A crise na biodiversidade tem se agravado como resultado das atividades humanas. Identificar os efeitos ecológicos causados por empreendimentos, como linhas de transmissão de energia elétrica (LTs), é essencial para o planejamento dessas estruturas e para melhor informar seu processo de tomada de decisão. A Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA) é um importante instrumento para a minimização de impactos na biodiversidade. No entanto, uma das maiores deficiências para a mitigação de impactos está na ausência da antecipação dos mesmos na fase de planejamento das estruturas. Um dos objetivos deste estudo foi listar e descrever os potenciais efeitos ambientais causados pelas LTs, sua natureza e os componentes bióticos afetados. A partir de uma abordagem de revisão sistemática, a síntese dos estudos mostrou que as interações das linhas com a biodiversidade têm sido investigadas em uma grande amplitude de organismos, abordando doze diferentes efeitos no ambiente. No entanto, é notável a ausência de estudos relacionados a grupos funcionais de menor mobilidade e sobre efeitos como a perda de habitat. Além de listar e descrever os efeitos das LTs, este trabalho estruturou um modelo conceitual para auxiliar na definição do escopo das AIAs. Nós acreditamos que o reconhecimento antecipado do espectro de potenciais impactos, além de ser importante para a compreensão das cadeias causais pelas quais as ações de cada empreendimento conduzem efeitos, auxilia na qualificação do processo de licenciamento, direcionando os estudos para impactos prioritários. Como a forma mais efetiva de evitamento de impactos, nós recomendamos fortemente que iniciativas de espacialização dos mesmos sejam desenvolvidas para a futura incorporação no planejamento da expansão da rede de transmissão de energia. / The biodiversity crisis has worsened in the last decades, as a result of human activities. Identifying the ecological effects caused by infrastructure developments, such as electric power transmission lines (TLs), is essential for planning these developments and for better informing the decision-making process. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important instrument to ensure the minimization of impacts on biodiversity. However, one of the major shortcomings for mitigation of impacts is the lack of anticipation in the planning phase of these developments. One of the objectives of this study was to list and describe the potential environmental effects caused by TLs, their nature and the affected biotic components. From a systematic review approach, the synthesis of the studies reveal that line interactions with biodiversity have been investigated over a wide range of organisms, addressing twelve different effects on the environment. However, the absence of studies related to functional groups of lower mobility and other effects, such as habitat loss, is notable. In addition to listing and describing the effects of LTs, this work structured a conceptual model to help define the scope of EIAs. We believe that the early recognition of the spectrum of potential impacts, in addition to being important for understanding the causal chains through which the actions of each undertaking have effects, helps in the qualification of the licensing process, directing the studies to priority impacts. As the most effective way of avoiding impacts, we strongly recommend that spatial analysis and investigation should be developed and incorporated in planning the expansion of the power transmission network.

