This dissertation examines policy changes and incentive programs in kidney transplantation in the United States (U.S.) and their effects on adult obesity, on provision of care, and on patients’ overall welfare. This work uses rigorous identification strategies to quantify the impact, to investigate effectiveness, and to identify potential unintended consequences related to the institution environment in transplantation. Among others, findings are informative of a general understanding of weight loss behavior. Results also provide understanding of trade-offs—inherent in policy making—in this environment, which further affect access to transplantation. The first essay investigates effectiveness of weight loss incentives in transplantation. “How to incentivize weight loss?” is one of the central questions in health economics research. An example with high stakes is in the lifesaving treatment of organ transplantation, where transplantation centers use differential BMI requirement as eligibility for transplantation. This chapter investigates the effects of BMI requirements on probability of weight loss. Using a difference-in-difference framework correcting for sample selection bias for deceased donor transplant recipients, I find that having an explicit BMI requirement causes a 16.1 percentage point increase in the probability of weight loss. Weight loss is documented not only for overweight but also for severely and morbidly obese individuals. In addition, weight loss increases organ transplant survival for the severely and morbidly obese. The second essay evaluates the effects of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Final Rule on transplantation on patient welfare. Effective on June 28, 2007, the CMS established a new accountability policy for transplant centers to improve patient quality services and to reduce re-transplantation rates. Nonetheless, the regulation could exacerbate the current organ shortage problem. This study uses variations across centers between 2002 and 2009, and finds evidence that the regulation leads to undesirable effects on provision of care. The estimated decrease in graft failures for low-performing centers is negated by a decline in access to transplantation, creating a tradeoff between quality and access in the provision of care. Results suggest a sizeable reduction of about 5 to 6 less transplants per 6-month period at low-performing centers on both patient survival and graft survival outcomes after the regulation. The estimated declines in volume do not translate into comparable increases in volume at high-performing centers. The last essays emphasizes the effect of the CMS conditions of participations (CoPs) for transplant centers on patients’ selection of transplant centers. I am concerned that the report cards published by the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) may impact the centers patients’ selection to be placed on the waiting list and the queuing of patients on a center’s waiting list. I construct a spatial data set of a patient’s (and referring physicians’) choice set between 2003 and 2010. Results from this less competitive model indicate that a center’s failure to meet the 1-year organ transplant survival outcomes decreases the probability that a patient will elect to be placed on a center’s waiting list versus those centers that are spatial proximate to that center. Distance traveled to a center is found to reduce probability of listing at a center, whereas the number of ECD transplants performed during any given year increase that propensity. The regulation effects are purged out in sorting equilibrium models which account for competitive interactions between centers. I find evidence for a strong congestion effect and demonstrate importance of center-level heterogeneity in predicting patient selection of centers. In summary, this dissertation shows importance of altering individual’s trade-offs in order to create behavior change, more specifically with policies trying to alt obesity. It further shows in the case of transplantation that the accountability policy established by the CMS mostly affects the supply side of the market with greater impacts on transplants volume and access to transplantation than it does on the demand for transplantation.

