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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
181

Nouveaux matériaux laser dopés à l'ytterbium : performances en pompage par diode et étude des effets thermiques.

Chenais, Sébastien 20 December 2002 (has links) (PDF)
Ce travail a comme but l'étude de nouveaux cristaux dopés à l'ion ytterbium, pour le développement de lasers efficaces (et éventuellement accordables) émettant vers 1 µm. La première partie traite des performances laser en pompage par diode de forte puissance (10-15 W) de nouveaux cristaux : l'Yb:GGG, l'Yb:GdCOB, l'Yb:BOYS (et l'Yb:CaBOYS), l'Yb:SYS et l'Yb:YSO. L'efficacité, l'accordabilité, et le comportement thermique de ces matériaux est discutée, et illustrée, lorsque cela est pertinent, par une comparaison entre matériaux voisins. Les effets thermiques limitent la montée en puissance dans la plupart de ces nouveaux matériaux : leur étude détaillée fait l'objet de la seconde partie. Nous commençons par une synthèse théorique sur les effets thermiques et thermomécaniques dans les lasers solides. Après une description des différentes méthodes expérimentales d'investigation des effets thermiques, nous décrivons le banc de mesure que nous avons mis en place. Il est basé sur un analyseur de front d'onde de Shack-Hartmann, et il permet la mesure des lentilles thermiques (et de leurs aberrations) dans des configurations de pompage longitudinal, en présence (ou non) d'effet laser. Nous décrivons les caractéristiques et les limitations de cet outil en détail. Des mesures de lentilles thermiques sont ensuite rapportées, pour la première fois, dans des matériaux dopés à l'ytterbium. Nous avons mis en évidence d'importants effets non radiatifs qui contribuent à la charge thermique, contrairement à ce qui est généralement admis. Nous détaillons alors comment, avec un modèle analytique simple, on peut déduire de ces mesures le rendement quantique et le coefficient thermo-optique des matériaux considérés. Nous avons également mis en évidence expérimentalement l'influence de la longueur d'onde laser sur la charge thermique, la réduction des effets thermiques dans des cristaux composites, ou encore la contribution significative de l'effet photoélastique à la lentille thermique dans l'Yb:GdCOB.
182

Von furioso zu risoluto: Betrachtungen zu den Manuskripten der Sonate 27. April 1945 von Karl Amadeus Hartmann

Jermann, Benjamin 01 October 2024 (has links)
Nach der Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten nahm der deutsche Komponist Karl Amadeus Hartmann (1905–1963) eine radikal antifaschistische Haltung ein. Während der 12 Jahre dauernden Diktatur konnte er nur wenige Werke zur Aufführung bringen und zog sich in die »innere Emigration« zurück. 1945 war er deshalb weitgehend unbekannt, galt aber bei den US-Besatzern als absolut nicht kompromittiert. Bis Kriegsende entfaltete Hartmann seine Musiksprache in der politischen Auseinandersetzung. In diesem Zusammenhang verwendete er gern Zitate und Widmungen, um auf politische, soziale und kulturelle Begebenheiten hinzuweisen. Die Klaviersonate 27. April 1945 bezieht sich mit der Datierung auf den Todesmarsch von Dachauer KZ-Häftlingen. Sie liegt in zwei Manuskripten vor. Drei bzw. (im Manuskript II) zwei Sätze nehmen Partisanen- und Arbeiterlieder auf. Im Bestreben, die Zitate in einen anderen ästhetischen Kontext zu integrieren, entsteht eine interessante Beziehung zwischen Original und Bearbeitung. In diesem Artikel sollen einige Aspekte von Hartmanns Umgang mit den Zitaten thematisiert werden. Dabei wird vor allem zu den Publikationen von Hanns-Werner Heister Bezug genommen. Im Fokus steht der Finalsatz von Manuskript II. / After the National Socialist Party had seized power, German composer Karl Amadeus Hartmann (1905–1963) took a radical antifascist stance. Only a few of his compositions were performed during the 12 years of the Third Reich, and Hartmann withdrew into “inner emigration”. The occupation forces considered Hartmann the most uncompromising of all German musicians. In his oeuvre, Hartmann made use of quotations and dedications to refer to political, social and cultural events. One notable piece is the piano sonata 27. April 1945 – referring to the death march of Dachau concentration camp prisoners on that day. Two manuscripts exist: Three (or two in manuscript II) movements quote partisans’ and workers’ songs. In an effort to integrate the quotations into a different aesthetic context, an interesting relationship between the original and the adaptation is created. In this paper, I will discuss some aspects of Hartmann’s handling of the quotations. Particular reference is made to the publications of Hanns-Werner Heister. This paper focusses on the final movement of manuscript II.
183

