It is widely known that at least three of the major world religions—Christianity, Islam, and (more controversially) Judaism—embrace the theory of bodily resurrection, or an event in which a person or people are brought back to embodied life after death. But is this theory compatible with materialism, or the philosophical doctrine that nothing exists except matter and its movements and modifications? In other words, if my “self” is identical with and nothing more than my body, could my unique and particular “self” come to exist again on Earth after my death? This thesis examines theories of compatibility from ancient times to the present day.

No. 1-2-3-4! (Motoric Key) consist of a weave series and a printed edition. Each piece with the outline 21x21 cm, a size similar to a hand, or a handkerchief, generic in the relation to a blueprint of a weave sample or a leaflet; a utilitarian object to use and be used. An economical outline that enables a mobility and simplicity of direction. A one made as one, one, one, through two years. A handkerchief tool. Potential efficiency, tunes and characters, stating the importance of listening as a way of working.

Donald Trump’s candidacy for president has led to a substantial debate not only in the Republican party but also in the media. Using a two-dimensional theoretical model consisting of the left-right scale and the GAL-TAN scale, this study aims to review the conflict that Donald Trump’s campaign has led to in the Republican party. Using content analysis, a range of statements from Republicans have been analyzed, aiming to answer the following questions; How do the republican political actors contend for or against Donald Trump’s candidacy? and: what material or post-material values are linked to these arguments and statements? This study shows that the conflict following Donald Trump’s candidacy can mainly be placed in the post-material conflict dimension, even though some left-right arguments can also be found in the studied material. The political actors supporting Trump’s candidacy are mainly using arguments possible to place in the TAN-part of the post-material conflict dimension, whereas the actors criticizing Trump are mainly using arguments possible to place in the GAL-part.

This thesis explores the nature of service learning projects that are structured to make interventions in rhetorical spheres and seek to achieve social change on a smaller scale rather striving for grander, or even systemic, change. In structuring community projects that include inherently limited interventions and equally limited goals, I argue that such projects should be open to immediate adjustments within themselves –to abandon any particular form or goal—to satisfy the immediate needs of the individuals served. I draw upon my work with a reintegration program for ex-offenders in Richmond, Virginia called Working with Conviction to help demonstrate that service learning constituents who create community projects need to be acutely attuned to the temporal and spatial constraints of any project, the ideological commitments of the relevant community, and the various locations of agency that can be affirmed and explored regarding the individuals served.

The purpose of my thesis is to present possible influence of trendy things to prestige, in the ninth grade of city primary school. The goal of this thesis is to identify the social structure of the students' group, to map the value orientation of the students, to identify their trendy things, and to connect all these findings. The thesis tries to answer the question of the influence of trendy things to the prestige in this students' group, and find out whether in this group of students exists the materialization of prestige. The text is divided into two parts. The theoretical part focuses on pointing out the main aspects of the topic of trendy things, adolescence, materialism and prestige. These topics are analysed in the context of psychology and partly sociology, antropology and education as well. Empirical part, in addition to the description of objectives, methods, research sample and environment, pays particular attention to analysis of its own data of quality-oriented research with the support of several quantitative methods. First, it describes the social hierarchy of students in terms of their degree of influence, popularity and prestige, and identifies their sub-groups. Next I try to find out the prevailing students' value orientation. Then I subscribe the possible negotiation strategies...

In the seventeenth century a new science of motion emerged that later developed into what we call today classical mechanics. The epistemology of early modern mechanics was split between technical experimentation and mathematical formalisation. ‘Mechanicism’, Cartesianism in primis, was a philosophical project to both preserve the theoretical and technical efficacy of this science and integrate it into a new world picture. In this historical context mechanical philosophy therefore played a double role. On the one hand it was part of a revolutionary event opening new frontiers for materialist thought. On the other hand, as a world picture, it originated a new ideological framework for metaphysical dualism. This thesis uses this historical and philosophical background to radically reconsider the political theory of Thomas Hobbes. During the 1640s Hobbes’s scientia civilis progressively incorporated the dualistic epistemology of Descartes’s mechanicism into materialist philosophy by privileging one of the two structural features of modern science: the tendency towards ‘deduction’ rather than experimentation. This philosophical gesture, simultaneously epistemological and ideological, had considerable political consequences. For this reason Hobbes’s political theory will be read as an ideological response to the non-geometrical and non-mechanical functioning of ‘matter’, including ‘human matter’, evidenced by the threatening experimental practices carried on during the first half of the seventeenth century in both the Galilean science of nature and the English Civil War. My wider hypothesis is that this profoundly idealistic agenda still informs our understanding of nature and of the body politic. It reduces the open method of science to the outdated metaphysical picture of it provided by Descartes, and suffocates politics itself by neutralising the emergence of political conflict and experimentation, labelling them as not only inessential but also dangerous to the body politic. On the contrary, philosophical materialism invites us to understand the self-organising tendency of matter as an undeniable risk implicit in the functioning of all systems, the social system included.

