The present thesis on bilingual education, with its foci on linguistic heterogeneity and language policy 'from below', covers the first 15 years in the officially multilingual new South Africa. The post-apartheid era has seen South Africa's pro-multilingual Constitution and the language-in-education policy for schools being sidelined in favour of an English-oriented mindset. The subversion of the policy's additive bi/multilingual intent in favour of a replacive 'English-as-target-language' approach indexes a collusion between the political class and the African-language speaking majority, and has been accompanied by systemic underachievement. While the linguistic market beyond school is not necessarily unified in its monolingual habitus, choices for the poor are constrained by a lack of alternatives. Within the implementational spaces afforded by the policy environment, groups such as Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa (PRAESA) have attempted to demonstrate an alternative approach that valorised mother-tongue-based bilingual education. These alternative education initiatives (1995-2009) form the substance of the five published pieces in the present portfolio, capped by the summative thesis. They were written while the author was still a member of PRAESA, and collectively address topics such as language policy initiatives 'from below', the role of surveys in gauging language behaviour and creating language awareness, a multilingual training of trainers programme for southern Africa, a bilingual teacher in-service programme foregrounding different teacher identities in relation to policy realisation, and a classification system for schools by language medium that factors in mother tongues while making allowance for linguistic heterogeneity. The thesis reflects critically on the prevailing monoglossic language ideology informing these studies, and suggests the need for a heteroglossic approach oriented to language as a resource.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze teachers approach to multilingual children's behavior in certain situations. I will also explore the educator’s attitude and approach toward the situation where children who are excluded by other peers, because of the peers use of divergent language. I choose qualitative interview as method, interviewing seven teachers working at pre-schools, with chosen choice I expect to gain insight into the teacher's reasoning behind their approach and strategy towards situations where children use other language than Swedish. The results shed light on several interesting factors that determined how the educator responded to the forth mentioned situation. The general perception at pre-schools is that multilingual children should be given space to use their native tongue, as this flourishes their language developments. We can also find basis for this when reading the official pre-school steering documents, the Swedish curriculum, Läroplanen. What this document lack though is presenting solutions how the educators can work constructively with the children. It's rather encouraged for each school to discuss their own methods and approaches as a team. My conclusion is that there is no blue print to follow for solving these situations, the educator's conduct and strategy is based on individual experience and situational. But a common thread that emerged in my research is that all educators expressed the importance to acknowledge all children and involve them in the activities regardless of language, it is the teacher’s duty to support and to be present as the children will need pedagogical support in this matter. Not to forget though, that teachers are frequently faced with situations where they have to decide whose rights to prioritize; the single child who ends up alone outside the peers group and lose his/her entitlement based on the norm "everyone should be involved" or the playing children who is doing nothing but employing their rights to speak in their mother language?

This study aims to gain a broader view, within the frame of a comparative international perspective, of the relationship and dilemmas between the theoretical visions of the curriculum and their applicability in practice by mother tongue teachers within the current organizational structures and given resources. The research uses a qualitative and comparative method and semi-structured interviews of ten mother tongue teachers, five Chinese Mandarin and five Spanish, teaching Compulsory School level 7 to 9 in Sweden. The interviews and dialogues with the teachers make it possible to see phenomenon from many different perspectives and build knowledge after the interpretation and exploration of their testimonies and experiences. The study is comparative and one can see that there are more similarities than differences among the interviewed Spanish and Chinese mother tongue teachers. Both groups defined MTE (Mothet Tongue Education) as essential in the lives of children and youths and mention aspects such as intellectual development, identity, and interculturalism linked to the labour market. Also the feeling of a sense of community with other cultures in the world would empower the students with a capacity for social relationships, tolerance, and understanding of different peoples. Thereafter I investigate if the mother tongue teachers find it difficult to interpret and implement the formulations of the SNAE (Swedish National Agency for Education) curriculum and the policies that govern their specific role in the school system. It also implies identifying some of the external, contextual factors that can affect the effective application of the curriculum. Concerning the curricular aspects, the conclusion is that many of the visions described in the texts are not compatible with the situation of mother tongue teaching or to the reality of the students. Organizational factors, incomprehension and lack of platform-based research affect negatively the ambitions of effective and equitable MTE in Sweden. In addition, these teachers are also preoccupied with the future of MTE in Sweden. The political discourse would appear to be driving Europe towards right-wing political ideas in which MTE would not be a priority.

