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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Tornar-se professor particular de violino: uma pesquisa biográfica

Chagas Neto, Antonio 05 February 2014 (has links)
Submitted by ANTONIO CHAGÄS NETO (achabach@hotmail.com) on 2016-02-15T17:49:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tornar-se professor particular de violino_Antonio Chagas Neto.pdf: 496413 bytes, checksum: be667c9d814e7a15a5a0387ea22405a5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-15T17:49:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tornar-se professor particular de violino_Antonio Chagas Neto.pdf: 496413 bytes, checksum: be667c9d814e7a15a5a0387ea22405a5 (MD5) / CAPES / Este estudo tenta compreender como cinco violinistas profissionais se tornaram professores particulares de violino, ao apresentar fatos de sua história de vida que influenciaram nessa escolha. A pesquisa qualitativa foi a opção metodológica, utilizando-se da pesquisa (auto)biográfica, onde buscou trabalhar com as narrativas dos cinco professores particulares de violino, com idades entre 27 e 68 anos, da cidade de Aracaju, Sergipe. Eles apresentavam características representativas, ou seja, singularidades que contemplassem a heterogeneidade do professor particular de instrumento. A investigação teve como objetivos específicos: identificar as circunstâncias que levaram o professor particular de violino ao exercício desta profissão; conhecer as relações entre o ensino particular de instrumento e outras atividades profissionais dos professores entrevistados; compreender a visão pessoal dos entrevistados sobre o ensino particular, segundo as narrativas; levantar aspectos positivos e negativos do ensino particular; verificar as perspectivas futuras dos entrevistados quanto ao ensino particular e traçar aspectos identitários do ensino particular de violino. Tomou-se como referencial teórico os conceitos de Bauman (2005) no que se refere à inserção dos professores no trabalho, Huberman (1995) que trata sobre o ciclo de vida dos professores e Nóvoa (1995) que aborda a relevância da (auto)biografia para uma melhor compreensão do ser professor . Os resultados obtidos mostram que as circunstâncias que levaram o indivíduo a se tornar professor particular de instrumento estão mais vinculadas aos aspectos sociológicos do que uma motivação intrínseca, ou seja, é mais uma possibilidade de atuação profissional do que um desejo pessoal. Outro fato relevante é a atribuição, por parte dos entrevistados, ao ensino particular de violino como uma atividade secundária, complementar, proveniente, em muitos casos, pela instabilidade desta profissão, que se caracteriza pela grande rotatividade de alunos, inexistência de um vínculo empregatício e falta de reconhecimento desta como uma atividade profissional, tanto por parte dos professores entrevistados quanto da própria sociedade que os circunda. / This study focuses on how professional violinists become private violin teachers, presenting facts of their life story that influenced their entry into teaching. In this study a qualitative research was the method chosen, using the autobiographical survey and working with the narratives of empirical field. Five private violin teachers were interviewed, aged between 27 and 65, in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, presenting representative features, i.e. the features of the heterogeneity of a tutor of a musical instrument. The research had the following specific objectives: 1) to identify the conditions that led the private violin teacher to the exercise of the profession; 2) To discover the relationship between the private musical instrument teaching and the other professional activities of the people interviewed; 3) To understand the personal vision of interviewees about private education, according to the narratives; 4) To raise positive and negative aspects of private education; 5) To check the future prospects of therespondents to private education; 6) To draw identity aspects of private violin teaching. It was taken as theoretical framework the concepts of Bauman (2005) relating to teachers immersion in their work, Huberman (1995) about teachers' cycle of life and Nóvoa (1995) that talk about the importance of the autobiographical survey for a better understanding of being a teacher. The results show how the circumstances that led the individual to become a musical instrument tutor are more linked to the sociological aspects than to a personal motivation, i.e, it is one more possibility of professional practice than a personal desire. Another relevant factor is the attribution, by the respondents, to the teaching of violin as a secondary activity, due to, in many cases, the instability of this profession, which is characterized by high turnover of pupils, lack of employment and lack of recognition of it as a formal occupation, not only by teachers interviewed but also by the society that surrounds them.
12