Essa pesquisa de mestrado analisa as práticas da ciência arqueológica em projetos de licenciamento ambiental no Rio Grande do Sul. O licenciamento ambiental é um instrumento burocrático regido pelo estado para fiscalizar e legislar sobre as obras de engenharia que impactam de alguma forma o meio ambiente, populações e o patrimônio cultural brasileiro. Dentro dessa prática há diversos trâmites nos quais algumas áreas do conhecimento são necessárias, como a biologia, a antropologia, a geografia, a geologia e a arqueologia. Estas devem identificar e registrar as características da área onde será feito o empreendimento, apontando para as medidas a serem tomadas. A arqueologia gere nesse contexto os sítios e bens arqueológicos que podem ser encontrados no local e quais devem ser as deliberações adotadas para sua preservação in loco ou a efetuação de um salvamento dos mesmos, ou seja, uma escavação arqueológica e a guarda do material proveniente em alguma instituição. Atualmente as pesquisas arqueológicas no licenciamento ambiental são o campo predominante de atuação dos arqueólogos no Brasil.Baseando-se principalmente nas teorias e métodos da antropologia da ciência, da tecnologia e da burocracia pretende-se analisar as redes sociotécnicas que emaranham arqueologia, burocracia, estado e iniciativa privada, as quais constituem e são constituídas de diferentes entidades, como o patrimônio, sítios arqueológicos e relatórios técnicos A pesquisa, uma etnografia da prática arqueológica, abarcou entrevistas com vinte e um arqueólogos que atuam no licenciamento ambiental e a análise de projetos e relatórios referentes ao licenciamento de diversos empreendimentos no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Este panorama abrange diferentes agentes humanos e não humanos que transitam nas redes sociotécnicas do licenciamento ambiental e da arqueologia, como os cientistas, os projetos e relatórios técnicos, os burocratas, suas burocracias e documentos, os sítios arqueológicos e o patrimônio, o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN), dentre outros. Ao regulamentar práticas científicas e relacionálas a etapas de projetos de engenharia, o licenciamento ambiental se mostra como uma ferramenta estatal de grande interesse político e analítico para a antropologia e para a arqueologia. / This master's research analyzes the practices of the archaeological science in environmental licensing projects in Rio Grande do Sul. Environmental licensing is a bureaucratic instrument governed by the state to supervise and legislate on engineering works that impact in some way the environment, communities and the Brazilian cultural heritage. Within this practice there are several procedures on which some areas of knowledge are necessary, such as biology, anthropology, geography, geology and archeology. They have to identify and register the characteristics of the area where the enterprise will be made, pointing to the measures to be taken. Archaeology is the steward in this context of the sites and archaeological goods that can be found in the place, deliberating what should be adopted for their preservation in loco or the realization of an archaeological rescue, that is, an archaeological excavation and giving the custody of the material to an institution. Currently the archaeological research in environmental licensing is the predominant field of action of archaeologists in Brazil. Based mainly on the theories and methods of the anthropology of science, technology and bureaucracy we intend to analyze the socio-technical networks that entangle archeology, bureaucracy, state and private initiative, which constitute and are constituted of different entities, such as heritage, archaeological sites and technical reports This research, an ethnography of archaeological practice, embrace interviews with twenty-one archaeologists who work on environmental licensing and the analysis of projects and reports regarding the licensing of several projects in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This outlook encompasses different human and non-human agents who move through the sociotechnical networks of environmental licensing and archeology, such as scientists, technical projects and reports, bureaucrats, their bureaucracies and documents, archaeological sites and heritage, the Institute of National Historical and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN), among others. By regulating scientific practices and linking them to stages of engineering projects, the environmental licensing proves to be a state tool of great political and analytical interest to anthropology and archeology.

O presente estudo traz para discussão as ações educativas destinadas aos trabalhadores, no âmbito do licenciamento ambiental das atividades de perfuração e exploração de petróleo e gás offshore - à luz dos referenciais teórico metodológicos de uma Educação Ambiental (EA) crítica. Muito embora as pesquisas em EA no Brasil tenham alcançado um elevado grau de maturidade, produzindo reflexões profícuas e embasando a elaboração tanto de diretrizes quanto instruções normativas; ainda hoje, importantes eixos de atuação e públicos de interesse específicos - a exemplo de trabalhadores alocados em unidades de perfuração, produção e embarcações de apoio - carecem de uma reflexão aprofundada que questione tanto o substrato epistemológico empregado quanto o tipo de práxis educativa que vem sendo construída. Neste sentido o estudo analisa o Projeto de Educação Ambiental dos Trabalhadores (PEAT) elaborado por duas grandes empresas de consultoria, sediadas no Rio de Janeiro, com o objetivo de avaliar em que medida seus projetos pedagógicos incorporam os princípios da EA instituídos pela Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental. Ademais são observados os pontos críticos (contradições) para a operacionalização do Projeto e o embate entre discursos antagônicos, que buscam a hegemonia material e simbólica do campo da EA, tomando