable; globalization as perversity; and the possibility of another globalization. Thereto, we understand that sustainability also involves three discourses in one. Sustainability is presented as a solution, a world\'s salvation, however we are faced with an enormous problem today, the damnation of the world. Consequence of globalization, sustainability is based in a perverse economic model, generator of the key issues of global unsustainability, specifically, on the one hand, global warming and climate changes, due to the high use of fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) ;and on the other hand, an ecological footprint that demands one planet and a half, which indicates over-exploitation and deterioration on the ecosystemic services, as a support for life on the planet. The empirical research of this study shows that companies adopt the discourse of global sustainability, but do not recognize its\' responsibility in the impact on the planet. Nevertheless, it does not need to be in such a way. We can say that another world is possible, and choose to follow a new path, another sustainability. A sustainability that is in the dimension of people and the relationship with others; thereby, becomes present in the category of social rights and citizenship. The adoption of communication as a possible strategy of sustainability is what takes us from the discourse of global sustainability to the exercise of sustainability as local citizenship.

Background: Health promotion is significant for reducing health inequalities at local and global levels. The Swedish Government has developed a policy for sustainable global development in the pursuit of implementing Agenda's 2030 sustainability goals in the international arena. Svalorna Latinamerika works in Peru with implementing the global goals at local level. Aim: The purpose of the field study is to analyze how Svalorna Latinamerika works strategically with involving local citizens to participate in the development work at the local level. The work is based on the global sustainability goals (Agenda 2030). Methods: The study applied a qualitative method and deductive approach to test whether the theory could be applied in to achieve sustainable development goals. Community participation theory claims that participation (i) is a strategy within the health promotion work that aims to involve local residents in the developing work that affects their lives (ii) it creates trust and legitimacy for the development work (iii) it can strengthen people's self- esteem, knowledge and development of new skills and (iv) the level of participation can affect the sustainability and efficiency of social development. A targeted sampling technique was applied to select the interviewees while data collection was performed through semi- structured interviews. Furthermore, manifest content analysis was used to analyze the collected material. Result: Participation as a health promoting strategy was applied by the non-profit organization. The level of participation consisted of partnership, a collaboration with both top-down and bottom-up approach. The co-operation and involvement of local citizens in decision-making processes created trust and legitimacy and enabled the development program to meet local needs and conditions. It also resulted in increased participation in the program's capacity building activities. Conclusion: The involvement of local citizens in decision-making processes created the conditions for the citizen to strengthen the individual and the community empowerment. Keywords: Community participation, empowerment, global sustainability goals, health promotion, local community development

O objetivo desta tese é avaliar criticamente o discurso da sustentabilidade global e seu repasse local nas organizações. Aqui é adotada a perspectiva crítica, sendo a produção do discurso vista como vinculada às condições de existência, mas, com base na dinâmica dialética, o discurso pode ser um agente de mudança e promover novas maneiras de viver. A partir do entendimento da questão da sustentabilidade como resultante da globalização, Milton Santos é nossa inspiração na avaliação da sustentabilidade global enquanto discurso. O autor, ao refletir sobre a globalização considera a existência de três mundos em um só: a globalização como fábula; a globalização como perversidade; e a possibilidade de uma outra globalização. Da mesma maneira entendemos que a sustentabilidade também envolve três discursos em um só. A sustentabilidade é apresentada como solução, salvação do mundo, mas ela encobre que é o grande problema da atualidade, a danação do mundo. Consequência da globalização, a questão da sustentabilidade tem sua base em um modelo econômico perverso, gerador dos aspectos centrais da insustentabilidade global, a saber, de um lado, o aquecimento global e as mudanças climáticas, devido a alta utilização de energias fósseis e a emissão de gás de efeito estufa (GEE); e , de outro, uma pegada ecológica que demanda um planeta e meio, o que indica a sobreexploração e a deterioração dos serviços ecossistêmicos, os quais são o suporte para a vida no planeta. A pesquisa empírica deste estudo mostra que as empresas adotam o discurso da sustentabilidade global, mas não reconhecem sua responsabilidade no impacto sobre o planeta. Mas não precisa ser assim. Podemos dizer que um outro mundo é possível, e escolher seguir um novo caminho, uma outra sustentabilidade. Uma sustentabilidade que está na dimensão das pessoas e das relações com o outro e que, dessa maneira, faz-se presente na categoria dos direitos sociais e da cidadania. A adoção da comunicação como estratégia possível de sustentabilidade é o que nos leva do discurso da sustentabilidade global ao exercício da sustentabilidade enquanto cidadania local. / The objective of this thesis is to critically evaluate the discourse of global sustainability and its transference to the local level, within the organizations. A critical perspective is assumed; with the production of speech perceived as a link for living conditions , yet, based on the dynamic dialectic, the discourse can be a means of change and to promote new ways of living. As from the understanding of the discourse of sustainability as a result of globalization, Milton Santos is our inspiration for reasoning in the appraisal of the discourse of global sustainability. The author, reflecting on globalization considers the existence of three worlds in one: globalization as a fable; globalization as perversity; and the possibility of another globalization. Thereto, we understand that sustainability also involves three discourses in one. Sustainability is presented as a solution, a world\'s salvation, however we are faced with an enormous problem today, the damnation of the world. Consequence of globalization, sustainability is based in a perverse economic model, generator of the key issues of global unsustainability, specifically, on the one hand, global warming and climate changes, due to the high use of fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) ;and on the other hand, an ecological footprint that demands one planet and a half, which indicates over-exploitation and deterioration on the ecosystemic services, as a support for life on the planet. The empirical research of this study shows that companies adopt the discourse of global sustainability, but do not recognize its\' responsibility in the impact on the planet. Nevertheless, it does not need to be in such a way. We can say that another world is possible, and choose to follow a new path, another sustainability. A sustainability that is in the dimension of people and the relationship with others; thereby, becomes present in the category of social rights and citizenship. The adoption of communication as a possible strategy of sustainability is what takes us from the discourse of global sustainability to the exercise of sustainability as local citizenship.

