Forskningsfrågor: •Hur upplever ledare fenomenet Groupthinkinom innovation och utvecklingsarbete och hur det yttrar sig i deras team? •Hur kan en förståelse för Groupthinkförändra processer för beslutsfattanden? Syfte: Huvudsyftet med studien är att öka kunskapen om GT och dess förekomst upplevs hos ledare för innovation och utvecklingsprojekt inom svenska organisationer. Vidare är syftet att skapa en uppfattning av hur en bredare förståelse för GT kan förändra ledares arbetssätt vid beslutsfattande. Metod: Flermetodsforskning med tvärsnittsdesign. Kvalitativ delen är intervjuer med tematisk analys och den kvantitativ del är enkäter som analyserats genom olika delkodningar. Slutsats: GT uttrycker sig i innovationsteam i svenska organisationer, men på ett positivt sätt. Problematiken ligger i när orsaker och symptom slår över till konsekvenser (Aronson et.al., 2020). Beroende på organisationens storlek och bransch så kan denna gräns variera, det tyder däremot på att organisationer inom offentlig sektor har en större risk att slå över till konsekvenserna. Det beror på att de har mer restriktioner och färre som besitter mandat, vilket minskar flexibiliteten och i sin tur ens innovativa förmåga. De finns däremot också risker för mindre organisationer då risken för starkt sammanhållna grupper ökar när de inte besitter samma resurser eller är lika belägna till att arbeta ad hoc. / Research questions: •How do leaders experience the phenomenon groupthink in innovation and development work and the way groupthinkexpressesitselfintheirteams? •How can an understanding of groupthinkchange the process of decision making? Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about GT and how it ́s occurrence is experienced by leaders in innovation and development work within Swedish organizations. Furthermore, the aim is to get an apprehension of how a broader understanding of GT can change the way leaders work in decision-making. Method: Mixed methods research with a cross-sectional design. The qualitative method uses interviews with a thematic analysis, the quantitative method uses questionnaires analyzed through different partial coding's. Conclusion: GT expresses itself in innovation teams in Swedish organizations, though in a positive way. Problematic here is when antecedent conditions and symptoms emerges into consequences (Aronson et al., 2020). Depending on the branch of industry and size of the organization the line between antecedent/symptoms and consequences differs, it also seems that organizations within public sector runs a bigger risk of reaching the consequences of GT. This because of higher restrictions and fewer with mandate to reach a conclusion, this decreases the flexibility leading to a decrease in innovative abilities. There are also risks within smaller organizations because of the risk for more cohesive groups since they do not have the same personnel resources or aren't as inclined to work ad hoc.

Background:  The increment of global population flows has challenged businesses to harness the potential of a culturally diverse environment. Nonetheless, previous studies on the effect of cultural diversity on teams has been equivocal, specifically when it is related to a firm’s innovation process. Mostly, these said studies have been focusing on cultural diversity as an input and innovation performance as an output. This means, understanding the mechanisms under which cultural diversity affects team performance has yet to be established. There is however a consensus among scholars that cultural diversity can act as a “double-edged sword” as it can be a source of friction and conflict, but also synergy and learning.  Purpose:  The purpose of this study is to explore multicultural team dynamics involved in the new product development process and determine if and how cultural diversity affects the innovation process, particularly, in a global knowledge-intensive firm. Our study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of how cultural differences drive specific team processes, and thereby, offer both practitioners and scholars important insights.  Method:  We made use of a qualitative research approach with an exploratory design and a single holistic case study of a Swedish-based global, knowledge-intensive company. By conducting semi-structured interviews with members of multicultural NPD teams and one HR representative, we gained an understanding of different views and experiences that shape the team dynamics, which ultimately influences the innovation process.  Conclusion:  The results of this study suggest that cultural diversity does not directly impact the innovation process, but rather the effect is influenced by certain contextual factors and materializes through specific team outcomes. These outcomes could positively or negatively impact the innovation process.

Диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка использованной литературы из 93 наименований и приложений. Основное содержание работы изложено на 120 страницах основного текста, включающего 16 таблиц и 34 рисунка. В настоящей работе систематизированы теоретические и практические основы организации инновационной деятельности строительного предприятия. Основное внимание уделено рассмотрению вопросов сущности инноваций, эффективной организации инновационных бизнес–процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии. Разработана модель организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии, основанная на существующих подходах и процессах бенчмаркинга, учитывающих специфику существующих и новых процессов предприятия, что позволяет оперативно воздействовать на изменения всех бизнес-процессов, с сокращением временных и финансовых издержек при строительстве энергоэффективных «умных» жилых комплексов. Разработанный инструментарий управления может быть использован в практической инновационной деятельности предприятий строительного комплекса по созданию энергоэффективных «умных» жилых домов. Во введении обоснована актуальность темы, сформулирована цель, задачи, определены предмет и объект исследования, обозначена научная и практическая ценность исследования. В первой главе «Обзор теоретических взглядов организации инновационных процессов в деятельности строительного предприятия» проведен анализ научных источников зарубежных и отечественных авторов, связанных с используемой терминологией по предложенному направлению исследования; исследованы основные проблемы организации инновационных бизнес-процессов на строительном предприятии; проведен сравнительный анализ существующих подходов к организации инновационных бизнес-процессов. Во второй главе «Анализ подходов к организации инновационных бизнес-процессов на строительном предприятии» проведен сравнительный анализ временных этапов формирования отечественного строительного комплекса в рамках «эволюции моделей инновационного процесса»; обобщены существующие подходы к исследованию и разработанным мероприятиям по аккумуляции мирового опыта и внедрению инноваций в строительной области, а также, развитию российских технологий на сегодняшний день; разработан рабочий поток процесса бенчмаркинга по внедрению инноваций на строительном предприятии. В третьей главе «Разработка модели организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в деятельности строительного предприятия «СМУ-3» разработана модель организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии; представлены предполагаемые практические данные о результатах апробации предложенного инструментария на примере строительного предприятия «СМУ-3». / The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, a list of used literature from 93 titles and applications. The main content of the work is outlined on 120 pages of the main text, which includes 16 tables and 34 figures. In this paper, the theoretical and practical foundations of the organization of the innovative activity of a construction enterprise are systematized. The main attention is paid to the issues of the essence of innovations, the effective organization of innovative business processes in order to bring "energy-efficient innovations" to the market in the construction industry. A model of organization of innovative business processes for the purpose of launching "energy-efficient innovations" in the construction industry based on existing approaches and benchmarking processes that take into account the specifics of existing and new enterprise processes that allows to operatively influence changes in all business processes, with a reduction in temporary And financial costs in the construction of energy-efficient "smart" residential complexes. The developed management toolkit can be used in practical innovative activity of the enterprises of a building complex on creation of energy-efficient "smart" dwelling houses. In the introduction, the relevance of the topic is substantiated, the goal, objectives are formulated, the subject and object of research are determined, the scientific and practical value of the research is indicated. In the first chapter "Review of the theoretical views of the organization of innovative processes in the activities of a construction enterprise," an analysis was made of the scientific sources of foreign and domestic authors related to the terminology used in the proposed research direction; The main problems of organization of innovative business processes at a construction company are investigated; A comparative analysis of existing approaches to the organization of innovative business processes. In the second chapter, "Analysis of approaches to the organization of innovative business processes at a construction enterprise," a comparative analysis of the time stages of the formation of the domestic construction complex was carried out within the framework of the "evolution of models of the innovation process"; The existing approaches to research and developed measures on accumulation of world experience and introduction of innovations in the construction field, as well as the development of Russian technologies to date, are summarized; The working flow of the benchmarking process for introducing innovations in a construction enterprise was developed. In the third chapter "Development of the model of organization of innovative business processes in the activity of the construction enterprise "SMU-3", a model of organization of innovative business processes was developed to bring" energy-efficient innovations "to the market in the construction industry; Presented prospective practical data on the results of approbation of the proposed toolkit on the example of the construction enterprise "SMU-3".