Submitted by Luana Naves Ferreira Silva null (luana_nfs@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-28T00:02:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final Disssertação.pdf: 1186088 bytes, checksum: c9d32af6f616a260dff323fb89d4793e (MD5) / Rejected by Milena Maria Rodrigues null (milena@fclar.unesp.br), reason: Bom dia Luana, Para aprovação no Repositório Institucional da UNESP, serão necessárias algumas correções na sua Dissertação. Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - O título do trabalho deve ser todo em caixa alta; - Colocar o número do processo da FAPESP também na página de rosto e folha de aprovação, ou seja, todo local que menciona a bolsa FAPESP deve vir acompanhado do número do processo.; - Corrigir a paginação do seu trabalho, inclusive no sumário. As páginas pré-textuais devem ser contadas (com exceção da capa e ficha catalográfica), mas aparecerá número somente a partir da introdução; - Os números das páginas devem aparecer no canto superior direito; Qualquer dúvida, seguir o roteiro de normalização disponível na página da Biblioteca: http://www.fclar.unesp.br/#!/biblioteca/normas-da-abnt/normalizacao/ Em caso de maiores dúvidas, entrar em contato com as bibliotecárias da Seção de Referência (Camila ou Elaine). Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-03-28T12:20:52Z (GMT) / Submitted by Luana Naves Ferreira Silva null (luana_nfs@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-29T20:24:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação pós banca 29-03.pdf: 1183599 bytes, checksum: 3dfb60b861cf5e41922c88d57876b8e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Maria Rodrigues null (milena@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-04-02T11:58:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_lnf_me_arafcl.pdf: 1183599 bytes, checksum: 3dfb60b861cf5e41922c88d57876b8e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-02T11:58:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_lnf_me_arafcl.pdf: 1183599 bytes, checksum: 3dfb60b861cf5e41922c88d57876b8e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Pretende-se, por meio desta pesquisa, analisar a gestão governamental de duas leis: a Lei do Bem e a Lei da Informática. Estas leis fazem parte do conjunto de medidas relacionadas ao âmbito das políticas tecnológicas desenvolvidas pelo governo brasileiro e têm como instrumento a concessão de incentivos fiscais. A intenção é analisar a concepção e a formulação dessas leis, com ênfase na análise da avaliação governamental (quando existente). Parte-se da hipótese que a avaliação governamental das leis estudadas é inexistente ou qualitativamente insuficiente, o que se constitui em uma grande falha de gestão governamental, já que as políticas tecnológicas que têm como instrumento os incentivos fiscais exigem das empresas beneficiárias o cumprimento de requisitos e contrapartidas financeiras para fruição do incentivo fiscal. Assim, a contribuição desta pesquisa dar-se-ia no sentido de levantar possíveis deficiências e sugerir melhorias na formulação de políticas tecnológicas que tenham como instrumento os incentivos fiscais. / The aim of this research is to analyze two federal laws: the “Law of Good” and the Law of Informatics. These laws are part of the set of measures related to the scope of the technological policies developed by the Brazilian government, whose instrument is the concession of fiscal incentives. The main intention is to analyze the conception and formulation of these laws, with emphasis on the analysis of government assessment (when it exists). This work presumes that the governmental assessmentof these laws is nonexistent or qualitatively insufficient, which constitutes a major failure of governmental management, since technological policies based on fiscal incentives require from beneficiary companies to achieve some goals as well as financial compensation for the tax incentives. The possible contribution of this research would be to raise shortcomings and failures and to suggest improvements in the formulation of technological policies based on fiscal incentives. / 2017/09674-5

La notion d'incitation est au cœur des théories économiques modernes. Elle vise à obtenir des agents concernés un certain comportement par la promesse d’une récompense, comportement qu'il n'aurait pas été rationnel pour eux d’adopter sans la présence de cet avantage. En tant que dispositif juridique, l’incitation peut être définie comme un mécanisme cherchant à orienter le comportement de ses destinataires dans un sens déterminé, par la promesse d’une contrepartie avantageuse. Ces dispositifs incitatifs se développent dans l’ensemble des matières juridiques. Il est toutefois un domaine particulier du droit dans lequel il est particulièrement intéressant à étudier : le droit social. Si le législateur laisse au destinataire de la règle le choix d’adopter ou non le comportement incité, il n’en compte pas moins sur le raisonnement rationnel de ce dernier qui devrait se laisser convaincre par la perspective de l’avantage promis. Il est donc improbable, a priori, de trouver ce type de règles dans les matières largement régies par des dispositions d’ordre public.À travers l’analyse du dispositif juridique incitatif dans un domaine aussi vaste et complexe que le droit social, c’est en définitive à une étude des transformations de la normativité juridique que nous nous livrons. Cet instrument des conduites juridiques, si particulier et pourtant si présent dans le droit, donne à voir toute la richesse que peut offrir le droit, en même temps qu’il révèle les dédales obscurs que doivent parcourir ses élaborateurs pour produire, sans effets pervers, les effets escomptés. / The concept of incentive is at the heart of modern economic theories. It aims to get involved some behavior by the promise of a reward, behavior that would not be rational for agents to adopt without the presence of this advantage. As a legal rule, the incentive can be defined as a mechanism seeking to guide the behavior of its recipients in a given direction, with the promise of a reward. These incentives are developed in all legal matters. However, it is a particular area of law in which they are particularly interested to study: social law. If the legislature let the recipient free to adopt or not the behavior encouraged, it does not count less on rational reasoning. It is unlikely to find such rules in matters largely governed by the public order.Through the analysis of the incentive legal system in an area as vast and complex as the social law, it is a study of the transformation of legal normativity that we deliver. This legal instrument gives to see the richness that can provide the law at the same time it reveals the several ways its developers have to take to produce the expected effects.