por base a análise de discurso a partir de entrevistas realizadas com os principais atores envolvidos na elaboração do PEAT: empreendedor-consultoria-órgão ambiental. Como resultado observamos: (i) uma deficiência (por parte das consultorias) em incorporar os fundamentos teóricos da EA ao PEAT submetido para aprovação do órgão ambiental licenciador; (ii) uma inadequação das concepções metodológicas do PEAT, com consequentes advertências por parte do órgão ambiental e (iii) o engendramento de uma situação de incoerência na qual o órgão ambiental licenciador aprova um documento escrito (PEAT submetido) e desaprova as práticas educativas por este desencadeadas. / This study starts the discussion of educational actions designed for workers, under the environmental licensing process of exploration and production of oil and gas from the perspective of the theoretical methodological references of critical Environmental Education (EE). Even though research in EE in Brazilhas reached an elevated degree of maturity, producing fruitful reflections and providing basis for the elaboration of guidelines as well as normative instructions; even today, important areas of action and target publics of specific interests as is exemplified by workers allocated in drilling and production units and supply vessels lack a deeper reflection that questions not only the epistemological basis used but also the kind of educational praxis that is being constructed. In this way, this study analyses the Environmental Education Project for Workers (PEAT) elaborated by two large consulting companies, based in Rio de Janeiro, so as to evaluate in what way their pedagogical projects incorporate the principles of EE put forth by the National Environmental Education Policy. Critical points (contradictions) for the operationalization of the Project are also observed as well as the shock between conflicting discourses that look for material and symbolic hegemony in the EE field, by analyzing the discourse from interviews carried out with the main actors involved in the elaboration of the PEAT: the company consulting company environmental agency. As a result, we see: (i) a deficiency (on the part of the consulting companies) in incorporating the theoretical foundations of EE into the PEAT submitted for approval by the environmental agency responsible for the licensing process; (ii) inadequate methodological conceptions of the PEAT, with subsequent warnings from the environmental agency and (iii) the creation of a situation of incoherencies in which the environmental agency approves a written document (the submitted PEAT) and disapproves of the educational practices that this document propagates.

A basic tenet and challenge of copyright law is the need to balance the interests of a range of stakeholders, from authors and performers to publishers, producers, broadcasters, intermediaries, service providers and the general public. To ensure that this balancing act takes place, policymakers involve organisations representing these stakeholders in the development of policy and the drafting of legislation in several ways, including through meetings, public consultations, and stakeholder dialogues. However, the process by which stakeholders steer the course and substance of copyright law and policy, their behaviour, as well as the varying extent to which they impact and characterise the copyright policy framework, have rarely been the specific focus of empirical research in IP. The present thesis examines creators’ organisations (COs) as participants and shapers of copyright policy. Through a socio-legal study into the workings of The Society of Authors, the Authors’ Licensing and Collecting Society, the Musicians’ Union, and the Performing Right Society on several contemporary policy issues, the thesis observes how two types of organisations: trade unions and collective management organisations, across the music and publishing industries, engage in policy work. Through in-depth analysis of primary data obtained from interviews with CO representatives as well as documentary data (public consultation responses, policy briefings, press releases, reports, academic studies, and more), the thesis captures and discusses differences in the behaviour of these actors and argues that these differences are not fully understood by policymakers. It illustrates how factors such as an organisation’s mandate, resources, membership composition, political power, and self-concept, influence an organisation’s policy proactivity. Some actors may be more concerned with influencing the copyright policy agenda itself, while others primarily seek to shape its outcomes. The thesis also identifies power dynamics and imbalances between the COs and argues that some actors are in a better position to effectively participate in policy compared to others. Furthermore, it discusses the effects of the plurality of actors with varying interests and priorities, as well as the competition of policy issues that this provokes. In this context, the thesis illustrates the complex structure of the copyright policy environment and, in particular, the role of umbrella organisations and ad-hoc coalitions in the furtherance of a particular policy issue or position. It concludes that as a result of complex stakeholder dynamics, power imbalances, and policymakers’ insufficient understanding of these phenomena, certain creators’ issues will not surface onto copyright policy agendas and will thus remain unaddressed by copyright law. The thesis further concludes that complex stakeholder dynamics challenge the objective of developing evidence-based policy and render the copyright policy process unclear and its outcomes unpredictable. Given the disparity of views and positions on many copyright law issues, policymakers often attempt to shape law and policy outcomes as a compromise between different stakeholder interests. However, this does not always produce sound or appropriate results for copyright law.