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Gestaltung und Durchführung des Prototypings im Innovationsprozess mit Hilfe einer Virtual- Reality – Anwendung. Die Fallstudie und das Lehrformat wurde mit Hilfe der Oculus Quest 2 durchgeführt unter Benutzung der Anwendung „Glue“, einer Plattform für virtuelle Zusammenarbeit von Teams und für Meetings. Zunächst wird die virtuelle Realität als Kreativitätsmedium im Prototypingprozess eingeführt sowie die Vor- und Nachteile der gewählten VR-Anwendung erläutert. Anschließend wird das Vorgehen des Prozesses in der interdisziplinären Gruppe aus Bachelorstudierenden beschrieben. Die Ergebnisse wurden auf Basis von Literaturanalysen sowie Beobachtungen bei der Durchführung der Fallstudie sowie Testimonials der Durchführenden bewertet. Zu den Kernerkenntnissen gehört die Durchführbarkeit des Prototypings in (interdisziplinären) Lerngruppen auch ohne Vorkenntnisse in VR, die Durchführbarkeit eines simultanen und ortsunabhängigen Prototypings in der VR-Anwendung „Glue“ sowie Möglichkeit der Kombinierbarkeit der Prototypen im virtuellen Raum mit anderen Methoden entlang des Innovationsprozesses wie beispielsweise dem Storytelling oder der Geschäftsmodellentwicklung.

Mittels der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Entscheidungsinstrument zur ganzheitlichen Beurteilung von Prozessketten erarbeitet. Für die ganzheitliche Ausrichtung wurden ökonomische, ökologische und produktbezogene Aspekte einbezogen. Im konzeptionellen Teil wurden die einzelnen notwendigen Schritte einer Prozesskettenbewertung wie Festlegung der Systemgrenzen, Modellierung, Festlegung der Zielgrößen etc. hinsichtlich möglicher Ausgestaltungen diskutiert. Hierbei wurden mögliche Lösungen für bestehende Probleme hinsichtlich ihrer Zweckmäßigkeit diskutiert. Dabei folgten die Überlegungen bezüglich der Zweckmäßigkeit einerseits der Erfüllung abgeleiteter Gütekriterien und andererseits der Frage, unter welchen Voraussetzungen diese umsetzbar sind. Der so im Theorieteil herausgearbeitete Entscheidungsbaum wurde anschließend auf eine Fallstudie aus dem Bereich der Gießereiindustrie angewendet. Hierbei konnte einerseits die Anwendbarkeit gezeigt als auch der Umgang mit individuellen Herausforderungen dargestellt werden.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Anlagenverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis 1 Einführung 1.1 Problemstellung und Forschungsziel 1.2 Forschungsstand und –lücke 1.3 Forschungsfragen und Aufbau der Dissertation 2 Theoretische Fundierung der Bewertungsmethode 2.1 Begriff und Arten von Prozessinnovationen 2.2 Gütekriterien der Bewertungsmethode 2.3 Vorgehen bei der Prozesskettenbewertung 2.3.1 Ansätze in der Literatur 2.3.1.1 Bewertungsmethoden mit ökologischem Fokus 2.3.1.2 Bewertungsmethoden mit ökonomischem Fokus 2.3.1.3 Bewertungsmethoden mit einem ökonomisch-ökologischem Fokus 2.3.1.4 Bewertungsmethoden zur Beurteilung der Produkte 2.3.2 Darstellung der Bewertungsschritte 2.4 Vorstellung der Fallstudie 3 Konzeptionelle Ausgestaltung der Bewertungsmethode 3.1 Festlegung der Systemgrenzen 3.2 Modellierung der Prozesskette 3.3 Ableitung und Differenzierung der Zielgrößen 3.3.1 Ökonomische Zielgröße 3.3.2 Ökologische Zielgröße 3.3.3 Produktbezogene Zielgröße 3.4 Bestimmung der Einflussgrößen 3.5 Bestimmung der Bezugsgröße 3.6 Bewertung der Prozesskette 3.6.1 Ökonomische Bewertung 3.6.1.1 Bestimmung der relevanten Kosten und Erlöse 3.6.1.2 Bestimmung der Cashflows und des Kalkulationszinssatzes 3.6.2 Ökologische Bewertung 3.6.3 Produktbezogene Bewertung 3.7 Ableitung des ganzheitlichen Ergebnisses 3.8 Durchführung der Sensitivitätsanalyse 3.9 Ableitung eines Entscheidungsbaumes 3.10 Prüfung der Bewertungsmethode 4 Anwendung der Bewertungsmethode auf die Fallstudie 