In this article, we explore the Black Lives Matter activist Alicia Garza's Twitter usage during the month of June in 2020 with a critical discourse analysis (CDA). Our aim with the study was to examine the underlying motives and values in Garzas tweeting, and if there were any prevailing themes, in order to see if there was a difference between the discourse used for personal matters and the discourse related to her activism. To support our analysis we utilized critical theory to gain a critical reference and the two-step flow hypothesis to delve into the possible effects Garza's position as an opinion leader has on her tweeting. After processing and examining a total of 48 tweets from the month of June, through the use of coding, our analysis suggests that there are several prevalent themes that can be distinguished in her tweeting. The themes we found were personal tweets, tweets expressing solidarity, tweets urging for action, tweets exuding authority, and promotional tweets. The line between personal matters and the discourse related to her activism was found to be fluid and unable to be strictly defined.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om skildringen av Black lives matter skiljer sig mellan olika tidningar baserat på dess politiska ställningstagande. Genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys kommer följande frågeställningar att besvaras; Hur ser språkbruket ut i några mediers rapportering om Black Lives Matter? Finns det systematiska skillnader och likheter i språkbruket för olika medier? Vilka ställningstaganden kan urskiljas i nyhetsrapporteringen? Resultatet visar att Fria tider och the American Spectators rubriker, formuleringar och innehåll visar att det präglats av tidningens politiska färg medan Svenska Dagbladet har en mer neutral rapportering. I diskussionen dras slutsatser om vilka följder observationerna i resultatet kan få i förlängningen. Slutsatserna är att majoriteten av artiklarna publicerade på Fria tider och The American Spectator visade på språklig systematik där värdeord och formuleringar användes vilket hade en påverkan över nyhetsrapporteringen då den blev mindre objektiv samt tydde på politiskt ställningstagande i många av artiklarna. I Svenska Dagbladet fanns inte samma språkliga systematik innehållande värdeord eller tendensiösa formuleringar. Språket hade en stor påverkan över helhetsintrycket av artiklarna och med tanke på att sammanhanget är nyhetsrapportering krävdes det få ord eller formuleringar för att urskilja värderingar och urskilja ställningstaganden.

In the years since the advent of the Black Lives Matter movement, American art museums have increased attempts to address the racial inequities that persist in the field. These inequities impact all aspects of museum work, not least of which education. Because museum educators are often seen as the conduit between museum collections and audiences, the work of implementing anti-racist programming often falls to them. However, the museum education field is majority White, and while there is a rich body of literature treating the adverse impacts of Whiteness on classroom teaching practices, very little exists on how Whiteness might manifest in gallery teaching practices specifically for White museum educators. Utilizing participatory action research, practitioner inquiry, and a White affinity group model, this qualitative study explores aspects of Whiteness that impact the gallery teaching practices of four White museum educators. Our research questions seek to understand better how Whiteness manifests in our teaching specifically in the context of single visit field trips, how those impacts might shift depending on the racial demographics of the groups we are teaching, what questions come for us as a White practitioner-researcher group dedicated to undermining Whiteness in our teaching, and how, if at all, does participation in such a study impact how we think about and implement anti-racist teaching in our practice. As per the research traditions guiding this study, I treated myself as a participant alongside three other White museum educators, and together as a practitioner inquiry group we co-generated our research questions and agreed to our research methods. These included the formation of a digital space in which we could communicate with each other, observations of our teaching, reflective writing responding to the observations, and conversations in the digital space based on these writings. This period of data generation was followed by interviews between myself and each participant as well as a focus group with all of us. Findings surfaced various avoidance techniques we each employed in our teaching to avoid race talk or push our anti-racist teaching more deeply. Our avoidance pointed to perceived tensions we felt between our trainings and the demands of anti-racist teaching, as well as the limitations of the single visit field trip model. Findings also surfaced anxiety when discussing Blackness in particular, as well as problematic assumptions about both White students and students of color we work with. Analysis of these findings provide insights into the ways art museum pedagogies in addition to critical emotional pedagogies might be deployed towards anti-racist teaching, as well as the emotional qualities of naming and dismantling Whiteness as White practitioners. While the findings are limited to the four museum educator participants and the specific contexts in which we work, this study points to ways we might begin to develop deeper understandings of how Whiteness might impact gallery teaching practices. More importantly, in the tradition of practitioner inquiry, this study raises important questions around how visitors of color experience Whiteness in museum education programs, how professional development might be reimagined for museum educators, as well as ways to rethink the traditional single visit field trip model to better accommodate anti-racist learning goals.

