Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-02T19:26:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marineavicentinadacruz.pdf: 760260 bytes, checksum: 617fb1085fbc1e4daadfc50df84127b7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-02T13:18:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marineavicentinadacruz.pdf: 760260 bytes, checksum: 617fb1085fbc1e4daadfc50df84127b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-02T13:18:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marineavicentinadacruz.pdf: 760260 bytes, checksum: 617fb1085fbc1e4daadfc50df84127b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / Este trabalho pretende analisar as percepções de professores do ensino fundamental sobre as causas de um possível processo de adoecimento, advindo de sua atividade profissional. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa feita através da análise da prática educativa em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental no município de Juiz de Fora – Minas Gerais, ente 2010 e 2011. Ancorado na pesquisa etnográfica, este estudo pretende analisar as condições de trabalho, as relações sociais envolvidas na instituição escolar e, a partir disto, tentar entender este processo de adoecimento, conhecido como “mal-estar docente”, não por uma abordagem, estritamente, biológica, mas, sim, levando em consideração as várias nuances envolvidas no ambiente escolar, onde o olhar antropológico é a lente principal. Além disso, como estratégia de complementação à observação de campo, foi aplicado o instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) que tem por finalidade avaliar o grau de stress de profissionais como professores, policiais, médicos e enfermeiros, o qual revelou um alto grau de exaustão por parte dos professores desta escola. / This work aims at analyzing the understanding, by elementary and middle school teachers, of the causes of a potential illness condition related to their professional activities. Educational activities were qualitatively analyzed in a public school in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, between 2010 and 2011. Based on the principles of the Ethnographic Research, such activities were studied in regards to work conditions and social relations inside the school environment. The main purpose of such an analysis is to understand this illness condition, known as faculty indisposition, not only in a strictly biological approach, but also taking into consideration the several causes related to the educational environment, in which the anthropological approach is key. Moreover, in complementation to the field work, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), developed for evaluating the stress level of teachers, policemen, doctors and nurses, was applied. Results showed a high level of exhaustion by the part of teachers in the school studied.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-21T17:25:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 victorhugodecastrodutra.pdf: 751636 bytes, checksum: 0258d6d006b1d24aee758a0c34cc4d20 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T15:27:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 victorhugodecastrodutra.pdf: 751636 bytes, checksum: 0258d6d006b1d24aee758a0c34cc4d20 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T15:27:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 victorhugodecastrodutra.pdf: 751636 bytes, checksum: 0258d6d006b1d24aee758a0c34cc4d20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-29 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação pretende explorar o conceito de mal, na obra de Paul Ricoeur (1923- 2005). Para isso avaliamos sua obra como um todo, mas com foco em três livros, pois os mesmos destacam os momentos de interpretação, do nosso autor, no que tange sua aproximação do problema do mal. São eles: THE SYMBOLISM OF EVIL, O MAL: UM DESAFIO À FILOSOFIA E À TEOLOGIA, e O SI-MESMO COMO UM OUTRO. Contudo, invertemos a ordem cronológica dos textos para uma abordagem original que prima chegar à maneira de como Paul Ricoeur propõe uma solução ao problema do mal. Desenvolvemos como o autor interpreta que a história da filosofia e a história da teologia desenvolveram o problema do mal, e a partir daí expomos como nosso autor o aborda, isto é na perspectiva de uma pessoa que sofre. Para então verificar como as raízes da interpretação e possível solução são encontradas nos mitos e símbolos do mal, e mais como o homem é falível e frágil em relação ao problema do mal. Para então, enfim, explorar sua pequena ética. Onde acreditamos ser possível concluir o combate ao mal através das instituições justas. / This present thesis will explore the concept of evil, in the work of Paul Ricoeur (1923-2005). To do this we evaluate his work as a whole, but focused on three books, as they highlight moments of interpretation, of our author, regarding their approach to the problem of evil. They are: THE SYMBOLISM OF EVIL, EVIL: A CHALLENGE TO PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY, and THE ONESELF AS ANOTHER. But we inverted the chronological order of the texts to make an original approach that excels as a way to get to Paul Ricoeur proposal of a solution to the problem of evil. We have exposed how, as the author interprets the history of philosophy and history of theology, he developed the problem of evil, and from there too we have exposed how our author addresses it, that is, from the perspective of a person who suffers. To then see how the roots of the interpretation and possible solution, for the problem, are founded in myths and symbols of evil, and more, how man is fallible, and fragile in relation to the problem of evil. By then, finally, exploring his small ethics. Where we believe we can finish with the confrontation against evil through just institutions.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-28T19:38:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marineavicentinadacruz.pdf: 760260 bytes, checksum: 617fb1085fbc1e4daadfc50df84127b7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-05T14:34:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marineavicentinadacruz.pdf: 760260 bytes, checksum: 617fb1085fbc1e4daadfc50df84127b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-05T14:34:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marineavicentinadacruz.pdf: 760260 bytes, checksum: 617fb1085fbc1e4daadfc50df84127b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / Este trabalho pretende analisar as percepções de professores do ensino fundamental sobre as causas de um possível processo de adoecimento, advindo de sua atividade profissional. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa feita através da análise da prática educativa em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental no município de Juiz de Fora – Minas Gerais, ente 2010 e 2011. Ancorado na pesquisa etnográfica, este estudo pretende analisar as condições de trabalho, as relações sociais envolvidas na instituição escolar e, a partir disto, tentar entender este processo de adoecimento, conhecido como “mal-estar docente”, não por uma abordagem, estritamente, biológica, mas, sim, levando em consideração as várias nuances envolvidas no ambiente escolar, onde o olhar antropológico é a lente principal. Além disso, como estratégia de complementação à observação de campo, foi aplicado o instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) que tem por finalidade avaliar o grau de stress de profissionais como professores, policiais, médicos e enfermeiros, o qual revelou um alto grau de exaustão por parte dos professores desta escola. / This work aims at analyzing the understanding, by elementary and middle school teachers, of the causes of a potential illness condition related to their professional activities. Educational activities were qualitatively analyzed in a public school in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, between 2010 and 2011. Based on the principles of the Ethnographic Research, such activities were studied in regards to work conditions and social relations inside the school environment. The main purpose of such an analysis is to understand this illness condition, known as faculty indisposition, not only in a strictly biological approach, but also taking into consideration the several causes related to the educational environment, in which the anthropological approach is key. Moreover, in complementation to the field work, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), developed for evaluating the stress level of teachers, policemen, doctors and nurses, was applied. Results showed a high level of exhaustion by the part of teachers in the school studied.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-28T20:22:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelcesarpitt.pdf: 614374 bytes, checksum: 1b9f6879969fed4b545f9fb3e86f37c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-30T13:52:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelcesarpitt.pdf: 614374 bytes, checksum: 1b9f6879969fed4b545f9fb3e86f37c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-30T13:52:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelcesarpitt.pdf: 614374 bytes, checksum: 1b9f6879969fed4b545f9fb3e86f37c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-23 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A teodiceia é o conceito utilizado na modernidade filosófica para designar uma defesa ou justificativa da perfeição divina diante do problema do mal. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar que o livro de Schelling de 1809, a Freiheitsschrift, dispensa a elaboração de uma teodiceia ao oferecer um sistema da razão no qual o problema do mal é devidamente compreendido dentro da esfera da liberdade humana. Esse feito permite a Schelling demonstrar os atributos divinos da vida e da personalidade, ao mesmo tempo em que aponta para a ausência de relação entre Deus e o mal. Esse vazio entre o criador e o mal é possível, por um lado, pela concepção de criação, enquanto desdobramento do ser divino e, por outro lado, pela possibilidade do mal fundada exclusivamente na liberdade humana. O resultado desse vazio é a consequente dispensabilidade da defesa de Deus diante do problema do mal. / Theodicy is the concept used in modernt philosophy to describe a defense or justification of divine perfection before the problem of evil. The objective of this work is to show that the book of Schelling of 1809, the Freiheitsschrift, dispenses the preparation of a theodicy while offering a system of the reason in which the problem of the evil is properly understood inside the sphere of the human freedom. This achievement allows Schelling demonstrate the divine attributes of life and personality, while pointing to the absence of relationship between God and evil. This emptiness between the creator and evil is possible, firstly, through the conception of creation as an unfolding of the divine being and, secondly, through the possibility of evil founded exclusively on human freedom. The result of this emptiness is the dispensability of the subsequent defense of God before the problem of evil.

