There is always a moment, within the act of work, when the decision comes into question; the mind is aware of the goal, seeking out the destination, but the body brings the reality of the task to light, at first whispering its doubts, then speaking in full volume. The physical intensity of the creation of my work enlivens this debate between the consciousness of my intellect and the limitations of my being. The act of defining myself as an artist serves as a challenge to my body’s capabilities as a maker. Through this relationship with my work, I have become deeply intimate with the term labor. My thesis aims to contextualize my engagement with labor within the universal understanding that human beings possess an inherent need to work. While the interchangeable use of terms such as work and labor is highly disputed, I have found that my role as artist, actions as maker, and identity as worker persuade me to define my work as labor and my labors as work. This subsequent body of work serves as a record of the actions of the laborer. A floor sits; frozen in the process of installation, it awaits the return of the laborer to complete the work. Through the cyclical conversation between the workers’ voices embroidered upon the wall and the work being performed on the floor, the installation serves as the preserved space of the anonymous laborer.

Abstract Since the peasant laborer community are the special social stratum which mainland China reform in system reforming has appeared, the so-called peasant laborer who on the occupation activities non-agricultural production in the rural enterprise or the cities, but the registered permanent address still in the countryside, the status was still farmer's worker. At present peasant laborer's scale has surpassed 140,000,000 populations, and forms a fixed social stratum in mainland China. These belong to the countryside labor force originally, along with the reform advancement, get out the countryside, places oneself row of in the city workers, also the population grows day by day. The labor force massive flowing bring popular rising problems, no matter it will be paying the more social cost to the city or the village, if the popular uprising question want to have the basic solution, not only need the law, but also promote the labor market to be perfect, enables the labor force the flowing to move towards outside the standardization, needs to begin to relieve exists since long ago in China's city and countryside dual system. The city farmer worker social security systems establishment is a project which an item so complex, not only it involves to the city and countryside many original system reforms and the innovation, but also involves to the social benefit and resources redistributing.Needs the conformity country, the society and individual strength. Farm labors, working in the cities as well as employed by industrial manufacturers, and have to face the same living standard and vocational risks as urban citizens, but they can¡¦t obtain the same social security welfare. When they had profession injury, illness or being unemployed, mostly they would face poverty and the deterioration of basic living standard. If farm labors¡¦ social security can implement in China will relate to the China stability, growth, and transformation and establishment of harmonized society.

Human trafficking has existed in various forms throughout human history, but it never drew public attention until recent years. This thesis attempts to explore the causes of labor trafficking by empirical research and provide the government with anti-trafficking measures for Taiwan. The research comprised both quantitative and qualitative methods, in which a questionnaire survey was administered and in-depth interviews were conducted. A total of 167 illegal foreign laborers detained in the Yilan Detention Center and 7 social workers in shelters for trafficking victims participated in the study. Results of the research showed that most runaway foreign laborers came to Taiwan with the assistance of a broker agency, and that they paid brokerage fees with bank loans, while irregular foreign laborers were assisted by friends or relatives in their homelands or in Taiwan and paid their way with personal savings or loans from friends or relatives. It is common for both runaway foreign laborers and irregular foreign laborers to be charged extra fees and to be paid less than they were told before entering Taiwan. Labor trafficking in Taiwan is largely the result of a system of high brokerage fees without a standard and transparent mechanism. In addition, contract foreign laborers cannot change employers at will, which is also a key factor. Consequently, the government of Taiwan should actively negotiate with labor exporting nations to manage the payment of brokerage fees and modify foreign labor policy to decrease the illegality of foreign laborers and employers.