[pt] Este trabalho estuda o problema de um regulador que enfrenta um monopolista sem observar seus custos. Diferente de estudos anteriores, deixamos o pressuposto forte de que o regulador conhece a verdadeira distribuição de probabilidade de custos do monopolista. Em vez disso, vamos supor que o regulador tém uma distribuição prior e sua incerteza é representada pelo conjunto de distribuições mean preserving spread da sua prior. Regulador é avesso a incerteza, ou seja, ele maximiza o bem-estar social esperado sob a pior distribuição neste conjunto. Regulação ótima depende do estado da natureza e garante que o bem-estar social esperado não é afetado pela incerteza do regulador. Regulador não pode dar incentivos tão forte como os dados quando a distribuição é conhecida, o que significa que a robustez reduz o poder dos contratos. / [en] This work studies the problem of a regulator who faces a monopolist with unknown costs. Different to previous studies, we depart from the strong assumption that regulator knows the true probability distribution of monopolist costs. Instead, we assume that regulator holds a prior distribution and his uncertainty is represented by the set of mean preserving spread distributions of this prior. Regulator is uncertainty averse, i.e., he maximizes expected social welfare under the worst distribution in this set. Optimal regulation is state dependent and guarantees that expected social welfare is not affected by regulator uncertainty. Regulator can not give such strong incentive as those given when distribution is known, which means that concern for robustness reduces the power of contracts.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Human Ecology-Personal Financial Planning / Maurice MacDonald / Clifford Robb / Americans seem to be financially vulnerable and lack sufficient net worth to overcome financial obstacles such as unforeseen medical issues, temporary job loss, or changing economic conditions. Americans aren’t saving enough, have too much debt, and tend to have a short-sighted view on their finances. Wealth is a primary indicator of financial and economic security and maintaining and improving standard of living are two important financial goals. Aggregate net worth can be used to gauge the financial well-being of Americans because it includes both assets and liabilities. It is hypothesized that part of the instability which results in the lack of accumulating adequate wealth, is time preference. Time preference is an important psychological construct which examines the ability to defer gratification. Time preference represents the intertemporal choice between immediate versus delayed utility. A low rate of time preference implies a low rate of intertemporal discounting. Individuals with low discounting do not heavily discount the future and are able to defer gratification. A high rate of time preference or a high rate of intertemporal discounting, suggests that individuals are more present oriented, heavily discount the future, prefer immediate gratification. This research study takes a unique approach to examining time preference since the experimental community lacks a clear consensus on how to best measure this construct. Standard risk and time preferences measures are typically achieved through responses to financially incentivized choice questions. Researchers have argued that incentivized choice questions may be common but they lack precision. Therefore, combining behaviors that involve intertemporal tradeoffs into a scale to measure time preference is believed to be a more accurate indicator of time preference. However, there is little research that has reliably developed and tested its use. This research examines time preference by comparing incentive choice questions as a proxy for time preference as well as an additive scale of intertemporal behaviors using a national representative sample. Regression analysis revealed that that time preference measured using an additive scale of intertemporal behaviors was significantly associated with net worth. The incentive choice questions as a measure of time preference were not significantly associated with net worth. The respondents with a high rate of intertemporal discounting as measured by the time preference scale accumulated less net-worth than respondents with a lower rate of intertemporal discounting. In addition, in the regression model when individual behaviors involving intertemporal tradeoffs such as smoking, drinking, and not taking physical exams were added as individual behaviors, the model was the preferred predictor of net worth.

