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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Influence de la phase d’usage dans les enjeux de la rénovation de bâtiments résidentiels écologiques : vers une approche diachronique

Patenaude, Mario 11 1900 (has links)
En Amérique du Nord, les pratiques actuelles de conception de l’industrie de la construction suscitent de nombreux et importants problèmes, tant au niveau environnemental, que social et économique. Certaines tendances conceptuelles, telles que l’industrialisation de la construction, le bâtiment vert, l’approche diachronique et la rationalisation spatiale proposent des moyens afin de répondre à cette problématique. La conception synchronique, qui ne se base encore que sur des besoins immédiats, produit des bâtiments statiques qui ne peuvent accommoder l’évolution des besoins. En plus de la phase d’usage qui se révèle la plus coûteuse en termes de consommation d’énergie, d’eau, de matériaux et de génération de déchets, le bâtiment statique est amené à subir de nombreuses rénovations, profondément délétères pour l’environnement et la situation économique des ménages. Dans une perspective d’opérationnalisation du développement durable, la problématique de recherche concerne la considération de la phase d’usage dans le processus conceptuel de l’habitation. Dans l’optique de favoriser une conception plutôt diachronique, 55 projets de rénovation résidentiels ont été analysés et comparés afin de décrire la nature et l’intensité des interventions effectuées. L’examen des plans avant/après rénovation a permis de quantifier le niveau d’intensité des interventions et ainsi, mettre en relief certaines tendances et récurrences des pratiques actuelles. Dans le but de valider si le bâtiment vert est en mesure de répondre aux enjeux environnementaux contemporains de l’habitation, les contenus de trois programmes de certification utilisés en Amérique du Nord, à savoir BOMA-BESt®, LEED®, et Living Building ChallengeTM, sont analysés. Une classification des stratégies proposées montre la répartition des préoccupations envers le bâtiment, les systèmes et l’usager. Une analyse permet de mettre en relief que les considérations semblent, de façon générale, cohérentes avec les impacts associés à l’habitation. Un examen plus ciblé sur la teneur et les objectifs des stratégies considérant l’usager permet l’émergence de deux ensembles thématiques : les cinq sources potentielles d’impacts (énergie, eau, matériaux, déchets et environnement intérieur), ainsi que les quatre thèmes reliés aux objectifs et aux finalités des stratégies (entretien et surveillance; sensibilisation et formation; modélisation et mesurage; comportement et habitude). La discussion a permis d’émettre des pistes d’écoconception pour permettre à l’habitation d’accommoder l’évolution des besoins des occupants, à savoir la « démontabilité », l’aptitude à l’évolution et l’accessibilité. Des recommandations, telles que la nécessité de mieux prendre en compte l’usager comme facteur d’influence des impacts occasionnés par la phase d’usage, sont ensuite proposées. D’autres suggestions appellent à une concrétisation de la performance en suscitant l’implication, l’engagement, la responsabilisation et l’autonomisation des occupants. Enfin, il semble que certaines modifications des programmes de certification et de la législation en vigueur pourraient favoriser l’émergence d’une vision nouvelle concernant la nécessaire réduction de la superficie habitable. Toutes ces opportunités d’amélioration ont le potentiel de mener ce secteur vers une démarche plus globale et systémique, tout en bonifiant de façon majeure les implications environnementales, économiques et sociales de l’habitation. / In North America, construction industry design practices are linked to varied and important environmental, economic, and social concerns. Conceptual trends, like the industrialization of construction, green building, the diachronic approach, and spatial rationalization have proposed to address these issues. Synchronic housing design, still based only on present-day needs, generates static buildings that cannot accommodate needs that evolve over time. Furthermore, during the use phase, which reveals itself as the most costly in terms of energy, water, materials consumption, and waste generation, static buildings may undergo various renovations that are profoundly deleterious, both to the environment and the household’s economic situation. From a perspective that seeks to operationalize sustainable development, the research problem concerns the consideration of the use phase in the housing design process. In order instead to foster diachronic design, fifty-five residential renovation projects were analyzed and compared in order to describe the nature and intensity of their interventions. A review of before/after renovation plans allowed quantification of intervention intensity and highlighted certain trends and recurrences among current practices. In order to determine if green building can respond to contemporary environmental issues in housing, a content analysis of strategies proposed by three certification programs used in North America—BOMA-BESt®, LEED®, and Living Building ChallengeTM—is conducted. Classification of these strategies reveals the distribution of concerns regarding building, systems, and user. An analysis shows, generally, that considerations seem consistent with the impacts associated with housing. An examination focused on the content and objectives of those design strategies which consider the user yields the emergence of two thematic clusters: five potential sources of impacts (energy, water, materials, waste, and indoor environment) and four themes linked to the design strategies’ objectives and purposes (maintenance and monitoring; awareness and training; modeling and metering; behaviour and habit). Discussion permitted the formulation of ecological design criteria, such as disassembly, updatability, and accessibility, to allow for housing that accommodates occupants’ changing needs. Recommendations are proposed, such as the need for better consideration of the user phase in order to make it more consistent with the impacts it generates. Other suggestions call for making building performance more concrete by encouraging the involvement, commitment, accountability, and empowerment of occupants. Finally, it seems that particular changes in certification programs and legislation could encourage the emergence of a new, much-needed vision for total floor area reduction. All these opportunities for improvement seek to lead the sector toward a more holistic approach and to improve significantly the environmental, economic, and social implications of housing.
102