Wave aberrations in ophthalmic progressive power lenses and impact on visual quality. / Aberraciones en lentes oftálmicas de potencia progresiva y su impacto en la calidad visual.

Villegas Ruiz, Eloy Ángel 27 November 2009 (has links)
Las lentes progresivas (LP) para gafas es una solución muy extendida para la presbicia, ya que proporcionan una visión continua a todas las distancias debido a un cambio progresivo de potencia. En este trabajo se han medido las aberraciones de frente de onda espacialmente resueltas y la calidad visual en estas lentes. Además del astigmatismo que aumenta periféricamente, también se han encontrado pequeños valores de aberraciones de tercer orden, coma y trefoil, que producen un bajo deterioro de la calidad óptica y visual. El logaritmo de métricas sobre la PSF del sistema lente con ojo son las que mejor predicen la agudeza visual. Durante la primera semana de adaptación, no se aprecia una mejora significativa de la agudeza visual a través de distintas zonas de las LPs. Al comparar diferentes LPs, las aberraciones, principalmente el astigmatismo, se comporta como un colchón de agua, que se puede mover pero no eliminar. / Progressive lenses (PL) are designed to provide continuous vision at all distances by means a progressive change in spherical power from upper to lower zones. In this thesis, we measure the spatially resolved aberrations and the visual quality of PLs. In addition to astigmatism, third order aberrations, coma and trefoil, are also found in the PLs, but the impact of these aberrations on visual performance is limited. The logarithm of metrics on the PSF of the entire system eye plus PL are the parameters that best predict the visual acuity. There is not a significant improvement of visual acuity through the different zones of the PLs during the first week of adaptation. The current designs of PLs are somehow similar to a waterbed, with the aberrations, mainly astigmatism, being the water: they can be moved but they cannot be eliminated.
184

Reflexe hodnot v sociální práci se zaměřením na práci v Charitě / Reflection of Values in Social Work focused on Charity Work.

BAZALOVÁ, Eva January 2012 (has links)
The diploma thesis deals with an analysis of a concept of a value on the basis of the selected literature. It tries to point out a connection of ethical theories with a practical human behaviour. It has been structured from an explanation of key concepts as ethics, morality, manners; it examines a word of the value and fundamental philosophical theories which are associated with values. In detail it analyses the values in terms of so called philosophy of the material and formal subjectivism. It focuses on representatives of the phenomenology - Max Scheler, Nikolai Hartmann and Dietrich von Hildebrand. It specifies approaches to the values as well as in terms of a human personality, especially from a perspective of the analytical psychology. The thesis shows an importance of the values in the practical application - in the professional ethics of social work, where ethical codes provide an orientation for employees. Caritas Czech Republic was chosen as a model organization. That is also why a theological perspective on the values has been mentioned and basic values and principles of the Code of Caritas Czech Republic as well. This study should be a stimulus for a further exploration of the concept of the value and its significance for human beings. It considers the values to be a fundamental motivation that will lead mankind to a good behaviour (virtues) in the future.
185

Přední náprava vysokovýkonného sportovního vozu / Front Axle of a High-performance Sports Car