Déplaire : ni une notion constituée, ni un champ de recherche. Mais une revendication : celle de plusieurs écrivains et artistes français au XVIIIe siècle, rechignant à répondre aux attentes du public. L’avènement d’une « opinion publique », dont l’autorité est contestée, renforce leur désir d’autonomie. Parmi les plus éloquents d’entre eux : Rousseau. À partir du Discours sur l’origine de l'inégalité [1751] et à l’occasion d’une éclatante « réforme » personnelle, le Citoyen de Genève établit la nécessité de rompre avec les arts de plaire qui ordonnaient la vie sociale et l’écriture littéraire depuis le XVIIe siècle. Mais il est bientôt confronté aux écueils de la tentation autarcique et d’une revendication d’indépendance immédiatement susceptible de se transformer en stratégie de séduction. Ainsi l’écrivain dénonce, au tournant des années 1760, sa posture d’auteur « rébarbatif ». Ce faisant, il s’essaie à fonder un nouveau plaire, libre et dégagé des obligations courtisanes… La poétique qui accompagne cette réhabilitation d’une forme de séduction se déploie notamment dans La Nouvelle Héloïse. Parvient-elle pour autant à surmonter l’interdit du plaisir littéraire posé par la Lettre à d’Alembert ? Cela n’est pas certain ; car c’est sa propre entreprise de persuasion qu’en dernière instance l’écrivain dénonce, et c’est en empoisonneur public qu’il se présente, secrètement, entre les lignes de son roman. / To displease: this is not a concept, neither a matter of research, but rather a claim--the claim of several writers and artists from the French 18th century, who where reluctant to meet their public’s expectations. The accession of public opinion, whose authority is contested, confirms their desire for autonomy. Among the most eloquent of them is Rousseau. After his Discourse about the origins of inequality among men [1751] inspired his own personal “reformation”, the Genevan citizen unexpectedly proclaims the need to be rid of the long-standing “art to please,” which, up until this point, had ordered social and literary life since the 17th century. However, he is quickly confronted by the dangers of autonomy and a quest for independence that could easily be mistaken as a deceptive form of seduction. In light of this, at the end of the 1750’s, Rousseau decides to renounce his stance as an insolent, forbidding author, and he re-establishes the aim to please, although this time in a different way. The language that is characteristic of the seductive style this author inaugurates is found in his novel La Nouvelle Heloise. But is the novelist able to trump his position, stated in the Lettre à d’Alembert, where he attacks literary pleasure? He would say so; but ironically, it is Rousseau’very own means of seduction that the is attacking when he suggests, indiscreetly, through the lines of his work, that he has been poisoning the public mind.

La simulation de conduite est fortement utilisée dans la recherche et le développement pour l'industrie automobile. Les simulateurs de conduite sont utilisés pour évaluer les prototypes véhicules pour la dynamique du véhicule et les systèmes d'aide à la conduite. Cependant, l'utilisation des simulateurs de conduite induit une problématique scientifique qui peut limiter son développement. En raison de son principe même, le simulateur de conduite ne restitue pas des mouvements du véhicule à l'échelle 1. Ce verrou cause des phénomènes de mal du simulateur qu'il est important d'étudier.Cette thèse propose d'étudier des méthodes et outils à mettre en œuvre dans les simulateurs de conduite statique ou dynamique. De cette mise en œuvre, des études sur le mal du simulateur sont menées grâce à des mesures objectives (via un capteur de suivi de mouvement, plate-forme de stabilité du corps, électromyographie) et subjectives (par l'intermédiaire de questionnaires). Des solutions algorithmiques et matérielles sont proposées et évaluées dans le contexte de la simulation de conduite.Les approches proposées dans cette thèse pour réduire le mal du simulateur sont:- Elaborer et évaluer les algorithmes de contrôle de la plate-forme mobile hexapode: sept algorithmes différents sont mis en œuvre.- Mesurer les effets liés au mal de simulateur sur les sujets aux niveaux vestibulaire, neuromusculaire et posturale.- Evaluer l'influence de l'implication des sujets sur le mal de simulateur (conducteurs et passagers). / Simulation has been intensively involved nowadays in research and development for automotive industry. Driving simulators are one of those simulation techniques which are used to evaluate the prototypes for the vehicle dynamics and driving assistance systems. However with the driving simulator, there is a lock associated with its use. Because representing a permanent scenario as scale 1 is quite difficult. Because of that difficulty, motion/simulator sickness is an inevitably important topic to study.This thesis proposes to explore methods and tools to implement in static or dynamic simulators. In this implementation, studies of simulator sickness are conducted with objective measures (via a motion tracking sensor, platform for body stability, electromyography) and subjective (through questionnaires). These algorithmic or hardware solutions studies should be defined and applied at simulators. The proposed approaches to reduce or avoid simulator sickness in this thesis are:- Building control algorithms of motion hexapod platform: seven different algorithms are implemented.- Measuring the effects of inertia on subjects at vestibular, neuromuscular and postural levels.- Assessing the involvement of subjects (drivers and passengers).