Submitted by Marcio Emanuel Paixão Santos (marcio.santos@ucsal.br) on 2016-09-14T19:31:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Martins S.N_UCSAL2013.pdf: 888988 bytes, checksum: 85d9862df1719f7e868787af00607da9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2016-09-21T21:30:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Martins S.N_UCSAL2013.pdf: 888988 bytes, checksum: 85d9862df1719f7e868787af00607da9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T21:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martins S.N_UCSAL2013.pdf: 888988 bytes, checksum: 85d9862df1719f7e868787af00607da9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-24 / O desenvolvimento tecnológico tem propiciado grandes conquistas sociais, mas também tem levado a uma grande pressão sobre os recursos naturais no mundo. Diante da responsabilidade de reparação do dano ambiental causado com o uso dos recursos naturais como insumos produtivos, a ideia de compensação do dano não garante uma sadia qualidade de vida, pois, uma vez consumada a degradação do meio ambiente e dos bens ambientais dificilmente será possível o retorno à qualidade anterior do meio natural. Refletindo sobre tais problemas este estudo traz como objetivos: apresentar o licenciamento ambiental numa análise crítica dos procedimentos, da sua competência administrativa, sua estrutura legislativa com ênfase nos postos de combustíveis no município de Salvador. Também descreve o licenciamento ambiental e a situação atual da gestão do meio ambiente no Município de Salvador, investigando o licenciamento ambiental a luz da legislação ambiental vigente e avalia a abordagem sobre a obrigatoriedade do licenciamento ambiental para obras ou atividades que fazem uso de recursos naturais. Ainda, compila os registros de incidentes de instalações e sistemas de armazenamento de derivados de petróleo e outros combustíveis configurados como poluidores e geradores de acidentes ambientais. Ressalta-se assim, a hipótese: a legislação municipal não oferece todos os instrumentos necessários que garanta que o funcionamento dos postos de combustíveis de Salvador não causem riscos ao meio ambiente urbano. Nesse sentido, buscou-se usar uma metodologia através de uma análise descritiva, cujos argumentos pautam num referencial bibliográfico, cujo método qualitativo vem contribuir para a explanação de conceitos e demonstrações dos impactos ambientais e a viabilidade de controle desses. / Technological development has provided great social advances but it has also led to strong pressures on natural resources in the world. In the face of responsibility for remediation for environmental damage caused by the use of natural resources as productive of raw materials, the idea of atonement for damage does not guarantee a healthy standard of living because once degradation of the environment and its wealth is completed it may be difficult to return to nature’s previous level of quality. Reflecting upon such issues, this study has as its objectives to reveal environmental licensing within a critical analysis of procedures, of its administrative expertise and its legislative structure with an emphasis on gasoline stations in the municipality of Salvador, state of Bahia. It also describes the environmental legislation and the present environment situation in Salvador. It will look into environmental licensing in the light of environmental legislation in force and assess the approach to mandatory licensing for works and activities which make use of natural resources. Still yet, it gleans registers of incidents of installations and storage systems for oil derivatives and other fuels which represent pollutants and causers of environmental accidents. Thus, the article underscores the hypothesis that city laws do not provide all the necessary instruments which will guarantee that operation of gasoline stations in Salvador will not bring risks to the city environment. It is in this sense that an attempt was made to use a methodology with a descriptive analysis supported by bibliographic references, whose qualitative method has contributed in explaining concepts and indications of environmental impacts and the feasibility of their control.

