Submitted by Simone Souza (simonecgsouza@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-25T13:35:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Vanessa Alvarenga Pegoraro.pdf: 1921327 bytes, checksum: dcf3ca8d3afb38e3634a7d5402c157e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-09-26T14:29:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Vanessa Alvarenga Pegoraro.pdf: 1921327 bytes, checksum: dcf3ca8d3afb38e3634a7d5402c157e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-26T14:29:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Vanessa Alvarenga Pegoraro.pdf: 1921327 bytes, checksum: dcf3ca8d3afb38e3634a7d5402c157e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-18 / Introdução: Independente da administração continua ou intermitente, nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI)geralmente o paciente recebe as suas necessidades nutricionais calculadas para a terapia nutricional enteral (TNE) em volume inferior ao programado, comprometendo sua recuperação. Assim, a interrupção programada da TNE em turno de realização das atividades de rotina diária dessas unidades, pode contribuir para diminuir este déficit. Objetivos:Avaliar em que período, diurno ou noturno, a interrupção na administração da terapia nutricional enteral no paciente crítico é mais eficaz para garantir as necessidades calculadas. Métodos:Estudo clínico, prospectivo, randomizado de abordagem quantitativa, em pacientes críticos internados em uma UTI Geral. Foram incluídos pacientes com idade maior que 18 anos, em uso de TNE exclusiva, observados nos primeiros cinco dias de dieta. Os pacientes no ato da indicação da TNE foram randomizados em dois grupos: Grupo I (18 horas de infusão de TNE – interrupção de 6h no período de 8h as 14h), e Grupo II (18 horas de infusão de TNE - com interrupção de 6h no período de 2h as 8h). Foram comparadas entre os grupos as seguintes variáveis: sexo, idade, Apache II, ASG, peso, necessidades calóricas, proteicas, volumes de dieta prescritos e infundidos. As variáveis quantitativas foram representadas por médias e desvio padrão. A normalidade dos dados pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e sua homogeneidade pelo teste de Levene. A análise de dados foi realizada através do teste de análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste Post Hoc de Tukey. Para variáveis categóricas, o teste de qui-quadrado de Mantel-Haenszel ou Teste Exato de Fisher. Foi utilizado o programa SPSS versão 18.0 (α= 5%). Resultados: Os dados demográficos avaliados foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. A avaliação de gravidade usando o APACHE II evidenciou grupos semelhantes (p=0,168). Na avaliação nutricional pela ASG, nenhum paciente dos dois grupos foi ASG- A, ASG-B 66,7% no grupo I e 86,7 % no grupo II, ASG-C 33,3 % e 13,3%, respectivamente, no grupos I e II (p=0,389). Peso médio idênticos em ambos os grupos (p=0,978). Comparando o volume infundido >60 % entre os grupos, no grupo I a infusão de dieta foi de 66,7 % versus 53,3%, no grupo II (p=0,463). E quanto ao alcance das metas de NC até o 3º dia de infusão, o grupo I obteve 13,3 % comparado ao grupo II com 6,7 % (p=0,549). E o alcance da NP no mesmo período, foi no grupo I comparado ao grupo II (20,0% versus 6,7%, p=0,290). Conclusão: Baseado nos resultados, podemos concluir que as necessidades de terapia nutricional enteral calculadas no paciente crítico são atingidas de forma semelhante tanto para interrupção diurna quanto noturna. / Introduction: Regardless of continuous or intermittent administration in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients usually receive their nutritional requirements calculated for enteral nutrition therapy (ENT) in less than planned volume, hindering their recovery. Thus, the interruption of scheduled shift ENT in performing daily routine activities of these units can contribute to reduce this deficit. Objectives: To assess the period, day or night, the interruption in the administration of enteral nutritional therapy in critically ill patients is more effective to ensure the calculated requirements. Methods: clinical, prospective , randomized study of quantitative approach in critically ill patients hospitalized to a general ICU . Patients over 18 years old were included in the exclusive use of ENT, observed in the first five days of diet. Patients in the act of nomination of ENT were randomized into two groups: Group I (18 hours ENT infusion – break of 6 hours in the period of 8 a.m. to 2 p.m.) and Group II (18 hours ENT infusion - break of 6 hours in the period of 2 a.m. to 8 a.m.). Among the groups the following variables were compared: sex, age, Apache II, ASG, weight, calorie needs, protein, diet prescribed volumes and infused. The