Internettjänsten The Pirate Bay fälldes av Svea hovrätt den 26 november 2010 för medhjälp till brott mot URL med motiveringen att denna tjänst främjat fildelning av upphovsrättsligt skyddat material utan upphovsmännens samtycke. Bestämmelsen i 23 kap 4 § 2 st. BrB lyder, ”ansvar som i denna balk är föreskrivet för viss gärning skall ådömas inte bara den som utfört gärningen utan även annan som främjat denna med råd eller dåd. Detsamma skall gälla beträffande i annan lag eller författning straffbelagd gärning, för vilken fängelse är föreskrivet.” I dagsläget finns ett flertal tjänster av liknande karaktär såsom söktjänsten Google och videotjänsten Youtube. Dessa har inte prövats av svensk rätt men åtnjuter skydd av E-handelslagen trots att de i praktiken kan anses fungera som The Pirate Bay. Skillnaden är att dessa aktivt handlar för att förebygga förekomsten av upphovsrättsligt skyddat material utan upphovsmännens samtycke. Trots detta förekommer en betydande mängd upphovsrättsligt skyddat material som med stor sannolikhet inte gjorts tillgängligt för allmänheten med upphovsmännens samtycke. Dessa aktörer kan teoretiskt sätt upprätta en policy mot spridning av olovligt material som är tillräcklig för att väga upp den skadan som tillförs upphovsmännen, på så sätt åtnjuter de titeln informationssamhällets tjänst, de vill säga samhällsnyttan väger över den tillförda skadan enligt E-handelslagen. Hovrättens deldom i Pirate Bay-målet är nu en milstolpe för dessa aktörer avseende tolkningen av medhjälpsbegreppet i BrB, men det är ändock av vikt att HD samt EU-domstolen klargör den diffusa gränsen mellan definitionen informationssamhällets tjänst och tolkningen av ordalydelsen i 23 kap 4 § 2 st. BrB (medhjälpsbegreppet). / The Pirate Bay was convicted by the Svea Court of Appeals in November 26, 2010 for aiding in crime against Swedish Copyright Law on the grounds that this service promoted the sharing of copyright material without the authors’ consent. The wording in chapter 23, paragraph 4, part 2 of the Swedish Criminal Code reads, "responsibilities in this section are prescribed for a specific act, it shall be imposed not only on those who carried out the deed, but also the one that facilitated this by giving advice or carrying out deeds. The same shall apply in relation to another law or constitutional criminal offense for which imprisonment is prescribed." Nowadays there are several services of similar nature such as the search engine Google and the video streaming service Youtube. These services have not been tested by Swedish law, since they are protected by the Swedish E-Commerce Law. Google and Youtube actively take actions to prevent the occurrence of copyrighted material without the authors' consent. However, there is a considerable amount of copyright material, which most probably has been made available to the public without the authors' consent. These companies can in theory establish a policy against the proliferation of unauthorized materials in an amount sufficient to offset the damage which affects the copyright owners, but still enjoy the title of information society services in the E-Commerce Law, since the social benefits are larger than the caused injury. The Swedish Court of Appeal's judgement is now a landmark for similar services when it comes to the interpretation of aiding crime against the Swedish copyright law. It is nevertheless important that the Supreme Court of Sweden and the EU-court defines the cloudy boundary between the definition information society services and the interpretation of the wording in the 23 chapter 4 § 2 part, Swedish penal code.