Bakgrund: Postpartumdepression (PPD) är en depression som debuterar efter förlossningen och kan drabba både män och kvinnor i all ålder och i all kultur. Postpartumdepressionen för med sig särskilda risker som kan innebära allvarliga konsekvenser för familjer. Forskning om PPD fokuserar i huvudsak på mödrars upplevelser och påverkan på barnet och familjen. Medan fäderna upplevelser har saknats. PPD kan drabba fäderna i lika stor utsträckning som mödrar men fortfarande ett dolt problem. Syfte: Postpartumdepression (PPD) är en depression som debuterar efter förlossningen och kan drabba både män och kvinnor i all ålder och i all kultur. Postpartumdepressionen för med sig särskilda risker som kan innebära allvarliga konsekvenser för familjer. Forskning om PPD fokuserar i huvudsak på mödrars upplevelser och påverkan på barnet och familjen. Medan fäderna upplevelser har saknats. PPD kan drabba fäderna i lika stor utsträckning som mödrar men fortfarande ett dolt problem. Metod: En litteraturöversikt utfördes med tio kvalitativa studier om föräldrarnas upplevelser av PPD. Artiklarnas olika tema identifierades, jämfördes, analyserades för att sedan kategoriseras i de slutgiltiga teman som presenterades i detta arbete. Resultat: Tre huvudteman redovisades: Postpartumdepressionens inverkan på det känslomässiga livet och självbilden, Postpartumdepressionens inverkan på attityder och sist Postpartumdepressionens inverkan på förmågan att söka stöd. Diskussion:  Föräldrarna upplever att postpartumdepression har stor inverkan i deras liv. Sjukdomens okunskap och stigma hindrar de att söka stöd. Fäderna upplever att de nonchaleras. Allmänsjukvårdspersonal bör söka sig kunskapen om vilken inverkan postpartumdepression har på föräldrars liv och hur föräldrarna upplever postpartumdepression. Detta skulle bidra till att bemötande förbättras som i sin tur skulle leda till att mer föräldrar söker vård för postpartumdepression / Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a depression that debuts after childbirth and can affect both men and women of all ages and in all cultures. Postpartum depression brings with it particular risks that can have serious consequences for families. Research on postpartum depression mainly focuses on maternal experiences and the influence on the child and the family while researches on father`s experiences have been lacking. Postpartum depression can affect fathers to the same extent as mothers but still a hidden problem. Aim: The aim was to highlight parents´ experiences of postpartum depression. Method: A literature review was conducted with ten qualitative studies of the parents' experiences of postpartum depression. The different topics were identified, compared, analyzed and then categorized into the final themes presented in this paper. Results: Three main themes were reported: Postpartum depression impact on emotional life and self-image, Postpartum depression impact on attitudes and last Postpartum depression impact on the ability to seek support. Discussion: Postpartum depression has a major impact on parents’ lives. The lack of knowledge on the disease and the stigma upon it prevents parents from seeking support. Fathers rapports that they are left by side. General healthcare professionals should seek knowledge about the effect of postpartum depression on parents' lives and how they themselves experience the disease. This would help improve treatment, which would in turn lead to more parents seek help for postpartum depression.

The migration of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans- and queer (LGBTQ) people from Central America to or through Mexico has increased in recent years. People are leaving spaces of violence and exclusion related to their sexual and/or gender identity and search conditions for a livable life. Yet, the migration implies an exposure to different sorts of violence, wherefore this thesis explores how the vulnerability of Central American queer people is (re)produced in a situation of human mobility in Mexico. Further, the thesis examines how protection is made (im)possible for the LGBTQ community in religious shelters. The research is based on qualitative research and thirteen semi-structured interviews, carried out in Mexico in 2020, with representatives from shelters, universities and civil society organizations working with migrants and LGBTQ people.   Queer people are disproportionally exposed to vulnerability in Mexico and migrating does not necessary imply that life becomes livable. Since their lives are likely to be understood as ungrievable lives by the heteronormative society, the violence and the exposure to vulnerability of this populations becomes largely invisible. Thus, religious shelters both include and exclude LGBTQ people, depending on how they imagine boundaries.

