The following paper is a study about how three Swedish workingclass news papers, Arbetet, Norrskensflamman and Ny Dag, describe and stigmatized the common strike braker in may 1931. I chose in particulary this month because of the tradgic events in Ådalen 14th of may 1931, where five citizens got killed by the Swedish military during a friendly demonstration and the strike braker was a part the unrest that was embossed among the organized workers in Sweden.

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Lantmäteriet har fått i uppdrag att ta fram en Ny Nationell Höjdmodell (NNH) över Sverige. Höjddata samlas in med flygburen laserskanning (FLS) och osäkerheten i höjd ligger generellt sett under 0,1 m på hårda plana ytor, dock kan osäkerheten öka avsevärt i terrängtyper med tät vegetation eller i områden med starkt sluttande terräng. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att kontrollera hur osäkerheten påverkas av olika vegetationstyper samt olika lutningsgrader. Provningen utfördes i delar av Avesta och Hedemora kommun i april 2012, där nio olika provytor kontrollerades enligt den tekniska specifikationen SIS-TS 21145:2007 ”Byggmätning – Statistisk provning av digital terrängmodell”. Kontrollprofiler mättes in i provytorna med Nätverks Real Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (NRTK-GNSS) för de provytor detta var möjligt, övriga provytor inmättes med totalstation. Analysen genomfördes i programvaran TerraScan där triangulerat laserdata jämfördes mot inmätta kontrollprofiler. Resultatet visar att laserdata ligger högre än markytan för alla provytor. Medelavvikelsen för de olika vegetationstyperna ligger mellan 0,105 och 0,593 m där systematiska avvikelser upptäcktes i flera provytor. För de olika lutningsgraderna ligger medelavvikelsen mellan 0,024 och 0,122 m, där en tydlig ökning sker vid 40 graders lutning. Troliga orsaker till de medelavvikelser som erhållits för vegetationstyperna är att punkter felaktigt klassificerats som mark, samt att det i vissa fall helt saknas punkter på markytan. För provytan med 40 graders lutning beror medelavvikelsen troligen på att det horisontella felet har inverkat på det vertikala. Tät vegetation påverkar osäkerheten i höjd men något tydligt samband mellan lutningsgrad och osäkerhet kan inte ses. / Lantmäteriet – the Swedish mapping, cadastral and land registration authority, has been commissioned to develop a new national elevation model of Sweden and the data is collected by airborne laser scanning. The uncertainty in height is generally less than 0,1 m on hard, flat surfaces but in terrain with dense vegetation and areas with high inclination the uncertainty can increase significantly. The purpose of this study is to check how the uncertainty is affected by different vegetation types and different degrees of inclination. The control was performed in parts of Avesta and Hedemora municipality in April 2012, where nine different plots were checked according to the technical specification SIS-TS 21145:2007 “Engineering survey for construction works – Statistical test of digital terrain model”. Profiles were measured with Network Real Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (NRTK-GNSS) where possible, and otherwise a total station was used. The analysis was performed in the software TerraScan in which triangulated laser data were compared with the control profiles. The result shows that laser measured heights are higher than the actual surface. The average deviation of the different vegetation types range from 0,150 to 0,593 m and a systematic deviation was detected in some sample surfaces. For the different slope rates the average deviation ranged from 0,024 to 0,122 m where a clear increase could be seen at 40 degrees inclination. Likely reasons for the deviations obtained for different vegetation types are that points incorrectly has been classified as ground, and that in some cases points on the ground are completely missing. The mean deviation for the sample surface with 40 degrees inclination is probably due to the influence of a horizontal error on the vertical error. Dense vegetation affects the uncertainty in height, but no apparent relationship between inclination and uncertainty can be seen.

Osteological analysis was carried out on skeletons from nine graves from a medieval cemetery in Ny Varberg, Varberg, Halland. The graves originate from a monastery and a church, dating back to the fourteenth and fifteenth century. The main aim with this thesis has been to study health through the presence of pathologies and skeletal changes. Further aim was to compare the results from the present study with theresults from Torsten Sandbergs analysis of the same material from 1964. This comparison later showed coincidence. In this study the sex estimations showed the presence of six men and three women. The age distribution among the nine individuals was homogeneous, whit the majority being middle- aged individuals. They exhibit a stature that can be expected for this time period, however, one man stands out with his180-183 cm. The incidence of dental caries, calculus and ante mortal tooth loss has been frequent. Diseases and changes that are occurring in the course of my work are: meningitis, gingivitis, osteomyelitis, periostitis, osteoarthritis, osteoma, Schmorl’snodes, spondylolysis and hypercementosis, among others. A discussion concerning health and the impact of pain is also included in this thesis. Health among the individuals has been varying; some of them probably have not been affected significantly by their disease, while other diseases have had major negative impacts onthe individuals’ mobility and quality of life, and given rise to significant pain.