En organisation existerar för att individer ska samverka för att uppnå ett gemensamt mål. I tider med hög personalomsättning är det en utmaning för många organisationer att nå målkongruens och syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur företag arbetar för att uppnå målkongruens i takt med ökad personalomsättning med hjälp av incitamentsprogram. För att besvara syftet har intervjuer utförts på två olika företag inom detaljhandeln med personer som arbetar aktivt med incitamentsprogram och en enkät har genomförts i ett av företagens varuhus. I den teoretiska referensramen beskrivs teorier gällande förhållandet mellan arbetsledning och arbetstagare, olika typer av incitamentsprogram och motivationsfaktorer. Det empiriska resultatet visar att incitamentsprogram används i de undersökta organisationerna för att nå målkongruens, minska personalomsättning och höja engagemanget hos de anställda. Det visade sig även att kombinationer av olika incitamentsprogram tillämpas för att nå olika typer av mål och att personlig utveckling är den främsta motivationsfaktor för de butiksanställda / An organization exists for individuals to work together and reach a common goal. In times of high personal turnover rate, it is a challenge for many organizations to achieve goal congruence and the purpose with this study is to examine how companies work to achieve goal congruence in line with increasing personal turnover rate with the aid of incentive plans. In the theoretical reference frame theories are described regarding the relationship between superior and subordinate, different types of incentive plans and motivational theories. To be able to answer the purpose of this essay, interviews have been conducted on two different companies in retail with individuals who works with incentive plans and a survey has been conducted in one of the companies© stores. The empirical result shows that the incentive plans are used in the researched organizations to achieve goal congruence, increase employee retention and improve the commitment with the employees. The results showed that incentive plans apply to reach different types of goals and that personal development was the primary motivational factor.

Bakgrund: Finansiella rapporter har en betydande roll på marknaden och kan se olika ut beroende på incitament bakom redovisningsval. Företag kan bland annat påverka intäkterna beroende på incitament. Detta såg man i företaget Enron som försökte möta förväntningar genom att tidigarelägga intäkterna som gjorde att de gick i konkurs. Intäktsredovisningen kan ses som komplext eftersom det är en bedömningsfråga. Ytterligare exempel är företaget Prosolvia som redovisa intäkterna fel vilket även gjorde att de gick i konkurs. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att studera hur tjänsteföretag som använder K3 redovisar sina intäkter och de bakomliggande orsakerna till redovisningsvalen. I studien kommer det även göras en jämförelse mellan onoterade tjänsteföretags intäktsredovisning. Metod: Studien har utförts genom en kvalitativ metod med ett deduktivt synsätt. Empiriska data utgörs av primärdata som har inhämtats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsats: Studien kom fram till att K3 tjänsteföretags intäktsredovisning påverkas av egenintresse, legitimitet och förväntningar från intressenter samt samhället. Studiens resultat visar även att det finns skillnad mellan företagens val av metod och konton vid intäktsredovisningen. / Introduction: Financial reports have a significant role in the market and may differ depending on the incentive for accounting choices. Incentives may influence how companies recognize revenue. This was seen in the company Enron who tried to meet expectations by bringing forward earnings that led to bankruptcy. The revenue recognition can be seen as complex because it is a question of assessments. Another example is the company Prosolvia that reported the incomes wrong, which also caused them to go bankrupt. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to study how service companies using K3 report their income and the underlying causes of the accounting choice. The study will also make a comparison between the listed companies revenue recognition. ends K3 reports their revenues and the underlying causes of the accounting choice. The study will also make a comparison between the listed companies revenue recognition. Method: The study has been conducted through a qualitative method with a deductive approach. The empirical data consists of primary data obtained through semi-structured interviews. Conclusion: The study found that the revenue recognition of K3 services companies´ is affected by self-interest, legitimacy and expectations from stakeholders as well as society. The results of the study also show that there is a difference between the companies’ choice of method and accounts in the revenue recognition.