Ce mémoire de maîtrise présente une situation dans laquelle un citoyen ordinaire tente de diffuser sur Internet une opinion critique qu'il dirige contre une grande entreprise commerciale et tente d'analyser les éléments favorables à la diffusion de cette opinion critique ainsi que les embûches qui sont à prévoir. Cet exemple permet d'illustrer les forces et les faiblesses d'Internet en matière de liberté d'expression. Il permet de poser une mise en garde concernant les dangers de transposer les limites actuelles à la liberté d'expression des citoyens au contexte d'Internet. La première partie de l'analyse souligne les caractéristiques d'Internet et les différentes façons d'aborder la question de la liberté d'expression sur Internet selon les approches libertaire, libérale ou interventionniste, pour finalement faire le point sur l'apport d'Internet en matière d'information et de communication. La deuxième partie de l'analyse aborde la question de l'efficience en identifiant les éléments qui encouragent l'exercice de la liberté d'expression et ceux qui découragent les utilisateurs de s'exprimer sur Internet. L'exemple des critiques dirigées contre les oligopoles permet d'illustrer la nécessité d'établir des règles propres à Internet en matière de liberté d'expression. Cet exemple fait ressortir le caractère inadéquat des limites actuelles à la liberté d'expression établies par le droit de la presse, le droit de la radiodiffusion, le droit de propriété et le droit de la propriété intellectuelle. L'auteur vient à la conclusion qu'en matière de liberté d'expression, il serait souhaitable: 1) Que Internet soit considéré comme un espace public de discussion; 2) Que la préséance des intérêts économiques sur les intérêts démocratiques au niveau du développement de la société de l'information soit avouée; 3) Que les inégalités en termes d'opportunités d'expression soient reconnues; 4) Que les limites imposées en vertu des règles du droit de la propriété soient reconsidérées à la lumière des caractéristiques d'Internet. / This master thesis presents a case in which an ordinary citizen tries to spread on the Internet a criticizing opinion aimed at a large company, and attempts to analyse what are the elements in favour of this criticism broadcasting, as weil as the obstacles to be expected. This example allows us to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of the Internet in matter of freedom of speech. It also allows to put forward a warning concerning the risks of transposing current Iimits of freedom of speech in an Internet context. The first part of the analysis underlines the Internet's characteristics and the different ways to broach the subject of freedom of speech over the Internet, following severaI approaches, to finally focus on the Internet's contribution in matter of information and communication. The second part of the analysis deals with the question of efficiency, while identifying the elements that encourage the exercise of freedom of speech and those that discourage Internet users from expressing themselves. The example of criticism aimed toward large companies allows to illustrate the need to establish the Internet's own rules in matter of freedom of speech. What emerges from this example is the inadequate character of current limits to freedom of speech as set up by freedom of the press, broadcasting law, property and intellectual property law. The author concludes that in matter of freedom of speech, it wouId be recommended: 1) that the Internet be considered as a public forum; 2) that the predominance of economic interests over democratic interests in the development of the information society be admitted; 3) that the inequalities in terms of expression opportunities be recognized; 4) that the limits imposed in accordance with property law be reconsidered in an Internet context. / "Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit option droit des technologies de l'information"

Elektroninė atskirtis yra natūralus procesas, kuris atsiranda su naujomis galimybėmis. Ne visi žmonės turi vienodas galimybes naudotis IRT prieinama informacija ir paslaugomis. Dažnai labiausiai pažeidžiamos socialinės grupės (neįgalieji, pagyvenę žmonės, mažiau išsilavinę, emigrantai, imigrantai ir kt.) neturi tokių galimybių kaip kiti naudotis IRT bei jų teikiama nauda, ir tampa atskirti nuo informacinės visuomenės, o tai skatina šių grupių socialinę atskirtį bei didina diskriminaciją. Elektroninė įtrauktis – tai veikla, kurią vykdant siekiama sudaryti galimybes visiems pageidaujantiems žmonėms visapusiškai dalyvauti informacinėje visuomenėje, nepaisant asmeninių ar socialinių kliūčių. Vykdant el. įtraukties politiką siekiama socialinio teisingumo, užtikrinant lygybę žinių visuomenėje. El. įtrauktis yra vienas iš inicijuotos ES programos “i2010 – Europos informacinė visuomenė augimui ir užimtumui skatinti” prioritetų, norint pagerinti žmonių kasdieninio gyvenimo kokybę, kovai su diskriminacija, sukuriant naujas įsidarbinimo galimybes, naudojantis įvairia informacija bei paslaugomis. Norint vykdyti atskirtų socialinių grupių el. įtrauktį, pirmiausia reikia apibrėžti grupes žmonių, kurioms labiausiai gresia el. atskirtis, pažymint tokių grupių amžių, gyvenamąją vietą, lytį, kompiuterinį raštingumą, el. įgūdžius, bei nustatyti, kokiomis priemonėmis reiktų šią atskirtį sumažinti. Šio tiriamojo darbo tikslas – atlikti Lietuvos piliečių nuomonės dėl tolimesnės el. įtraukties... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / E-inclusion is one of the main duty of society which aspires to be the Information Society. The essence of e-inclusion is an adaptation of all participants to new reality where everyone thanks to Information and Communication technologies (ICT) can take part in wider society. The main goal of this work: to define social groups of people, which are particularly threatened with exclusion in Lithuania and what course of action should be chosen to include them. To compare if European IT specialists and citizens have the same opinion for future e-inclusion policy at European level. It is going to achieve the main goal through the completion of the following tasks: · To point main e-inclusion problems and international targets to solve it ; · To see how these problems have been solved in Eastern Europe over 2007 year. · To make a survey in Lithuania which results would define social groups of people which are particularly threatened with exclusion and what course of action should be chosen to include them · To compare the results with similar surveys in Europe and Poland to see if European IT specialists have the same opinion as Lithuanian and Polish citizens for the future e-inclusion policy.