4.1 Festlegung der Systemgrenzen und Modellierung der Prozesse 4.2 Bestimmung der Zielgrößen 4.3 Bestimmung der Einfluss- und Bezugsgrößen 4.3.1 Einflussgrößen der Prozessketten Lösungsglühen und Selbstaushärtung 4.3.2 Bezugsgröße der Prozessketten Lösungsglühen und Selbstaushärtung 4.4 Durchführung der ganzheitlichen Prozesskettenbewertung 4.4.1 Ökonomische Bewertung der Prozessketten 4.4.2 Ökologische Bewertung der Prozessketten 4.4.3 Produktbezogene Bewertung der Prozessketten 4.4.4 Ableitung des ganzheitlichen Ergebnisses 4.5 Durchführung der Sensitivitätsanalyse 4.5.1 Variation eines Einflussfaktors 4.5.1.1 Veränderung der Ausbringungsmenge 4.5.1.2 Veränderung der Preisindizes 4.5.2 Variation von zwei Einflussfaktoren 4.5.3 Berücksichtigung von Schwankungen der Messwerte 4.6 Interpretation des ganzheitlichen Ergebnisses und der Sensitivitätsanalysen 5 Fazit Anhang Literaturverzeichnis

This thesis examines product innovation processes in small established enterprises. The research questions are: (1) what motivates small established enterprises to innovate, (2) how do small established enterprises perform product innovation, and (3) how do small established enterprises manage resource scarcity in their product innovation processes? To answer the research questions, a multiple case study approach was chosen with three small established enterprises as cases and different product innovation processes as embedded units of study. The data collection method used was observation during a period of five months, complemented by interviews and secondary data. Product innovation in small established enterprises seems to be motivated by solving existing customers’ problems and the need for a sustained steady cash flow. A steady cash flow is also found to be a prerequisite during the product innovation processes. Product innovation seems to occur when there is a risk of decreased cash flow and/or when existing customers can be satisfied with new products that increase their loyalty so as to secure future sales, cash flow, and the enterprise’s survival in the long run. Promising innovation ideas alone do not result in product innovation. An innovation idea must also have supportive existing customers for product innovation to occur. Product innovation processes in the studied small established enterprises are found highly context dependent, intertwined in operational processes and made possible by a small organic organization and closeness to existing customers. The product innovation processes are further found to follow a flexible and informal overall scheme optimized for decreasing market and technology uncertainty and risk, dealing with resource scarcity, and facilitating fast and easy commercialization to avoid or moderate dips in cash flow. The design processes within the innovation processes can be linearly structured or cyclical and experimental, depending on the experienced novelty. To manage resource scarcity during the product innovation processes, the studied small enterprises used many different bootstrapping methods in combination. These methods can be divided into three categories according to their overall functions: for using existing resources more efficiently, for increasing resources and to secure a fast payback on resources invested in NPD. The studied small enterprises were due to their resource scarcity further found to favor an innovation strategy, only involving new products done with known technology and targeting existing markets. This way to innovate, which creates new products in a resource-efficient way that are accepted by the enterprises’ existing markets, seems to prevent unsuccessful product innovation, while at the same time excluding technologically radical innovation and innovation targeting new markets.

