Vortrag anlässlich des Doktoranden-Kolloquiums des UNESCO-Lehrstuhls für Internationale Beziehungen am 23. Juli 2012 im Lingnerschloss Dresden. Die westliche Gesellschaft befindet sich im Übergang von der Industrie- zur Wissensgesellschaft – so lautet eine der bekanntesten Thesen der aktuellen Gesellschaftstheorie. Dabei ist es in erster Linie der Umgang mit Wissen, der die Grundlage für die Bearbeitung aktueller Herausforderungen auf nationaler wie internationaler Ebene darstellt.

Innovative teaching is, in essence, the art of breaking down barriers which prevent educators from preparing learners for the gruelling demands of the 21st century by exploiting the affordances of emerging Information and communications technologies (ICT) to enhance their teaching and learning strategies. The resulting new educational practice can affect roles, learning situations, patterns of interaction, learning spaces, strategies and theories as well as modes of assessment (Mioduser, Nachmias, Tubin,&Forkosh-Baruch, 2002a). The problem addressed in this study is that of innovative teacher knowledge construction and its context. The role of educational technologies in teaching and learning has evolved and changed dramatically over time but little is understood of how this knowledge manifests itself in their practice and how it is replicated and shared in practice. Pioneering, innovative teachers have developed personal theories that may potentially inform future practice once articulated and disseminated. This study sets out to deepen our understanding of how new knowledge is created in practice by innovative teachers and how this knowledge manifests itself in teaching and learning with emerging ICT. The consequent collaboration between researcher and participant teachers can act as a reconciliatory measure between practice and theory. The literature reviewed draws on tenets from socio-cultural theory, critical philosophy, emerging technology and teaching and learning theory and aims to construct rational foundations to assist in the articulation of new theories which, in turn, will better our understanding of this new emerging pedagogical practice. A post-modernistic interpretive prism views the research investigation through the work of teachers qualified as finalists in the Microsoft Innovative Teachers Forum Awards (ITFA) competition. This annual competition recognises and connects innovative teachers who share a common interest in the enhancement of teaching and learning through the use of technology. Data collecting instruments include metadata consisting of educational multimedia artefacts, virtual classroom tours (VCT’s), document analysis, innovative teacher workshops and interviews. The data were qualitatively analysed using Straussian Grounded Theory Method to articulate a substantive theory which aims to better our understanding of knowledge creation when innovative teachers use emerging technology to enhance their teaching and learning. The resultant substantive theory’s three core components comprise moral cohesion; innovation negotiations in context; and responsive governance as essential to innovative teachers’ pedagogical efficacy when they engage with emerging technologies. Innovative teachers’ perception of the professional burden they carry along with their bricoleur attitude allude to them using whatever means and whatever is at hand to equip learners with the skills required to make them contributing members of their community and the information society. Strategies for the constant renewal of pedagogical practices and the need for reflexivity included the appropriation of learners’ personal devices for learning where their disposition had to be carefully managed in accordance with ethical considerations and their various capabilities. Innovative teachers are powerful change agents within their school environments and in this regard a certain amount of freedom could be offered to innovative teachers to further explore their own practice whilst at the same time tasking them with additional responsibilities in growing organisational capabilities. Innovative teachers use their increased status and power within their schools to actively lobby for policy changes through participating in advisory committees and assisting in the drafting of documents that hold strategic, ethical and practical implications for the exploitation of emerging technologies within their schools. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / unrestricted

The aim of the thesis has been to describe and analyse the issue of eHealth in the context of the information society and to define its role in the Czech Republic and the world. Besides the presentation of the basic characteristics of the concept of eHealth, its position within the WHO and the EU, the work has focused mainly on the situation in the field of eHealth in the Czech Republic in relation to the information society at several levels. This includes specialist companies, national and regional projects, specialist conferences, universities and the role of medical libraries in this area. A SWOT analysis with the support of researches on published documents dealing with this topic and the topic of professional conferences is used to analyse the overall condition. The final summary of this survey provides a brief overview of current trends in the concept of eHealth and the outline of future development in the Czech Republic.

