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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Aspectos imunológicos do caramujo Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1827) sob condições de estivação induzida

SILVA, Bárbara Brooklyn Timóteo Nascimento 21 February 2014 (has links)
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-07-19T13:52:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbara Brooklyn Timoteo Nascimento Silva.pdf: 534821 bytes, checksum: 10562bfdf804ec2c27773d76d75cefab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-19T13:52:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbara Brooklyn Timoteo Nascimento Silva.pdf: 534821 bytes, checksum: 10562bfdf804ec2c27773d76d75cefab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1827) is a pulmonate gastropod that has a large dependence on humidity, Ampullaridae belongs to the family whose geographic distribution includes almost all the Neotropical Region , which inhabits waters of course slow and stagnate. Pulmonate gastropods have a conspicuous ecological feature, aestivation, which is a form of resistance and adaptation probably best defined as a survival strategy to cope with the arid conditions, but is also typically associated with lack of food availability, and often with high ambient temperatures. During these periods of aestivation some physiological aspects can be changed, as in molluscs, most of these is temperature dependent and can be altered by its variation, including the activity of the immune system. The innate immune system of invertebrates involves humoral and cellular response similar to that found in vertebrates. The cellular defenses occurs in combination with humoral defenses. Humoral responses include the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and phenol oxidase enzyme activity, and cellular immune reactions are performed by hemocytes, performing, among other functions, encapsulation and phagocytosis of the pathogen. Thus, this research aimed to obtain information on some immunological parameters snail P. lineata in conditions of induced aestivation. The snails were induced to aestivation through the gradual withdrawal of water in the aquarium and abstention from food, getting in these conditions for 60 days. After this period, hemolymph of 40 individuals were collected for analysis of the total haemocyte count, measurement of nitric oxide, phenol oxidase activity and total protein. The results revealed that animals under aestivation showed a significant increase in the total number of hemocytes and measurement of nitric oxide, which may confer greater chance of survival. / Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1827) é um gastrópode pulmonado que apresenta uma grande dependência da umidade, pertencente à família Ampullaridae cuja distribuição geográfica inclui quase toda a Região Neotropical, na qual habita águas de curso lento e estagnadas. Gastrópodes pulmonados apresentam uma característica ecológica conspícua, a estivação, que é uma forma de resistência e adaptação provavelmente melhor definida como uma estratégia de sobrevivência para lidar com as condições áridas, mas também é tipicamente associada com a falta de disponibilidade de alimentos e, frequentemente, com as altas temperaturas ambientais. Durante estes períodos de estivação alguns aspectos fisiológicos podem ser alterados, pois nos moluscos, a maioria desses, é dependente da temperatura e podem ser alterados pela sua variação, incluindo a atividade do sistema imunitário. O sistema imunológico inato dos invertebrados envolve a resposta celular e humoral similarmente ao encontrado nos vertebrados. As defesas celulares ocorrem em combinação com as defesas humorais. As respostas humorais, incluem a produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) e óxido nítrico (NO) e a atividade da enzima fenoloxidase, e as reações imunes celulares são realizadas pelos hemócitos, que executam, dentre outras funções, o encapsulamento e fagocitose do patógeno. Assim, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo obter informações sobre alguns parâmetros imunológicos do caramujo P. lineata em condições de estivação induzida. Os caramujos foram induzidos à estivação através da retirada gradual de água no aquário e abstenção de alimento, ficando nestas condições por 60 dias. Após este período, hemolinfa de 40 indivíduos foram coletadas para as análises de contagem total de hemócitos, dosagem de óxido nítrico, atividade da fenoloxidase e proteínas totais. Os resultados revelaram que os animais estivantes apresentavam um aumento significativo no número total de hemócitos e na dosagem de óxido nítrico, o que pode conferir maior chance de sobrevivência.
62

Rejet en transplantation cardiaque : au-delà du C4d, les nouveaux marqueurs biologiques, immunologiques et cellulaires / Rejection in heart transplantation : new cellular, biological and immunological markers and biomarkers beyond C4d