Hrudík, Jan January 2011 (has links)
Tato diplomová práce byla psána při studentské zahraniční stáži, pod záštitou Evropské Unie – program „ERASMUS Student Mobility for Placement“. Stáž byla absolvována mezi prosincem 2010 a květnem 2011 ve společnosti a.d.Tramontana, mající sídlo v Palau de Santa Eulália, Španělsko. Pro kompletní návrh podvozku a odpružení jakéhokoli vozidla je nezbytná znalost mnoha technických disciplín. Tato diplomová práce se zabývá dvěma z nich – odpružení a řízení. Nejprve je rozebrána teorie, na kterou se může navázat v praktické části práce. Velká pozornost byla věnována srozumitelnosti textu a názornosti obrázků, bez zbytečných detailů, avšak bez vynechání důležitého. Tuto práci je tedy možné užít jako prvního kroku před návrhem podvozku. V další části je popsáno, jak byla probraná teorie využita při návrhu řízení u skutečného vozu, přičemž největší pozornost je věnována Ackermannově teorii řízení a geometrii zabraňující samořízení při propružení. V závěrečných částech je pozornost věnována ukázce některých z každodenních činností v malosériové výrobě automobilů – jde o zjištění maximálně možného pohybu kola při propružení a proces výroby příčných trojúhelníkových ramen včetně návrhu jejich připevnění k šasi.
186

Efficient Minimum Cycle Mean Algorithms And Their Applications

Supriyo Maji (9158723) 23 July 2020 (has links)
<p>Minimum cycle mean (MCM) is an important concept in directed graphs. From clock period optimization, timing analysis to layout optimization, minimum cycle mean algorithms have found widespread use in VLSI system design optimization. With transistor size scaling to 10nm and below, complexities and size of the systems have grown rapidly over the last decade. Scalability of the algorithms both in terms of their runtime and memory usage is therefore important. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Among the few classical MCM algorithms, the algorithm by Young, Tarjan, and Orlin (YTO), has been particularly popular. When implemented with a binary heap, the YTO algorithm has the best runtime performance although it has higher asymptotic time complexity than Karp's algorithm. However, as an efficient implementation of YTO relies on data redundancy, its memory usage is higher and could be a prohibitive factor in large size problems. On the other hand, a typical implementation of Karp's algorithm can also be memory hungry. An early termination technique from Hartmann and Orlin (HO) can be directly applied to Karp's algorithm to improve its runtime performance and memory usage. Although not as efficient as YTO in runtime, HO algorithm has much less memory usage than YTO. We propose several improvements to HO algorithm. The proposed algorithm has comparable runtime performance to YTO for circuit graphs and dense random graphs while being better than HO algorithm in memory usage. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Minimum balancing of a directed graph is an application of the minimum cycle mean algorithm. Minimum balance algorithms have been used to optimally distribute slack for mitigating process variation induced timing violation issues in clock network. In a conventional minimum balance algorithm, the principal subroutine is that of finding MCM in a graph. In particular, the minimum balance algorithm iteratively finds the minimum cycle mean and the corresponding minimum-mean cycle, and uses the mean and cycle to update the graph by changing edge weights and reducing the graph size. The iterations terminate when the updated graph is a single node. Studies have shown that the bottleneck of the iterative process is the graph update operation as previous approaches involved updating the entire graph. We propose an improvement to the minimum balance algorithm by performing fewer changes to the edge weights in each iteration, resulting in better efficiency.</p> <p><br></p> <p>We also apply the minimum cycle mean algorithm in latency insensitive system design. Timing violations can occur in high performance communication links in system-on-chips (SoCs) in the late stages of the physical design process. To address the issues, latency insensitive systems (LISs) employ pipelining in the communication channels through insertion of the relay stations. Although the functionality of a LIS is robust with respect to the communication latencies, such insertion can degrade system throughput performance. Earlier studies have shown that the proper sizing of buffer queues after relay station insertion could eliminate such performance loss. However, solving the problem of maximum performance buffer queue sizing requires use of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) of which runtime is not scalable. We formulate the problem as a parameterized graph optimization problem where for every communication channel there is a parameterized edge with buffer counts as the edge weight. We then use minimum cycle mean algorithm to determine from which edges buffers can be removed safely without creating negative cycles. This is done iteratively in the similar style as the minimum balance algorithm. Experimental results suggest that the proposed approach is scalable. Moreover, quality of the solution is observed to be as good as that of the MILP based approach.</p><p><br></p>
187