quantitative variables were represented by medium-sized and standard deviation. The normality of the data by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and its homogeneity by Levene's test. Data analysis was performed by testing analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test Post Hoc. For categorical variables, the Chi-square test of Mantel-Haenszel or Fisher's Exact Test. We used the program SPSS version 18.0 (α = 5%). Results: the demographics data assessed were similar between the two groups. The assessment of severity using APACHE II showed similar groups (p = 0.168). In nutritional evaluation by ASG, none of the patients of both groups was ASG-A, ASG-B, 66.7% in Group I and 86.7% in Group II, ASG-C 33.3% and 13.3%, respectively, in groups I and II (p = 0.389). There were average weight identical in both groups (p = 0.978). Comparing the volume infused > 60% between the groups, in the Group I the infusion of diet was 66.7% versus 53.3% in Group II (p = 0.463). And, as for achieving the goals of NC until the 3rd day of infusion, group I obtained 13.3% compared with 6.7% in Group II (p = 0.549). And, the achieving of the NP in the same period, was in Group I compared to group II (20.0% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.290). Conclusion: Based on the results, we can conclude that the needs of enteral nutrition therapy calculated in critical patient are affected in a similar manner for both daytime and nighttime interruption.

Titel: Individuella skillnader i sensoriska behov: “Need for Scent”, “Need for Sound” och “Need for Vision” skalor. Ett bidrag till ämnets teoriutveckling.   Nivå: C-uppsats, examensarbete i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Emma Ekholm och Alexandra von Schreeb Handledare: Jonas Kågström Datum: 2017- maj                                                      Syfte: Avsikten med vår undersökning är att bidra till teoriutveckling inom ämnet sinnesmarknadsföring. Syftet med undersökningen är att analysera om och i så fall hur “Need for Touch” skalan går att omsättas till andra sinnen och användas inom multisensorisk marknadsföring.                                                                                                                        Metod: I denna studie har en kvantitativ studie utförts där 158 enkätsvar samlades in via en webbaserad undersökning där skalorna testades på respondenterna. Enkätsvaren analyserades i analysprogrammet SPSS där faktoranalys, klusteranalys och korrelationsanalys genomfördes. Resultat & Analys: Studien visade att sex faktorer kunde bildas varav faktor ett och två kunde bilda två stycken självständiga skalor, behov av doft (“Need for Scent”) och behov av ljud (“Need for Sound”), medan faktor tre, fyra och fem visar en tredimensionell skala, behov av syn (“Need for vision”). Fyra stycken kluster bildades även där vi fick fram ett kluster som uppvisar mycket högsensoriska beteenden och ett kluster som uppvisar mycket lågsensoriska beteenden.                                                                                             Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Då vi har konstaterat att sinnena doft, ljud och syn bildat självständiga skalor kan fortsatt forskning använda skalorna i konsumentforskning. Fortsatt forskning kan även studera varje kluster på ett djupare plan genom kvalitativa intervjuer. Vidare vore det även intressant att se om våra skalor går att omsätta till sinnet smak, någonting som inte har studerats tidigare. Uppsatsens bidrag: Undersökningen har bidragit till att utveckla den teoretiska grunden inom ämnet sinnesmarknadsföring och genom att vi har utökat Peck och Childers (2013) skala om behov av beröring till tre stycken nya fungerande skalor har vi belyst att det faktiskt är möjligt att använda sig av skalor för doft, ljud och syn för att mäta konsumenters individuella behov av doft, ljud och syn gällande produktutvärdering. / Title: Individual differences in sensory needs, “Need for Scent”, “Need for Sound” and “Need for Vision” scales: a contribution to theory development, in the subject of sensory marketing.  Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degrees in Business Administration Author: Emma Ekholm and Alexandra von Schreeb Supervisor: Jonas Kågström Date: 2017 - May Aim: The purpose of our study is to contribute to the field of theory development, in the subject of sensory marketing. The aim of the survey is to analyze how the Need for Touch scale can be converted into other senses, and to be used in multisensory marketing. Method: In this study, a quantitative study was performed and 158 questionnaires were collected from a web-based survey where the scales were tested on the respondents. We analyzed our collected data in the statistical program SPSS and a factor analysis, cluster analysis and a correlation analysis were conducted. Result & Analysis: This study present six different factors from the factor analysis, of which factor one and two made two independent scales, “Need for Scent” and “Need for Sound”. Factor three, four and five all includes vision, and developed a three-dimensional scale “Need for Vision”. This study also present four clusters, where we developed one cluster that exhibited very high-sensory behaviors and a second cluster that exhibited very low-sensory behaviors. Suggestions for future research: Since we found that the senses smell, sound and vision could be formed into three independent scales, future research could use the scales on consumer research. Future research could also study each cluster individually on a deeper level with qualitative interviews. Furthermore, it would be interesting to examine if our scales could be transformed into the sense of taste. Which has not yet been studied. Contribution of the thesis:  The study has contributed to develop the theoretical foundation in the subject of sensory marketing, and by expanding Peck and Childers (2013) “Need for Touch” scale to three new functional scales. We highlighted how it is possible to use scales for scent, sound and vision to measure consumers individual need for scent, sound and vision in regarding product evaluation.

This thesis explains important facts concerning financial products for solutions of housing need from three points of view, which influent each other -- from the point of view of client, bank and state. In the thesis, there is noted, what shall be understood under the solution of housing need, and what are the products which have been used for housing financing. Accent is put on possible use of different forms of state support and its influence on the state budget. The most of financial products for the solution of housing need have character of credit, therefore part of the thesis is touching credit risk and is clearing running of credit process.

This thesis The system of material need benefits as an instrument of protection against poverty in the Czech Republic deals with the relationship between poverty and social benefits. The subject of research is to analyze the impact of system material need benefits to deals problem of poverty. The theoretical basis for thesis is the concept of social exclusion and redistributive discourse. The theoretical part of the thesis analyzed the different concepts and identified tools of social policy in the fight against poverty. Closer is characterized by social protection and help system in the Czech Republic. The practical part of the thesis, realized through research studies and interviews with experts, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of material need benefits and suggestions for improvement. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Master of Science / Department of Journalism and Mass Communications / Curtis Matthews / Integrated marketing communications strategies are being utilized more and more by practitioners who wish to reach their audiences in different ways at different times. However, the omnipresence that results from these multi-channel campaigns presents a new challenge for marketers, as their message and channel sequences may or may not be experienced in the order intended. Past literature has shown that both message order and channel sequence do matter. However, existing literature has not examined intended message sequences where the first channel “teases” the more comprehensive information available in the second channel. Therefore, the aim of this study was to bridge some of the gaps in past research by exploring message content order effects and channel sequence effects across intentional sequences for both high- and low-involvement product categories through the lens of the Elaboration Likelihood Model. A 2 (message content order: tease-to-answer versus answer-to-tease) by 2 (medium sequence: print-to-online versus online-to-print) by 2 (product involvement: high- versus low-involvement) mixed factorial experimental design was conducted to explore how message content order, channel sequence, and product involvement level affected evaluations of brand and message, as well as perceived behavioral intent. The findings indicated that message content order had significant influence over brand and message evaluation, with the tease-to-answer order producing the highest evaluations of brand and message. The findings also indicated that the online-to-print sequence was only effective for increasing behavioral intent under high-involvement conditions. Implications for marketing practitioners and future research are discussed.