Tible, Marion 29 September 2014 (has links)
La transplantation cardiaque est aujourd'hui la seule option de traitement à long terme pour les patients souffrant d'insuffisance cardiaque terminale. Malgré des progrès considérables dans les traitements immunosuppresseurs, le rejet d'allogreffe reste une cause majeure de la perte du greffon. Dans ce domaine, des études récentes ont souligné l'importance du rejet humoral (AMR) comme un facteur contributif important à l’évolution, précoce ou tardive, de la maladie vasculaire du greffon et, in fine, à la perte de ce greffon. La pierre angulaire du diagnostic de rejet repose sur la biopsie endomyocardique (BEM) et l'évaluation histopathologique classique. Cependant, les épisodes de rejet observés sont aujourd'hui plus rares et plus complexes qu'auparavant, du fait de la présence de formes tronquées, indolentes et mixtes empêchant un diagnostic précis avec une évaluation conventionnelle. En outre, la BEM est une procédure invasive, entrainant des coûts importants, un inconfort pour le patient et un risque non négligeable de complications graves. Par conséquent, l'évaluation histologique conventionnelle ne reflète pas la complexité du rejet de greffe cardiaque et a besoin d'améliorations en termes de diagnostic. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse explore deux types de biomarqueurs, la voie mTOR, marqueur in situ, et les micro-ARNs, marqueurs circulants, qui permettraient une meilleure classification du rejet et constitueraient une aide diagnostique et/ou prédictive à la pratique clinique quotidienne lors du suivi des patients transplantés. / Cardiac transplantation is currently the only option for long-term treatment for patients with terminal heart failure. Despite considerable advances in immunosuppressive therapy, allograft rejection remains a major cause of graft loss. In this regard, recent studies have highlighted the importance of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) as an important contributory factor in the evolution of vascular graft disease and, ultimately, graft loss. The cornerstone of the rejection diagnosis is based on endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) and the classical histopathological evaluation. However, rejection episodes observed today are becoming scarce and more complex than before, due to the presence of truncated, indolent and mixed forms preventing an accurate diagnosis with a conventional assessment. In addition, the biopsy is an invasive procedure, resulting in significant costs, discomfort for the patient and a significant risk of serious complications. Therefore, conventional histological assessment does not reflect the complexity of cardiac transplant rejection and needs improvement in terms of diagnosis. The work presented in this thesis explores two types of biomarkers, the mTOR pathway, an in situ marker, and the micro-RNAs, circulating markers that would allow a better classification of rejection and provide diagnosis and/or predictive help to daily clinical practice during the monitoring of transplant patients.
63

Réponse humorale alloimmune après greffe d’îlots pancréatiques : caractéristiques et impact sur la fonction du greffon / Humoral alloimmune response of pancreatic islet recipients : characteristics and impact on graft function