O design na construção do livro: a Coleção Particular da editora Cosac Naify

OLIVEIRA, Gabriela Araujo Ferraz Oliveira 31 August 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Rafael Santana (rafael.silvasantana@ufpe.br) on 2018-02-05T19:58:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertacao_GabrielaAraujoFerrazOliveira.pdf: 14961446 bytes, checksum: db9a0438a56939637b4fa76c43741906 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-05T19:58:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertacao_GabrielaAraujoFerrazOliveira.pdf: 14961446 bytes, checksum: db9a0438a56939637b4fa76c43741906 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / CAPES / Esta pesquisa investiga a relação dos elementos do projeto gráfico com o conteúdo textual de obras literárias com a finalidade de elaborar significados do livro. No cenário contemporâneo, o design é uma peça-chave para a construção de livros, pois articula aspectos necessários para sua realização, inserindo-se ativamente em seu processo de significação. Assim, argumentamos que seus aspectos materiais e visuais são determinantes na experiência de leitura. Tomamos o caso das edições da Coleção Particular da editora Cosac Naify a fim de explorar como as decisões projetuais relacionam os elementos do projeto gráfico com o conteúdo textual das obras. Uma vez que livros condensam em si e são condicionados por inúmeros fatores tecnológicos, econômicos e culturais, (1) buscamos delinear sua história, tanto no mundo quanto no Brasil, para compreendermos a tradição a que a editora Cosac Naify pertence. Depois, (2) discutimos a significação da materialidade do livro e como o designer pode atuar para articular significados através da sua forma, utilizando elementos compreendidos pelo projeto gráfico. Então, (3) delineamos os aspectos metodológicos utilizados na pesquisa, desde explorações para definição do corpus analítico às ferramentas de catalogação, a fim de condicionar o processo de leitura para contemplar os aspectos do projeto gráfico. Por fim, (4) analisamos cada uma das sete edições da Coleção Particular, evidenciando os aspectos literários que são articulados pelas decisões projetuais. Como resultado, não buscamos um modelo de projeto ou a determinação dos significados das edições, mas evidenciar as possibilidades de enriquecimento da experiência proporcionada pelo livro que se inicia a partir de uma atitude projetual, a qual retoma o conteúdo textual e o honra a partir da construção do artefato. / This research investigates the relations of the design elements with the textual content of literary works in order to elaborate meanings regarding the book. In the present scenario, design is a key tool to construct books, because it articulates the necessary elements to its realization, actively inserted on the process of meaning-making. Thus, we argue that the book’s material and visual aspects are determining to the reading experience. We analyse the case of Coleção Particular’s editions from Cosac Naify publishing in order to explore how do the design choices relate its elements to the textual content of the works. Once books condense and are made possible by uncountable technological, economic and cultural factors, (1) we seek to sketch its history, both worldwide and in Brazil, in order to understand the tradition Cosac Naify belongs to. Then, (2) we discuss the meaning of books’ materiality and how the designer can act as to articulate meanings through its form, using elements belonging to design practice. Thus, (3) we setch the methodological issues regarding the research, since explorations to define our analytical corpus to the cataloguing tools, in order to allow the reading process to contemplate design aspects. At last, (4) we analyze each one of the seven editions of Coleção Particular’s catalogue, highlighting literary qualities that are articulated by design decisions. As a result, we do not seek neither a design model nor determine interpretations, but to make clear the possibilities to enrich the experience conveyed by the book, which begins at a design stance, which delves back into the textual content and honors it all through the construction of the book as object.
13

Structural Low Cement Content (LCC) Concrete: An Eco-friendly Alternative for Construction Industry

Yousuf, Saif 07 May 2018 (has links)
Pressure is mounting in the construction industry to adopt more environmentally sustainable methods to reduce CO2 emissions. Portland cement (PC) often constitutes to more than two-thirds of the embodied energy of concrete, and its production generates 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. One efficient strategy to reduce the cement content without sacrificing performance is the use of particle packing models (PPM) to mix- proportion concrete mixtures with low cement content, the so-called low cement content (LCC) concrete. If on the one hand LCC was seen to be an effective sustainable alternative to the construction industry, its mechanical behaviour, durability and long-term performance are still under debate and thus further research is needed in the area. In this project, continuous PPM theories were used to mix- design structural concrete mixes presenting distinct mechanical properties (i.e. 25 & 35 MPa) and cement contents. Their performance was evaluated in the fresh and hardened states, and gaps, recommendations, and further needs were highlighted. Results show that the use of PPM enables the development of LCC systems, showing impressive hardened state performance (i.e. higher compressive strength and modulus of elasticity and lower electrical resistivity) and low carbon footprint. However, challenges in the fresh state were faced, which may be potentially solved with the use of chemical admixtures, fillers and/or supplementary cementing materials (SCMs).
14