Les changements technologiques ont des effets structurants sur l’organisation des soins dans notre système de santé. Les professionnels de la santé et les patients – les principaux utilisateurs des innovations médicales – sont des acteurs clés dans les trajectoires suivies par les nouvelles technologies en santé. Pour développer des technologies médicales plus efficaces, sécuritaires et conviviales, plusieurs proposent d’intensifier la collaboration entre les utilisateurs et les développeurs. Cette recherche s’intéresse à cette prémisse sur la participation des utilisateurs dans les processus d’innovation médicale. L'objectif général de cette recherche est de mieux comprendre la collaboration entre les utilisateurs et les développeurs impliqués dans la transformation des innovations médicales. Adoptant un cadre d’analyse sociotechnique, cette thèse par articles s’articule autour de trois objectifs : 1) décrire comment la littérature scientifique définit les objectifs, les méthodes et les enjeux de l’engagement des utilisateurs dans le développement des innovations médicales; 2) analyser les perspectives d’utilisateurs et de développeurs de technologies médicales quant à leur collaboration dans le processus d’innovation; et 3) analyser comment sont mobilisés, en pratique, des utilisateurs dans le développement d’une innovation médicale. Le premier objectif s’appuie sur une synthèse structurée des écrits scientifiques (n=101) portant sur le phénomène de la participation des utilisateurs dans les processus d’innovation médicale. Cette synthèse a dégagé les méthodes appliquées ou proposées pour faire participer les utilisateurs, les arguments normatifs véhiculés ainsi que les principaux enjeux soulevés. Le deuxième objectif repose sur l’analyse de trois groupes de discussion délibératifs et d'une plénière impliquant des utilisateurs et des développeurs (n=19) de technologies médicales. L’analyse a permis d’examiner leurs perspectives à l'égard de diverses approches de collaboration dans les processus d'innovation. Le troisième objectif implique l’étude d’une innovation en électrophysiologie lors de la phase de recherche clinique. Cette étude de cas unique s'appuie sur une analyse qualitative d'études cliniques (n=57) et des éditoriaux et synthèses de connaissances dans des revues médicales spécialisées (n=15) couvrant une période de dix ans (1999 à 2008) ainsi que des entrevues semi-dirigées avec des acteurs clés impliqués dans le processus d’innovation (n=3). Cette étude a permis de mieux comprendre comment des utilisateurs donne un sens, s’approprient et légitiment une innovation médicale en contexte de recherche clinique. La contribution générale de cette thèse consiste en une meilleure compréhension de l’apport des utilisateurs dans les processus d’innovation médicale et de sa capacité à aligner plus efficacement le développement technologique avec les objectifs du système de santé. / Technological changes have major effects on health care organization. Health professionals and patients – the main users of medical innovations – are key actors in the ongoing development and refinement of new medical technologies. To develop more efficient, safe and user-friendly medical technologies, many propose enhancing collaboration between technology users and developers. This research investigates the premise of involving users in the medical innovation process. The main objective of this research is to better understand the collaboration between users and developers involved in the transformation of medical innovations. Adopting a sociotechnical approach, this thesis by article has three objectives: 1) Describe how the literature defines the objectives, methods and issues of engaging users in the development of medical innovations; 2) Analyze the perspectives of users and developers of medical technologies with regards to their collaboration in the innovation process; and 3) Analyze how users are mobilized in practice in the development of medical innovation. The first objective is addressed by a narrative synthesis of the scientific literature (n=101) on user involvement in the medical innovation process. This synthesis has identified the methods used or proposed, normative arguments conveyed, and the main issues raised by involving users. Analysis of data from three deliberative focus groups and a plenary involving users and developers (n=19) of medical technology were employed to address the second objective. The analysis details their perspectives on various modes of collaboration in the innovation process. The third objective involves a case study of an innovation in electrophysiology at the clinical research phase. This case study is based on a qualitative analysis of clinical studies (n=57), editorials and reviews in medical journals (n=15) covering a ten year period (1999-2008) and semi-structured interviews with key actors involved in the innovation process (n=3). This study provides insight into how users make sense of, appropriate and legitimize medical innovation in the context of clinical research. The overall contribution of this thesis is a better understanding of user involvement in the medical innovation process and how to more effectively align technological development with the objectives of the health system.