Chen, Chien-Chia 20 March 2017 (has links)
Le diabète de type 1 est une maladie auto-immune chronique fréquente au cours l'enfance qui résulte de la destruction des cellules ß des îlots de Langerhans produisant l'insuline (seule hormone régulant la glycémie).Contrairement à l'administration d'insuline exogène, la greffe d'îlots pancréatiques restaure une production endogène d'insuline et prévient ainsi plus efficacement la morbi-mortalité résultant du diabète.Malheureusement, la fonction des îlots greffés diminue avec le temps du fait de la réponse alloimmune qui se développe contre les molécules HLA spécifiques du donneur. Le système immunitaire adaptatif du receveur peut détruire les îlots allogéniques par deux mécanismes: le rejet cellulaire impliquant les lymphocytes T cytotoxiques et le rejet humoral (RH) impliquant les anticorps anti-donneur (ASD).Alors qu'en transplantation d'organe, le RH est reconnu comme la principale cause de perte des organes, son rôle dans la greffe d'îlots est encore mal défini.Notre objectif est de: i) caractériser la réponse humorale allo-spécifique après greffe d'îlots, et ii) déterminer l'impact des ASD sur la fonction du greffon.Notre travail confirme que la greffe d'îlots est un évènement immunisant pour les receveurs. Le risque de développer des ASD augmente après réduction/arrêt des immunosuppresseurs. Cependant, à l'inverse de la transplantation d'organe, les ASD n'ont pas d'effet délétère sur la survie du greffon en clinique. En utilisant des modèles murins, nous démontrons que les îlots allogéniques sont résistants au RH alors que les ASD peuvent détruire les cellules ß in vitro. Cette résistance au RH s'explique par la combinaison i) d'une séquestration vasculaire des ASD, qui ne peuvent pas accéder aux cellules ß allogéniques in vivo et ii) le fait que contrairement à la vascularisation des organes transplantés qui provient du donneur, celle des îlots greffés provient du receveur / Type 1 diabetes, the most prevalent chronic diseases of childhood, is caused by an autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing ß cells, the unique cells responsible for glucose level regulation.In contrast to exogenous insulin administration, pancreatic islet grafting restores endogenous secretion, which more efficiently prevents secondary end-organ complications and life-threatening events.Unfortunately, islet graft function decreases over time due to alloimmune response that developed against donor-specific HLA molecules. Recipient’s adaptive immune system can destroy allogeneic islets through two distinct mechanisms: cellular rejection by cytotoxic T-cells and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSA) are increasingly recognized as the prime cause of solid organ transplant failure, but the impact of the humoral alloimmune response of recipient on islet graft remains ill defined.Our thesis aimed at: i) characterizing the humoral alloimmune response of islet graft recipients, and ii) determining the impact of DSA on islet graft.Our work confirms that islet grafting is an HLA sensitizing event for recipients. The risk of DSA generation increases with the reduction/discontinuation of immunosuppressive drugs. However, in contrast with solid organ transplantation, DSA did not negatively impact graft survival in the clinic. Using a combination of murine models, we demonstrate that allogeneic islets are indeed resistant to AMR despite the fact that DSA can destroy islet cells in vitro. The resistance of allogeneic islets to AMR is explained by the combination of i) vascular sequestration of DSA, which are unable to access the allogeneic ß cells in vivo and ii) the fact that unlike vascularization of transplanted organs (that comes from the donor), islet graft vascularization develops from the recipient
64

Estudo do gene btk (bruton\'s tyrosine quinase) em pacientes com agamaglobulinemia congênita / Study of the BTK (Bruton\'s Tyrosine Kinase) in patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia.

Rosana Rezende de Oliveira 01 October 2008 (has links)
Agamaglobulinemia ligada ao X (XLA) é uma imunodeficiência primária caracterizada por ausência ou número reduzido de células B maduras em sangue periférico, de todos os isotipos de imunoglobulina e um aumento da susceptibilidade a infecções bacterianas e enterovirais graves. XLA é causada por mutações no gene Bruton\'s tirosino quinase, que codifica um membro da proteína da família das tirosino quinases citoplasmáticas que tem papel vital na modulação de muitos processos celulares. Neste estudo foram analisados trinta e três pacientes quanto à presença de mutações de BTK, por SSCP/HA e seqüenciamento. A análise da expressão foi realizada pela técnica por PCR em tempo real. Foram encontradas mutações do tipo stop codons, substituições de aminoácido, defeitos de splicing, pequenas deleções/inserções e frameshift nestes pacientes afetando os domínios PH, SH3, SH2 e o domínio da quinase da proteína. A análise da expressão mostrou níveis baixos nos pacientes com mutação do tipo stop codon, e nas outras mutações, os níveis de expressão foram de aproximadamente 15% e se correlacionaram com os tipos de mutação. / X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by the absence or decreased numbers of mature B cells in peripheral blood, and by a lack of all immunoglobulin isotypes, leading to an increased susceptibility to severe bacterial and enteroviral infections. XLA is caused by mutations in the gene encoding for Bruton\'s tyrosine kinase (BTK), a protein member of the Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases and plays a vital modulation role in many cellular processes. In this study thirty-three patients were analyzed for the presence of BTK mutations by SSCP/HA and sequencing. The expression analysis was carried out by the technique of Real-Time PCR. It was found mutations of the stop codons type, amino acid substitutions, splice defects, small deletions/insertions and frameshift in these patients affecting the PH, SH3, SH2 and tyrosine kinase domains of protein. The expression levels were very low in the patients with stop codon mutations, and in the other mutations, the expression levels were about 15% and were correlated with the mutation types.
65

