Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:38:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1902.pdf: 3081939 bytes, checksum: e13f0748d56dfa27ed4564e6900f0ce7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-13 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The present study was developed in Jardim Gonzaga , a peripheral neighborhood of the city of São Carlos, interior of the State of São Paulo, where the project Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer (Experiences in Diversified Leisure Activities) takes place. This is a university extension project (São Carlos Federal University), in partnership with the project Campeões na Rua (Champions in the Street), coordinated by São Carlos s Town Hall. The objective of this research was to analyze the educative processes present in the social practice of leisure, with particular attention to the playful elements (ludic), in the context of the project Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer , which took place in the Communitarian Station (ECO) of Jardim Gonzaga, especially through the perception of the oldest participants, their relatives and the educators. The methodology used was situated phenomenon , a phenomenological qualitative inquiry. Interviews were carried out with four participants and four respective relatives¸ inserted in the projects since the beginning (2002). Three educators currently participating in the project were also interviewed. For the gathering of data, field diaries were made between September of 2004 and April of 2008. In the analysis of the data the next categories were established: A) Playing and learning in the project; B) ECO is a better space for the projects; C) The importance of the educators; D) Driving children out of the street; E) To play and to learn with a full tummy is better. These categories made the construction of the results possible. In the considerations I observed, among the educative processes resulting from the relationship between the participants, the educators and their relatives: learning while they are playing, diversified ludic experiences and independence in choosing how to enjoy leisure, affection and sensibility, collective work, respect and solidarity for others, racial-ethnically affirmative actions, respect and interaction with the environment, incentive towards reading and writing, apprenticeships in different spaces, commitment. Finally, I would like to emphasize that besides what we learn (games; mutual respect, without regard to gender, age, race, social status, professional status, culture...), equally important is how we learn (we humanize ourselves): in concrete experiences, in significant existences, in reciprocity. / O presente estudo foi desenvolvido no Jardim Gonzaga, bairro periférico do município de São Carlos, interior do Estado de São Paulo, no qual é realizado o projeto de extensão Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer , da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, em parceria com o projeto Campeões na Rua , da Prefeitura do Município de São Carlos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os processos educativos presentes na prática social do lazer, particularmente atentando para o elemento lúdico no contexto do projeto Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer , no espaço da Estação Comunitária (ECO) do Jardim Gonzaga, segundo a percepção dos participantes mais antigos, seus familiares e educadores. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa qualitativa com ênfase na fenomenologia, modalidade fenômeno situado. Foram realizadas entrevistas com quatro participantes e quatro respectivos familiares¸ inseridos, desde o início (2002), nos projetos. No que se refere aos educadores, foram escolhidos três, os quais participam atualmente dos projetos. Na coleta de dados foram também realizados diários de campo entre setembro de 2004 e abril de 2008. Na análise dos dados foram estabelecidas as seguintes categorias: A) Brincando e aprendendo no projeto; B) O espaço da ECO é melhor para os projetos; C) A importância dos educadores; D) Tirando as crianças da rua; E) Brincar e aprender de barriguinha cheia é melhor; as quais possibilitaram a construção dos resultados. Nas considerações observei, dentre os processos educativos desencadedos na convivência de participantes, educadores e familiares: o aprender brincando, a vivência lúdica diversificada e a autonomia na decisão e forma de fruição do lazer, o afeto e a sensibilidade, o trabalho coletivo, o respeito e a solidariedade para com o outro, a afirmação étnico-racial, o respeito e a interação com o meio ambiente, o incentivo a leitura e a escrita, aprendizagens em diferentes espaços, o comprometimento. Destaco, por fim, que além do que aprendemos (jogos; brincadeiras; respeito para com o outro, independentemente do gênero, da idade, da etnia, da condição social, da situação profissional, da cultura...), de igual importância foi o como aprendemos (nos humanizamos): em experiências concretas, em vivências significativas, em reciprocidade.

Denna avhandling undersökte förhållandet mellan urbana attribut och upplevd livlighet och dess effekt på kvinnors upplevda säkerhet. Med utgångspunkt i teorier om naturlig övervakning [6] och vikten av att ha andra människor närvarande för att öka kvinnors säkerhet [17], utvärderades fysiska gatuattribut som förutspåddes öka miljöns livlighet. Totalt deltog 27 kvinnor i åldrarna 22-31 i utvärderingen av upplevd säkerhet vid 16 stads gatuhörn genom en två-alternativ tvångsvalsmetod i en virtuell miljö. Valen gjordes två gånger för varje hörn och gatorna visades i en manuellt randomiserad ordning. Resultaten visar en hierarki av attribut på gatunivå som påverkar den upplevda säkerheten mer än fasader med fönster på grund av deras större inverkan på livligheten, och fönster visar sig vara viktigare än grönska. Förutom att bekräfta tidigare forskning visar studien också att människor inte behöver vara närvarande för att en miljö ska uppfattas som levande, eftersom attribut som bilar, kaféer, busshållplatser och fönster fungerar som substitut för mänsklig aktivitet och närvaro. / This thesis explored urban street attributes relationship with perceived liveliness and its effect on women’s perceived safety. Drawing on theories of natural surveillance [6] and the importance of having other humans present for women’s increased safety [17], the study evaluated physical street attributes that predicted to increase the liveliness of an urban environment were evaluated. 27 females aged 22-31 participated in evaluating the perceived safety of 16 urban street corners using a two-alternative forced-choice method in a virtual reality environment. The choices were made twice for each corner, with the streets displayed in a manually randomized order. Findings reveal a hierarchy of street-level attributes affecting perceived safety more than windowed facades due to its greater impact on liveliness, and windows being more important than greenery. Along with confirming previous research, it is also found that people do not need to be present for an environment to be perceived as lively as attributes like cars, cafes, bus stops and windows serve as proxies for human activity and presence of others.

The work describes the theoretical foundations of modern methods of creating new fonts, that is, using information technology, specifically vector programs. It also marginally shows the history of the font, Roman writing, the basic division of its compositions and describes its individual elements. The next part of the project focuses on creating digital fonts and continues with bringing it to live using algorithms and methods that can easily be processed in Matlab programming language. The method of implementation of the bringing the typeface to live is described and presentation of the generated results are then shown in few examples. Attention is also paid to the coordinates system, which is very important to solve geometric transformations, and two-dimensional vector graphics, which are widely used in the design and to render the fonts. Bézier curves and cubic Bézier curves are described in further detail along with vector graphics rasterization. One part of this text describes very important de Casteljau algorithm. The last chapter focuses on implementation in Matlab programming language, the creation of curves, that means single font characters, and the ways of how the algorithm works with transformations. Some sample images showing transformations using different input arguments are displayed in this section as well. There is evaluation of the contribution of this application and the possibilities of further expansion at the end.

Master’s thesis concern with the area on the edge of urban district Brno-Řečkovice a Mokrá Hora which is defined by street Terezy Novákové and Žilkova. In this territory is designed new residential complex which is integrated into existing buildings and area of the Czech Army. The main theme of this projet is created compact housing development with adequate population density which complete current built-up area and guarantee high-quality enviroment for living present and future inhabitants. Urban development respect surrounding houses. New complex has mainly block character which is created by block of flats and transformed into low row houses. In the proposed complex prevail residential function which is supplemented by public facilities like kindergarten, sports grounds and basic services. The urban philosophy put emphasis on human scale, high-quality public space and general contentment, liveliness and safety in street’s area.

本論の目的は、「知覚」的世界の実相の解明を通じて、『人間本性論』におけるヒュームの哲学の基本的枠組みを闡明するところにある。本論文は、印象と観念の差異としての「生気」を因果的力能と捉える解釈を軸とし、次のように展開する。最初に、関係的知覚の構造と、因果の観念の知覚的起源を究明する。それに基づいて、「生気」にかんする因果的解釈を明確化する。最後に、この解釈に依拠して、観念の表象性および真理についての自然主義的な説明を試みる。 / The purpose of this dissertation is to make explicit the basic framework of Hume's philosophy, by clarifying the nature of Humean 'perceptions' upon which his arguments in Treatise are founded. I begin with the hypothesis that the liveliness of perceptions, to which Hume refers to differentiate impressions and beliefs from ideas, is a kind of causal power to produce certain effects. I firstly investigate Hume's view on the perceptions of relations and on the perceptual origin of causal ideas. I then articulate the causal interpretation of liveliness. Finally I pursue its consequences, reconstructing Hume's conception of ideas as representations from a naturalistic point of view about truth and inquiry. / 博士(哲学) / Doctor of Philosophy / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University