This diploma thesis deals with the use of the TPR method (Total Physical Response) where the principle is a student who does not speak, only reacts nonverbally to verbal instructions given by a teacher e.g. by moving, drawing, colouring. This method is based on a similarity with learning the mother tongue. The work is divided into a theoretical part consisting of the theoretical background of the given method and the comparison with the process of learning the mother tongue, and a practical part which contains a research survey about the knowledge of using the TPR method at a particular primary school, it also contains general typology of TPR activities and specific examples and an analysis to each type of an activity.

120 f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-30T12:28:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Antonio Santos.pdf: 465280 bytes, checksum: 32bb052f29e8191c70a08c0990823848 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes(silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-06-10T16:55:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Antonio Santos.pdf: 465280 bytes, checksum: 32bb052f29e8191c70a08c0990823848 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-10T16:55:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Antonio Santos.pdf: 465280 bytes, checksum: 32bb052f29e8191c70a08c0990823848 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / A presente pesquisa aborda a identidade cultural do educando nas atividades orais da escola do Ensino Fundamental. Busca-se, através de um processo analítico e crítico de reflexão, verificar os motivos que levaram (e ainda levam) a uma subutilização da oralidade em sala de aula, fato este que afeta negativamente o ensino da língua materna. A pesquisa revelou, ainda, que tanto no campo científico (dos estudos linguísticos) quanto no campo legal (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação) existem subsídios mais do que suficientes para a defesa de uma pedagogia linguística que considere a oralidade como princípio e fim; sem que se esqueça a relevância do aprendizado da escrita numa perspectiva de ampliação do capital cultural do educando. A fala dos indivíduos não é mera transmissão de informação, mas uma forma de constituição da subjetividade, da cognição, uma forma de ação. As diferentes formas de discurso existem tanto para melhorar a eficácia comunicativa, quanto para marcar a identidade. É assim que trabalhar com variação linguística é o mesmo que trabalhar com identidade, e vice-versa. / Salvador

This dissertation deals with the relationship that exists between literacy and textual genres, seeks to identify factors arising literacy teaching practices with genres of discourse. It begins with an ethnographic research whose corpus analysis consists of textual productions taken throughout a practice with native ongoing pilot, within the project entitled Autonomy on the production of texts in different contexts of educations , under the coordination and guidance of Prof. Dr. Rita Maria Diniz Zozzoli. The observation and study that triggered the writing of this work lasted seven months. These ideas have been discussed by various authors, which are: Tfouni (2004), Ali & Rameh (ed., 2006), dealing with the link between literacy and alphabetization ; Bazerman (2006), Bakhtin (2000: 279 - 287), Adam (2008), which speak of the text types / genres. Even with many factors of literacy elicited during data analysis, all equally important, some stemming from the methodology used in the classroom, others coming from the students' own attitudes, what we observe is that repetition is the foundation of experience teaching and learning, for every speech act uses the language, while solving linguistic-discursive problems, the student structure their actions in terms of something given a priori, the language. / A presente dissertação trata da relação que há entre letramento e gêneros discursivos; busca identificar fatores de letramento advindos de práticas pedagógicas com gêneros do discurso. Parte de uma pesquisa etnográfica cujo corpus de análise se compõe de produções textuais colhidas durante toda uma prática com língua materna em curso de leitura e produção de textos, numa perspectiva de pesquisa-ação, dentro do projeto intitulado Autonomia relativa na produção de textos em diferentes contextos de ensino , sob a coordenação e orientação da Profª Dra. Rita Zozzoli. A observação e estudo que deu ensejo à escritura deste trabalho durou sete meses (de maio a novembro de 2008). Foram abordadas posições teóricas presentes em diversos autores, como: Tfouni (2004), Rameh & Araújo (org., 2006), que tratam da