[pt] Vida de otário: A saída dos operários da fábrica de Lumière se constitui numa análise sobre as representações do trabalho no cinema brasileiro contemporâneo, à luz das mudanças ocorridas na esfera da cultura e da economia mundial ao longo da década de 90. As obras exibidas no início do século XXI são colocadas em diálogo com filmes nacionais dos anos 60, 70 e 80 a fim de verificar como o declínio das utopias, que inspiraram o projeto moderno, afetou o lugar ocupado pela figura do operário na fábrica de Lumière. / [en] Vida de otário: A saída dos operários da fábrica de Lumière consists of the analysis of representations of labor within contemporary Brazilian cinema, considering the changes in the sphere of global culture and economy during the 1990s. Movies released in the beginning of the present century are contrasted with national films from the 1960s, 70s and 80s in order to verify how the fading of the idea of utopia which inspired the modern project has affected the place occupied by the figure of the laborer in Lumière`s factory.

Esta dissertação teve como intenção analisar o Proálcool (1975-1990) e suas consequências para o setor sucroalcooleiro paulista, relacionando-o ao processo de modernização retardatária promovida pelo Estado brasileiro, que redefiniu o papel do campo no processo de acumulação capitalista, no Brasil. Pretendeu-se verificar se a necessidade reiterada de intervenção estatal via créditos subsidiados junto à produção do setor indicava uma crise da acumulação capitalista na sua forma atual, a partir do que Marx denominou como capital fictício. Assim, se colocou como questão se a dívida dos fornecedores e industriais do complexo agroindustrial sucroalcooleiro paulista para com a União, no final da década de 1980 (final do terceiro período do Proálcool), expressava o momento fictício de reprodução do capital na incapacidade (sem a intervenção do Estado) de reprodução do setor, tanto pela exploração do trabalho como pela incorporação da renda da terra ao capital que se territorializava no campo. Esta dissertação procurou verificar tal questão através da história dessa territorialização (e sua consequente diferenciação de áreas nas DIRAs, em São Paulo), e também avaliar dados, para então compreender quais as relações entre a inserção nesse momento particular da acumulação capitalista e a transformação das relações de produção particulares conforme existentes no Brasil (como o agregado, no Vale do Jequitinhonha) e em São Paulo (como o colono), anteriormente ao processo de modernização. O trabalho precarizado do bóia-fria pôde, assim, ser entendido como expressão da crise da sociedade do trabalho, sendo a alta composição orgânica dos capitais no setor percebida de forma fetichista como desenvolvimento econômico o fundamento da conformação das características daquele trabalho. Através de trabalho de campo à área de Olímpia-SP, pretendeu-se, então, compreender a forma pela qual as personificações do capital (proprietário de terras, capitalista e trabalhador) subjetivam o momento da crise, enquanto o da própria forma social capitalista. / This thesis aimed at analyzing the Proálcool (1975 1990) and its consequences to the sugarcane industry at São Paulo state, trying to relate it to the process of modernization promoted by Brazilian State, which redefined the role of agriculture on the national process of capitalist accumulation. It sought, also, to verify if that industrys state subvention necessity for credit outpointed a capitalist accumulation crisis on its actual form, from what Marx called fictitious capital. Therefore, we questioned if the sugarcane industry debts with the Brazilian State, at the end of the 1980s (as the last period of Proálcool), expressed the fictitious moment of capitalist reproduction as the impossibility (one without State subventions) of that industry to reproduce itself whether from labor exploitation, or from the ground rent extraction. This dissertation tried to answer it by thinking on the history of capital territorialization on local agriculture and by data examination, in order to comprehend the relations between its insertion at this particular capitalist accumulation moment and the changing of social production relations as they existed before that modernization process (the agregado, at Vale do Jequitinhonha; and the colono, at São Paulo). Precarious labor of day-laborers, thus, could be interpreted as an expression of labor society crisis, being the high capital organic composition of sugarcane industry the ground from where this labors characteristics are/were conformed, although this composition is widely seen as economic growth. With fieldworks at Olímpia area (São Paulo), we intended to comprehend how capital personifications (landlord, capitalist and laborer) see this crisis moment and if they relate it as being from the capitalistic social form itself.