[pt] Esta tese narra um momento relevante da história da leitura no Brasil (1992- 1996), quando foi criado o PROLER, Programa Nacional de Incentivo à Leitura. Em sua gestão, valorizou-se primordialmente a leitura como foco privilegiado das ações e não apenas o livro, até então preocupação maior de todos os governos republicanos, mesmo em estados de exceção. A partir das pesquisas desenvolvidas acerca do Proler, basicamente apoiadas em recursos bibliográficos, documentais e na História Oral, portanto, uma pesquisa qualitativa, este material permitiu divisar em sua análise que, segundo os pressupostos do Proler e de sua ação, a leitura voltou a ser considerada pelo viés freiriano como leitura de mundo em toda a sua amplitude crítica, com a proposta de mobilizar a inclusão social, cultural e política de todos os segmentos da sociedade, indistintamente, abrangendo os excluídos sociais. Outro aspecto relevante que se destaca é o que confere à leitura sua dimensão semiótica, através da qual o homem lê e dá sentido ao mundo desde que nasce, e se constitui na leitura. Estes foram dois analisadores do programa, que, por estas condições, configurou-se como uma experiência instituinte, discutida em todas as suas perspectivas no decorrer dos trabalhos desenvolvidos, de modo a fundamentar a escolha do aparato teórico-metodológico utilizado. Através da leitura privilegiada por esta análise o Proler se inscreve na dimensão de pesquisa-intervenção, para a qual interessam os movimentos e os processos, daí o programa se autodenominar uma pesquisa em processo. Dessa forma, o Proler foi analisado como uma pesquisa-intervenção e como uma experiência insitituinte de leitura. Diante desta opção, a corrente teórico-metodológica selecionada foi a Análise Institucional, mais especificamente a Socionálise francesa, o que permitiu acreditar que as ações implementadas pelo programa entre 1992 e 1996, em prol da leitura, e que se desenvolveram por todas as regiões e estados do país, apresentavam possibilidades de fazer do Brasil um país de leitores e de se configurar como uma Política Pública de Leitura. / [en] This thesis intends to explore an important moment of the reading history in Brazil (1992-1996), when PROLER – National Program for Reading Incentive – was developed. PROLER was the first Public Policy ever enacted on reading in this country. While in effect, reading was the primary focus of all actions. The program was not limited to the actual books, which were, until that moment, the main concern of the previous administrations, including those under state of exception. Extensive research on PROLER, supported by bibliographic resources, documents and verbal narratives, indicates that the program achieved its main objectives. As a result, reading has returned to be considered, under Freire’s approach, as reading of the world, which entails comprehensive critical extent, focused on the mobilization of the individuals for social, cultural and political inclusion indistinctly in all layers of our social pyramid. Another important aspect is the simiotic dimension of reading, which allows individuals to find meaning on the world around themselves since their very births and consequently to discover their very own. These were two of the programs that, under such conditions have become an instituint experience discussed in all of its perspectives in the course of this exercise, in such a manner that provides fundament to the applied theorectical-methodological apparatus.Through the privileged reading of this assignment, PROLER occupies a dimension of reseach-intervention for which the movements and processes are important and for this very reason, the program is self-denominated as research-in-progress. In this spirit, I tried to analyse the PROLER as a research-intervention and as an instituint experience on reading. Given this option, I have elected the theoretical-methodological chain of institutional analyses, more specifically the French socio-analysis. Such an option led me to believe that the implemented actions on beneath of reading between the years of 1992 and 1996 in all Brazilian states presented the material substance to convert this nation into a country of readers and to be properly considered as a Public Policy on reading.