A inovação tem sido amplamente reconhecida como uma fonte essencial de vantagem competitiva para as organizações. Este estudo buscou evidenciar, sob a ótica da teoria da aprendizagem organizacional, que as empresas precisam ser capazes de recombinar e criar seus recursos por meio do comportamento de bricolagem, com a finalidade de desenvolver a inovação frugal em mercados emergentes. Assim, nesta pesquisa procurou-se responder a seguinte pergunta: A bricolagem configura-se como um antecedente da inovação frugal para empresas em mercados emergentes? Logo, neste trabalho o objetivo principal foi identificar se a bricolagem influencia no desenvolvimento da inovação frugal. Além disso, analisou-se também se a bricolagem é estimulada em contextos de crise, evidenciados em mercados emergentes pela escassez de recursos e por crises financeiras, como no caso do Brasil. Assim, na pesquisa levantou-se as seguintes hipóteses: H1: O processo de bricolagem está positivamente relacionado com a inovação frugal; H2: A inovatividade organizacional modera positivamente a relação entre bricolagem e inovação frugal; H3: Um contexto de crise estimula a utilização da bricolagem nas empresas para desenvolver recursos. Essas hipóteses foram testadas estatisticamente por meio da técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais, utilizando-se uma base de dados coletados pelo método survey contendo 215 empresas no Brasil. Os resultados permitiram suportar as hipóteses H1 e H3 confirmando, respectivamente, a influência positiva da bricolagem no desenvolvimento de inovação frugal, e a influência do contexto de crise no comportamento da bricolagem. A hipótese H2 não foi confirmada, denotando que a inovatividade organizacional não necessariamente modera a relação da bricolagem com a inovação frugal. Com isso, contribuiu-se com a literatura de bricolagem e de inovação frugal, bem como estabeleceu-se uma ligação entre ambas, evidenciando a bricolagem como antecedente para desenvolver inovação frugal, principalmente em contextos de crise em mercados emergentes como o vivenciado no Brasil. / Innovation has been broadly recognized as a fundamental source of competitive advantage for organizations. This study sought to highlight, through the perspective of the organizational learning theory, that companies need to be able to recombine and create their resources through the bricolage behavior in order to develop the frugal innovation in emerging markets. Thus, in this research we tried to answer the following question: Is bricolage an antecedent of frugal innovation for companies in emerging markets? Therefore, in this work the main objective was to identify whether bricolage can influence the development of frugal innovation. In addition, it was also analyzed whether bricolage is stimulated in crisis contexts, evidenced in emerging markets due to resource scarcity and financial crises, as in the case of Brazil. In this sense, the following hypotheses were established: H1: The bricolage process is positively related to frugal innovation; H2: Organizational innovativeness positively moderates the relationship between bricolage and frugal innovation; H3: A crisis context encourages the use of bricolage in companies to develop resources. These hypotheses were statistically tested using the structural equation modeling technique, using a database collected by the survey method encompassing 215 companies in Brazil. The results allowed to support the hypothesis H1 and H3 confirming, respectively, the positive influence of bricolage in the development of frugal innovation, and the influence of the crisis context on the bricolage behavior. The hypothesis H2 was not confirmed, denoting that organizational innovativeness does not necessarily moderate the relationship between bricolage and frugal innovation. This study has contributed to the literature of bricolage and frugal innovation, as well as established a connection between both, evidencing the bricolage as antecedent to develop frugal innovation, especially in contexts of crisis in emerging markets such as experienced in Brazil