In this thesis, the practice of Chaos magick and the practice and mythology of Discordianism are compared to different subversive techniques used in internet culture and specifically in internet trolling. Chaos magick is described from the sigil-making of Austin Osman Spare through the playbacks of William S Burroughs to contemporary practitioners. The Chaos magick practices unveiled in this investigation are compared to practices in internet culture and specifically internet trolling through avariety of different themes, from memes to doxing to the chaos of apophenia.

[pt] O trabalho consiste em uma análise sobre os efeitos do que se convencionou denominar novas tecnologias sobre corpos e experiências não brancas no exercício de sua autonomia, mais precisamente os vieses algorítmicos oriundos de sistemas de inteligência artificial (IA) aplicados a produtos e serviços digitais. Dentro de um cenário global de intensa conectividade, associado a técnicas sofisticadas de IA e uso predatório de dados pessoais, tem-se reproduzido, reforçado e ocultado dinâmicas de discriminação racial em plataformas e ferramentas de busca, políticas de vigilância e acesso a produtos e serviços. Há uma crença eficiente na neutralidade do direito e da tecnologia. No contexto brasileiro, essa crença ainda se apresenta aliada ao compartilhamento do mito da democracia racial, dos pactos narcísicos e do racismo por denegação, de modo que o enfrentamento das desigualdades raciais por tecno-regulação, governança algorítmica, ou mesmo à luz de desafios ético-jurídicos, se mantém esvaziado. Para explorar o fenômeno dos vieses raciais algorítmicos, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre os efeitos da colonialidade na interseção entre direito e tecnologia a partir da categoria políticocultural da amefricanidade, desenvolvida por Lélia Gonzalez. Parte-se da premissa de que, tanto o direito, quanto as novas tecnologias, seguem lidos e construídos sob o signo da branquitude por trás de uma suposta neutralidade e igualdade formal: um lugar de privilégio de racialidade não nomeada. Sob o manto da desigualdade formal mantida pelo direito, a suposta indiferença de algoritmos e autômatos face à identidade racial dos indivíduos reproduz a perversa utilização de características étnico-raciais como mecanismo de exclusão. A construção normativa do direito e os valores éticos que permeiam a construção de uma governança tecnológica, por sua vez, se produzem a partir da experiência da zona do ser. A partir da perspectiva amefricana radicada na experiência brasileira, pretende-se oferecer uma narrativa que reposicione o papel do direito e os desafios ético-jurídicos sobre os processos de violência da zona do não-ser no ambiente digital. / [en] This paper consists of analysis about the effects of what may be called new technologies on not-white bodies and experiences when exercising their autonomy, more precisely algorithmic biases derived from Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems applied to digital products and services. In a global scenario of intense connectivity, associated with sophisticated AI techniques and predatory use of personal data, racial discrimination dynamics is being reproduced, reinforced, and hidden in search platforms and engines, monitoring politics, and products and services access. There is an efficient belief in law and technology neutrality. In the Brazilian scenario, this belief still shows allied to sharing the myth of racial democracy, narcissistic pacts, and racism denial, in a way that confronting racial inequalities by techno-regulation, algorithmic governance, or even to the light of ethical-legal challenges is still devoided. To explore the algorithmic racial bias phenomenon, it is proposed a reflection about coloniality effects in the intersection between law and technology from the Amefricanity politician-cultural category, developed by Lélia Gonzalez. Starting from the premise that law and new technologies keep being read and built on whiteness sign behind supposed neutrality and formal equality: a place of privilege related to not-identified raciality. Under a formal inequality mantle kept by law, the supposed indifference of algorithms and automatons in face of racial identity of individuals reproduces a devilish use of ethnic-racial characteristics as an exclusion mechanism. Right normative construction and ethical values that surface the construction of technological governance, in turn, are produced from the experience included in the being zone. From the Amefrican perspective ingrained in Brazilian experience, it is intended to offer a narrative that re-establish the role law performs and ethical-legal challenges on violence processes found on the not-being zone in digital environment.