The rapid and radical integration of artificially intelligent (non)human beings into public and private life has reshaped humans' everyday interactions in varied spaces, from the medical examination room to the bedroom. I contend that it is humanity's charge to agitate an onto-epistemological shift toward a post-anthropocentric future grounded in existential equality between all beings. A shift toward better ways of being and knowing is accomplished through a new materialist and decolonial intervention in (non)human subjectivities which require that humans commit to: 1) divest from western-rational discourses binding agency and intimacy to the corporeal body and 2) (re)locate intimacy in the (in)corporeal communion of the soul and spirit to establish harmonious techno-human affinities. I submit Her and Ex Machina, science fiction films and cultural artifacts, as case studies depicting decolonial futures which create discursive space to interrogate western-rational onto-epistemologies, critique colonial hegemonies, and (re)define subjectivity to include all thinking, feeling beings.

En analysant les discours élaborés par les Lumières allemandes au sujet de La Mettrie entre 1739 et 1789, cette thèse vise à réévaluer la place du matérialisme au sein des échanges culturels franco-allemands de la période. La première partie précise les enjeux et les méthodes de l’étude : le scandale littéraire et philosophique doit être envisagé comme un révélateur des principes et des mécanismes de fonctionnement qui sous-tendent les productions de la République des Lettres. L’étude du scandale dans ce qu’il fait au texte est un prisme pertinent pour analyser le problème du matérialisme français, l’oeuvre de La Mettrie et le fonctionnement de l’espace qui la reçoit. La deuxième partie examine la réception initiale de la Mettrie en Allemagne entre 1739 et 1752. Elle mesure l’impact du scandale sur les textes, en montrant que l’oeuvre de La Mettrie est prise dans des débats qui rejaillissent de manière ambivalente sur son interprétation, allant jusqu’à entrainer de fausses lectures. La troisième partie s’intéresse à la réception ultérieure du médecin-philosophe français. Elle souligne la diversité des discours produits entre 1752 et 1789 : repoussoir, aiguillon, occasion de transfert oblique, voie de contestation et de redéfinition des Lumières, la référence à La Mettrie ne saurait être uniquement interprétée en termes d’influences ou d’absence d’influences. Ce parcours permet, in fine, de relire les débats entre philosophes et antiphilosophes français à l’aune de la réception allemande. Cette thèse souligne la richesse de la discussion menée entre France et Allemagne autour du matérialisme, reconsidère le rôle de La Mettrie et invite à redécouvrir une oeuvre méconnue. / In analyzing the discourses developed by the German Enlightenment on La Mettrie between 1739 and 1789, this thesis aims at re-evaluating the place of materialism in the Franco-German cultural exchanges of the period. The first part specifies the stakes and methods of the study: the literary and philosophical scandal must be considered as a revealing of the principles and operating mechanisms that underlie the productions of the Republic of Letters. The study of the scandal in what he does to the text is a pertinent prism to analyze the problem of French materialism, the work of La Mettrie and the functioning of the space that receives it. The second part examines the initial reception of the Mettrie in Germany between 1739 and 1752. It measures the impact of the scandal on the texts, showing that the work of La Mettrie is taken in debates that reflect in an ambivalent way on its interpretation, even leading to false readings. The third part is concerned with the later reception of the French physician-philosopher. It emphasizes the diversity of discourse produced between 1752 and 1789: a flicker, a sting, an oblique transfer opportunity, a way of contesting and redefining the Enlightenment, the reference to La Mettrie can not be solely interpreted in terms of influences or absence of influences. This course allows, in fine, to read differently the debates between French philosophers and antiphilosophers in the light of the German reception. This thesis underlines the richness of the discussion between France and Germany on materialism, reconsiders the role of La Mettrie and invites us to rediscover an unknown work.