Determinação da resposta imune humoral após suplementação com Probiótico em bovinos nelore / Determination to the humoral immune response after suplementation with Probiotic in nelore bovine

Arenas, Sandro Eduardo 27 August 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:55:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Sandro.pdf: 259492 bytes, checksum: 9e24465090764a22ac75d827ad8af255 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-27 / The effect of a probiotic on the immune response of cattle immunized with one dose of rabies vaccine was evaluated in this study. The Nelore bovines (N=75) were divided randomly into 5 groups: four groups fed with a diet supplemented with the 2, 3, 4 and 8 g the probiotic (Proenzime®)/bovine/day, groups G2, G3, G4 and G8, respectively, for 60 days. The 5th group was used as control. All the animals were immunized with a single dose of rabies vaccine on the first day of the experiment (day 0). The antibody titers were measured on days 0, 30 and 60 by RFFIT test. The results show the significant interaction was found between the probiotic level and vaccination time. There was also a significant difference among rabies titers in groups Gc, G2, G3, G4 and G8 on both days 30 and 60. In group G4, titers of rabies antibody in cattle decreased significantly on day 60. A significant difference (p<0.05) between the frequency of immunized animals in the control group and the other treatments was found on both days 30 and 60. On day 60, the control group did not differ from G2. However, no significant difference (p<0.05) was found among the treatments which were supplemented with probiotic. In addition, no significant difference (p<0.05) between the frequency of immunized animals on days 30 and 60 was found in control (Gc) or any other treatment (G2, G3, G4 or G8). In conclusion, the probiotic (Proenzime®) increase the humoral immune response of bovine immunized with rabies vaccine. / Foi avaliado o efeito do probiótico sobre a resposta imune de bovinos imunizados com uma dose de vacina anti-rábica. Utilizaram-se bovinos Nelore (N=75) divididos randomicamente em 5 grupos: quatro grupos foram suplementados com 2, 3, 4 e 8 g probiótico (Proenzime®)/bovino/dia, grupos G2, G3, G4 e G8, respectivamente, por 60 dias. O 5º grupo foi controle. Todos os animais foram imunizados com uma dose de vacina anti-rábica no dia zero do experimento. Os títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos foram mensurados nos dias 0, 30, 60 por meio do teste de RFFIT. Os resultados mostraram interação significativa entre concentração de probiótico e tempo de vacinação. Também teve aumento significativo nos títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos nos grupos Gc, G2, G3, G4 e G8 nos dias 30 e 60. No grupo G4 os títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos reduziram significativamente no dia 60. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre a freqüência de animais imunizados entre os grupos controle e tratados nos dias 30 e 60. No dia 60, o grupo controle não diferiu do G2. Além disso, não houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) na freqüência de animais nos dias 30 e 60, no grupo controle ou nos grupos tratados (G2, G3, G4 e G8). Conclui-se que o probiótico (Proenzime®) aumentou a resposta imune humoral em bovinos imunizados com vacina anti-rábica.
66

Influência do Levamisol na resposta imune humoral anti-rábica em bovinos / Levamisole influence on the antirabies humoral immune response in bovines