<!--StartFragment-->A central discussion within society and businesses today, is the change of generations in the business market which occurs within the upcoming years. A change of generations is unavoidable and a natural step in business. The challenge of the forthcoming reform is the large number of people leaving the labour market and the grand entrance of new labour; Generation Y. The characteristics of Generation Y differ from the older generation which enhances the challenges for the businesses to attract a new workforce. It may also be necessary for the organisations to adapt to the younger generation. Each generation is affected by their values, how society is reformed and also by the spirit of time. The purpose of this thesis is to examine what kind of development the change of generations provides the tourism business in the municipality of Kalmar and the region of Öland. A business might be inherited by family members or sold/bought by strangers. If neither happens the business must eventually close down. There will be an issue when the change of generation occurs, since the people leaving the labour market take their experiences and competences with them. The intellectual and human capital becomes more valuable to organisations when it refers to the tourism industry since service is a central part of the business. Part of the knowledge and competence of the labour is difficult to write down and transfer to the organisation when leaving the business. How to maintain the competence within the organisation when the experienced labour leaves the market is a challenge for the organisations. The thesis discusses if it is important to maintain the human capital in the change of a generation. <!--EndFragment-->

There is an ongoing reorganization within media industries today as they adapt to new and changing demands - the environment is changing fast and the organizations with it. The development of new technology is contributing to new forms of media distribution in the present media industry. The structure of media organizations is getting flatter and the co-workers are getting a new and bigger role. All this is bringing new challenges for the leaders of the organization. Caught in the middle of these new structures is the middle manager who now is facing different demands from all sides. This thesis investigates how the middle manager in media organizations is handling these new and changing demands. Questions have been raised on how the role of middle manager will develop when the co-worker is getting a bigger role and the structures are getting flatter and this thesis investigates the future roll of middle managers. The method that has been used is qualitative interviews with middle managers at different positions and in different organizations. The focus of the interviews has been on the changing surrounding environments for the organizations, the new technology, the new role of co-workers, and their experiences of middle management in media organizations. My conclusions are that the middle manager will be continuously required in the future. They face many new demands, but these can be handled by good communication but also thru experience as well as adaptableness and distinctness. When co-workers are assigned a new role, where they will be either multi-journalists or specialists, it is of most importance for the middle manager to recruit the right people to the organization. It is also of importance that the middle manager adapts the management to the specific requirements of the individual co-worker, and hence that the co-worker is allowed to be more involved in the leadership process. Furthermore I think that the middle management in media organizations will develop into a different and new role in the future, and as such be more operative. The middle manager will operate more like a team-leader or a coach and this can only happen if the administrative work assigned elsewhere.

The aim of this thesis was to use qualitative approaches to show how four preschool teachers experienced their start in the profession as a preschool teacher. The questions in the stydy were as follows: What kind of expectations did the preshool teachers have before the start in the profession? What did the preshool teachers experience as difficulty and opportunity at the start in the profession? How do they think now about their professional development during the early period in the profession? The empirical material, I got through a qualitative interview method. My theoretical starting point was to take the hermeneutic research perspective, aimed for interpreting and understanding. Theories of Socialization and socialization for teachers, socio-cultural theories and theories of tacit knowledge have been used to analyze the material. The material has also been compared and analyzed against previous research on teachers first years in the profession and the research on preschool reachers start in the profession. The results show that three of the interviewed preschool teachers felt they have the support of colleagues during the start of their profession. Preschool teachers experienced various phenomena as difficulties during their professional start, but they stated that they experienced the same phenomenon as an opportunity in the start of the profession. These phenomena were the interactions with the children and the support they felt by their colleagues. Furthermore, the preschool teachers felt at home in the profession after approximately one year.