Submitted by Marcio Emanuel Paixão Santos (marcio.santos@ucsal.br) on 2017-02-18T12:27:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MONOGRAFIA FREDERICO AMADO ULTIMA.pdf: 722014 bytes, checksum: 6227d3c7502f25b254fe514790ef01e2 (MD5) / Rejected by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br), reason: Correções on 2017-02-22T18:20:22Z (GMT) / Submitted by Marcio Emanuel Paixão Santos (marcio.santos@ucsal.br) on 2017-02-22T23:45:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MONOGRAFIA FREDERICO AMADO ULTIMA.pdf: 722014 bytes, checksum: 6227d3c7502f25b254fe514790ef01e2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2017-03-03T15:31:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MONOGRAFIA FREDERICO AMADO ULTIMA.pdf: 722014 bytes, checksum: 6227d3c7502f25b254fe514790ef01e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T15:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MONOGRAFIA FREDERICO AMADO ULTIMA.pdf: 722014 bytes, checksum: 6227d3c7502f25b254fe514790ef01e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 / É competência comum entre a União, os estados, o Distrito Federal e os municípios preservar o meio ambiente e controlar a poluição em todas as suas formas. Isso significa que todas as pessoas políticas deverão praticar atos materiais visando a preservação ambiental e a regulação da poluição. Certamente o instrumento que mais concretiza essa atribuição constitucional atribuída aos entes políticos é o licenciamento ambiental, consectário do poder de polícia ambiental, pois todas as atividades aptas a gerar degradação ambiental deverão ser previamente licenciadas pelo órgão ambiental competente. Entretanto, é muito comum que haja conflitos entre os órgãos ambientais de diferentes esferas para a definição da competência para licenciar, o que atrasa o desenvolvimento das atividades econômicas e vulnera o pacto federativo brasileiro, pois gera enorme insegurança jurídica. A legislação ambiental prevê o critério da extensão do dano e o critério a dominialidade do bem afetável como parâmetros de definição da competência para licenciar, mas não diz expressamente qual o critério preponderante. Tendo em vista que as competências ambientais comuns entre todas as esferas de governo devem ser reguladas por lei complementar até o momento não promulgada, inserindo-se o licenciamento ambiental nessa seara, tramita no Congresso Nacional o projeto de lei complementar 12/2003. De última hora, foi aprovada na Câmara dos Deputados a Emenda substitutiva global 01/2009, no dia 16.12.2009, aguardando votação no Senado da República em 2011. Esse projeto visa a regulamentar as competências ambientais comuns e que traz um tratamento pormenorizado das competências licenciatórias dos entes políticos. / It is common responsibility between the federal, state, Federal District and municipalities to preserve the environment and control pollution in all its forms. This means that everyone must pursue political acts aimed at environmental preservation materials and the regulation of pollution. Certainly the instrument that implements the constitutional powers allocated to political entities is the environmental licensing of power consectário environmental police force, for all activities able to generate environmental degradation should first be licensed by the competent environmental agency. However, it is very common for conflicts among the different spheres of environmental agencies to define the responsibility for licensing, which delays the development of economic and violates the Brazilian federative pact, because it generates enormous legal uncertainty. Environmental legislation provides for the criterion of the extent of damage and the dominion of the criterion as well afetável parameters defining the powers to license, but does not expressly say that the overriding criterion. Considering that the common environmental responsibilities among all levels of government must be regulated by complementary law not yet enacted, by inserting the environmental licensing in this field, it debated by Congress the bill supplementary 12/2003. Last minute, was approved in the House Amendment to substitute global 01/2009, on 16.12.2009, awaiting vote in the Senate of the Republic in 2011. This project aims to regulate the powers shared environmental and that brings a detailed treatment of the licensing responsibilities of political entities.