While there have been numerous studies directed at addressing the female Generation Y cohort’s fashion consumption patterns, there is a dearth of published research focused on male consumer fashion conscious behaviour, especially not that of the African Generation Y (hereafter referred to as black Generation Y) males. There are global indications that contemporary males are engaging in fashion apparel shopping more frequently than ever before. Moreover, unlike past generations, today’s male consumers have become increasingly fashion aware and fashion conscious, taking care of their looks and developing their own fashion style. Born between 1986 and 2005, in 2013, black Generation Y individuals made up approximately 83 percent of South Africa’s total Generation Y cohort and 38 percent of the country’s 52 981 991 population. In 2013, black Generation Y males accounted for an estimated 42 percent of the South African population. As a consequence of its size, the black Generation Y male market segment represents a potentially lucrative and attractive market for apparel retailers and fashion marketers. Marketers are particularly interested in those individuals pursuing tertiary qualifications given that a higher education ultimately acts as a predictor of their higher future spending potential and an indication of their social standing and influence within a society. The aim of this study was to determine the causal relationships between black Generation Y male students’ need for uniqueness, fashion awareness, fashion consciousness and fashion conscious behaviour in order to model the determinants of black Generation Y male students fashion conscious behaviour. A self-administered questionnaire was administered on a single cross-sectional sample of 400 black Generation Y male students at three university campuses in the Gauteng province in 2013 – one from a comprehensive university, one from a university of technology and one from a traditional university. From the administered questionnaires, 213 were completed and returned as usable. The collected data was analysed by means of exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. In addition, structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test a proposed model derived from the literature. According to the results of the SEM analysis, black Generation Y males’ fashion awareness has a significant positive influence on their fashion consciousness, and their fashion consciousness has a significant positive influence on their fashion conscious behaviour. In terms of the dimensions of the need for uniqueness, unpopular choice has a significant positive influence on black Generation Y male students’ fashion awareness, whilst creative choice has a significant positive influence on their fashion consciousness, and avoidance of similarity has a direct significant positive influence on their fashion conscious behaviour. Furthermore, the findings suggest that their fashion consciousness is reliant on their fashion awareness, which in turn influences their fashion conscious behaviour. Findings from this study will aid marketers’ in better understanding black Generation Y male students’ fashion conscious behaviour. Furthermore, the recommendations provided suggest marketing strategy guidelines tailored at effectively targeting this market segment. / PhD (Marketing Management)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2015

While there have been numerous studies directed at addressing the female Generation Y cohort’s fashion consumption patterns, there is a dearth of published research focused on male consumer fashion conscious behaviour, especially not that of the African Generation Y (hereafter referred to as black Generation Y) males. There are global indications that contemporary males are engaging in fashion apparel shopping more frequently than ever before. Moreover, unlike past generations, today’s male consumers have become increasingly fashion aware and fashion conscious, taking care of their looks and developing their own fashion style. Born between 1986 and 2005, in 2013, black Generation Y individuals made up approximately 83 percent of South Africa’s total Generation Y cohort and 38 percent of the country’s 52 981 991 population. In 2013, black Generation Y males accounted for an estimated 42 percent of the South African population. As a consequence of its size, the black Generation Y male market segment represents a potentially lucrative and attractive market for apparel retailers and fashion marketers. Marketers are particularly interested in those individuals pursuing tertiary qualifications given that a higher education ultimately acts as a predictor of their higher future spending potential and an indication of their social standing and influence within a society. The aim of this study was to determine