Conciencia fonológica y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de tercer grado de educación primaria en un colegio particular del distrito de Miraflores

Márquez Serrano, Claudia Fiorella January 2016 (has links)
El presente estudio permitió comprobar si existía relación entre la conciencia fonológica y la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes de tercer grado de primaria de una institución educativa del distrito de Miraflores, mediante una investigación de tipo descriptiva correlacional. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística intencionada de 60 estudiantes pertenecientes a dos secciones de tercer grado de primaria; en la recolección de datos para la investigación se utilizaron dos instrumentos, para conocer el nivel de conciencia fonológica se empleó el Test de Habilidades Metalingüísticas THM, la confiabilidad de esta prueba fue medida a través del coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach y presentó una validez de contenido de ítems por criterio de jueces. Para conocer el nivel de comprensión lectora teniendo en cuenta los componentes de la lectura se aplicó la Evaluación de la Comprensión Lectora ACL-3 adaptada por Delgado, Escurra y Torres. Mediante la contrastación de las hipótesis en base a los resultados obtenidos, se pudo evidenciar la existencia de una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la conciencia fonológica y la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de tercer grado de la institución educativa particular del distrito de Miraflores, considerando los puntajes totales de las pruebas, como el puntaje total del Test de Habilidades Metalingüísticas THM y los componentes literal, de reorganización, inferencial y crítico de la Evaluación de Comprensión Lectora ACL-3
15

POTENCIAL ECOTURÍSTICO DA RESERVA PARTICULAR DO PATRIMÔNIO NATURAL FELICIANO MIGUEL ABDALA, CARATINGA – MG / Potential Ecoturístico of the Reservation Peculiar of the Natural Patrimony Feliciano Miguel Abdala, Caratinga-MG / POTENCIAL ECOTURÍSTICO DA RESERVA PARTICULAR DO PATRIMÔNIO NATURAL FELICIANO MIGUEL ABDALA, CARATINGA – MG / Potential Ecoturístico of the Reservation Peculiar of the Natural Patrimony Feliciano Miguel Abdala, Caratinga-MG