abstract: It is well understood that innovation drives productivity growth in agriculture. Innovation, however, is a process that involves activities distributed throughout the supply chain. In this dissertation I investigate three topics that are at the core of the distribution and diffusion of innovation: optimal licensing of university-based inventions, new variety adoption among farmers, and consumers’ choice of new products within a social network environment. University researchers assume an important role in innovation, particularly as a result of the Bayh-Dole Act, which allowed universities to license inventions funded by federal research dollars, to private industry. Aligning the incentives to innovate at the university level with the incentives to adopt downstream, I show that non-exclusive licensing is preferred under both fixed fee and royalty licensing. Finding support for non-exclusive licensing is important as it provides evidence that the concept underlying the Bayh-Dole Act has economic merit, namely that the goals of university-based researchers are consistent with those of society, and taxpayers, in general. After licensing, new products enter the diffusion process. Using a case study of small holders in Mozambique, I observe substantial geographic clustering of new-variety adoption decisions. Controlling for the other potential factors, I find that information diffusion through space is largely responsible for variation in adoption. As predicted by a social learning model, spatial effects are not based on geographic distance, but rather on neighbor-relationships that follow from information exchange. My findings are consistent with others who find information to be the primary barrier to adoption, and means that adoption can be accelerated by improving information exchange among farmers. Ultimately, innovation is only useful when adopted by end consumers. Consumers’ choices of new products are determined by many factors such as personal preferences, the attributes of the products, and more importantly, peer recommendations. My experimental data shows that peers are indeed important, but “weak ties” or information from friends-of-friends is more important than close friends. Further, others regarded as experts in the subject matter exert the strongest influence on peer choices. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2015

Licensing agreements are commonly used when, for instance, exploiting new areas or countries. Trade mark licences are one such example. A trade mark licence gives the proprietor the opportunity to keep its exclusive rights at the same time as another party uses the trade mark in commercial purposes. When licensing an EUTM to a third party, it is possible to include quality control clauses in the agreement in order for the licensor to control that the licensee uses the trade mark correctly. The possibility to include quality control implies that there is no such obligation within EU trade mark law. Yet, in the US, quality control is not only a possibility but also an obligation in order to keep the trade mark registered. Therefore, it is of interest to examine European trade mark law in relation to quality control in licensing. The American view of quality control is examined for illustrative purposes. Within the EU, the essential function of an EUTM means the ability to identify the origin. In addition, one single undertaking is responsible for the quality that is needed for the trade mark to fulfil its essential role in the system of undistorted system. Quality is seen as an economic function of the trade mark and therefore it should not be an obligation to include quality control in trade mark licences. The proprietor should bear the responsibility him- or herself when not including quality control. As a contrast, in the US, the consumers must be protected from deception and therefore it is a requirement for the proprietor to control and maintain the quality by including quality control in trade mark licences. If a trade mark licence does not include quality controls, the licence is considered invalid and the trade mark is considered abandoned. Furthermore, a law and economics perspective is included in the thesis and specifically the theory of TCE and the belonging terms or bounded rationality, opportunism, uncertainty and trust. While the EU seems to value trust more when settling licence agreements, the US seems to value opportunism and uncertainty more due to de fact that consumers must be protected from the proprietors. Since quality control within trade mark licensing appears to lock the proprietor into a situation where it is difficult to differentiate and change the direction of the trade mark, it should not be an obligation to include quality controls in trade mark licences. It should be a privilege for the proprietor to decide on whether to use or not and bear the consequences of that choice.