Tidens största utmaning idag är klimatförändringen och dess negativa effekter. En grund till många fall av att politisk instabilitet, hälsorisker och ojämlikheter i mänskliga rättigheter är ohållbara konsumtions- och produktionsmönster som leder till miljöförstöring och sociala orättvisor. Tillväxtverket (2020) utförde en undersökning som har påvisat att närmare hälften av de svenska näringsliv arbetar med ett hållbart arbete. Men å andra sidan är det viktigt att iaktta att arbetet mot hållbar utveckling har utvidgat sig och blivit allt mer komplicerad att uppfylla de senaste decennierna.  Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur de mindre företagen värdesätter FN:s globala hållbarhetsmål 12.4 i två olika branscher, samt hur de aktivt arbetar med att förbättra det. Syftet har uppfyllts genom att författarna genomfört intervjuer med två mindre fallföretag, det ena är Gästrike Ekogas och det andra är St:Eriks. Författarna har därmed genomfört en litteraturstudie i områden som anses relevanta. Studien identifierade två nyckelfaktorer, den första nyckelfaktorer är att Gästrike Ekogas inte arbetar utifrån den globala målen och har därför inte värderingar. För att förbättra arbetet inom hållbarhet har det även påvisats att verksamheten saknar resurser. Den andra nyckelfaktorer som författarna identifierat, är att St:Eriks vision är att de ska vara det självklara valet för hållbar samhällsbyggnad, vilket visar att de har en seriös värdering för hållbarhet. De tar också miljön som ett nyckelområde och har arbetar hårt med det. Eftersom företaget överväger utsläpp av kemiska ämnen och dess konsekvenser arbetar St:Eriks också ständigt för att minska dessa utsläpp med hjälp av sina interna resurser och tredje part. Det har även påvisats för att verksamheten i fråga skall ha en kapabilitet att kombinera ny teknik, förändringar till praxis, med nya affärsmodeller. För att verksamheter lyckligtvis skall anta och implementera en hållbar konsumtion och produktion handlar det i princip om att kräva förändring i organisationens vision och utbildningar. Med tanke på att St:Eriks produkter har en lång livslängd så var det väldigt viktigt för dem att förhålla sig till FN:s 12e globala mål då den innefattar produktion och konsumtion. / The biggest challenge of the time today is climate change and its negative effects. One reason for many cases of political inequality, health risks and human rights inequalities is consumption and production patterns that lead to environmental degradation and injustice. Statistics from the Swedish Agency for Growth (2020) have shown that almost half of Swedish industry works with sustainable work. On the other hand, however, it is important to observe that the work towards sustainable development has expanded and become increasingly complicated to meet the latest conditions.  The purpose of this study is to investigate how highly the smaller companies value the UN's Global Sustainability Goals 12.4 in two different industries, and how they actively work to improve that work. The purpose has been fulfilled by the authors conducting interviews with two case companies, thus the authors have conducted a literature study in areas considered relevant. The study identified two key factors, the first key factor being that Gästrike Ekogas does not work on the basis of the global goals and therefore does not have values. In order to improve the work in sustainability, it has also been demonstrated that the business lacks resources. The other key factor identified by the authors is that St:Erik's vision is that they should be the obvious choice in sustainable community building, which indicates a lot that they have a serious value about sustainability. They also have the environment as a focus area, and which they work with constantly. As the business takes into account the chemical emissions and its consequences, and that St:Eriks also works constantly to reduce these emissions with the help of resources that exist within the business and with the help of third parties.  It has also been demonstrated that the activities in question should have the capability to combine new technologies, changes to practices, with new business models. In order for businesses to fortunately adopt and implement sustainable consumption and production, it is basically about demanding change in the organization's vision and education. Since St:Erik's products have a long lifespan, it was very important for them to relate to the UN's 12th global goals as it includes production and consumption.