the causal relationships between black Generation Y male students’ need for uniqueness, fashion awareness, fashion consciousness and fashion conscious behaviour in order to model the determinants of black Generation Y male students fashion conscious behaviour. A self-administered questionnaire was administered on a single cross-sectional sample of 400 black Generation Y male students at three university campuses in the Gauteng province in 2013 – one from a comprehensive university, one from a university of technology and one from a traditional university. From the administered questionnaires, 213 were completed and returned as usable. The collected data was analysed by means of exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. In addition, structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test a proposed model derived from the literature. According to the results of the SEM analysis, black Generation Y males’ fashion awareness has a significant positive influence on their fashion consciousness, and their fashion consciousness has a significant positive influence on their fashion conscious behaviour. In terms of the dimensions of the need for uniqueness, unpopular choice has a significant positive influence on black Generation Y male students’ fashion awareness, whilst creative choice has a significant positive influence on their fashion consciousness, and avoidance of similarity has a direct significant positive influence on their fashion conscious behaviour. Furthermore, the findings suggest that their fashion consciousness is reliant on their fashion awareness, which in turn influences their fashion conscious behaviour. Findings from this study will aid marketers’ in better understanding black Generation Y male students’ fashion conscious behaviour. Furthermore, the recommendations provided suggest marketing strategy guidelines tailored at effectively targeting this market segment. / PhD (Marketing Management)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2015

Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Human Settlements in partnership with the National Department of Human Settlements has launched a new integrated system known as the Housing Needs Register (HNR) to manage potential housing beneficiaries. This study was aimed at refining the integrated system in terms of providing guidelines and processes in the allocation of affordable houses. A total of 88 878 records captured on the HNR were profiled, and the results show that in approximately 86% of the records, family factors and better economic circumstances were given as the main motivation towards a desire to own a house in a particular area of residence. These findings emphasized the importance of understanding beneficiaries’ needs with regard to housing. Providing guidelines in the application of this knowledge in a fair and consistent manner could assist in curtailing the spread of informal selling or demolishing of state subsidized houses and other forms of corruption. / Public Health / M.A. (Public Health)

Darbo tikslas. Nustatyti ir įvertinti vyresniųjų klasių (IX-XII) mokinių žinias bei požiūrį į profesionaliosios burnos higienos paslaugas. Tyrimo metodika. Atlikta anoniminė anketinė mokinių apklausa keturiose Kauno miesto mokyklose, pasirinktose atsitiktinės atrankos būdu. Išdalinta 400 anketų. Anketas užpildė ir grąžino 373 respondentai (atsako dažnis 93,25 proc.). Kiekybinė duomenų analizė buvo atliekama naudojant SPSS 17.0 versijos statistinį paketą. Rezultatai. Mokiniai dantis valo du kartus per dieną (73,7 proc.). Merginos dažniau nei vaikinai valo dantis, naudoja tarpdančių siūlą, liežuvio granduką bei becukrę kramtomąją gumą. Dauguma (77,5 proc.) mano, jog dantų akmenys sukelia ėduonį, tik 38,3 proc. pritaria, kad sveikiems dantims ir dantenoms reikalinga dantų pasta su fluoru. Merginos statistiškai reikšmingai dažniau nei vaikinai galvoja, kad profesionalios burnos higienos procedūros, specialūs burnos priežiūros kabinetai ir pamokos apie burnos sveikatą yra reikalingos. Trečdalis (30,8 proc.) mokinių nežino, kur turėtų kreiptis dėl profesionalios burnos higienos procedūros. Daugumai mokinių (82,6 proc.) informacijos apie burnos ertmės priežiūrą suteikia odontologas/burnos higienistas, 44,0 proc. tėvai, 10,2 proc. mokyklos sveikatos priežiūros specialistas, 9,7 proc. mokytojai. Daugiau nei pusė (59,8 proc.) respondentų naudojasi profesionalios burnos higienos procedūromis, gimnazijų dažniau nei vidurių mokiniai. Dažniausia profesionalios burnos higienos procedūrų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study. Identify and evaluate the senior classes (IX-XII) students' knowledge and attitudes to oral hygiene and professional services. Methods. An anonymous survey of students in four schools in Kaunas was conducted and selected at random. Distributed 400 