Cazella, Luciane Neris 02 February 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:55:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ARTIGO FINAL_02_02_09.pdf: 347998 bytes, checksum: 56e6a67c83644f58e3352638f56c4d37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-02 / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levamisole on the antirabies humoral immune response in bovines primovaccinated against rabies. Forty-two bovines, about twelve months old, were randomly divided into three groups. Animals from VL group received one dose of levamisole and antirabies vaccine on day zero. Cattle from group V7L received one dose of antirabies vaccine on day zero and, on day seven, one dose of levamisole. Bovines from control group (GC) were immunized with just one dose of antirabies vaccine on day zero. A lyophilized, inactivated rabies vaccine, developed at Instituto Butantan was used. Blood samples were taken on days zero, 30 and 60. The neutralizing antibody titers were determined by serum neutralization in BHK21 cells, based on the Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) and on the Fluorescent Inhibition Microtest (FMIT). The results obtained showed that there was not significant difference in neutralizing-antibody titers and neither in the frequency of immunized animals between groups treated and not treated with levamisole 30 and 60 days after antirabies vaccination. In conclusion, levamisole administration (6.0 mg/kg of body weight) in primovaccinated bovines against rabies did not influence the antirabies humoral immune response. / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do levamisol na resposta imune humoral anti-rábica de bovinos primovacinados contra a raiva. Quarenta e dois bovinos, com idade média de 12 meses, foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos. Os animais do grupo VL receberam uma dose de levamisol e vacina anti-rábica no dia zero. Nos bovinos do grupo V7L foi aplicada uma dose de vacina no dia zero e, no dia 7, uma dose de levamisol. Nos bovinos do grupo controle (GC), somente uma dose de vacina no dia zero. Utilizou-se uma vacina anti-rábica inativada, liofilizada, desenvolvida pelo Instituto Butantan. Colheram-se amostras de sangue nos dias zero, 30 e 60. Os títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes anti-rábicos foram determinados por meio da técnica de soroneutralização em células BHK21, baseado no Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) e no Fluorescent Inhibition Microtest (FIMT). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que não houve diferença significativa nos títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos e nem na freqüência de animais imunizados entre os grupos tratados ou não com levamisol 30 e 60 dias após a vacinação anti-rábica. Conclui-se que a administração de levamisol (6,0 mg/Kg de peso vivo) em bovinos primovacinados contra a raiva, não influenciou a resposta imune humoral anti-rábica.
67

Avidez de anticorpos (IgG) anti-Toxocara canis em coelhas infectadas experimentalmente / Anti-Toxocara canis (IgG) avidity in experimentally infected rabbits