No description available.

Approaching towards the global information society, the development of information technologies in the Lithuanian regions in which there is a high level of digital divide becomes very topical. To develop the topic of the paper, the analysis of literary sources, legal documents, projects under implementation was carried out and qualitative questionnaire of experts was done. Having analysed the e-government situation, factors constructing digital divide, the present policy of the development of information technologies and the projects under implementation, solution models enabling to integrate separate regions successfully were suggested.

This thesis analyzes the role of the global media in world politics. The global media as a major source of information performs many functions in world politics. Due to the technological innovations both the global media and world politics has extended their scope and content. It is the aim of this thesis to explore to what extent the global media and world politics changes and to what extent the global media affect world politics. Moreover, this thesis aims to analyze the actors that play a significant role in the relation of global media and world politics. This thesis will also question the importance and effects of global media in world politics through the examples of Iraq War of 2003. This thesis argues that global media are the important actor of world politics by their agenda-setting, impediment and accelerant effects which influences public opinion. The aim of this thesis is to question the power of the global media on public opinion through the existential media structures, while showing the effects of global media by the examples of Iraq War of 2003.

La tesi defensa la transmutació de la filosofia en la societat de la informació i del coneixement, tant pel que fa referència als nous espais d'aplicació, com als dels temes objecte d'estudi i els mètodes a seguir en la recerca i activitat filosòfica. La tesi està dividida en tres parts: la primera analitza les diferents perspectives filosòfiques de la tècnica i la tecnologia al llarg de la història; la segona reflexiona sobre les característiques de la societat de la informació, la comunicació i del coneixement; i, per últim, la tercera part, com a conseqüència de les dues anteriors, tracta del sentit i de la funció de la filosofia en relació amb la tecnologia i societat actuals. / The thesis defends the transmutation of the philosophy in the society of the information and of the knowledge, as much regarding the new spaces of application as in those of the subjects to treat and the methods to employ in the research and philosophical activity.The thesis is divided into three parts: the first analyzes the different philosophical prospects of the technique and the technology along the history; the second reflects on the characteristics of the society of the information, the communication and of the knowledge; and, as last, the third part, as a consequence of the former two, is of the meaning and of the function of the philosophy in relation to the technology and society today.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2006--Regensburg.

Ο 20ος αιώνας θεωρείται ως ο αιώνας της ακμής αλλά και του τέλους της βιομηχανικής κοινωνίας, ενώ ο 21ος ως η απαρχή μιας καινούργιας εποχής η οποία κυριαρχείται από μια νέα μορφή οικονομικής και κοινωνικής οργάνωσης και λειτουργίας. Η νέα αυτή μορφή της κοινωνίας χαρακτηρίζεται ως Κοινωνία της Γνώσης. Το νόημα, όμως, που λαμβάνει το εκφώνημα Κοινωνία της Γνώσης δεν αφορά σε μία μορφωτική διαδικασία που απευθύνεται σε όλα τα μέλη της κοινωνίας και συνιστά συλλογική ευθύνη της κρατικά οργανωμένης κοινωνίας. Η ανάδυση αυτού του νέου τύπου κοινωνίας σχετίζεται άμεσα με το πέρασμα από τις βιομηχανικές κοινωνίες στις μεταβιομηχανικές και τις αλλαγές που εκτυλίσσονται όσον αφορά τις βασικές αξίες τους, την κοινωνική και πολιτική δομή τους καθώς και τους βασικούς θεσμούς τους. Η παρούσα Διπλωματική Εργασία έχει ως στόχο να διερευνήσει το ρόλο της γνώσης στις μεταβιομηχανικές κοινωνίες μέσα από τις απόψεις τόσο των υπέρμαχων της Κοινωνίας της Γνώσης όσο και των υπερασπιστών του προτάγματος του Διαφωτισμού ώστε να καταδειχθεί στο τέλος η ανάγκη για μια γενική παιδεία έναντι της απόλυτης εξειδίκευσης. / The 20th century is considered as the century of prosperity and the end of industrial society, and the 21st as the beginning of a new era dominated by a new form of economic and social organization and operation. This new form of society is characterized as a knowledge society. The point, however, received the Society of Knowledge broadcasters does not relate to a cultural process that appeals to all members of society and a collective responsibility of government organized society. The emergence of this new type of society is directly related to the transition from post-industrial societies and the changes taking place in basic values, social and political structure and the key institutions. The present thesis aims to investigate the role of knowledge in postindustrial societies through the views of proponents of the knowledge society and the defenders of the Enlightenment project to show in the end the need for a general education versus absolute specialization .