Rosangela de Paula Galvão 18 May 2007 (has links)
lt;p align="justify"gt; O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial ecoturístico da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN-FMA), localizada no distrito de Santo Antônio do Manhuaçu no município de Caratinga-MG. Para tanto foi utilizada a tabela de hierarquia de atrativos turísticos estabelecida pela Organização Mundial de Turismo, 1997 (OMT), que permite diferenciar os atrativos em função de suas características naturais e apelo ecoturístico, combinada com a metodologia proposta por Ruschmann et al. (2001), que combina critérios de hierarquização e de prioridade para calcular o índice de implantação de cada atrativo. Esta metodologia permite uma análise crítica dos atrativos a fim de se estabelecer valores de interesse turístico, assinalando sua correspondência hierárquica dentro do contexto regional. O levantamento dos dados foi feito nos meses de maio a novembro de 2006 e, foram entrevistadas 347 pessoas, distribuídos entre as comunidades de Caratinga e o entorno da reserva, hóspedes de hotéis e participantes de eventos realizados em Caratinga (II Festival do Muriqui e “Maió e Mió” São João de Minas). Para melhor valoração do potencial da RPPN-FMA foi feita uma análise comparativa de seus atrativos em relação a outros atrativos naturais da cidade de Caratinga, identificados e caracterizados em estudos anteriores. Com o dados obtidos foi possível à identificação das fragilidades e potencialidades da RPPN, os quais poderão ser utilizados para fomentar o ecoturismo no local, bem como contribuir como subsídio para a elaboração do plano de manejo da RPPN.lt;/pgt; / lt;p align="justify"gt; O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial ecoturístico da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN-FMA), localizada no distrito de Santo Antônio do Manhuaçu no município de Caratinga-MG. Para tanto foi utilizada a tabela de hierarquia de atrativos turísticos estabelecida pela Organização Mundial de Turismo, 1997 (OMT), que permite diferenciar os atrativos em função de suas características naturais e apelo ecoturístico, combinada com a metodologia proposta por Ruschmann et al. (2001), que combina critérios de hierarquização e de prioridade para calcular o índice de implantação de cada atrativo. Esta metodologia permite uma análise crítica dos atrativos a fim de se estabelecer valores de interesse turístico, assinalando sua correspondência hierárquica dentro do contexto regional. O levantamento dos dados foi feito nos meses de maio a novembro de 2006 e, foram entrevistadas 347 pessoas, distribuídos entre as comunidades de Caratinga e o entorno da reserva, hóspedes de hotéis e participantes de eventos realizados em Caratinga (II Festival do Muriqui e “Maió e Mió” São João de Minas). Para melhor valoração do potencial da RPPN-FMA foi feita uma análise comparativa de seus atrativos em relação a outros atrativos naturais da cidade de Caratinga, identificados e caracterizados em estudos anteriores. Com o dados obtidos foi possível à identificação das fragilidades e potencialidades da RPPN, os quais poderão ser utilizados para fomentar o ecoturismo no local, bem como contribuir como subsídio para a elaboração do plano de manejo da RPPN.lt;/pgt; / lt;p align="justify"gt; The main objective this study was to evaluate the potential for ecotourism of the Feliciano Miguel Abdala Natural Patrimony Private Reserve (FMA-NPPR), located in the district of Santo Antonio of Manhuaçu, Caratinga-MG. The OMT/CICATUR table was used to differentiate different attractions in function of their natural characteristics and appeal for ecotourism. The methodology proposed by Ruschmann et al., (2001), which combines hierarchy and priority criteria, was used to of to calculate the implantation index of each attraction. This methodology allows a critical analysis of the attractions in order to establish values of tourist interest within the regional context. This way, the potential of the FMA-NPPR was compared with other natural attractions existent in Caratinga. Data was obtained in the period of May to November of 2006. In total, 347 people amongst Caratinga residents, hotel guests and participants of cultural events (II Muriqui Festival and “Maió e Mió” São João de Minas) were interviewed. Based on the obtained data it was possible to identify the weaknesses and potentials of the FMA-NPPR which can be used to foment local ecotourism and subsidize the reserve’s management plan.lt;/pgt; / lt;p align="justify"gt; The main objective this study was to evaluate the potential for ecotourism of the Feliciano Miguel Abdala Natural Patrimony Private Reserve (FMA-NPPR), located in the district of Santo Antonio of Manhuaçu, Caratinga-MG. The OMT/CICATUR table was used to differentiate different attractions in function of their natural characteristics and appeal for ecotourism. The methodology proposed by Ruschmann et al., (2001), which combines hierarchy and priority criteria, was used to of to calculate the implantation index of each attraction. This methodology allows a critical analysis of the attractions in order to establish values of tourist interest within the regional context. This way, the potential of the FMA-NPPR was compared with other natural attractions existent in Caratinga. Data was obtained in the period of May to November of 2006. In total, 347 people amongst Caratinga residents, hotel guests and participants of cultural events (II Muriqui Festival and “Maió e Mió” São João de Minas) were interviewed. Based on the obtained data it was possible to identify the weaknesses and potentials of the FMA-NPPR which can be used to foment local ecotourism and subsidize the reserve’s management plan.lt;/pgt;
16

A tese das ideias abstratas de David Hume

Melo, Gustavo Oliveira Fernandes 13 November 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:13:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5959.pdf: 1110802 bytes, checksum: 9fa1e930c4e3fa204a605dbe9624d9e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / According to David Hume, the mind is unable to form another kind of idea that is not particular (See: Summary, § 28), ie, it is impossible to form an idea that, at one time, represent many different particular perceptions. When we encounter this thesis, a matter we soon came to mind: as a general term is then formed, ie, how they are formed those words that denote more than one particular perception (perceptions simple or complex)? In order to find an answer to this question, we decided to investigate the structure and genesis of the thesis of abstract ideas in the Treatise of Human Nature, since this is the thesis responsible for forming the general terms. And to achieve this we focus on the genesis of general terms that denote particular qualities. Therefore, we believe that there is a major difficulty for an empiricist conceiving a thesis about the abstract ideas. / Segundo David Hume, não podemos formar outro tipo de ideia senão particular (Cf.: Resumo, §28), ou seja, é impossível formar uma ideia que, a um só tempo, represente várias percepções particulares diferentes. Ao nos deparar com essa tese, uma questão logo nos veio à mente: como um termo geral então é formado, ou seja, como são formadas aquelas palavras que denotam mais de uma percepção particular, sejam elas complexas ou simples? A fim de encontrar uma resposta para essa questão, resolvemos investigar a estrutura e a gênese da tese das ideias abstratas no Tratado da natureza humana, já que, para Hume, é esta a tese responsável por formar um termo geral. E para alcançar esse objetivo, nos focamos na gênese de termos gerais que denotam qualidades particulares. Acreditamos, pois, que ali está a principal dificuldade, para um empirista, em conceber uma tese acerca das ideias abstratas.
17