Bin, Lundia Luara Cavalcante 23 August 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:55:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lundia Bin.pdf: 419626 bytes, checksum: 784b66188ef611a6dd9abf0fdddd231f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / Toxocariasis is an important zoonosis mainly transmitted by ingestion of embryonated T. canis eggs, a parasite of dogs, present in soil. The nematode larvae can migrate by a variety of organs e may cause disturbances, including respiratory, hepatic, neurological, cardiac and ophthalmic problems. Diagnostic of toxocariasis is based on detection of anti-Toxocara antibodies, particularly IgG, by ELISA. Avidity of IgG has been employed in order to evaluate the phase of infection of a disease. However, experimental studies regard to toxocariasis are scarce in literature. This study aimed to evaluate the Toxocara canis-IgG avidity in experimentally infected rabbits, before and after lactation, and of their offsprings. Seventeen nullipar white New Zealand female rabbits were distributed in two groups. In experimentally infected group, 12 animals were inoculated by oral route with 1,000 T. canis embryonated eggs, whereas five animals were uninfected (control group). Blood samples collections were performed on +7, +14, +21 and +28 days post-infection (dpi) and on the first day following the weaning (60 dpi) in order to obtaining serum for ELISA analysis. ELISA indirect test was run in order to obtain the anti- T. canis antibody reactivity index (RI) as well as the avidity index (AI). Seroconversion was observed on 14 dpi, and all the evaluated animals showed a high AI, excepting one animal (on 14 dpi). After the weaning period, all the studied rabbit showed seroconversion. All the studied bunnies were considered positive for ELISA and showed a high AI. Nevertheless, both RI and AI of mothers were significantly higher than their offspring. According to the results, it was possible to demonstrate the vertical transmission of T. canis larvae. In addition, the negative correlation between the RI obtained from the rabbits and the bunnies pointed out the possibility of passive protection due to the maternal transfer of antibodies. / A toxocaríase é uma importante zoonose transmitida principalmente pela ingestão de ovos embrionados de T.canis, um parasito de cães, presente no solo. A larva do nematódeo pode migrar por vários órgãos do corpo e ocasionar distúrbios, como problemas respiratórios, hepáticos, neurológicos, cardíacos e oftálmicos. O diagnóstico é realizado principalmente com a detecção de anticorpos, em especial de Imunoglobulinas da classe G (IgG), pela técnica de ELISA. A avidez de IgG tem sido utilizada para avaliar a fase de infecção de uma doença. No caso da toxocaríase, estudos experimentais são escassos na literatura. O objetivo do estudo foi o de avaliar a avidez de anticorpos anti-Toxocara canis em coelhas infectadas experimentalmente, antes e após lactação, e de suas progênies. Foram utilizadas 17 coelhas da linhagem Nova Zelândia, brancas, nulíparas, distribuídas em dois grupos. No grupo experimental, doze coelhas foram infectadas, oralmente, com 1.000 ovos larvados de T. canis. O segundo grupo, constituído por cinco coelhas serviu como controle. Nos dias 7, 14, 21 e 28 pós-infecção (DPI) e no primeiro dia após o desmame (60 DPI), foram coletadas amostras de soro para análise. O teste de ELISA indireto foi realizado para avaliar a o índice de reatividade (IR) de anticorpos IgG anti-T. canis e para cálculo do índice de avidez (IA). A soroconversão nos animais ocorreu a partir do 140 DPI. Com exceção de um animal (aos 14 DPI), todos os IA foram classificados como de alta avidez. Após lactação, (60 DPI), todos os animais foram considerados como ELISA positivo. Em relação aos filhotes todos os animais foram sororreagentes e apresentaram alto IA. Entretanto, tanto o IR quanto o IA das fêmeas foram significativamente maiores que da sua progênie. Os resultados demonstraram a transmissão vertical de larvas. A correlação negativa entre os valores da IR das coelhas e de seus filhotes sugere a possibilidade de proteção passiva pela transferência de anticorpos maternais.
68

Determinação da resposta imune humoral após suplementação com Probiótico em bovinos nelore / Determination to the humoral immune response after suplementation with Probiotic in nelore bovine

Arenas, Sandro Eduardo 27 August 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Sandro.pdf: 259492 bytes, checksum: 9e24465090764a22ac75d827ad8af255 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-27 / The effect of a probiotic on the immune response of cattle immunized with one dose of rabies vaccine was evaluated in this study. The Nelore bovines (N=75) were divided randomly into 5 groups: four groups fed with a diet supplemented with the 2, 3, 4 and 8 g the probiotic (Proenzime®)/bovine/day, groups G2, G3, G4 and G8, respectively, for 60 days. The 5th group was used as control. All the animals were immunized with a single dose of rabies vaccine on the first day of the experiment (day 0). The antibody titers were measured on days 0, 30 and 60 by RFFIT test. The results show the significant interaction was found between the probiotic level and vaccination time. There was also a significant difference among rabies titers in groups Gc, G2, G3, G4 and G8 on both days 30 and 60. In group G4, titers of rabies antibody in cattle decreased significantly on day 60. A significant difference (p<0.05) between the frequency of immunized animals in the control group and the other treatments was found on both days 30 and 60. On day 60, the control group did not differ from G2. However, no significant difference (p<0.05) was found among the treatments which were supplemented with probiotic. In addition, no significant difference (p<0.05) between the frequency of immunized animals on days 30 and 60 was found in control (Gc) or any other treatment (G2, G3, G4 or G8). In conclusion, the probiotic (Proenzime®) increase the humoral immune response of bovine immunized with rabies vaccine. / Foi avaliado o efeito do probiótico sobre a resposta imune de bovinos imunizados com uma dose de vacina anti-rábica. Utilizaram-se bovinos Nelore (N=75) divididos randomicamente em 5 grupos: quatro grupos foram suplementados com 2, 3, 4 e 8 g probiótico (Proenzime®)/bovino/dia, grupos G2, G3, G4 e G8, respectivamente, por 60 dias. O 5º grupo foi controle. Todos os animais foram imunizados com uma dose de vacina anti-rábica no dia zero do experimento. Os títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos foram mensurados nos dias 0, 30, 60 por meio do teste de RFFIT. Os resultados mostraram interação significativa entre concentração de probiótico e tempo de vacinação. Também teve aumento significativo nos títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos nos grupos Gc, G2, G3, G4 e G8 nos dias 30 e 60. No grupo G4 os títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos reduziram significativamente no dia 60. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre a freqüência de animais imunizados entre os grupos controle e tratados nos dias 30 e 60. No dia 60, o grupo controle não diferiu do G2. Além disso, não houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) na freqüência de animais nos dias 30 e 60, no grupo controle ou nos grupos tratados (G2, G3, G4 e G8). Conclui-se que o probiótico (Proenzime®) aumentou a resposta imune humoral em bovinos imunizados com vacina anti-rábica.
69