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-15T16:52:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JACQUELINE LIEDJA ARAUJO SILVA CARVALHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1821177 bytes, checksum: 5edf83fb0f87d1e2e3a52d083f218e97 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-15T16:52:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JACQUELINE LIEDJA ARAUJO SILVA CARVALHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1821177 bytes, checksum: 5edf83fb0f87d1e2e3a52d083f218e97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-26 / O Brasil tem um dos maiores rebanhos bovino leiteiros do mundo. No entanto, apesar de estar entre os grandes produtores mundiais de leite, a pecuária leiteira nacional é bastante heterogênea. Parte de algumas regiões como o Nordeste brasileiro, ainda encontra-se em desenvolvimento para alcançar os padrões de qualidade e quantidade e chegar ao mercado competitivo, como por exemplo, o município de Pombal, que estar localizado no Sertão da Paraíba, área do presente estudo, que é reconhecida em âmbito estadual, por seu potencial leiteiro. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de fazer uma análise da sustentabilidade da bovinocultura leiteira de Pombal, nos seus aspectos institucional (tecnológica), social, econômica e ambiental. Para a execução desse estudo, foram necessárias visitas in loco e aplicação de questionários semi-estruturados, a 50 produtores de leite, pertencentes a trinta e duas áreas rurais desse município. A partir das respostas, foram calculados em indicadores, utilizando o método do PNUD/ONU (1998), cujos resultados variaram de 0 (zero) a 100 (cem) e foram divididos em quatro graus de sustentabilidades: crítico, ruim, bom e excelente. Em seguida, aplicado na fórmula matemática denominada de IGS (Índice Global de Sustentabilidade) desenvolvido por González e Carvajal (2002). Quando o resultado do IGS for menor ou igual a 50%, a atividade apresenta-se no campo da insustentabilidade e será mais sustentável próximo a 100%. Os resultados na dimensão institucional apresentaram índices de 37%, na dimensão social em 58%, ambos considerados graus ruins de sustentabilidade. Na dimensão ambiental índices de 60%, ambos considerados graus bons para a sustentabilidade e, finalmente, a dimensão econômica com grau 36%, em nível ruim para a sustentabilidade. O IGS calculado foi de 47,74% o que não pode ser considerado sustentável. Desta forma, os resultados obtidos identificam que a produção bovina leiteira, de Pombal, necessita de atenção, com mais políticas públicas para o setor, não apenas no aspecto econômico, mas também nas dimensões sociais e ambientais, possibilitando melhorias na qualidade de vida dos envolvidos, como também, na conservação dos recursos naturais. / Brazil has one of the largest dairy cattle herds in the world. However, despite being among the major world producers of milk, the national dairy industry is quite heterogeneous. Part of some regions such as the Brazilian Northeast, is still under development to meet the standards of quality and quantity and get the competitive market, such as the municipality of Pombal, to be located in the backlands of Paraiba, the present study area, which is recognized statewide for its dairy potential. In this context, this study aims to make an analysis of the sustainability of dairy cattle of Pombal, in their institutional (technological), social, economic and environmental aspects. For the execution of this study, site visits and application of semi-structured questionnaires, 50 dairy farmers, belonging to thirty- two rural areas of this municipality were necessary. From the responses, indicators were calculated using the method of UNDP / UN (1998), whose results ranged from 0 (zero) to 100 (one hundred) and were divided into four grades of sustainabilities: critical, poor , good or excellent. Then applied to the mathematical formula called GSI (Global Sustainability Index) developed by González and Carvajal (2002 ). When the result of the IGS is less than or equal to 50%, the activity is presented in the field of unsustainability will be more sustainable and close to 100% . The results presented in the institutional dimension ratios of 37%, the social dimension in 58%, both considered bad grades sustainability. In the environmental dimension ratios of 60%, both considered good grades for sustainability and ultimately the economic dimension with grade 36% in bad for the sustainability level . The calculated IGS was 47.74% which can not be considered sustainable. Thus, the results identify that the dairy cattle production, Pombal, needs attention, most public policies for the sector , not only in economics but also in social and environmental dimensions, enabling improvements in the quality of life of those involved, but also to conserve natural resources.