Sídliště kultury nálevkovitých pohárů v Líbeznicích / A Funnel Beaker culture settlement at Líbeznice

Sosnová, Anežka January 2015 (has links)
The polycultural settlement area in Libeznice (Prague-East district) represents a relatively large complex of many different settlement structures, mostly of Funnel Beaker culture and Hallstat period, as well as three Unetice culture tombs and a skeleton burial probably of La-Téne period. An archaeological excavation, which was caused by the construction of a ring road, took place in the years 2008 and 2009. During the works several dozens of settlement structures of Funnel Beaker culture were uncovered - a large open settlement with a number of long houses and other structures. This thesis follows my bachelor thesis, where a chosen group of sixteen structures is analysed. In this thesis a remaining group of nineteen settlement structures is dealt with and published and its ceramic artefacts and also chipped stone industry, polished stone industry and bone industry are analysed in detail. On the basis of its morphological features coincident with previous results was this settlement dated to the younger period of Funnel Beaker culture, i.e. to the salzmünde phase, followed by a small collection of ceramics of Boleráz phase (Baden culture). Middle Eneolithic period - Funnel Beaker culture - Salzmünde phase - habitation area - Bohemia
103

Důsledky nízké nezaměstnanosti v regionu Rychnov nad Kněžnou pro sociální práci / Consequences of low unemployment for social work in the Rychnov nad Kneznou region

Žid, Marek January 2019 (has links)
1 Abstrakt Diploma thesis "Consequences of low unemployment for social work in the Rychnov nad Kneznou region" concerns about negative consequences of low unemployment on the citizens of the Rychnov nad Kneznou region, especially about impact on traffic and social infrastructure and criminality. The first chapter is given to unemployment overall and to statistics of unemployment in the Czech Republic. The second one brings statistic view of demography and regional unemployment in Rychnov nad Kneznou. The third chapter is focused on foreigners and their statistics in terms of the Czech Republic and the Rychnov nad Kneznou region. In the fourth chapter are described particular negative results caused by low unemployment in this region. The last final chapter contains the practical part where is done examination of citizens' opinions in three chosen microregions about this matters. This examination was done by survey and its result is statement that citizens in the center of happening does not think the situation is as bad as the citizens in other two microregions (which are quite isolated from the core of issues by distance) think it is.
104

[en] RISK AREAS VICTIMS HOUSING RIGHTS: THE CASE OF THE MORRO DO BUMBA IN NITERÓI, RJ / [pt] O DIREITO À MORADIA DE VÍTIMAS DE ÁREAS DE RISCO: O CASO DO MORRO DO BUMBA EM NITERÓI, RJ