Influência do Levamisol na resposta imune humoral anti-rábica em bovinos / Levamisole influence on the antirabies humoral immune response in bovines

Cazella, Luciane Neris 02 February 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ARTIGO FINAL_02_02_09.pdf: 347998 bytes, checksum: 56e6a67c83644f58e3352638f56c4d37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-02 / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levamisole on the antirabies humoral immune response in bovines primovaccinated against rabies. Forty-two bovines, about twelve months old, were randomly divided into three groups. Animals from VL group received one dose of levamisole and antirabies vaccine on day zero. Cattle from group V7L received one dose of antirabies vaccine on day zero and, on day seven, one dose of levamisole. Bovines from control group (GC) were immunized with just one dose of antirabies vaccine on day zero. A lyophilized, inactivated rabies vaccine, developed at Instituto Butantan was used. Blood samples were taken on days zero, 30 and 60. The neutralizing antibody titers were determined by serum neutralization in BHK21 cells, based on the Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) and on the Fluorescent Inhibition Microtest (FMIT). The results obtained showed that there was not significant difference in neutralizing-antibody titers and neither in the frequency of immunized animals between groups treated and not treated with levamisole 30 and 60 days after antirabies vaccination. In conclusion, levamisole administration (6.0 mg/kg of body weight) in primovaccinated bovines against rabies did not influence the antirabies humoral immune response. / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do levamisol na resposta imune humoral anti-rábica de bovinos primovacinados contra a raiva. Quarenta e dois bovinos, com idade média de 12 meses, foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos. Os animais do grupo VL receberam uma dose de levamisol e vacina anti-rábica no dia zero. Nos bovinos do grupo V7L foi aplicada uma dose de vacina no dia zero e, no dia 7, uma dose de levamisol. Nos bovinos do grupo controle (GC), somente uma dose de vacina no dia zero. Utilizou-se uma vacina anti-rábica inativada, liofilizada, desenvolvida pelo Instituto Butantan. Colheram-se amostras de sangue nos dias zero, 30 e 60. Os títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes anti-rábicos foram determinados por meio da técnica de soroneutralização em células BHK21, baseado no Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) e no Fluorescent Inhibition Microtest (FIMT). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que não houve diferença significativa nos títulos de anticorpos anti-rábicos e nem na freqüência de animais imunizados entre os grupos tratados ou não com levamisol 30 e 60 dias após a vacinação anti-rábica. Conclui-se que a administração de levamisol (6,0 mg/Kg de peso vivo) em bovinos primovacinados contra a raiva, não influenciou a resposta imune humoral anti-rábica.
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Avidez de anticorpos (IgG) anti-Toxocara canis em coelhas infectadas experimentalmente / Anti-Toxocara canis (IgG) avidity in experimentally infected rabbits