The following paper conveys the Researching Approach of Formation, knowledge, and Professional Development (PPGE/CE/UFSM) and aimed to comprehend the articulation of development actions in the Majoring of Physical Education at the CEFD/UFSM with school teaching. It is justified due to the importance in comprehending the way recent breakthroughs performed in the curricular structures from the promulgation of National Curricular Guidelines for Basic Education Teachers and the National Curricular Guidelines for the Majoring in Physical Education are being target of discussion, reflection, and transformation in the context of the UFSM. The methodological approach adopted followed the assumptions of a qualitative approach case study. The facilities used for the study were the ones of the Center for Sports and Physical Education of the Federal University of Santa Maria. Information has been collected through document analysis and semi-structured interviews with teachers and students from this majoring. In order to interpret the information collected, content analysis has been used, emphasizing the following aspects: a) the PPP aims to give basis to the training processes developed in the majoring considering that it has a strict relationship with teachers in school b) the spaces for the teacher licensing courses compose the minority when compared to the ones for bachelor degree, even though, they are concerned about the training of future physical education teachers, since they deal with aspects of teaching School Physical Education. This finding has been reaffirmed after the conclusion that these spaces are in training places, since their participants attributed meaning to them and c) the processes of teaching and learning to be a teacher still represent a challenge to get Degree from the Physical Education Center because according to the participant students, some teachers develop their educational practice based on the model of technical rationality and/or do not approach the aspects of teaching in the subjects they teach. Fortunately, it has been identified the fact that there are teachers who make the dialogue of the school teaching in their pedagogical practices. Concerning students practices, teachers make clear that the undergraduate students are aware of the professional role they will have after graduating. Students, when referring to their performance in classes and training in other formative spaces and ways, they emphasize different aspects and distinct ways of taking part in the majoring. Nevertheless, all of them say they are interested in learning the necessary formative knowledge to teach. It was concluded that teacher licensing courses in Physical Education at the Physical Education Center of the Federal University of Santa Maria articulate their educational actions to school teaching, since the majoring is in general towards this direction. Before such situation, it is emphasized the relevance of the development of teaching practices to educational processes that involve work with School Physical Education. / Este estudo está inserido na Linha de Pesquisa Formação, Saberes e Desenvolvimento Profissional (PPGE/CE/UFSM) e teve como objetivo compreender a articulação das ações formativas do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física do CEFD/UFSM com a docência na escola. Justifica-se pela importância de se compreender como as recentes transformações realizadas nas estruturas curriculares a partir da promulgação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Formação de Professores da Educação Básica e das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o curso de Graduação em Educação Física estão sendo alvo de discussão, reflexão e transformação no contexto da UFSM. Os caminhos metodológicos adotados seguem os pressupostos da abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. O campo de estudo foi o Centro de Educação Física e Desportos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, com as informações coletadas através da análise de documentos e de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com professores e acadêmicos desse curso, sendo esses os participantes da pesquisa. Para interpretar as informações coletadas utilizou-se à análise de conteúdo, as quais evidenciaram os seguintes aspectos: a) o PPP procura fundamentar os processos de formação desenvolvidos no curso na medida em que mantêm relação estreita com a docência na escola; b) os espaços ligados ao curso de licenciatura são minoria em relação aos espaços destinados ao bacharelado, mesmo assim, conforme notou-se nos três espaços estudados, eles se mostram preocupados com a formação dos futuros professores de Educação Física, pois tratam de aspectos relativos a docência na Educação Física escolar. Esta constatação reafirmou-se ao concluir que esses espaços constituem-se em lugares de formação, já que os seus participantes atribuíram significado aos mesmos; e, c) os processos de ensinar e aprender a ser professor representam ainda um desafio a conquistar na Licenciatura do CEFD, pois de acordo com as acadêmicas participantes deste estudo, alguns docentes do curso desenvolvem sua prática educativa fundamentados no modelo de racionalidade técnica e/ou não abordam os aspectos relativos à