ALICE GALVAO DO RIO APA CALHEIROS 13 December 2013 (has links)
[pt] No dia 07/04/2010, devido a fortes chuvas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e municípios vizinhos, o Morro do Bumba, um lixão desativado e urbanizado pelo Estado, localizado no município de Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro, desmoronou, arrastando mais de 50 barracos. Foram cerca de 67 mortos (40 homens e 27 mulheres) e mais de mil desabrigados. Em virtude das dificuldades de moradia muitas famílias foram alojadas em abrigos provisórios considerados inadequados para se viver, com esgoto a céu aberto, instalações precárias e banheiros sem condições higiênicas de uso, à espera de uma política pública de habitação que lhes garantisse o direito à uma moradia digna. Entendemos que um Estado Democrático de Direito deve ser regido por normas democráticas e pelo respeito das autoridades públicas aos direitos e garantias fundamentais, entre eles o direito à moradia. Toda essa tragédia, assim como as dificuldades experimentadas pelas vítimas evidencia o descaso da Administração Pública com a população menos favorecida. O direito à moradia não foi efetivamente garantido seja nos abrigos que, após mais de dois anos da tragédia não podem ser considerados provisórios, seja com a efetiva entrega de unidades habitacionais que não suprem o número de desabrigados em razão da tragédia. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a análise do processo de busca pela garantia do direito à moradia das vítimas do Morro do Bumba, procurando identificar as ações do Poder Público para a efetivação desse direito. Para tanto, analisamos o percurso dessa população que passou pelos abrigos provisórios até a entrega de dois empreendimentos habitacionais, pelo Governo do Estado, que não atenderam à demanda por moradia dessa Comunidade. / [en] On April 4th 2010, heavy rainfall hit the city of Rio de Janeiro and the surrounding region. Morro do Bumba, a hill in the city of Niterói, located in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, collapsed bringing down more than 50 homes, causing the death of 67 (40 males and 27 females) and leaving more than 1000 people unsheltered and homeless. Due to difficulties in offering adequate accommodations to the victims of this disaster, many of them were allocated in temporary shelters unsuitable for adequate housing. Minimum sanitary conditions were not met at these provisional shelters, with precarious installations including open sewers. The victims were imposed these precarious conditions while eagerly awaiting a public habitational policy warranting their right to an adequate housing condition. We understand that a Democratic State of Right should be directed by democratic norms and the public authorities’ respect to the fundamental rights, including amongst these the right to adequate housing. All this tragedy, as well as the difficulties experienced by the victims, outlines the public administration´s negligence in the city of Niteroi with the lower income population. The right to habitation has not been effectively warranted, considering shelters - that more than two years after the tragedy - may not be considered as provisory, and the public authorities’ efforts to offer housing units that does not comply with the number of victims left unhoused by the tragedy. The present work aims to discuss the process to guarantee the housing right to the victims of the disaster in Morro do Bumba, looking to outline the public authorities actions to effectively warrant this right. For this, we analyzed the arduous route faced by this victim population through the provisional shelters up to the conveyance of two habitational enterprises by the States’ Government, which did not comply to this communities’ housing demands.
105

[fr] ESPACE, COULEUR ET HABITATION: LE JEU COMME STRUCTURE ET LIEU DE RENCONTRE, DANS L`OEUVRE DE HÉLIO OITICICA / [pt] ESPAÇO, COR E HABITAÇÃO: O JOGO COMO ESTRUTURA E LUGAR DE ENCONTRO, NA OBRA DE HÉLIO OITICICA

AGUINALDO CONRADO PINTO 17 January 2006 (has links)
[pt] Percorrer o espaço para, enfim, encontrar o humano. Dos Metaesquemas aos Monocromáticos e destes últimos aos Relevos Espaciais, Penetráveis, Bólides, Parangolés etc. Percorrer o espaço para o habitar, e não para o medir, como um metro faria. É esta a via de acesso tomada pelo presente trabalho no intuito de investigar, a partir da produção artística de Hélio Oiticica, as noções de obra de arte como habitação e proximidade e de jogo como horizonte e estrutura fundamental da experiência artística. / [fr] Parcourir l`espace pour, enfin, rencontrer l`humain. Des Meta-schémas aux Monochromatiques et de ceux derniers jusqu`aux Reliefs Spatiaux, Pénétrables, Bolides, Parangolés (parangolé: argot de la ville de Rio de Janeiro des années 50, utilisé par Hélio Oiticica pour nommer beaucoup de ses travaux). Parcourir l`espace pour l`habiter et pas pour le mesurer, comme un mètre l`aurait fait. Celle -ci est la voie d`accès prise par ce travail avec le but de faire des recherches à partir de la production artistique de Hélio Oiticica - la notion de lóeuvre d`art comme habitation et proximité et de jeu comme horizon et structure fondamentale de l`expérience artistique.
106

Pol?tica habitacional em Sumar?: favela S?o Domingos / Habitational politics in Sumar?: slum quarter S?o Domingos

Cruz, Maristela Miranda da 19 May 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARISTELA MIRANDA DA CRUZ.pdf: 3117464 bytes, checksum: 19281fa3e1c20238847dbc3614d0ce39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-19 / The main research objective are the study of housing question of the city of Sumar?, leaving of the history of the construction of its urban space, as well as the origin of the public politics of habitation, approximately from the decade of 1960 until the year of 2008, analyzing particularly the slum quarters, that had been busy for the population that did not have access the housing for the formal real estate market and nor for habitation programs for low income. The research looks for to analyze the slum quarter S?o Domingos, situated in the central region of Sumar? and neighboring area of the Quilombo stream, an area of consolidated occupation, with inhabitants who receive interferences from the public power municipal and considered a risk area. The urban problems are not only municipal, but they become related with the national politics, presenting similarities in the spoliation of the low income worker, basic lacks of job, housing and social investments. / O objetivo principal da pesquisa ? o estudo de problem?ticas habitacionais do munic?pio de Sumar?, partindo da hist?ria da constru??o de seu espa?o urbano, assim como a origem das pol?ticas p?blicas de habita??o, aproximadamente a partir da d?cada de 1960 at? o ano de 2008, analisando particularmente as favelas, que foram ocupadas pela popula??o que n?o teve acesso a moradia pelo mercado imobili?rio formal e nem por programas habitacionais para baixa renda. A pesquisa procura analisar a favela S?o Domingos, situado na regi?o central de Sumar? e no entorno do Ribeir?o Quilombo, uma ?rea de ocupa??o consolidada, com moradores que recebem interfer?ncias do poder p?blico municipal e considerada uma ?rea de risco. Os problemas urbanos n?o s?o apenas municipais, mas relacionam-se com as pol?ticas nacionais, apresentando semelhan?as na espolia??o do trabalhador de baixa renda, car?ncias b?sicas de emprego, moradia e investimentos sociais.
107

Inclusão socioespacial de pessoas com deficiência: os espaços de morar do programa “Minha Casa Minha Vida” na cidade de Ponta Grossa-PR / Socio-spatial inclusion of disabled persons: living spaces of the Housing Programme “My house, my life” in the city of Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil

Lombardi, Anna Paula 10 February 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:15:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Paula Lombardi.pdf: 7692449 bytes, checksum: 40f81502923579eac6728b2ca46ec847 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation reflects on living spaces of disabled persons focusing on their inclusion into the Brazilian Federal Housing Programme “My house, my life” (= Minha Casa Minha Vida). The analysis is based on primary experiences during the implementation phase of the Programme in Ponta Grossa (Paraná, Brazil) in the neighbourhoods of Jardim Athenas, Jardim Roma, Jardim Gralha Azul, Jardim Boreal, and Jardim Recanto Verde. The formulation of the concept of living spaces used in this research is not reduced to the space of habitation adapted to disabled persons but also interpreted in a broader sense. Thus, subjective elements are included like dignity, family relations and relations with neighbours as well as the guarantee of basic and non-basic needs rights, both in a material and non-material sense. The principal research objective is to evaluate the habitation programme in respect to its effects on social inclusion of disabled persons. Therefore, the perception of research “subjects” has been produced via interviews with the subjects themselves. Hereby, it can be concluded that, in fact, moving to the adapted houses of the programme has caused a higher level of living standard in terms of habitation;however, due to the fact that the peripheral localization of the housing areas and its precarious conditions in respect to both material infrastructure and services, has even caused an increased socio-spatial exclusion of disabled persons. / Essa dissertação apresenta uma reflexão a respeito dos espaços de morar de pessoas com deficiência (PcD). Toma-se como referência a inclusão destes no Programa de habitação “Minha Casa Minha Vida”, política pública do governo federal. A análise se dá a partir das primeiras experiências de implementação do programa em Ponta Grossa/PR: Jardim Athenas, Jardim Roma, Jardim Gralha Azul, Jardim Boreal e Jardim Recanto Verde. A construção do conceito de espaço de morar, efetuada nesse trabalho, não se restringe ao espaço da habitação adaptada às PcD, sendo mais abrangente. Nela se propagam elementos subjetivos como dignidade, espaço de relações familiares e entre os membros circunvizinhos, bem como, garantia do direito à satisfação das necessidades básicas e não básicas, materiais e imateriais. O objetivo principal da pesquisa é avaliar se este programa de habitação vem proporcionando a efetiva inclusão socioespacial de PcD. A percepção dos “sujeitos” de pesquisa foi analisada a partir das informações provenientes de entrevistas realizadas com os mesmos. Conclui-se que a mudança para a casa adaptada proporcionou maior qualidade de vida em termos de habitação, todavia, dada a situação de precariedade de infraestrutura (equipamentos e serviços) dos conjuntos e sua localização periférica, assiste-se a uma ampliação na exclusão socioespacial destes.
108

Pela Navalha - Cotidiano, Moradia e Intimidade.

Spinosa, Vanessa 12 April 2005 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaSpinosa[1].pdf: 947131 bytes, checksum: 8ebe960fff6030ce346143ecdf31de58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-12 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The challenge of this work is to discuss the daily life of Belém of Para in the 30´s and also the urban growing of the city that was appearing between changes and permanence. This research intends to contribute for Amazon regional historiography and also discuss about daily life, family, sensibilities, urbanity and popular way of life. Thus, the research has focused crime process of deflower and body lesion among other various historical sources: magazines, memories, albums, statistic boards. This rich and diverse documental framework was able to investigate different dimensions of popular way of life in Belém, their stile of life, their residences, their intimacy, their relationships and feelings. Therefore, historical agents and their residences places were emphasized, especially those who lives in pensions, tenement house, giving a especial attention to details of intimate spaces and the straight relations between it and the dwellers. The neighborhood was another essential point of the analyzes, seeking the comprehension of personal relationship, such as assistance and solidarity, vigilance and interferences, tensions and love affair among different agents with different jobs, such as public functionary, homemaker and stevedore. In additions to this, the research tried to raise questions of sensibility, discussing behaviors, love and affective choices, and how conjugal relationship used to happen among common people. The ideals of marriage and the concubinage were explained, giving evidence to how love and conjugal choices were made, and also how were consolidated the multiples ways of familiar constitutions, some more related to the living together and others related to the choices that were legitimated by the society and by those social agents that where close to them. / Discutir o cotidiano de Belém do Pará na década de 1930 é o desafio desses escritos, bem como a expansão urbana da cidade, que foi aparecendo com suas contradições entre mudanças e permanências. Essa investigação busca contribuir para a historiografia regional da Amazônia, também com as discussões sobre cotidiano, família, sensibilidades, urbanidade e modos de vida nas camadas populares. Para tanto, a pesquisa focalizou processos-crime de defloramento e de lesão corporal, entre diversas outras fontes: revistas, memórias, álbum e tabelas censitárias. Esse vasto e diversificado arcabouço documental possibilitou a investigação de diferentes dimensões do cotidiano dos populares na cidade, suas formas de vida e moradia, suas intimidades, seus relacionamentos e suas afetividades. Nesse sentido, os sujeitos históricos e seus locais de moradia foram enfatizados, tendo destacado o morar em pensões, casas e estâncias, com um detalhamento dos espaços íntimos e da relação direta deles com seus moradores. A vizinhança foi outro ponto essencial da análise, buscando-se perceber os relacionamentos interpessoais, as formas de apoio e solidariedade, vigilância e interferências, tensões e relacionamentos amorosos, entre diferentes sujeitos sociais de várias ocupações, tais como funcionários públicos, donas de casa e estivadores. Buscou-se, ainda, destacar as questões das sensibilidades, discutindo os comportamentos, as escolhas amorosas e afetivas e como se efetivavam os vínculos conjugais entre os populares. Os ideais de união matrimonial e os amasiamentos foram aventados, ressaltando-se como eram feitas as opções amorosas e/ou conjugais e como eram consolidadas as várias formas de vida a dois, os múltiplos arranjos familiares, alguns mais atrelados ao morar junto , e a escolhas legitimadas pelo meio social e com quem os sujeitos conviviam e circulavam no cotidiano.
109

[en] FIBER SOIL CONSTRUCTION: A CASE STUDY CONCERNING THE RECOVERY OF MUD WALL TECHNIQUES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HUMID TROPICAL CLIMATE ENVIRONMENTS / [pt] CONSTRUÇÃO COM FIBROSOLO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE O RESGATE DA TÉCNICA DE TAIPA, E SEUS EFEITOS NO AMBIENTE DE CLIMA TROPICAL ÚMIDO COM ESTAÇÃO SECA E CHUVAS DE VERÃO

FERNANDO BETIM PAES LEME 03 December 2003 (has links)
[pt] A busca de modelos de desenvolvimento que minimizem ao máximo o impacto sobre o ambiente em que vivemos é o ideal a ser alcançado. Os benefícios proporcionados através dos objetos construídos pelo homem neste ambiente são reflexos de uma interferência adequada ao espaço habitado. Neste trabalho esta interferência é produzida pelas construções habitacionais. No bairro do Monteiro, área rural do município de Itamonte-MG, notou-se um processo de deterioração e empobrecimento dos conhecimentos construtivos tradicionais, inclusive a taipa. Apesar da eficiência destas construções, observou-se a gradativa degradação de alguns modos construtivos tradicionais no local. Os conhecimentos originais, de manejo de materiais adequado ao clima e local, foram abandonados e esquecidos. O trabalho de pesquisa que se apresenta aqui tem como objetivo fazer das técnicas construtivas consagradas, e que se utilizam de solo cru, um objeto de estudo a fim de resgatar conhecimentos e procedimentos, aperfeiçoá-los, adaptá-los a determinado local e mantê-los em desenvolvimento. A aplicação da metodologia do Laboratório de Investigação em Living Design ( LILD), será a base de sustentação dos experimentos que se realizarão ao longo do trabalho. Resumidamente esta metodologia propõe primeiramente após um estudo das características do contexto local, experimentos iniciais e empíricos, em campo e em laboratório, tendo sempre a participação e atuação dos membros da comunidade. A investigação tem prosseguimento com ensaios científicos, que permitem o controle e o aperfeiçoamento nos procedimentos utilizados em tais técnicas. Posteriormente a estas etapas aplicam-se novamente outros experimentos práticos no campo e novamente com participação da comunidade. Do compartilhamento das atividades do pesquisador e dos obreiros locais, resultou uma troca de informações que permitiu a aplicação do aprendizado da produção e da pesquisa num mesmo objeto. Aparecem com destaque no percurso do trabalho, experimentos que demonstraram a importância da utilização das fibras, não somente como agente estabilizador do solo, mas permitindo sim, novas possibilidades de vedações leves, principalmente como elemento definidor de compósitos em forma de lâminas e cascas. / [en] Our goal is the search for development models that minimize environment impact. The benefits deriving from mans constructed objects on these environments reflect an adequate interference to the inhabited space. The resulting interference from habitation constructions is described. A process of deterioration and impoverishment of traditional constructive knowledge, including mud wall, was detected in the rural area of Monteiro, district of Itamonte in Minas Gerais, Brazil. In spite of the efficiency of these types of construction, the gradual degradation of some of the traditional constructive modes was verified. The original knowledge concerning the adequacy of materials to the climate and locality was abandoned and forgotten. The present research aims at studying the known constructive techniques, which use raw soil in order to recover their knowledge and procedures, to improve and adapt them to a certain place, and keep their development. The methodology of the Laboratory of Investigation in Living Design - LILD supports the experiments done along the work. In a few words, the methodology proposes a context study of local characteristics performing initial empiric experiments. This work is carried out at Monteiro and in the laboratory, always counting on the participation of community members. The investigation follows with scientific tests that allow for the control and improvement of procedures adopted in the studied techniques. The next step is to go back to the rural area and make other practical experiments, again, with the participation of community members. The result of shared activities between the researcher and local workers was the exchange of information concerning the production and the research itself, which allowed for the application of learned knowledge in the same object. Experiments along the way demonstrate the importance of utilizing fibers, not only as agents to stabilize soil, but also allowing for new light sealing possibilities, especially as main elements of composites in the form of plates and barks.
110

A casa (própria) alugada no Programa de Arrendamento Residencial: questões da política pública habitacional e o caso do Residencial Cavalari na cidade de Marília - SP / The real statement leasing (housing projects) at the Programa de Arrendamento Residencial: habitational public politics issues and the study of case Residencial Cavalari in the city of Marília - SP

Araujo, Ana Cristina da Silva 03 December 2007 (has links)
O trabalho trata das questões que permeiam a relação entre provisão de habitação sob a forma de arrendamento, e a política pública habitacional, discutindo conceitos arraigados no ideário da população brasileira, muito em função das noções intrínsecas ao modelo tradicional de aquisição do imóvel que caracterizou a política pública habitacional das últimas décadas. A partir da abordagem de paradigmas como o do estímulo à propriedade, da incorporação conflituosa da habitação como mercadoria e não como um direito e da disseminação do conceito da casa própria, avança-se no estabelecimento de quadro de referência do Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR) sob o prisma do rompimento destes paradigmas, descrevendo as diretrizes e expondo os mecanismos através da compilação da legislação do PAR, resgatando o processo de implementação do programa na cidade de Marília - SP, pontuando a participação de cada agente institucional diretamente envolvido, objetivando no estudo de caso do Residencial Cavalari a verificação prática do programa e de novos paradigmas pertinentes à política pública habitacional sob a forma de arrendamento residencial. Utilizam-se como recursos metodológicos a pesquisa documental, pesquisa com os arrendatários e entrevista com os agentes envolvidos. O estudo resulta na caracterização de um empreendimento do PAR, no registro do processo de implementação do programa em Marília e na análise da atuação dos agentes envolvidos. / This paper approaches questions about the relation between the habitational provision as the real statement leasing (housing projects), the public habitational politics, discussing concepts that come from the bottom of the braziliam people\'s knowledge, due to strong standards from the traditional real statement acquisition way that characterized the public hatitational politics during the last decades. From the boarding of paradigms as the real statement incentive, from the interpretation of the difficult habitation\'s acquisition as a merchandise instead of a right and the dissemination of real statement\'s concept, it is possible to go forward into the configuration of the Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR) under the disruption of this paradigms, describing lines of direction and displaying the mechanisms through the compilation of the PAR\'s legislation, rescuing the program\'s process of implementation in Marília (São Paulo), showing the participation of each directly connected institutional agent involved. This paper also intends to verify the program in action through the study of case at the Residencial Cavalari and the new paradigms that are pertinent to the public habitational politic as the real statement leasing (housing projects). The documental research is used as methodology resource as also the research through investigation and interviews with involved agents. The research results in the characterization of a PAR\'s enterprise, on the record of the program\'s implementation in Marília and the analysis of the involved agents\' performance.

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