As startups vêm provocando uma mudança profunda no mundo dos negócios, e a cada ano mais startups são fundadas no Brasil. O sucesso destas empresas não depende exclusivamente do desenvolvimento de um produto/serviço inovador e um modelo de negócio escalável, mas também da aplicação de ferramentas de incentivo de longo prazo que permitam a formação de times de alto desempenho altamente engajados, e o controle do caixa, que nos primeiros anos é tipicamente escasso dadas as características de risco destes novos negócios. No entanto, o desconhecimento de ferramentas de incentivo de longo prazo por parte dos empreendedores e a limitada discussão na literatura do seu efeito conjunto nas dimensões de pessoas e financeira faz com que muitas startups não implementem tais planos nos seus primeiros anos de existência, o que pode afetar diretamente o sucesso do negócio. Mecanismos inovativos de incentivo, como as opções fantasmas (phantom stock options), são particularmente desconhecidos e pouco aplicados no contexto brasileiro de startups. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um plano de incentivo de longo prazo baseado em opções fantasmas em uma startup, bem como gerar conhecimento para apoiar futuras pesquisas acadêmicas no campo. Este objetivo foi atingido por meio de uma pesquisa-ação e os resultados confirmaram a importância desta ferramenta para a atração de talentos, engajamento do time, redução de exposição de caixa e redução de assimetria da informação na empresa, já que o profissional passa a entender e mensurar o valor de sua contribuição individual para a equipe e, consequentemente, para o atingimento do seu bônus. / Startups have been bringing about a profound change in the business world, and each year more startups are founded in Brazil. The success of these companies does not depend exclusively on the development of an innovative product / service and a scalable business model, but also on the application of long-term incentive tools that allow the formation of highly engaged high performance teams and cash control, which in the early years is typically scarce given the risk characteristics of these new businesses. However, the lack of knowledge of long-term incentive tools on the part of entrepreneurs and the limited discussion in the literature of their combined effect on the human and financial dimensions means that many startups do not implement such plans in their early years of existence. Can directly affect the success of the business. Innovative incentive mechanisms, such as phantom stock options, are particularly unknown and little applied in the Brazilian context of startups. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the creation and implementation of a long-term incentive plan based on phantom options in a startup, as well as generate knowledge to support future academic research in the field. This objective was reached through an action research and the results confirmed the importance of this tool for the attraction of talents, team engagement, reduction of cash exposure and reduction of asymmetry of information in the company, since the professional comes to understand and measure the value of your individual contribution to the team and, consequently, to the attainment of your bonus.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:53:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 guimaraes_j_me_prud.pdf: 1213157 bytes, checksum: 08afd1b4f8211580c028d8a5f440026a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A biblioteca escolar é um espaço de grande potencial para o desenvolvimento de atividades relacionadas à leitura, o que contribui para despertar a criatividade e o senso crítico do aluno, sendo, portanto, um instrumento fundamental no processo de aprendizagem. Falar de biblioteca é falar de pesquisa, busca de informação, ampliação de conhecimentos e, consequentemente, leitura. A leitura é considerada um processo de elaboração e verificação de hipóteses que levam à construção de uma interpretação. É justamente neste processo de leitura, descoberta e transformação da informação em conhecimento, que a biblioteca escolar surge como espaço rico em recursos e possibilidades. A presente pesquisa está vinculada à linha de pesquisa “Políticas Públicas, Organização Escolar e Formação de Professores” da Unesp - Univ. Estadual Paulista e é financiada pela CAPES. Tem como objetivo principal investigar se as políticas públicas de incentivo à leitura, especificamente o PNBE (Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola), têm contribuído com o acesso à leitura; a formação de leitores; a dinamização da biblioteca escolar. Esta pesquisa possui um caráter qualitativo, pois envolve um contato direto entre o pesquisador e o objeto de estudo, desta forma, optei por realizar o estudo de caso em uma escola da rede municipal de Presidente Prudente/SP. Inicialmente foi feito um... / The school library is an area of great potential to the development of activities related to reading, which helps to awaken creativity and critical sense of the student, and is therefore a key tool in the learning process. Say about library is say about research, finding information, expansion of knowledge and, consequently, reading. Reading is considered a process of elaboration and verification hypotheses that lead to the construction of an interpretation. It is precisely this process of reading, discovery and transformation of information into knowledge that the school library appears as a space rich in resources and possibilities. This research is linked to the research line “Public Policy, School Organization and Teacher Formation” by UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, and is funded by CAPES agency. Aims to investigate whether public policies to encourage reading, specifically PNBE (National School Library Program) have contributed to the read access, the reader formation, the dynamization of the school library. This research has a qualitative character, since it involves direct contact between the researcher and the object of study, so I choose to make the case study in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)