The GERDA experiment is searching for the neutrinoless double beta (0vbb) decay of Ge-76. By that, it tries to answer two long standing questions about the neutrino: 'How large is the neutrino mass?' and 'Is the neutrino either Dirac or Majorana particle?'. Additionally, an observation would imply that lepton number is not conserved, which is an important puzzle piece for theories explaining the asymmetry between matter and anti-matter in the universe. The effective Majorana electron neutrino mass can be extracted from the half-life of the 0vbb -decay. However, during that conversion large uncertainties are added through nuclear matrix elements, that are calculated by a variety of theoretical models. Experimental input is required to constrain such models and their parameters to improve the reliability of the calculations. Additional input can be obtained by comparing the model predictions for the two neutrino double beta (2vbb) decay to the ground state, but also for decay modes to excited states of the daughter nuclide with measurements. The latter decay modes have not yet been observed in the case of Ge-76. The event signature of transitions to excited states is enhanced by de-excitation gamma-rays. The GERDA experiment employs an array of bare germanium semi-conductor detectors in a liquid argon cryostat. This array is suited to search for excited state transition in the 2vbb and 0vbb -decay modes using data with coincident energy depositions in multiple detectors. This work presents the preparation and characterisation of this data set, which includes the evaluation and correction of crosstalk between detector channels, the determination of the energy resolution of the detectors and the modelling of background. In an analysis combining 22 kgyr of Phase I data with the first 35 kgyr of Phase II data of GERDA, no signal has been observed for 2/0vbb -decays of Ge-76 to the energetically lowest three excited states in Se-76. New limits have been set for the two neutrino decay modes at T1/2(2v)(0+g.s. to 0+1) > 3.1x10^23 yr, T1/2(2v)(0+g.s. to 2+1) > 3.4x10^23 yr T1/2(2v)(0+g.s. to 2+2) > 2.5x10^23 yr with 90% credibility using a Bayesian approach, improving upon the limits obtained in Phase I. The corresponding sensitivities are 3.6x10^23 yr, 6.7x10^23 yr and 3.7x10^23 yr, respectively. First limits are set for the neutrinoless decay modes in the order of (10^24-10^25) yr. Reaching the desired Phase II exposure of 100 kgyr, the sensitivities will increase by up to 50%.

This dissertation examines the forms of media that are most productive for the formation of social and political movements at their earliest stages. The problem it confronts is a contemporary one: the dominant forms of social media on the internet do not allow for the slow and focused deliberation this is demanded for radical ideas that are attempting to undermine a status quo to begin to take root. Movements rise and fall very quickly, following the metabolism of sites like Facebook and Twitter, without having the long-term impact they seek. By first looking historically at a series of pre-digital case studies – starting with letters before the scientific revolution and moving through petitions, small newspapers, samizdat and all the way to zines in the 1990s – aspects of more effective incubatory media will present themselves. Each chapter in this first half of the book zeroes in on the affordances of these particular forms of communication that made them so useful. After having looked at pre-digital communication, the dissertation will then turn to contemporary case studies and the challenges posed by social media for activists of all stripes looking to incubate their ideas on these platforms. Starting with the Arab Spring in Egypt, which offers a cautionary tale of a movement overtaken by the social media metabolism and moving through the 2010s toward Black Lives Matter, there is a progression of awareness about what tools the internet can provide for communication and which prove most productive for offering sustainability to a movement. The conclusion is one gained from the juxtaposition of the historical and the contemporary, which builds to an awareness of what affordances are required for a radical idea to avoid burning out.

Denna studies syfte är att undersöka hur demonstrationerna som genomfördes av rörelsen Black Lives Matter i Sverige framställs i svensk media och vad denna framställning leder till för effekter. Denna studie antar en kvalitativ ansats där det analytiska tillvägagångsättet utgår från Carol Bacchis diskursanalys ”What’s the problem represented to be?”. Studien belyser hur språket i tidningar skapar olika opinionsbildningar i samhället beroende på tidningens ställningstagande i det politiska spektrumet. Det följs upp av vad tidigare forskning har beskrivit som protestparadigmet, där medier följer specifika ramverk när de rapporterar om demonstrationer. I analysen ingår 27 nyhetsartiklar från tidningar som representerar den mediala vänstern, mediala högern samt den traditionella median. Det finns en forskningslucka angående hur svenska medier har rapporterat om Black Lives Matter demonstrationerna som denna studie har försökt minska. De slutsatser som kan dras av denna studie är att det finns en stor skillnad i hur man framställer demonstrationerna beroende på vart i det politiska spektrumet tidningen anser sig vara och att dessa problemframställningar kan leda till effekter som minskat förtroende för myndigheter och ett mer proletariserat samhälle. Studiens slutsatser kan bidra till hur media påverkar individens uppfattning i viktiga frågor.

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