La comprensión lectora y la resolución de problemas algebraicos en alumnos de primer año de secundaria de una Institución Educativa Particular del Cercado de Lima

Díaz García, Beatriz Elizabeth January 2015 (has links)
La presente investigación, de tipo descriptiva correlacional, permitió analizar la relación que existe entre la comprensión lectora y la resolución de problemas algebraicos en alumnos del primer año de secundaria de la Institución Educativa San Andrés Anglo Peruano, durante el año 2014. Para ello, se trabajó con una muestra de 62 alumnos de primer año de secundaria. Para medir el nivel de comprensión lectora de los alumnos, se les aplicó la Prueba de Complejidad Lingüística Progresiva (CLP 7 – FORMA A) de los autores Alliende, Condemarín y Milicic, adaptada por Delgado et al en el 2012. De la misma manera, para medir el nivel de resolución de problemas algebraicos de los estudiantes, se aplicó una prueba diseñada por la autora de la investigación, cuya validez de contenido fue obtenida a través de criterio de jueces y para su confiabilidad se utilizó el coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach. Para relacionar los puntajes de la comprensión lectora con los puntajes de la resolución de problemas algebraicos, se utilizó la prueba estadística de la correlación de Pearson, cuyos resultados demuestran la existencia de correlación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables comprensión lectora y resolución de problemas algebraicos.
18

El lenguaje oral y la comprensión lectora en los alumnos de Primer Grado de Primaria de una Institución Educativa Estatal y una Institución Educativa Particular del Distrito de San Luis.

Lara Castillo, Mónica Patricia January 2015 (has links)
El presente estudio tuvo como principal propósito, establecer la relación que existe entre las variables del lenguaje oral y la comprensión lectora en los alumnos de primer grado de primaria. Para ello se utilizó la Prueba de Lenguaje Oral de Navarra Revisada (PLON-R) y la Prueba de Comprensión Lectora de Complejidad Lingüística Progresiva Nivel 1 forma A (CLP 1-A). Los participantes fueron niños de 6 años de edad de la Institución Educativa Estatal San Juan Macías 0083 y la Institución Educativa no Estatal Santa Fortunata del distrito de San Luis. El contraste de las variables permitió validar las hipótesis planteadas, pues la variable lenguaje oral y comprensión lectora se correlacionan de manera significativa; así también se encontró diferencias significativas al comparar las dimensiones del lenguaje oral y comprensión lectora de la institución educativa estatal y particular, siendo los estudiantes de la institución educativa no estatal quienes presentaron mayor dominio del lenguaje oral y mayor nivel de comprensión lectora. Los resultados de esta investigación indican que el dominio del lenguaje oral predispone al niño a una exitosa comprensión lectora, por consiguiente, esto tiene que ser impulsado por su medio social donde se desarrolla, es decir, por los padres y docentes a través de actividades integrales y sistemáticas que promuevan el lenguaje oral. Con esta investigación se espera que se le preste mayor atención a las variables y de este modo los padres y docentes reflexionen sobre la importancia del desarrollo del lenguaje oral y su relación con la comprensión lectora.
19

A historical study and evaluation of the form of church government practised by the Particular Baptists in the 17th and 18th centuries / Boon-Sing Poh