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-20T15:13:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luana Müller de Mello .pdf: 447417 bytes, checksum: ce1d6268d1063bffc16338581955af3f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-20T15:13:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luana Müller de Mello .pdf: 447417 bytes, checksum: ce1d6268d1063bffc16338581955af3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação propõe-se a investigar a representação de trabalhador em canções de Chico Buarque, tomando por base a teoria enunciativa de Émile Benveniste (PLG I e PLG II). Na realização dessa proposta, um impasse foi encontrado: as canções de Chico Buarque valem-se de linguagem poética, deixada de lado, em PLG I e PLG II, restritos ao estudo da linguagem ordinária. Partindo da indicação feita pelo autor de que suas formulações sobre a linguagem ordinária podem ser, direta ou indiretamente, esclarecedoras para o estudo da linguagem poética, revisitamos seus textos produzidos entre 1967 e 1970, em que é mencionado o interesse pela linguagem poética e a reflexão encontra-se centralizada sobre a noção de significância. Com base nessa re-leitura, chegamos à conclusão de que a teoria de Benveniste comporta a poética. Derivamos, então, de suas reflexões modos de compreender a linguagem poética, bem como possibilidades de análise de poemas. Tendo em vista que, sob a perspectiva enunciativa, não se vai ao corpus com categorias prévias de análise, procuramos nas próprias canções os elementos para construir sua significação. Analisamos três canções: Construção (1971), Cotidiano (1971) e Ela é dançarina (1981). Os resultados mostram que nessas canções encontramos um dizer sobre o mundo, que contribui para a compreensão da experiência humana. / This dissertation proposes to investigate the representation of the laborer in songs by Chico Buarque, taking as its basis the enunciative theory of Émile Benveniste (PLG I and PLG II). In the accomplishment of this proposal, an impasse was found: the songs by Chico Buarque rely on the poetic language, left aside in PLG I and PLG II, which are restricted to the study of ordinary language. Based on this indication made by the author that his reformulations about ordinary language might be, direct or indirectly, enlightening to the study of poetic language, we revisited his texts produced between 1967 and 1970, in which is mentioned the interest in poetic language, and the reflection is centralized over the notion of significance. Based on our re-reading, we came to the conclusion that the theory of Benveniste involves the poetic. We derived, then, from his reflections, ways of comprehending the poetic language, as well as possibilities of poems analysis. Given that, by the enunciative perspective, we don’t approach the corpus with previous categories of analysis, we earched in in the songs the elements to build its signification. We analyzed three songs: Construção (1971), Cotidiano (1971) and Ela é dançarina (1981). The results show that in these songs we find a saying about the world that contributes to the comprehension of the human experience.

Esta dissertação teve como intenção analisar o Proálcool (1975-1990) e suas consequências para o setor sucroalcooleiro paulista, relacionando-o ao processo de modernização retardatária promovida pelo Estado brasileiro, que redefiniu o papel do campo no processo de acumulação capitalista, no Brasil. Pretendeu-se verificar se a necessidade reiterada de intervenção estatal via créditos subsidiados junto à produção do setor indicava uma crise da acumulação capitalista na sua forma atual, a partir do que Marx denominou como capital fictício. Assim, se colocou como questão se a dívida dos fornecedores e industriais do complexo agroindustrial sucroalcooleiro paulista para com a União, no final da década de 1980 (final do terceiro período do Proálcool), expressava o momento fictício de reprodução do capital na incapacidade (sem a intervenção do Estado) de reprodução do setor, tanto pela exploração do trabalho como pela incorporação da renda da terra ao capital que se territorializava no campo. Esta dissertação procurou verificar tal questão através da história dessa territorialização (e sua consequente diferenciação de áreas nas DIRAs, em São Paulo), e também avaliar dados, para então compreender quais as relações entre a inserção nesse momento particular da acumulação capitalista e a transformação das relações de produção particulares conforme existentes no Brasil (como o agregado, no Vale do Jequitinhonha) e em São Paulo (como o colono), anteriormente ao processo de modernização. O trabalho precarizado do bóia-fria pôde, assim, ser entendido como expressão da crise da sociedade do trabalho, sendo a alta composição orgânica dos capitais no setor percebida de forma fetichista como