Bin, Lundia Luara Cavalcante 23 August 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:53:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lundia Bin.pdf: 419626 bytes, checksum: 784b66188ef611a6dd9abf0fdddd231f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / Toxocariasis is an important zoonosis mainly transmitted by ingestion of embryonated T. canis eggs, a parasite of dogs, present in soil. The nematode larvae can migrate by a variety of organs e may cause disturbances, including respiratory, hepatic, neurological, cardiac and ophthalmic problems. Diagnostic of toxocariasis is based on detection of anti-Toxocara antibodies, particularly IgG, by ELISA. Avidity of IgG has been employed in order to evaluate the phase of infection of a disease. However, experimental studies regard to toxocariasis are scarce in literature. This study aimed to evaluate the Toxocara canis-IgG avidity in experimentally infected rabbits, before and after lactation, and of their offsprings. Seventeen nullipar white New Zealand female rabbits were distributed in two groups. In experimentally infected group, 12 animals were inoculated by oral route with 1,000 T. canis embryonated eggs, whereas five animals were uninfected (control group). Blood samples collections were performed on +7, +14, +21 and +28 days post-infection (dpi) and on the first day following the weaning (60 dpi) in order to obtaining serum for ELISA analysis. ELISA indirect test was run in order to obtain the anti- T. canis antibody reactivity index (RI) as well as the avidity index (AI). Seroconversion was observed on 14 dpi, and all the evaluated animals showed a high AI, excepting one animal (on 14 dpi). After the weaning period, all the studied rabbit showed seroconversion. All the studied bunnies were considered positive for ELISA and showed a high AI. Nevertheless, both RI and AI of mothers were significantly higher than their offspring. According to the results, it was possible to demonstrate the vertical transmission of T. canis larvae. In addition, the negative correlation between the RI obtained from the rabbits and the bunnies pointed out the possibility of passive protection due to the maternal transfer of antibodies. / A toxocaríase é uma importante zoonose transmitida principalmente pela ingestão de ovos embrionados de T.canis, um parasito de cães, presente no solo. A larva do nematódeo pode migrar por vários órgãos do corpo e ocasionar distúrbios, como problemas respiratórios, hepáticos, neurológicos, cardíacos e oftálmicos. O diagnóstico é realizado principalmente com a detecção de anticorpos, em especial de Imunoglobulinas da classe G (IgG), pela técnica de ELISA. A avidez de IgG tem sido utilizada para avaliar a fase de infecção de uma doença. No caso da toxocaríase, estudos experimentais são escassos na literatura. O objetivo do estudo foi o de avaliar a avidez de anticorpos anti-Toxocara canis em coelhas infectadas experimentalmente, antes e após lactação, e de suas progênies. Foram utilizadas 17 coelhas da linhagem Nova Zelândia, brancas, nulíparas, distribuídas em dois grupos. No grupo experimental, doze coelhas foram infectadas, oralmente, com 1.000 ovos larvados de T. canis. O segundo grupo, constituído por cinco coelhas serviu como controle. Nos dias 7, 14, 21 e 28 pós-infecção (DPI) e no primeiro dia após o desmame (60 DPI), foram coletadas amostras de soro para análise. O teste de ELISA indireto foi realizado para avaliar a o índice de reatividade (IR) de anticorpos IgG anti-T. canis e para cálculo do índice de avidez (IA). A soroconversão nos animais ocorreu a partir do 140 DPI. Com exceção de um animal (aos 14 DPI), todos os IA foram classificados como de alta avidez. Após lactação, (60 DPI), todos os animais foram considerados como ELISA positivo. Em relação aos filhotes todos os animais foram sororreagentes e apresentaram alto IA. Entretanto, tanto o IR quanto o IA das fêmeas foram significativamente maiores que da sua progênie. Os resultados demonstraram a transmissão vertical de larvas. A correlação negativa entre os valores da IR das coelhas e de seus filhotes sugere a possibilidade de proteção passiva pela transferência de anticorpos maternais.

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