Following the invention of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its rapid dissemination across the globe, organisations have been experiencing a significant shift in processes, performance, and business models. As a result of the hype created by the release of ChatGPT, both the business and academic world has approached AI with a new and enormous interest. However, studies about different aspects in relation to perceptions and attitudes towards AI adoption in the private sector, and particularly, case studies are limited.  Aim: This Bachelor’s thesis aims to analyse the perceptions of management, IT management, and frontline employees about the implementation and impact of AI in large companies, focusing on Scania as a representative of a large automotive multinational corporation. Through the study, we attempt to explore the perceptions about a range of aspects about AI, such as its impact on change in organisation, impact on job and skills, trust in AI, AI opportunities and risk. We also aim to understand the effect of the advent of ChatGPT on perceptions about AI and its integration in organisation.  Methodology: This thesis is a qualitative case study that employed semi-structured interviews for collection of empirical data. The sample was generated through convenience sampling and included representatives of the company of following groups: IT-managers, managers, and non-managerial employees. This ensured a broad representation of views concerning AI implementation and impact in Scania. Conclusion and Contribution: Our findings reveal that AI implementation and impact perceptions range depending on job roles, primarily when it comes to the perceptions towards AI usefulness, risks and opportunities, and its impact on jobs. Additionally, we argue that the launch of ChatGPT has enhanced AI’s awareness and acceptance as a new technology. The thesis can be utilised as a basis for future studies on perceptions and factors affecting AI implementation and impact of representatives of different job positions and levels, as well as a guidance for managers on employees' awareness, expectations, and opinions on AI.

Studien syftade till att undersöka hur det nya teknikskiftet som generativ AI medför kommer att påverka arbetsmarknaden i Sverige. Som metod användes en kvalitativ fallstudie med ett snöbollsurval där sex respondenter intervjuades, alla på olika avdelningar inom samma företaget. Semistrukturerade intervjuer användes för att samla in data och den insamlade informationen analyserades genom tematisk analys. Resultatet visade att respondenterna inte ansåg att arbetstillfällen kommer påverkas i antal, utan mer att arbetsuppgifterna kommer omformas samt att det kan bli en ny arbetsprofil som eftersöks. Studien visade också på att den generativa AI:n öppnar upp för nya arbetsmöjligheter och förbättrar företagseffektiviteten. / The study aimed to investigate how the new technological shift introduced by generative AI will impact the labor market in Sweden. A qualitative case study approach was employed, using a snowball sampling method to select six respondents from various departments within the company. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data, which was then analyzed through thematic analysis. The results indicated that respondents did not believe that the number of jobs would be affected, but rather that job tasks would be reshaped and might require a new skillset. Generative AI opens up new job opportunities and enhances business efficiency.

In this research project the research participants and I embarked on a journey through the "desert" of unemployment. I was introduced to the research participants at Jacob's Well, a ministry for people "between jobs" The effects of unemployment on a male's identity were explored, as well as the pastoral response of caregivers to people "between jobs". A phenomenological study was undertaken in which interviews with the participants formed the basis of the research. The structured section of the interviews was guided by the research questions, but the largest part of the interviews was about the participants' personal journeys "between jobs." The role of a ministry like Jacob's Well, catering for people "between jobs", was highlighted and recommendations for practical theology and pastoral praxis were made. / Practical Theolgy / M.Th. (Practical Theology with specialiisation in Pastoral Therapy)

När den svenska regeringen beslöt sig för att sänka restaurangmomsen den 1 januari 2012, gjordes det för att stimulera restaurangbranschen att sänka priserna på måltiderna, nyanställa och eliminera svartjobb. Vid en sänkning av momsen frigörs kapital, ett extra ekonomiskt utrymme, som för företagen blir en tillgång som de själva får avgöra hur det kommer disponeras. Denna studie ämnar ta reda på vilka effekter momssänkningen kommer medföra för branschen och hur restaurangägarna disponerat det ekonomiska utrymmet. Material har införskaffats genom en enkätundersökning med restaurangägare, intervjuer med hotell- och restaurangfacket samt branschorganisationen Visita. Med utgångspunkter bland annat inom nationalekonomiska teorier visar undersökningen att restaurangägare valt att använda det ekonomiska utrymmet till att nyanställa, sänka sina priser, genomföra renoveringar eller till överlevnadsmarginaler. Detta tyder på att det finns en spridning över hur restaurangägarna handlat. Faktorer som kan vara av betydelse över hur restauranger agerar är företagets storlek och form samt hur konkurrenterna i dess omgivning agerar. / When the Swedish government decided to cut the restaurant VAT January 1st, 2012, was made for the purpose of encouraging the restaurant industry. In turn, the restaurants would choose to lower the prices of meals, hire new employees and eliminate illegal work. When VAT is lowered it releases capital, an additional financial fund. For the restaurants it’s an asset, which they can determine how it should be allocated. This study aims to determine the effects of VAT reduction on the industry and how restaurant owners have chosen to make with the additional funds. The material has been obtained by conducting a survey with restaurant owners, interviewing the restaurant union and the industry association Visita. With starting points in economic theories and previous studies on other VAT reductions, the study shows that restaurant owners have chosen to use the economic funds to create new jobs, lowering meal prices, renovations or to improve profit margins. This indicates that there is dispersion among the opportunities restaurant owners have chosen. Elements that could have importance in the actions of restaurant, is the size and form of the business, and the performance of the competition nearby.