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T15:23:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2528394 bytes, checksum: 2f0f00209a013d5f25c2b4c7c11aebcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Information science plays a fundamental role in the information society, to devise ways for social inclusion through digital inclusion. Accordingly, we developed this research for the Masters Program in Information Science at the Federal University of Paraíba, to intervene in the process of informational exclusion experienced by the Community of Santa Clara (CSC) in João Pessoa, Paraíba. The intervention happened through field research for registration, organization and dissemination of "information sources" (study subjects) comprised of people of the Community. An action of information has been implemented into the CSC to create the virtual interface "Blog da Comunidade Santa Clara" in the Wordpress platform, to disseminate the wealth of knowledge of those depositors of social memory and knowledge of Santa Clara, which will be available for future generations. The appropriation of the research results (the Blog) by the community generated the extension project "Blog Management Course", within the PPGCI/UFPB, whose purpose was to develop information skills for residents of the Community volunteers to continue the blog. Thus, the result of the research at Santa Clara was increased, in reciprocal action of the Community and as assumption of the action-researchmethodology, the determination to continue the publication of the blog (a virtual interface for communication of information). In addition to the extension project for training of volunteers of CSC, the treasure of knowledge disseminators of the Community, we developed a learning activity through a tutorial for creating blogs, in partnership with the "Laboratory of intellectual Technologies" (Laboratório de Tecnologias Intelectuais - LTi) Department of Information Science, UFPB. The inclusion of CSC's treasure of knowledge in cyberspace, as well as empowerment of the community in intellectual competence to use digital technology of communication of information, can promote the recovery of cultural identity of residents of the CSC and citizenship. / A Ciência da Informação desempenha um papel fundamental na sociedade da informação, ao delinear caminhos para a inclusão social por meio da inclusão informacional. Nesse sentido, desenvolvemos esta pesquisa, durante o mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, para intervir no processo de exclusão informacional vivido pela Comunidade Santa Clara (CSC) em João Pessoa, Paraíba. A intervenção ocorreu mediante pesquisa de campo para registro, organização e divulgação das fontes de informação (sujeitos da pesquisa) constituídas por pessoas da Comunidade. Na CSC foi implementada uma ação de informação para criar a interface virtual Blog da Comunidade Santa Clara , na plataforma Wordpress, visando disseminar o tesouro de conhecimentos das pessoas depositárias da memória social e do saber da Santa Clara, que ficará disponível para as próximas gerações. A apropriação dos resultados da pesquisa (O Blog) pela Comunidade gerou o projeto de extensão Curso Gerenciamento de Blogs , no âmbito do PPGCI/UFPB, cuja finalidade foi desenvolver competências em informação para moradores da Comunidade, voluntários para dar continuidade ao blog. Assim, o resultado da pesquisa na Santa Clara foi acrescido, em ação recíproca da Comunidade e conforme pressuposto da metodologia da pesquisa-ação, da determinação de dar continuidade à publicação do blog (a interface virtual de comunicação da informação). Ademais do projeto de extensão para treinamento dos voluntários da CSC, disseminadores do tesouro de conhecimentos da Comunidade, foi desenvolvida uma atividade de ensino mediante um tutorial para criação de blogs, em parceria com o Laboratório de Tecnologias Intelectuais LTi do Departamento de Ciência da Informação da UFPB. A inclusão do tesouro de conhecimentos da CSC no ciberespaço, bem como o empoderamento da Comunidade da competência intelectual para uso da tecnologia digital de comunicação da informação, pode propiciar a valorização da identidade cultural dos moradores da CSC e o exercício da cidadania.