The reemergence of artificial intelligence during the last 30 years has introduced severalforms of weak AI to our everyday lives, be it in our smartphones or how the weather ispredicted. Modern approaches to AI, using methods like neural networks and machinelearning, also feel confident about creating strong AI, intelligence that is human-like orsuperior to humans. In this thesis, I discover the philosophical premises of artificialintelligence, how the research program views the mind and what implications this has for theform of intelligence that is being constructed. Furthermore, I derive at several criteria thatneed to be met to qualify a system as intelligent. To cover this rather wide field, the works ofHubert Dreyfus, an early commentator on AI, and David Chalmers, one of the most widelyread philosophers of mind, are interrogated about their views on human intelligence and howsuch a theory relates to the possibility of intelligent machines.Key

Orientador: Newton Duarte / Banca: Marilda Gonçalves Dias Facci / Banca: Ligia Marcia Martins / Banca: Terezinha Martins dos Santos Souza / Banca: Jose Luis Vieira de Almeida / Resumo: O objeto desta pesquisa bibliográfica centra-se na relação entre a função social da educação e o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores, em especial, o pensamento. Considerando, por um lado, a importância desta temática desde os autores escolanovistas até os dias atuais, e, por outro lado, a pouca produção sobre o assunto a partir da obra de Leontiev, constituiu-se como o objetivo deste trabalho investigar as proposições acerca do desenvolvimento do pensamento nas obras de Dewey, Piaget e de defensores contemporâneos do aprender a aprender, como Perrenoud, Delval, Schön e Tardif, que mantém sua filiação filosófica ao pragmatismo e ao liberalismo; em contraposição à produção de Leontiev, cujo fundamento filosófico encontra-se no materialismo histórico dialético. A fim de atingir este objetivo, submeteu-se à prova cinco hipóteses: 1) as proposições teóricas que fundamentam o "aprender a aprender", concebendo o desenvolvimento do pensamento mediante a mínima apropriação dos conhecimentos científicos, não ultrapassa os estreitos limites do pensamento empírico; 2) a alienação que impera na sociedade de classe capitalista engendra oportunidades educacionais também de classe e nela, o ideário do "aprender a aprender" desponta como ferramenta ideológica para a formação da classe trabalhadora; 3) a teoria psicológica marxista de A. N. Leontiev encerra as possibilidades para a decodificação do pleno desenvolvimento humano na mesma medida em que evidencia os limites impostos pelo capitalismo a este desenvolvimento; 4) o ideário pedagógico hegemônico na atualidade - o "aprender a aprender" - pretere a análise radical da sociedade capitalista, bem como a análise do desenvolvimento do pensamento como síntese de múltiplas determinações; e, por fim, 5) parte dos autores brasileiros que defenderam... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this paper focuses on the relationship between the social function of education and development of higher psychological functions, in particular, the thought. Whereas the one hand, the importance of this topic since the authors escolanovistas until the present day, and, secondly, the low production on the subject from the work of Leontyev, is the objective of this work and investigate the the propositions on the development of thought in the works of Dewey, Piaget and Tardif, which keeps its membership to philosophical pragmatism and liberalism, as opposed to the production of Leontyev, whose philosophical foundation is in the historical dialectic materialism. To achieve this goal, it was tested five hypotheses: 1) the theoretical propositions underlying the "learning to learn" conceiving the development of thought through the minimum ownership of scientific knowledge does not go beyond the narrow confines of the development of empirical thinking; 2) the alienation that prevails in the high society engenders educational opportunities that are also high, the idea of "learning to learn" - emerge as ideological tool for the formation of the working class; 3) the theory of A. N. Leontiev, for its philosophical foundations, the possibilities for terminating the decoding of the full human development shows the same extent as the limits imposed by capitalism to this development; 4) the hegemonic ideology in the present - the "learning to learn-radical overlook the analysis of capitalist society and the analysis of the development of thought as a synthesis of multiple determinations, and, finally, 5) from the Brazilian authors who defend dissertations and theses in the Graduate Program in Education in the period from 1987 to 2004 and who announced support the theoretical yield of A. N. Leontyev overlooked the radicalism of his Marxist philosophical grounds, making... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor