Orientador: Eduardo Paulon Girardi / Resumo: O objetivo desta tese é apresentar uma proposta crítica aos zoneamentos oficiais para a cana-de-açúcar no Estado de São Paulo, sobretudo ao Zoneamento Agroambiental para o Setor Sucroalcooleiro (ZAA). Partiu-se da hipótese de que os zoneamentos oficiais servem apenas como instrumento para legitimar a expansão territorial do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, abrindo mão de seu caráter de ordenamento e desconsiderando as contradições inerentes ao agronegócio canavieiro. Para a desconstrução dos zoneamentos oficiais e elaboração da contraproposta, utilizamos os basilares conceitos de território e desenvolvimento territorial. Por reconhecer a coexistência de múltiplos territórios e da questão agrária, propomos o Zoneamento Territorial para a Cana-de-açúcar no Estado de São Paulo (ZTC), o qual foi elaborado a partir da reinterpretação das características edafoclimáticas e de restrições ambientais, também consideradas pelo ZAA, mas com a inserção de dados referentes aos territórios da agricultura familiar. Após a criação do ZTC verificamos como se comportou a expansão da área plantada com cana a partir de 2004 até 2013, e relacionamos o aumento da área plantada com a evolução da produção agropecuária dos municípios paulistas. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho a cartografia foi fundamental: utilizamos a cartografia geográfica e principalmente técnicas de geoprocessamento com os Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), pelo qual armazenamos, processamos e analisamos os dados, o que resul... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis aims to present a critical proposal for the official zoning for sugar cane in the State of São Paulo, especially the Agro-environmental Zoning for the sugar-alcohol sector (ZAA). To do so, we started from the hypothesis that official zoning serves only as an instrument to legitimize the territorial expansion of sugarcane cultivation, renouncing its character of planning and disregarding the contradictions inherent in sugarcane agribusiness. For the deconstruction of the official zoning and elaboration of a counterproposal, we used the basic concepts of territory and territorial development. Recognizing the coexistence of multiple territories and the Agrarian Issue, we propose the Territorial Zoning for Sugarcane in the State of São Paulo (ZTC), which was elaborated from the reinterpretation of the edaphoclimatic characteristics and environmental restrictions, also considered by the ZAA, but with the insertion of data referring to the territories of family agriculture. After the creation of the ZTC, we verified how the expansion of the cultivated area with sugar cane behaved from 2004 to 2013, furthermore we related the increase of the cultivated area with the evolution of the agricultural production of the municipalities from São Paulo. Cartography was fundamental to the development of this work: we used geographic cartography and mainly geoprocessing techniques with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), through which we stored, processed and analyzed the data, re... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Orientador: Eduardo Paulon Girardi / Resumo: O objetivo desta tese é apresentar uma proposta crítica aos zoneamentos oficiais para a cana-de-açúcar no Estado de São Paulo, sobretudo ao Zoneamento Agroambiental para o Setor Sucroalcooleiro (ZAA). Partiu-se da hipótese de que os zoneamentos oficiais servem apenas como instrumento para legitimar a expansão territorial do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, abrindo mão de seu caráter de ordenamento e desconsiderando as contradições inerentes ao agronegócio canavieiro. Para a desconstrução dos zoneamentos oficiais e elaboração da contraproposta, utilizamos os basilares conceitos de território e desenvolvimento territorial. Por reconhecer a coexistência de múltiplos territórios e da questão agrária, propomos o Zoneamento Territorial para a Cana-de-açúcar no Estado de São Paulo (ZTC), o qual foi elaborado a partir da reinterpretação das características edafoclimáticas e de restrições ambientais, também consideradas pelo ZAA, mas com a inserção de dados referentes aos territórios da agricultura familiar. Após a criação do ZTC verificamos como se comportou a expansão da área plantada com cana a partir de 2004 até 2013, e relacionamos o aumento da área plantada com a evolução da produção agropecuária dos municípios paulistas. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho a cartografia foi fundamental: utilizamos a cartografia geográfica e principalmente técnicas de geoprocessamento com os Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), pelo qual armazenamos, processamos e analisamos os dados, o que resul... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis aims to present a critical proposal for the official zoning for sugar cane in the State of São Paulo, especially the Agro-environmental Zoning for the sugar-alcohol sector (ZAA). To do so, we started from the hypothesis that official zoning serves only as an instrument to legitimize the territorial expansion of sugarcane cultivation, renouncing its character of planning and disregarding the contradictions inherent in sugarcane agribusiness. For the deconstruction of the official zoning and elaboration of a counterproposal, we used the basic concepts of territory and territorial development. Recognizing the coexistence of multiple territories and the Agrarian Issue, we propose the Territorial Zoning for Sugarcane in the State of São Paulo (ZTC), which was elaborated from the reinterpretation of the edaphoclimatic characteristics and environmental restrictions, also considered by the ZAA, but with the insertion of data referring to the territories of family agriculture. After the creation of the ZTC, we verified how the expansion of the cultivated area with sugar cane behaved from 2004 to 2013, furthermore we related the increase of the cultivated area with the evolution of the agricultural production of the municipalities from São Paulo. Cartography was fundamental to the development of this work: we used geographic cartography and mainly geoprocessing techniques with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), through which we stored, processed and analyzed the data, re... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