The main aim of this study is to determine whether the monastery in Ny Varberg has been used as a hospital during its active years. The second aim has been to investigate weather the buried individuals at the monastery at Ny Varberg exclusively are deceased monks. Only individuals from the monastery's active years has been included in this study. A total of 16 inhumated individuals was analysed. Both men, women and children was shown to be present, as well as wide spread of children and adults. Diseases as osteomyelitis, osteoarthritis, sinustitis a possible presence cribra orbitalia as well as other diseases was found. The diseases found at Ny Varberg speaks for a normal distribution of skeletal alterations that we as humans, obtain during life and its endurances. The fact that I, among the buried individuals Ny Varberg, could confirm the presence of women and children implicates that monks hasn't been the only group of individuals buried here. A variation in the muscle patterns among men speaks for a possible occurance of two different groups of men, possible monks and laymen. Regarding the use of the monastery as a hospital, several things points us in a different direction. Signs of disease, mainly leprosy, tuberculosis and other contagious diseases, would be expected if the monastery was used as a hospital during it's active years. These diseases haven't been found. The monastery's orientation in the city and the presence of a S:t Jörgen-chapel located close by, contributes to the interpretation regarding the use of the monastery. The conclusion that the monastery probably hasn't been used as a hospital during it's active years has been drawn. The distributions regarding age, sex and nature of the pathologies, tells us that the monastery probably was used as a monastery. This doesn't exclude the fact that they may have taken mercy upon certain cases, provided care for the monastery's benefactors or have let their laymen and families rest on their burial grounds. It is in my opinion that further studying remains before we in the fullest can pronounce the use and the character of the monastery in Ny Varberg. Further study will be profitably in the study of the individuals buried at the monastery i Ny Varberg. / "Osteoporos och osteoartritis, då och nu", Finansierat av KK- stiftelsen och i samarbete med Sabine Sten

Helene Ugland, f. 11 feb.1877 i Norge. lärarinneexamen 1895 vid Strömsbo Laerarinde-skole, vilket betydde möte med socialistiska och kvinnopolitiska idéer och som blev avgörande för hennes fortsatta verksamhet. Det var också då som rätten till fria tankar började vibrera i hennes sinne. År 1895, arton år gammal, samma år som hon tar examen vid Kristiansand Seminarium, reser hon till Stockholm och håller föredrag om utilitarismen. Hon flyttade till Sverige år 1900 och bosatte sig så småningom i Göteborg. 1903 blev hon skriven i Masthuggets församling samtidigt som hon gifte sig med redaktören vid Ny Tid Anton Andersson och kom att kalla sig Ugland-AnderssonNär hennes man blev chefredaktör vid Östergötlands Folkblad flyttade de till Norrköping. Här fick också Helene arbete på tidningen och som den socialist hon var utnyttjade hon flitigt sitt utrymme i tidningen med att agitera. Dessutom reste hon mycket och höll föreläsningar inte minst om mänskliga rättigheter. Hon ansåg att kristendomen var humbug och tyckte att den hade för stor plats i skolan.Hon deltog i socialdemokratiska kvinnokonferenser där hon propagerade för fri kärlek, rätten till preventivmedel och annat som gynnade kvinnors kamp för jämställdhet. Dock blev hon missförstådd då hennes belackare skyllde henne för att förespråka lösaktigt leverne.Sina sista verksamma år tillbringade hon i Gnesta där hon blev kommunalpolitiker. Hon dog 1 aug.1940.

This study investigates the concept of regionalism in the context of the Swedish middle-level political arena. The used method is qualitative theory and two cases are studied: Västra Götaland and Norrbottens läns landsting. The aim of the study is to see what the politicans think about Swedens regionalization process by compare the views of politicans that function in a region and in a county council. Do they have the same vision about what constitutes a region and which advantages do they see in working in a region or in a county council? Also dimensions about territorially and sectorial autonomy on the regional level, presented by King and Pierre are investigated in order to explain the different regionala organs functioning accordingly to these dimensions. The empirical material that have been analyzed is taken from 17 interviews, from government writings and reports from the SKL association, Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting, about the topic of regionalization and the effects and goals in Sweden. The conclusion of the material is that there is common opinion among the politicans about the goals of a region and also about which areas that can benefit the most from the perspective of beeing a region instead of a county council. When it comes to explaining the dimensions of territorially and sectorial autonomy the results have shown that the region has the most both territorially and sectorial autonomy, which is due to the regions rightfullness to taxation right, which is high in the region and ensured by a strong catchment area. When the county council get lawful regional status, the abscense of a big catchment area will cause a weaker regional autonomy, caused to its dependence of both the territorially and sectorial dimensions for upholding the region’s financially resources.