desenvolvimento econômico o fundamento da conformação das características daquele trabalho. Através de trabalho de campo à área de Olímpia-SP, pretendeu-se, então, compreender a forma pela qual as personificações do capital (proprietário de terras, capitalista e trabalhador) subjetivam o momento da crise, enquanto o da própria forma social capitalista. / This thesis aimed at analyzing the Proálcool (1975 1990) and its consequences to the sugarcane industry at São Paulo state, trying to relate it to the process of modernization promoted by Brazilian State, which redefined the role of agriculture on the national process of capitalist accumulation. It sought, also, to verify if that industrys state subvention necessity for credit outpointed a capitalist accumulation crisis on its actual form, from what Marx called fictitious capital. Therefore, we questioned if the sugarcane industry debts with the Brazilian State, at the end of the 1980s (as the last period of Proálcool), expressed the fictitious moment of capitalist reproduction as the impossibility (one without State subventions) of that industry to reproduce itself whether from labor exploitation, or from the ground rent extraction. This dissertation tried to answer it by thinking on the history of capital territorialization on local agriculture and by data examination, in order to comprehend the relations between its insertion at this particular capitalist accumulation moment and the changing of social production relations as they existed before that modernization process (the agregado, at Vale do Jequitinhonha; and the colono, at São Paulo). Precarious labor of day-laborers, thus, could be interpreted as an expression of labor society crisis, being the high capital organic composition of sugarcane industry the ground from where this labors characteristics are/were conformed, although this composition is widely seen as economic growth. With fieldworks at Olímpia area (São Paulo), we intended to comprehend how capital personifications (landlord, capitalist and laborer) see this crisis moment and if they relate it as being from the capitalistic social form itself.

Submitted by Fabiano Vassallo (fabianovassallo2127@gmail.com) on 2017-05-10T18:10:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE GERAL SET 16 PDF.pdf: 1886710 bytes, checksum: b5db1c73f392bc4951da93b41b0f5416 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-05-15T17:37:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE GERAL SET 16 PDF.pdf: 1886710 bytes, checksum: b5db1c73f392bc4951da93b41b0f5416 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-15T17:37:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE GERAL SET 16 PDF.pdf: 1886710 bytes, checksum: b5db1c73f392bc4951da93b41b0f5416 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Campus III, Leopoldina, MG / Refletir sobre as ruínas da condição humana parece não ser capacidade inerente a todo ser humano. A ficção, não como reflexo da realidade, mas como terreno profícuo ao encontro da linguagem com as relações sociais, oferece uma oportunidade a essa reflexão a partir do trabalho crítico de muitos escritores e seu compromisso social com a história de seu país e seu mundo. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é examinar a forma de representar o processo de deslocamentos migratórios de personagens operárias, mineiras de Cataguases, nos cinco volumes do projeto literário Inferno provisório, de Luiz Ruffato – um escritor de procedência bastante próxima à de seus personagens. Busca-se, a partir da leitura das trinta e oito histórias fragmentadas, discutir as implicações do experimentalismo estético aliado ao compromisso social, ético e político. Pretende-se ainda avaliar o papel do escritor enquanto agente no mercado editorial e seu compromisso enquanto intelectual contemporâneo / Reflecting over the ruins of the human condition seems not to be an inherent capacity in every single human being. Fiction, not as a reflection of reality, but as fruitful ground to meet the language with social relations, it offers an opportunity for this reflection from critical work of many writers and their social commitment to the history of their country and their world. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to examine how to represent the process of displacement migration of workers characters, from Cataguases, Minas Gerais, in five volumes of literary project Inferno provisório, by Luiz Ruffato – a writer very close to their characters. Search up from the reading of the thirty-eight fragmented stories to discuss the implications of the aesthetic experimentalism coupled with social, ethical and political commitment. The aim is also to evaluate the writer's role as an agent in publishing and its commitment as contemporary intellectual