Poh, Boon-Sing January 2012 (has links)
This thesis is a historical study and evaluation of the form of church government practised by the Particular Baptists of the 17th and 18th centuries, from the years 1650 to 1750. This study is based on confessional statements, the ecclesiological literature, and the extant church books of the Particular Baptists. It is shown that the Particular Baptists practised a definitive form of church government known traditionally as Independency, similar to that expounded by John Owen, minus infant baptism. Under the principle of the autonomy of the church the Particular Baptists practised believer’s baptism, an explicit church membership, and upheld covenant theology. Under the principle of the headship of Christ, they practised the separation of church and state, upheld the divine right of the magistrate, and also believed in the liberty of conscience. Under the principle of rule by elders the majority of the Particular Baptists practised a plurality of elders in which there was a distinction made between the roles of the pastor or minister and the ruling elders, although they occupy the same basic office of rule. However, deviation from a plural eldership took place, leading to the singlepastor- and-multiple-deacons situation, accompanied by the disappearance of ruling elders and the practice of congregational democracy in governance. This arrangement is characteristic of modern Congregationalism. Under the principle of the communion of churches the regional associations of churches accomplished much good, while a number of issues remained unresolved, including open and closed communion, congregational hymn singing, and the training of ministers. In the final chapter, the study attempts to resolve some ecclesiological issues controverted among Reformed Baptists today by applying the lessons learned from the Particular Baptists. To the Particular Baptists, Independency was the jus divinum (divinely ordained) form of church government used by God as the vehicle to carry out the Great Commission with a view to establishing biblically ordered churches, which upheld the 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith. These three components of church life − mission-mindedness, biblical church order, and the 1689 Confession of Faith − arose from the thorough biblicism of the Particular Baptists. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Church and Dogma History))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
20

Les responsabilités de l'ophtalmologiste dans ses activités / Ophtalmologist responsabilities in practical exercise

Castillon Estève, Christine 11 February 2011 (has links)
L'émergence de l'ophtalmologie en tant que spécialité pointue est récente, contemporaine de l'aire de la révolution technologique. Cette discipline ne s'exerce qu'en présence de dispositifs médicaux et ses spécificités sont aussi liées aux particularités de l'organe responsable de la fonction visuelle. Mais justifient-elles un traitement particulier de la responsabilité de l'ophtalmologiste ? Médicale, chirurgicale et fonctionnelle cette discipline embrasse de nombreux champs de la responsabilité médicale. Les réponses en vue de la réparation du dommage produit, sont examinées au regard de la causalité qu'une perte de chance relativise fréquemment. Le fait originel obéit aux qualifications habituelles, mais l'incidence du défaut des produits prend un relief particulier au côté de la faute, de l'aléa et de l'infection nosocomiale. Les frontières des qualifications évoluent dans le temps et participent outre une certaine ambiguïté, à alimenter les procédures. Le contexte d'exercice et le développement du consumérisme modifient la jurisprudence. Ils sont à l'origine de la loi du 4 mars 2002, tournant de la relation médecin malade, qui assoie les récents revirements de jurisprudence, notamment sur le plan de l'information. Elle créé les commissions de conciliation et d'indemnisation qui transcendent les voies judiciaires et administratives sans les supprimer. Ouvertes aux préjudices visuels, les critères de gravité liés tant à leur accès et qu'à la solidarité nationale renforcent les tensions autour de l'oeil par un seul fait arithmétique. En fait, ces différentes instances ne tiennent pas compte du particularisme de l'exercice mais intègrent leur raisonnement en droit commun. / The ophtalmology has very old history; it's recently appeared like a speciality because of the technological revolution. The specificities of the discipline are applied only with medical devices and are connected with the peculiarities of this organ ; the eye is manager of the visual function. But do they justify a particular treatment of the ophtalmologist responsibility? It's a medical, surgical and functional discipline which opens so many medical responsibilities. Answers to repair the ophthalmologist intervention damage are examined face to causality, the loose of lucky often reduce it. The original fact obeys to the usual qualifications, but the incidence of the default product is particular next to the fault, the hazard and the hospital-borne infection. Qualifications limit differ with the time and play with a certain ambiguity to create so many process for the ophthalmologist. The practicing context and the consumer society development m odify the case law which doesn't miss and are of the origin of an Act. The recent cases laws completes changes, particular for patient information, are to the origin of the Act of 4 March 2002 and show a modification of the patient doctor relation. The Act creates reconciliation and compensation board which transcend judicial and administrative ways without deleting them. Those last one are open to the visual damages. The seriousness criteria linked to access and national solidarity increase problems around the eye by a only arithmetical fact. In my opinion, these different authorities don't take care about the particularism of exercise but integrate their arguments into common law.

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