docência na escola em disciplinas nas quais trabalham. Felizmente, identificou-se também a existência de docentes que realizam o diálogo com a docência na escola em suas práticas pedagógicas. Em relação às práticas discentes, os professores deixam claro, principalmente, que os acadêmicos do curso, de um modo geral, mostram-se cientes do papel profissional que terão ao se formarem. Já as acadêmicas, ao se referirem sobre a sua atuação nas aulas e nos demais espaços formativos enfatizam aspectos e maneiras distintas de participação no curso. Mesmo assim, todas se manifestam interessadas em aprender os conhecimentos formativos necessários à docência. Concluiu-se, então, que embora restritos, os dados sugerem que a Licenciatura em Educação Física do CEFD/UFSM articula as suas ações formativas com a docência na escola, uma vez que o curso caminha de forma geral nesta direção. Diante disso, salienta-se a relevância do desenvolvimento de práticas docentes que deem ênfase aos processos educativos que envolvem o trabalho com a Educação Física Escolar.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-26T20:23:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:42:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:42:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T19:42:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / Não recebi financiamento / In the framework of foreign language teachers’ formation, studies points out that beliefs can influence teachers’ actions in the classroom and also that these professionals may recall their experiences as language learners in order to make decisions. Therefore, the identification of possible beliefs and the reflection about them are required steps to a better comprehension of the learner. According to Almeida Filho (1993), the beliefs are part of the Global Operation in the language teaching. Following the same thoughts, Barcelos (1995, 2001, 2004a/b, 2006) contributed to the consolidation of the concept of beliefs in Brazil. The present work aims to identify the beliefs about learning and teaching Spanish from students who are beginning the Language’s degree in Portuguese/Spanish, as well as to verify if there were any changes in relation to these beliefs during this research. Considering the qualitative and interpretative aspect of this research, it was used, as methodology, a mixed questionnaire, an autobiographical production and a semi-structured interview. Through these instruments, it was possible to observe the beliefs’ dynamicity. The results indicate a modification in relation to the belief of a supposed facility that Brazilians have to learn Spanish (Kulikowski & González, 1999). The data of this work also presents changes in the view of language as a list of words to be learned, which seems to be modified, prevailing cultural aspects in the language learning. Regarding to teaching, it was acknowledged beliefs related to the image of a good Spanish teacher and to the foreign language classes. The models mentioned by the participants are, largely, influenced by the classes at university and not by their experiences from the Elementary and High school. The study reveals the dynamic and heterogeneity aspect of the beliefs developed by the learners, who demand from their teachers’ professor/trainer a constant critical and reflective acting. / No contexto da formação de professores de língua estrangeira, estudos apontam que crenças podem influenciar suas ações em sala de aula e que estes profissionais podem se basear em suas experiências como aprendizes de línguas para tomar decisões. Portanto, a identificação de possíveis crenças e a reflexão sobre elas são passos necessários para a compreensão do aprendiz. Para Almeida Filho (1993) as crenças são parte da Operação Global de Ensino de Línguas. Assim como ele, Barcelos (1995, 2001, 2004a/b, 2006) contribui para a consolidação do conceito de crenças no Brasil. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos identificar as crenças sobre aprender e ensinar espanhol de estudantes ingressantes do curso de licenciatura em Letras Português/Espanhol, bem como verificar se houve mudanças em relação a tais crenças durante a pesquisa. Considerando a natureza qualitativa e interpretativista desta investigação, utilizamos um questionário misto, uma produção autobiográfica e uma entrevista semiestruturada. Por meio destes instrumentos, pudemos verificar a dinamicidade das crenças. Os resultados obtidos indicam mudança em relação à crença da suposta facilidade do brasileiro em aprender espanhol (Kulikowski & González, 1999). Os dados deste trabalho também apresentam mudanças na visão de língua como uma lista de palavras a ser aprendida que parece estar sendo modificada, prevalecendo aspectos culturais na aprendizagem do idioma. Quanto ao ensino, identificamos crenças relacionadas à imagem do bom professor de espanhol e às aulas de língua estrangeira sendo que os modelos citados pelos participantes são, em grande parte, influenciados pelas aulas na universidade e não nas experiências tidas no ensino fundamental e médio. A pesquisa desenvolvida constata a dinamicidade e a heterogeneidade das crenças desenvolvidas pelos aprendizes, que demandam do formador de professores uma constante atuação crítico-reflexiva.