ligação entre letramento e alfabetização; Bazerman (2006), Bakhtin (2000), Adam (2008), os quais falam dos gêneros textuais/gêneros discursivos. Mesmo com vários fatores de letramento abordados durante a análise de dados, todos igualmente importantes, alguns com origem na metodologia utilizada em sala de aula, outros advindos das próprias atitudes dos alunos, o que observamos foi que o princípio dialógico, e mais especificamente a atitude responsiva ativa são a base sólida da experiência de ensino-aprendizagem, pois todo ato discursivo recorre à língua; enquanto resolve problemas lingüístico-discursivos, o aprendiz estrutura suas ações em termos de algo dado a priori, ao passo em que tem em vista uma possível resposta como norteada pela sua ação.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce the concept of cross-language mediation, which is well established in some countries abroad but is not widely used in the Czech environment, from various points of view. The work tries to show that cross-language mediation is an engaging, effective and interesting activity preparing the learners for real-life mediating situations employing both mother tongue and English. The work is enriching for its battery of mediation activities designed for the Czech context, mediation assessment criteria and a survey among Czech and foreign teachers summarizing their attitude towards mediation and its role in EFL lessons. KEYWORDS: cross-language mediation, translation, mother tongue in EFL teaching

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-12-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:03:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_saf_dr_assis.pdf: 611190 bytes, checksum: 4bd82b9de9e54ccdb4eee1c8eb64bee0 (MD5) / Ancorada em contribuições de diferentes correntes da lingüística moderna, esta investigação teve por objetivo verificar como ocorriam as aulas de língua materna do professor iniciante, visando a subsidiar o seu fazer pedagógico, bem como levá-lo a refletir sobre sua própria prática. Considerando a natureza do objeto, optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de uma pesquisa-ação e com o auxílio de alguns procedimentos pertinentes ao estudo de caso. O primeiro item analisado foi sobre a formação profissional dos sujeitos da pesquisa, oportunidade em que se pode constatar, por meio de seus relatos, que elas sentiam inseguranças e medo, no que se refere ao seu fazer pedagógico, em decorrência das lacunas da graduação. Em seguida, por meio de relatórios das professoras, analisou-se suas concepções de linguagem e de ensino de língua materna, oportunidade que se pode observar que, no início da investigação, algumas demonstraram uma forte tendência a desenvolver um ensino tradicional apegadas ao ensino de gramática nos moldes tradicionais; outras, no entanto, desde o início, já se apresentaram acessíveis a desenvolver um ensino de língua materna mais inovador. No decorrer da pesquisa-ação, constatou-se um movimento gradativo na formação e na ação dessas professoras: se no início, elas se mostravam inseguras, muito presas ao livro didático e apresentando poucos trabalhos com o texto em sala de aula... / Anchored in the contributions provided by modern linguistic trend, this investigation had as a veryfiing how de classes og mother thongue beginnig teacher take place, aiming to support their pedagogical pratice, as well as make them find their way to reflect their own practice.Concerning the nature of the object, we chose the qualitative research, developed by means of a research-acion and with the help of some of the procedure concerning the case study. As for the data coletinf, different techniques were adopted, such as the direct observation (systematic and participant), the applying of questionnaires and the accomplishment of fortnightly meetings with the subjects of the research - four beginning teachers. The first analysed item was about the subjects of the research, opportunity in which could veify, through their narratives, that felt insecurities end fears, concerning their pedagogical practice, due to the graduation insuffices. Afterwards, by means of the recordings of the teachers, we have analysed their language and mother tongue teaching concepts, when we could notice that, at the investigation, some showed a strong tendency to develop a tradicional teaching, attached as they were to the grammar teaching in the traditional frame; others, however, since the beginning, have presented accessibility to develop a more interactive approach to mother tongue teaching though the research-action, though. Meanwhilw the research-action, we verified a gradual movement in the formative aspect of these teachers action; if, at the beginning, they showed insecurity... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:39:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6797.pdf: 1758207 bytes, checksum: ad7187b21adf5fc20711300c721ce3a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / This dissertation falls within the research area of School Education: Pedagogical Theories and Practices. Its central theme is the concept of literacy within the initial learning of the mother tongue of schoolchildren. The origin of the dissertation is the results of previous research which conducted a survey of the occurrence of the concept of literacy. That particular study identified that the theoretical approaches used to support the concept of literacy were stable, with no major variations, and that they were encapsulated in the dichotomised view of the initial learning of the mother tongue and literacy. From that starting point, this MA dissertation set out to research the theoretical foundations of literacy used in PhD theses that have studied the process of learning the mother tongue, and to check if there has been progress in relation to the theoretical bases of those theses. Our hypothesis was that we would find in these theses greater reflection and new perspectives on the topic, which would go beyond the dichotomous view of the initial learning of the mother tongue and literacy. Consequently, this dissertation is characterised as a meta-search, which aimed to identify the theoretical foundations of literacy concepts, and to verify possible advances in academic discussions on this topic, within the PhD theses completed in 2002 2013, and which were available in the database of the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. For our analysis we used a theoretical framework based on studies on the subject by Geraldi, Kleiman, Tfouni, Soares, Ferreiro, Bakhtin, Freire and others. Our methodological approach was inspired by the perspective of content analysis, with the work of Laurence Bardin as a theoretical reference, since we chose to perform a study that categorised by data, developing a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results point to the existence of academic research at the doctoral level involving the theme, and indicate a possible stabilisation of the theoretical bases of the initial learning of the mother tongue and literacy, indicating the dichotomy between both topics, as well as evidence of advances in relation to the idealist and humanist conception of literacy. / A presente dissertação insere-se na linha de pesquisa Educação Escolar: Teorias e Práticas Pedagógicas tendo como tema central de estudo o conceito de letramento inserido no processo de alfabetização de crianças em idade escolar. Tendo sua origem nos resultados obtidos em pesquisa anterior em que realizamos um levantamento sobre as ocorrências do conceito de letramento, identificamos que as abordagens teóricas utilizadas para embasar o conceito de letramento se mostraram estáveis sem grandes variações, sendo pautadas na visão dicotomizada da alfabetização e do letramento. A partir daí propusemos pesquisar no mestrado as bases teóricas do letramento utilizadas nas teses que estudaram o processo de aprendizado da língua materna e verificar se há avanços em relação às bases teóricas das dissertações. Nossa hipótese era que encontraríamos nas teses maiores reflexões e novos olhares sobre a temática indo além da visão dicotomizada da alfabetização e do letramento. Sendo assim, nossa dissertação caracteriza-se como meta-pesquisa, tendo como objetivo identificar nas teses defendidas entre os anos de 2002 a 2013 e disponibilizadas no banco de dados da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, as bases teóricas das concepções de letramento verificando eventuais avanços nas discussões acadêmicas sobre essa temática. Para nossas análises nos respaldamos referencial teórico que tem apresentado estudos sobre a temática tais como Geraldi, Kleiman, Tfouni, Soares, Ferreiro, Bakhtin, Freire entre outros. Nossa opção metodológica foi inspirada na perspectiva da análise de conteúdo tendo como referência teórica Laurence Bardin, uma vez que optamos pela realização de um estudo categorizado dos dados elaborando uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa. Os resultados apontam para a existência de pesquisas acadêmicas em nível de doutorado envolvendo a temática e indicam uma possível estabilização das bases teóricas na seara da alfabetização e do letramento tendo como olhar a dicotomia entre ambos com indícios de avanços para a concepção idealista e humanista do letramento.