questionnaires. Questionnaires filled in and returned by 373 respondents (response rate 93.25 %). Quantitative data analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0 statistical package. Results. Students clean their teeth twice a day (73.7 %). Girls clean their teeth more frequently than boys, using dental floss, tongue cleaner and chewing gum. The majority (77.5 %) believes that dental caries is caused by calculi, only 38.3 % supports a toothpaste with fluoride is necessary to mantain healthy teeth and gums. Girls significantly more often than boys, think that professional oral hygiene procedures, special oral care classrooms and lessons on oral health are needed. One-third (30.8 %) students don't know where to apply for professional oral hygiene procedures. Information about oral health care for most students is provided by dentist or dental hygienist (82.6 %), parents 44.0 %, School Health Specialist - 10.2 %, teachers - 9.7 %.. More than half (59.8 %) respondents use professional oral hygiene procedures, gymnasium students more than high school students. Reasons for refusal among students of the most frequent professional oral hygiene procedures is a high price (36.5 %). It was claimed more by high school rather... [to full text]

Currently our world consumes the equivalent of 1.6 earths per year. Although the production has become resource-efficient by using fewer natural resources to produce one dollar of GDP, per-capita consumption in the US firmly increases. Individuals consume an ever-increasing quantity of goods and services which inevitably leads to environmental damages in terms of pollution, deforestation, climate change and psychological disorders such as reduced wellbeing, unhappiness, and anxiety. Past research has suggested that embracing sustainable consumption - where consumption of products and services have minimal impact on the environment, and improvement in society's wellbeing-might mitigate the detrimental effects of over-consumption. Increasingly studies in this stream propose that adopting a psychological approach, specifically by enhancing individuals' inherent capability known as mindfulness may aid in boosting sustainable consumption behaviors. However, only few studies have investigated the decision-making processes associated with mindfulness that could show a detailed picture of how mindfulness - receptive attention to and present moment awareness is positively associated with sustainable consumption behaviors. Conceptual model for this study was built based on mindfulness-related mechanisms, namely re-perceiving, systematic processing, and ability to overcome need for fulfillment. Using a four-step conceptual model: mindfulness-cognitive personality variables-values and beliefs variables-sustainable consumption behaviors, this research empirically examines how trait mindfulness is associated with sustainable consumption behaviors. Embracing a broad definition of sustainable consumption in terms of its impact on environment (composition) and level of consumption (volume), this research includes both pro-environmental and downshifting consumption behaviors. By utilizing an online survey method, data was collected from 1005 respondents in Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk). Findings from self-reported measures suggested that while mindfulness directly and positively associated with sustainable behaviors, significant indirect relationships are explained by cognitive personality variables such as cognitive flexibility, need for cognition, attention based self-regulatory control, and values/beliefs namely altruistic values, self-acceptance values, materialistic values, and perceived consumer effectiveness. Comparing empirical models using measures of both socio-cognitive based mindfulness and meditation based mindfulness demonstrated that the former has both direct and indirect relationships with sustainable behaviors while the latter showed only indirect relationships through cognitive personality variables and values/beliefs. By identifying cognitive personality variables that are closely associated with mindfulness, this research teases out the tenets of mindfulness that are more relevant for sustainable consumption behaviors. Also, the recognized cognitive personality variables in this research have been rigorously studied in consumer behavior research, hence finding their relationships with mindfulness might help uncover applications of mindfulness in mainstream consumer behavior research. In addition, by supporting relationships involving cognitive personality variables and values/beliefs relevant for sustainable consumption, this study may offer insights for policy makers and practitioners in maneuvering consumers' mindfulness and their sustainable behaviors to bring about change in their sustainable consumption behaviors.