A inovação tem sido amplamente reconhecida como uma fonte essencial de vantagem competitiva para as organizações. Este estudo buscou evidenciar, sob a ótica da teoria da aprendizagem organizacional, que as empresas precisam ser capazes de recombinar e criar seus recursos por meio do comportamento de bricolagem, com a finalidade de desenvolver a inovação frugal em mercados emergentes. Assim, nesta pesquisa procurou-se responder a seguinte pergunta: A bricolagem configura-se como um antecedente da inovação frugal para empresas em mercados emergentes? Logo, neste trabalho o objetivo principal foi identificar se a bricolagem influencia no desenvolvimento da inovação frugal. Além disso, analisou-se também se a bricolagem é estimulada em contextos de crise, evidenciados em mercados emergentes pela escassez de recursos e por crises financeiras, como no caso do Brasil. Assim, na pesquisa levantou-se as seguintes hipóteses: H1: O processo de bricolagem está positivamente relacionado com a inovação frugal; H2: A inovatividade organizacional modera positivamente a relação entre bricolagem e inovação frugal; H3: Um contexto de crise estimula a utilização da bricolagem nas empresas para desenvolver recursos. Essas hipóteses foram testadas estatisticamente por meio da técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais, utilizando-se uma base de dados coletados pelo método survey contendo 215 empresas no Brasil. Os resultados permitiram suportar as hipóteses H1 e H3 confirmando, respectivamente, a influência positiva da bricolagem no desenvolvimento de inovação frugal, e a influência do contexto de crise no comportamento da bricolagem. A hipótese H2 não foi confirmada, denotando que a inovatividade organizacional não necessariamente modera a relação da bricolagem com a inovação frugal. Com isso, contribuiu-se com a literatura de bricolagem e de inovação frugal, bem como estabeleceu-se uma ligação entre ambas, evidenciando a bricolagem como antecedente para desenvolver inovação frugal, principalmente em contextos de crise em mercados emergentes como o vivenciado no Brasil. / Innovation has been broadly recognized as a fundamental source of competitive advantage for organizations. This study sought to highlight, through the perspective of the organizational learning theory, that companies need to be able to recombine and create their resources through the bricolage behavior in order to develop the frugal innovation in emerging markets. Thus, in this research we tried to answer the following question: Is bricolage an antecedent of frugal innovation for companies in emerging markets? Therefore, in this work the main objective was to identify whether bricolage can influence the development of frugal innovation. In addition, it was also analyzed whether bricolage is stimulated in crisis contexts, evidenced in emerging markets due to resource scarcity and financial crises, as in the case of Brazil. In this sense, the following hypotheses were established: H1: The bricolage process is positively related to frugal innovation; H2: Organizational innovativeness positively moderates the relationship between bricolage and frugal innovation; H3: A crisis context encourages the use of bricolage in companies to develop resources. These hypotheses were statistically tested using the structural equation modeling technique, using a database collected by the survey method encompassing 215 companies in Brazil. The results allowed to support the hypothesis H1 and H3 confirming, respectively, the positive influence of bricolage in the development of frugal innovation, and the influence of the crisis context on the bricolage behavior. The hypothesis H2 was not confirmed, denoting that organizational innovativeness does not necessarily moderate the relationship between bricolage and frugal innovation. This study has contributed to the literature of bricolage and frugal innovation, as well as established a connection between both, evidencing the bricolage as antecedent to develop frugal innovation, especially in contexts of crisis in emerging markets such as experienced in Brazil

Background: The needs of the consumers seem to develop at the same rate as the technology advancements and put more pressure on firms to produce new and innovative products at a faster pace. Research has shown that external sources can have a significant effect on the firms’ innovation performance, but the results are partial contradicting and more research is needed. Purpose: Investigate customer and supplier involvement in product innovation in Swedish manufacturing firms. Delimitations: The study was carried out to manufacturing firms in Sweden, as Swedish firms are the most innovative in Europe at this point in time. Only large and medium sized firms were under investigation as larger firms are more eager to innovate than smaller firms. Method: The research had a deductive quantitative approach. The data was collected through a questionnaire sent out by e-mail and 124 firms participated in the study. After assessing validity and reliability, the hypotheses were tested by multiple and single regression analysis. Conclusions: Firms that strives to improve their new product development process should seize their customer’s knowledge and use it to co-develop new products. Another important factor was to use lead users, as these will improve the innovativeness even more than “ordinary” customers. The study found no support for early supplier integration in the new product development process.