in English The aim of the study is to show Bataille's esthetic thoughts, dispersed in several Bataille's works, as a consistent theory of art. Through his fascination for cruel and evil, Bataille turns his interest to the matter and in revue called Documents he describes the appeal of low forms due to their proximity to formlessness. Beyond this frontier there is a sphere of "not-knowing", where the logical reason can not impenetrate. This sphere of excess is not only out of logical concept, but also out of our life, i. e. before our birth and after our death. In an organized society this sphere is forbidden. The tabu that guards it protects us from the destructive forces of chaos which could appear through the death rage, violent sexual passions, cruelty and evil. Human desire to see what is in this sphere comes from his nostalgia for a naturalness which had been lost when we changed from animals into human beings. The animal does not obey any rule and in ancient societies it used to represent the divinity. The lost intimity of present instant, as explained in Lascaux or Literature et le Mal, is mediated to us through religious transgression of law (sacrifice) or as fiction in art (transgression in modus "a like") or through destruction of academic forms. Such moments are always accompanied by...

L’éthique en santé bénéficie aujourd’hui d’un cadre réglementaire et normatif incitatif, obligeant les établissements à déployer une réflexion éthique. Mais cette éthique qui a lieu dans nos institutions de santé se prête-t-elle sans risque à son institutionnalisation ?Car en effet les institutions de santé sont devenues aujourd’hui des « thérapeutiques » qui obligent à des légitimes objectivation et nécessitent une organisation en machines à guérir hospitalières. Des machines où la question du mal est relativisée, voire déniée au profit du bien : il n’y a plus de mal, tout au plus des maux qu’il convient de gérer et de traiter avec des outils technoscientifiques et de gestion. Or « la question éthique ne se pose que par le fait que le mal existe ». Les machines à guérir déploient un arsenal de dispositifs dont l’intentionnalité est de guérir, mais également d’empêcher que ne survienne tout événement indésirable (Éi). Il s’agit bien sûr de guérir de la maladie, mais également de guérir d’un risque : celui de l’événement. Mais l’événement est récupéré par la machine hospitalière pour être requalifié en Éi. L’événement est vécu comme un Éi que le « qualéthicien » fera passer au crible du « pourquoi ? » à la recherche d’une causalité vulgaire. Ici apparaît tout l’enjeu de l’institutionnalisation de l’éthique : amener les institutions à faire de l’Éi un « événement désirable » en faisant culminer les professionnels dans l’événement, au lieu de chercher à réduire ce dernier à une causalité certaine. Car « le mal est sans pourquoi », mais nous nous devons de le combattre. Penser l’institutionnalisation de l’éthique, c’est être attentif à la dialectique de la structure et de l’événement comme synthèse ajournée. Cette non-synthèse permet de penser et la machine et l’événement comme deux concepts indissociables. Au delà de l’Ei, l’événement éthique (ÉÉ) apparaît comme la possibilité de survenue du mal. Car une éthique dont l’objectif serait d’éradiquer le mal viserait également à éradiquer la liberté. / Today, ethics with regard to health benefits from a regulatory and standardised framework incentive, obliges the establishments to deploy an ethical reflection. But do these ethics taking place in our health institutions come with no risk of institutionalisation?In effect, health institutions these days have become "therapeutics" that require legitimate objectification and necessitate organisation within the hospital curing machine. Machines where the question of evil is relativised, or even denied for the public good: there is no evil other than ailments that it needs to manage and treat with technoscience and management tools. Or "the ethical question arises just because of the fact this evil exists." The machines for curing deploy an arsenal of devices of which the intention is to heal, but equally to prevent the occurrence of adverse events. This means of course to cure the disease, but also to cure any risk: that of the event. But the event is recuperated by the hospital machine to be reclassified as adverse event. The event is experienced as an adverse event that an “ethics quality controller” will sift through to find the "why?" in the search for a common causal event. It is at this point that the challenge arises for institutionalising ethics: to lead institutions to make the adverse event a "desirable event" by culminating professionals in the event, instead of trying to reduce it to a certain causality. Because "evil has no why", but we do need to combat it.The consideration of the institutionalisation of ethics, is to be attentive to the dialectic of structure and of event as a delayed synthesis. This non-synthesis enables thinking, and the machine and the event to become two inseparable concepts. Beyond the adverse event, the ethical event (EE) appears as the possibility of the occurrence of evil. For ethics the objective of eradicating evil would equally aim at eradicating freedom.