В данной диссертационной работе исследуется как в культуре информационного общества происходит репрезентация современного танца благодаря цифровым технологиям. / This dissertation examines how the representation of contemporary dance occurs in the culture of the information society thanks to digital technology.

Yes / Purpose: Digital Financial Services (DFS) have substantial prospect to offer a number of reasonable, appropriate and secure banking services to the underprivileged in developing countries through pioneering technologies such as mobile phone based solutions, digital platforms and electronic money models. DFS allow unbanked people to obtain access to financial services through digital technologies. However, DFS face tough challenges of adoption. Realising this, the aim of this paper is to identify such challenges and develop a framework. Design/Methodology/Approach: We develop a framework of challenges by utilising Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and Fuzzy MICMAC approach. We explored eighteen such unique set of challenges culled from the literature and further gathered data from two sets of expert professionals. In the first phase, we gathered data from twenty-nine professionals followed by eighteen professionals in the second phase. All were pursuing Executive MBA programme from a metropolitan city in South India. The implementation of ISM and fuzzy MICMAC provided a precise set of driving, linkage and dependent variables that were used to derive a framework. Findings: ISM model is split in eight different levels. The bottom level consists of a key driving challenge V11 (i.e. high cost and low return related problem) whereas the topmost level consists of two highly dependent challenges namely V1 (i.e. risk of using digital services) and V14 (i.e. lack of trust). The prescribed ISM model shows the involvement of ‘high cost and low return related problem (V11)’, which triggers further challenges of DFS. Originality/value: None of the existing research has explored key challenges to DFS in detail nor formulated a framework for such challenges. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper on DFS that attempts to collate its challenges and incorporate them in a hierarchical model using ISM and further divide them into four categories of factors using fuzzy MICMAC analysis.

一九九○年代學術界、媒體紛紛出現對於新經濟、知識經濟的介紹，坊間書籍多以主流經濟學觀點描繪新經濟的特性，包括資訊技術、創新、科技、金融投資增加帶來財富增加等美好榮景。然而，當知識經濟被高度稱揚時，社會上卻有越來越多的失業者。 新經濟的宣稱是否顯示資本主義已邁入另一階段的發展進程？資本主義發生了根本的變化了嗎？新經濟的生產模式是否能解決資本主義長久以來的結構性矛盾，還是只是深化和擴大商品化的矛盾？而馬克思主義能否解釋當代資本主義的變化？ 這是本論文的問題意識源起。 每當馬克思主義的研究對象－－資本主義－－發生變化或經歷出乎預料的變革時，馬克思主義的範式（paradigm）就會發生危機。由於對論爭問題的舊表述不與新的現實相適應，所以很容易得出結論說，這種範式（典範）本身被超越和過時了。 本論文的核心論點是：今日的資本主義並未發生根本性的變化。現實界的表象變化並未超出馬克思的理論範圍。在研究方法上，採馬克思的分析方式來切入比較新舊經濟的異同。

Le développement fulgurant des technologies de l’information et de la communication et singulièrement internet au Cameroun a été suivi par un discours marqué d’une certaine passion autour de la mise en oeuvre de la société de l’information. Sans être réticents aux innovations introduites par les nouveaux moyens de télécommunications, nous avons voulu signaler que « l’entrée du Cameroun dans la société de l’information » pose un certain nombre de questions par rapport aux infrastructures de télécommunications, aux réseaux de télécommunications, à la concurrence dans le secteur des télécommunications, etc.…auxquelles il convient d’apporter des réponses claires et précises. Par ailleurs, la réflexion juridique exige une certaine distance vis-à-vis de ces technologies dans la mesure où il se développe des dérapages et atteintes auxquelles s’ajoutent la complexité et la technicité de la matière. Il est alors nécessaire de se doter d’outils pouvant contribuer à les prévenir ou les sanctionner, dans le respect des règles démocratiques. / The lightning development of information and communication technologies and particularly internet in Cameroon was followed by a speech marked with a certain passion around the implémentation of the information society. Without being reluctant to the innovations introduced by the new means of telecommunications, we wanted to indicate that " the entry into the information society " set down certain number of questions with regard to the infrastructures of telecommunications, to the telecommunication networks, to the competition in the sector of telecommunications, etc… to which it is advisable to bring clear and precise answers. Besides, the legal reflection requires a certain distance towards these technologies as far as it develops skids and infringements to which are added the complexity and the technicality of the subject. It is then necessary to be equipped with tools which can contribute to prevent or to sanction them, in the respect for the democratic rules.

"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit option droit des technologies de l'information" / Ce mémoire de maîtrise présente une situation dans laquelle un citoyen ordinaire tente de diffuser sur Internet une opinion critique qu'il dirige contre une grande entreprise commerciale et tente d'analyser les éléments favorables à la diffusion de cette opinion critique ainsi que les embûches qui sont à prévoir. Cet exemple permet d'illustrer les forces et les faiblesses d'Internet en matière de liberté d'expression. Il permet de poser une mise en garde concernant les dangers de transposer les limites actuelles à la liberté d'expression des citoyens au contexte d'Internet. La première partie de l'analyse souligne les caractéristiques d'Internet et les différentes façons d'aborder la question de la liberté d'expression sur Internet selon les approches libertaire, libérale ou interventionniste, pour finalement faire le point sur l'apport d'Internet en matière d'information et de communication. La deuxième partie de l'analyse aborde la question de l'efficience en identifiant les éléments qui encouragent l'exercice de la liberté d'expression et ceux qui découragent les utilisateurs de s'exprimer sur Internet. L'exemple des critiques dirigées contre les oligopoles permet d'illustrer la nécessité d'établir des règles propres à Internet en matière de liberté d'expression. Cet exemple fait ressortir le caractère inadéquat des limites actuelles à la liberté d'expression établies par le droit de la presse, le droit de la radiodiffusion, le droit de propriété et le droit de la propriété intellectuelle. L'auteur vient à la conclusion qu'en matière de liberté d'expression, il serait souhaitable: 1) Que Internet soit considéré comme un espace public de discussion; 2) Que la préséance des intérêts économiques sur les intérêts démocratiques au niveau du développement de la société de l'information soit avouée; 3) Que les inégalités en termes d'opportunités d'expression soient reconnues; 4) Que les limites imposées en vertu des règles du droit de la propriété soient reconsidérées à la lumière des caractéristiques d'Internet. / This master thesis presents a case in which an ordinary citizen tries to spread on the Internet a criticizing opinion aimed at a large company, and attempts to analyse what are the elements in favour of this criticism broadcasting, as weil as the obstacles to be expected. This example allows us to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of the Internet in matter of freedom of speech. It also allows to put forward a warning concerning the risks of transposing current Iimits of freedom of speech in an Internet context. The first part of the analysis underlines the Internet's characteristics and the different ways to broach the subject of freedom of speech over the Internet, following severaI approaches, to finally focus on the Internet's contribution in matter of information and communication. The second part of the analysis deals with the question of efficiency, while identifying the elements that encourage the exercise of freedom of speech and those that discourage Internet users from expressing themselves. The example of criticism aimed toward large companies allows to illustrate the need to establish the Internet's own rules in matter of freedom of speech. What emerges from this example is the inadequate character of current limits to freedom of speech as set up by freedom of the press, broadcasting law, property and intellectual property law. The author concludes that in matter of freedom of speech, it wouId be recommended: 1) that the Internet be considered as a public forum; 2) that the predominance of economic interests over democratic interests in the development of the information society be admitted; 3) that the inequalities in terms of expression opportunities be recognized; 4) that the limits imposed in accordance with property law be reconsidered in an Internet context.