Submitted by Marina Totina de Almeida Lara null (m.almeidalara@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-02T14:21:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_defesa_Marina Lara.pdf: 4921793 bytes, checksum: 0285f7af5a9b6f77ff40c82a7f8da3c6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Maria Rodrigues null (milena@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-03-05T18:07:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lara_mta_me_arafcl.pdf: 4921793 bytes, checksum: 0285f7af5a9b6f77ff40c82a7f8da3c6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-05T18:07:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lara_mta_me_arafcl.pdf: 4921793 bytes, checksum: 0285f7af5a9b6f77ff40c82a7f8da3c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Os avanços tecnológicos observados na contemporaneidade modificaram as formas de interação, produção, configuração e interpretação de enunciados. Essas modificações atingem diferentes campos de atividade, como o didático-pedagógico, que, hoje, possui fronteiras além do espaço físico escolar. Neste cenário, esta pesquisa de mestrado coloca em foco “novas” modalidades de ensino/aprendizagem praticadas na internet, nas quais estão presentes gêneros discursivos incomuns na esfera didático-pedagógica. O corpus selecionado são posts com fins didáticos do blog do Cursinho Pré-Vestibular Descomplica. A análise é centralizada na presença de gêneros que produzem humor – em especial, o meme – nestas práticas de ensino/aprendizagem. Interessa-nos a presença do humor como recurso didático nas relações de ensino e as modificações possíveis desta presença pensando em um histórico sobre as relações em ambientes de ensino/aprendizagem. Neste contexto, outras discussões foram suscitadas, como o próprio entendimento do meme como gênero do discurso, como memórias discursivas do espaço escolar, da imagem de aluno e de professor e o “uso” de gêneros do discurso no ensino de língua materna. O que pôde ser percebido, por meio das análises, é que os materiais disponíveis e suas respectivas formas de apresentação dialogam com o que temos tido, nas últimas décadas, nas salas de aula dos cursinhos presenciais do país: docentes que utilizam piadas e outros recursos humorísticos em seus discursos. No blog esse discurso humorístico toma novos formatos, comuns em outros ambientes na internet, como os memes, que fazem referência direta ao universo dos jovens na atualidade. É por meio, a princípio, do meme – entre outros gêneros que produzem humor, como as gifs¬ – que se dá voz ao professor nestes enunciados na rede. As análises apontam, ainda, para sentidos ambivalentes produzidos pelo humor nas relações de ensino. Este trabalho tem como base teórico-metodológica escritos do Círculo de Bakhtin e seus desdobramentos na Análise Dialógica do Discurso, em especial estudos sobre gêneros do discurso, enunciados verbo-visuais e as relações entre humor e discurso. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e a metodologia compreende o cotejamento de textos. / The technological advances observed in contemporaneity modified the ways of interaction, production, configuration and interpretation of utterances. These modifications reach different activity fields, like the didactic-pedagogical, which has boundaries beyond the physical school space. In this scenario, this research focuses on “new” modalities of teaching/learning practiced on the internet, in which are present discourse genres that are uncommon in the didactic-pedagogical sphere. The selected corpus are didactical posts from the vestibular preparation course Descomplica. The analysis is centered on the presence of humor generating genres, especially the meme, in these teaching/learning practices. It is of our interest the presence of humor as a didactical resource in the teaching relations and possible modifications of this presence when we think about the history of the relations in teaching/learning environments. In this context, other discussions were raised, like the own understanding of meme as a discourse genre; the discursive memory of school space, student and teacher; and the “use” of discourse genres in mother tongue teaching. What could be perceived, through the analysis, is that available resources, and their respective ways of presentation, dialogue with what we had, in the last few decades, in the face-to-face vestibular preparation courses in Brazil: teachers who use jokes and other humor resources in their discourse. In the blog, this humor discourse takes new formats, common in other environments in the internet, like memes, which make direct reference to the universe of contemporary youth. It is through, primarily, the meme (among other humor genres, as gifs) that it is given voice to the teacher in these online utterances. The analysis point to ambivalent senses produced by humor in teaching relations. This work has as theoretical and methodological base the production of Bakhtin Circle and its deployments in Dialogical Discourse Analysis, especially the studies about discourse genre, verb-visual utterances, and the relations between humor and discourse. This research is of qualitative nature and the adopted methodology consists on text collation.