EINBLENDUNGEN. Teil 2: DINGE

Praetorius-Rhein, Johannes Praetorius-Rhein, Lea Wohl von Haselberg, Wohl von Haselberg, Lea 19 January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
188

Programmable ultrashort highly localized wave packets

Bock, Martin 01 October 2013 (has links)
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Konzept der radial nicht-oszillierenden, zeitlich stabilen ultrakurzen Bessel ähnlichen Strahlen oder "Nadelstrahlen" ("needle beams"), die zu einer Klasse von optischen hochlokalisierten Wellenpaketen generalisiert werden. Hierbei wird die Theorie über das räumlich-zeitlichen Ausbreitungsverhaltens von nicht auseinanderdriftenden Nadelstrahlen mit Pulsdauern von kleiner als 10 fs näher diskutiert. Dies wird durch eine systematische Darstellung der Methoden zur Generierung und Detektierung von lokalisierten Wellen komplettiert, die ein optischen Drehmoment tragen. Für die Erzeugung von HLWs kommen räumliche Lichtmodulatoren zum Einsatz, die ein flexibles Zuschneiden von Wellenpaketen mit der Dauer weniger Zyklen des EM-Feldes erlauben. Es wird gezeigt, dass solche optischen Pulse sich über beträchtliche Entfernungen ausbreiten, ohne dass sich dabei signifikant der Strahldurchmesser vergrößert oder der Puls zeitlich verbreitert. In variabler Weise werden verschiedene geometrische (z.B. ringförmige) Lichtverteilungen erzeugt. Anwendungspotential findet sich insbesondere in den Techniken der räumlichen Pulsformung und Diagnostik. Als besonders wichtiger Ansatz ist der Zeit-Wellenfront-Sensor zu erwähnen, welcher die nichtlineare, mehrkanalige Autokorrelation, die Wellenfrontdetektion mittels nichtdiffraktiver Teilstrahlen nach dem Shack-Hartmann-Prinzip und eine adaptive Funktionalität miteinander vorteilhaft verbindet. Das enorme Potential solcher Ansätze wird durch die hohe Genauigkeit orts-, winkel- und zeitabhängiger Rekonstruktionen der Wellenpakete nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht das räumliche Kodieren und anschließende Verfolgen der Teilstrahlen eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Identifikation relevanter Parameter von Verteilungsfunktionen. Schließlich werden erste Schritte zur experimentellen Generation von optischen "light bullets" mit ganzzahligen und fraktalen orbitalen Drehmomenten präsentiert. / This thesis deals with the concept of radially non-oscillating, temporally stable ultrashort-pulsed Bessel-like beams or "needle pulses", which are an example of a highly localized wave packet (HLW). HLWs are the closest approximation of linear-optical light bullets and provide specific benefits compared to conventional Gaussian-like light bullets. The spatio-temporally nonspreading propagation behavior of few-cycle needle beams of less than 10 fs duration will be theoretically discussed in detail. An overview of the generation and detection of localized waves carrying an orbital angular momentum is also given. High fidelity spatial light modulators are used for the generation of HLWs. The flexible tailoring of few-cycle wave packets at near-infrared wavelengths is reported. It is shown that such pulses propagate over a huge depth of focus, neither significantly changing their spot size or nor the pulse duration. Variable geometrical distributions like circular disks, rings, or bars of light are shaped and exploited as building blocks for structures of higher complexity. Another section of the thesis emphasizes the numerous potential applications of related techniques for an optimized two-dimensional spatial pulse shaping and diagnostics (reduce ambiguities) based on localized waves. As a particularly important example, time-wavefront sensing is used to combine nonlinear multichannel autocorrelation with Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing by means of localized sub-beams and adaptive functionality. The capabilities of such devices are illustrated by the results of angular and temporal mapping of few-cycle wave packets. Moreover, spatial encoding and subsequent tracking of individual sub-beams, even at incident angles of up to 50°, enables to significantly improve the spot recognition. Finally, first steps towards the generation of optical light bullets carrying integer or non-integer orbital angular momenta are presented.

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