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-05-12T19:45:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariney Aparecida Farias dos Reis Dutra Vieira - 2010.pdf: 2109450 bytes, checksum: 3eb1278e79c6fabe62b507918c5c79a6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T11:49:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariney Aparecida Farias dos Reis Dutra Vieira - 2010.pdf: 2109450 bytes, checksum: 3eb1278e79c6fabe62b507918c5c79a6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-13T11:49:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariney Aparecida Farias dos Reis Dutra Vieira - 2010.pdf: 2109450 bytes, checksum: 3eb1278e79c6fabe62b507918c5c79a6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-02 / In Brazil, they have been increasing the researchers' of the Geography interest, as of the other similar sciences, for the researches on rural establishments, mainly because in that country the agrarian politics, historically, privileges the latifundium. Many are the workers landless laborer, whose only hope of having access to her, it is to use strategies as occupations or camps, provoking a speech of the great defensive media of the latifundium labels them of "invaders". however, that fight doesn't finish with the access the earth, she continues in the organization of the production that makes possible the permanence of the seated families. The establishments tend, like this, they develop her/it a production that associates the service to the self-consumption and the sale of the surplus. In the rural establishment researched in the municipal district of Morrinhos - GO, there is a tendency to the livestock milk pan's development, with the service to the sanitary demands and genetic improvement for us to obtain better production and productivity. In this research, the fight for the ownership and permanence in the earth was studied tends as object the Assentament São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, located in the municipal district of Morrinhos - GO. The establishment is a small territory farmer imbedded in the immense sea of the latifundium monocultures exporters that you/they seek the profit in first place. The "modern conservative agriculture" expelled the rural workers of the fields; in the cities, without earth, without work, without dignity, many opt to struggle to return to the earth. After a long camp period (06 years) in Farm São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, with every suffering luck, it leaves of the camped that it resisted conquered the earth and it produces with family work: mandioca, banana, vegetables, cheese, sweet, milk, cosmetic. To accomplish this study, they were necessary risings of data in INCRA, in CPT and in IBGE, interviews, collection of oral depositions. I hope the obtained results can contribute to give visibility á struggles for the earth. / No Brasil, têm aumentado o interesse de pesquisadores da Geografia, como das demais ciências afins, pelas pesquisas sobre assentamentos rurais, principalmente porque nesse país a política agrária, historicamente, privilegia o latifúndio. Muitos são os trabalhadores sem-terra, cuja única esperança de ter acesso à ela, é utilizar estratégias como ocupações ou acampamentos, provocando um discurso da grande mídia defensora do latifúndio rotula-os de “invasores”. No entanto, essa luta não termina com o acesso a terra, ela continua na organização da produção que viabiliza a permanência das famílias assentadas. Os assentamentos tendem, assim, a desenvolverem uma produção que associa o atendimento ao autoconsumo e a venda do excedente. No assentamento rural pesquisado no município de Morrinhos - GO, há uma tendência ao desenvolvimento da pecuária leiteira, com o atendimento às exigências sanitárias e melhoramento genético para obterem melhor produção e produtividade. Nesta pesquisa, a luta pela posse e permanência na terra foi estudada tendo como objeto o Assentamento São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, localizado no município de Morrinhos - GO. O assentamento é um pequeno território camponês encravado no imenso mar dos latifúndios monocultores exportadores que visam o lucro em primeiro lugar. A “moderna agricultura” conservadora expulsou os trabalhadores rurais dos campos; nas cidades, sem terra, sem trabalho, sem dignidade, muitos optam por lutar para voltar à terra. Após um longo período de acampamento (06 anos) na Fazenda São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, com toda sorte de sofrimento, parte dos acampados que resistiu conquistou a terra e produz com trabalho familiar: mandioca, banana, hortaliças, queijo, doces, leite, cosméticos. Para realizar este estudo, foram necessários levantamentos de dados no INCRA, na CPT e no IBGE, entrevistas, coleta de depoimentos orais. Espero que os resultados obtidos possam contribuir para dar visibilidade á luta pela terra.

No description available.