Scheduling in the context of manufacturing systems has become increasingly impor- tant in order for organizations to achieve success in dynamic and competitive scenarios. Scheduling can be described as allocation of available jobs over resources to meet the performance criteria defined in a domain. Our research work fo cuses on scheduling a given set of three-dimensional cylindrical items, each characterized by width wj , height hj, and depth dj , onto parallel non-identical rectangular heat treatment kilns, such that the capacities of the kilns is optimally used. The problem is strongly NP-hard as it generalizes the (one-dimensional) Bin Packing Problem (1BP), in which a set of n positive values wj has to be partitioned into the minimum number of subsets so that the total value in each subset does not exceed the bin capacity W. The problem has been formulated as a variant of the 3D-BPP by following the MILP approach, and we propose a weight optimization heuristic that produces solutions comparable to that of the LP problem, in addition to reducing the computational complexity. Finally, we also propose a Decomposition Algorithm (DA) and validate the perfor- mance effectiveness of our heuristic. The numerical analyses provides useful insights that influence the shop-floor decision making process.

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

This thesis addresses the problematic of part-time jobs in condition of Czech Republic. Goal of this thesis was to analyze part-time jobs as the flexibility tool of labor market on one side and as a tool for reconciliation between family life and work life on the other side. In this thesis are described individual possibilities of part-time jobs utilization in the terms of labor law of Czech Republic. Three companies, which are working in different branches, are compared based on questionnaire survey. Results of questionnaire survey found out, that the divergence and a nature of a working position differs the analyzed companies in possibilities of applying part-time jobs on individual working positions. Theoretical manual was made for utilization part-time jobs to reconciliation and harmonization between work life and family life in Czech Republic.

Master thesis is aiming to problematics of air transport and its impacts on regional development. First part of this thesis is dedicated to theoretical studying of aviation, aviation´s history, its impacts mainly on economics and environment. Next part of theoretical studying examines regional development, theoretical basis of regional development, how is it measured and which tools are being used for influencing regional development. Practical part is aiming on the importance of air transport for selected region, then it informs about similar airports. This is helpful for making an opinion how airport can influence a region. In the next part the program of regional development of selected region is analyzed and there are identified the most important points which are analyzed in the last part. The last part is trying to respond to the objectives of the thesis, which are evaluation of the impacts of aviation on regional development in selected region and quantification of these effects.

SILVA, Antonio Marcos de Sousa. Agentes públicos na segurança privada: a configuração do bico na cidade de Fortaleza. (2010). 126f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by nazareno mesquita (nazagon36@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-11-17T14:42:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis_2010_ AM DE.S.SILVA.pdf: 548876 bytes, checksum: 49cdfa3cb88854b0c3ec81b155ab75f9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2011-11-23T16:35:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis_2010_ AM DE.S.SILVA.pdf: 548876 bytes, checksum: 49cdfa3cb88854b0c3ec81b155ab75f9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-23T16:35:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis_2010_ AM DE.S.SILVA.pdf: 548876 bytes, checksum: 49cdfa3cb88854b0c3ec81b155ab75f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / The present reseach has the aim of analyzing the configuration of odd jobs on private security of military policemen in the city of Fortaleza. With this in mind, a panorama of this activity was traced in order to enumerate the three recurrent characteristics of the odd jobs in Fortaleza, such as: security activities icommercial establishments (concert houses, beach huts, restaurants, beauty salons, markets, among others), private security (of businessmen or merchants) and, finally, the veiled odd job (to perform private patrolling while on duty, giving more attention to specific commercial points). The work revealed that this practice in Fortaleza is sustained both by the military officers and the privates and showed that both form networks of intermediaries or middlemen who sell security to businessmen or merchants. The research also dealt with the strict relationship between violence and the expansion of odd jobs through the city, denouncing the intensification of a culture of fear based on the feeling of insecurity. At last, the work dealt with the implications of this activity for military policemen due to their disciplinary and ethics code. The discussion ended also with the relationship between the precariousness of the police work and the work on private security. / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as configurações do “bico” de policiais militares da cidade de Fortaleza na segurança privada. Foi realizado um panorama dessa atividade que possibilitou enumerar três características recorrentes do bico em Fortaleza, tais como: as atividades de segurança em estabelecimentos comerciais (casas de show, barracas de praia, restaurantes, salão de beleza, mercadinhos, dentre outros), segurança particular (de empresários ou comerciantes) e, por último, o “bico velado” (fazer policiamento privado em horário de serviço, concedendo, nesse sentido, maior atenção a determinados pontos comerciais). O trabalho revelou que essa prática, em Fortaleza, é sustentada tanto por parte dos oficiais militares como pelos Praças, e mostrou que ambos formam redes de intermediários ou atravessadores que vendem segurança, principalmente, para empresários e comerciantes. A pesquisa abordou também a estreita relação entre a violência e a expansão do bico na cidade, denunciando o reforço de uma cultura do medo pautada no sentimento de insegurança. Por fim, o trabalho tratou das implicações dessa atividade para os policiais militares em decorrência do Código Disciplinar e de Ética da referida corporação. A dissertação trabalhou, ainda, com a relação entre precariedade do trabalho policial e do trabalho na atividade de segurança privada.

In this research project the research participants and I embarked on a journey through the "desert" of unemployment. I was introduced to the research participants at Jacob's Well, a ministry for people "between jobs" The effects of unemployment on a male's identity were explored, as well as the pastoral response of caregivers to people "between jobs". A phenomenological study was undertaken in which interviews with the participants formed the basis of the research. The structured section of the interviews was guided by the research questions, but the largest part of the interviews was about the participants' personal journeys "between jobs." The role of a ministry like Jacob's Well, catering for people "between jobs", was highlighted and recommendations for practical theology and pastoral praxis were made. / Practical Theolgy / M.Th. (Practical Theology with specialiisation in Pastoral Therapy)