L’étude de l’identité féminine dans la prose narrative d’Ingeborg Bachmann est à tous égards féconde. En dehors de la simple description de l’univers de la femme et des problèmes auxquels elle est confrontée dans sa quête d’identité, elle a donné l’opportunité de questionner sous un angle sociocritique, l’articulation de l’identité à l’écriture de la femme. Une fois surmontés les écueils liés à l’état fragmentaire de l’ensemble de la prose narrative de Bachmann, ce travail se propose donc de mettre en relief à l’aide d’éléments textuels, la thématique de l’angoisse existentielle, du mal-être, de l’étroitesse ou de la claustration. Aussi, cette thèse s’entend-elle somme toute, comme un travail centré sur le discours qui vise à mettre en relation la problématique de l’identité féminine avec les questions actuelles de la perméabilité des genres sexuels. Ce travail nous permettra entre autre d’expliciter le caractère engagé du discours bachmannien centré sur la reconnaissance de l’écriture de la femme. Les résultats obtenus nous conduiront à conclure que l’identité féminine chez Bachmann échappe à tout enfermement. Aussi son écriture se soustrait-elle à la rigidité des frontières entre genres sexuels et genres littéraires / Although seemingly traditional, the study of the female identity in the prose of Ingeborg Bachmann is in all respects fruitful. It didn’t simply aim to describe the universe of the woman; it gave the opportunity of questioning under a linguistic, intertextual and sociocritic view, the articulation of the identity to the writing of the woman. Once you overcome the shelves related to the fragmentary state of the whole narrative prose of Bachmann, this work then proposes itself to highlight with literal elements, the themes of angst, the discomfort and the narrowness or confinement. Therefore, this thesis comes together as a work centered on the speech with the objective to put the problematic of the female identity in relation with the current question of the permeability of the sexual kinds, via a textual and social examination. First of all, this work will allow us to explain the committed nature of Bachmann’s speech, centered on the recognition of the female writing. The results obtained through the literal analysis will lead us to conclude that Bachmann’s woman’s identity is out of confinement. Therefore, her writing escapes from the rigidity of the boundaries between sexual kinds and literary genres

De 1580 à 1640, la poésie française connaît un remarquable essor grâce au génie de la mélancolie. La confrontation de nombreux poèmes avec les textes savants éclaire les liens profonds qui unissent alors l’écriture poétique et les savoirs scientifiques et philosophiques. L’imaginaire de la mélancolie détermine les différentes figures auxquelles s’identifie le sujet lyrique – rêveur solitaire, amoureux transi, pécheur pénitent, poète inspiré et désargenté. Il informe une vision du monde, conditionnant la perception de la nature à travers l’invention du paysage maladif, la représentation de l’amour par l’analyse de ses causes, de ses effets et de ses remèdes, l’expression de l’inquiétude métaphysique par la description des affres de la culpabilité, ou encore l’image du poète et de sa condition précaire. Placé sous le signe de l’ambivalente mélancolie, le sujet lyrique est voué à des destins contradictoires – plaisir et douleur, damnation et rédemption, fulgurance et impuissance. A ces contrastes thématiques répond la binarité de l’écriture mélancolique, tour à tour tragique et élégiaque : le style de la langueur et celui de la fureur donnent lieu à deux types de discours qui recouvrent les poétiques baroque et maniériste. Soumettant le langage de la science à leur science du langage, nos poètes puisent dans le modèle traditionnel du mal noir une riche topique et un double registre qui leur permettent de traduire un sentiment pessimiste de l’existence. / Between 1580 and 1640, French Poetry soared impressively thanks to the Spirit of Melancholy. The comparison of poems with medical or moral texts sheds light on the tight connexion of poetic writing with scientific and philosophical knowledge. Melancholy’s imagination generates a variety of figures the lyrical subject may identify itself with – solitary dreamer, enthralled lover, penitent sinner, inspired and penniless poet. It presents a particular conception of the world thus influencing the perception of Nature through the invention of the morbid landscape, the representation of Love through the study of its causes, effects and cures, the expression of metaphysical agitation through the depiction of the spritual torture fathered by guilt and finally the image of the poets and their precarious situations. Under the influence of double-faced Melancholy the lyrical subject is bound to contradictory destinies – pleasure and pain, doom and redemption, power and weakness. Those contrasted themes echo the binary rhythm of melancholy writing which is alternately tragic and elegiac. The opposite styles of languor and fury produce two kinds of discourses consistent with the Baroque and Mannerism. When the poets use their science of language to fashion the language of science, they draw an elaborate theory and a double register from the traditonal theme of the Black Mood which allow them to express a pessimistic vision of existence.