筆者以「日本殖民政策與台灣農民運動的形成 （1895∼1931年）」為題 ，係以日據台灣農業經濟的歷史特質為主軸， 反映當時殖民政策下產業 結構變革的基本趨勢， 主題所關切的是土地耕作者對殖民政策的肆應性 問題，說明農民在殖民地爭取經濟利權的活動發展及其形成與衰退的原因 ，同時對於移墾區居民性格經過殖民地化及資本主義化後之轉變與強化的 現象提出一些歷史性的解釋。本論文除導論、結論外，分為四章作細部分 析，第二章， 「日據台灣近代化殖民地的建立」：係以清末台灣的經營 為背景， 說明日本帝國主義對台灣經濟支配的外部活動，特別是農業政 策及資本主義化的意義， 其中對於外來力量對移墾社會的破壞及重建， 以及所殘存的移墾社會特質， 是論述的重點。第三章，「日據台灣農業 結構的基本問題」： 是從土地利用、農產商品化及佃作問題等三方面分 析農業結構問題， 同時對殖民政府的措施與農民肆應間的關係作內部的 討論， 俾說明帝國主義的外力介入是否改變台灣農業模式，如有改變， 則其改變的實質如何， 以及農民在耕作型態上所面臨的衝擊， 以及傳統 土地制度所引發的佃作問題是如何形成農民爭議的主題。第四章，「農民 性格的轉變與強化」： 農民特性是農業社會價值規範表現於農民生活和 生產上的身心行為特質。 台灣農民性格有明顯冒險趨利的移墾特質，對 財富、土地的熱愛更有強化的傾向， 民族運動所喚起利權意識促成農民 運動的形成，相對地， 外在帝國主義的政策性誘導因素亦加強農民對農 業經營的投注心力， 從性格角度觀察農民爭取經營利權運動的形成與帝 國主義的政策性反應是有對照性的； 另外由於農村結構受帝國主義的支 配，導致農民的階層的分化亦予以討論說明。第五章， 「農民運動的形 成與衰退」： 敘述在台灣產業發達及全球經濟恐慌的時代背景下，農民 爭取利權運動的形成，回映前述農民性格的特殊性， 以運動發生的特質 與區域說明農民對殖民政策的肆應。 同時結社團體在對農民運動的指導 與推動中，所作的政治訴求及其意識， 以及農民的支持程度如何？農民 關切的焦點所在？均需作深入的分析， 最後並提出對於農民運動的評價 。

The dissertation deals with political culture in the Age of Liberty as it is manifested in the uprising in Dalarna in 1743. The object of the study is the political repertoire used by the peasants – a combination of utilisation of political institutions and different forms of protest such as tax boycotts and a march from Dalarna to the capital. Emphasis has been placed on the interactive aspects of the movement. Thereby, the repertoire used by central authorities to suppress the movement is equally important. Results show that the peasants formed their actions in close connection with the reactions they were met with by the authorities. Initially, the attempts to demobilise the peasants’ movement actually facilitated its mobilisation. As the peasants’ political repertoire is uncovered, it has been possible to study the movement’s mobilisation process through the use of mobilising structures, political opportunities, and interpretative processes. Hence, the significance of the uprising to the protesters is clarified. The protesters viewed their actions as part of an ongoing political debate, legitimised by the government’s neglect of its obligations towards the people, rather than as a subversive uprising. The Dalarna uprising of 1743 was an integral part of political culture in the Age of Liberty through its combined use of formal and informal political institutions and arenas. The uprising is an eloquent expression of the increasing political assertiveness among the peasantry and the peasant estate in Sweden in the eighteenth century.

The dissertation deals with political culture in the Age of Liberty as it is manifested in the uprising in Dalarna in 1743. The object of the study is the political repertoire used by the peasants – a combination of utilisation of political institutions and different forms of protest such as tax boycotts and a march from Dalarna to the capital. Emphasis has been placed on the interactive aspects of the movement. Thereby, the repertoire used by central authorities to suppress the movement is equally important. Results show that the peasants formed their actions in close connection with the reactions they were met with by the authorities. Initially, the attempts to demobilise the peasants’ movement actually facilitated its mobilisation. As the peasants’ political repertoire is uncovered, it has been possible to study the movement’s mobilisation process through the use of mobilising structures, political opportunities, and interpretative processes. Hence, the significance of the uprising to the protesters is clarified. The protesters viewed their actions as part of an ongoing political debate, legitimised by the government’s neglect of its obligations towards the people, rather than as a subversive uprising. The Dalarna uprising of 1743 was an integral part of political culture in the Age of Liberty through its combined use of formal and informal political institutions and arenas. The uprising is an eloquent expression of the increasing political assertiveness among the peasantry and the peasant estate in Sweden in the eighteenth century.

With the reproduction of severe deprivation among the campesinado in Latin America as a starting-point,the report explores the mechanisms of impoverishment in the eastern rural region of the department of Cauca in Colombia and the forms of resistance initiated by the Regional Indigenous Council of Cauca (CRIC). It is postulated that the continued existence of poverty derives its root-causes not from lacking integration of the traditional sector of the national economy into the modern sector, but from the processes through which the poor indigenous staple-food producer and agricultural worker by way of his actual participation within the capitalistic system is continously deprived of his energy and capacity by the power elite as he himself lacks the means to realize his own developmental power* Sham-participation, refering to the dysfunctionality of systemic participation performed by the poor who lack access to the bases for accumulating social power, is a concept applied to understand these mechanisms. Participation per se does not necessarily correspond to influence and power. Rather, systemic political participation can give legitimacy to the very system and to those structural conditions oppressing the indigenous small-holders and workers and consequently contributes to the consolidation of the transfer-process of power and thereby the reproduction of deprivation. Thus the poor indigenous population in Cauca cannot expect to be given access to the fundaments of social power. Thus the elements of real participation and the conditions for resisting deprivation are less likely to be obtained only through the creation of new institutions and channels for popular participation# In the case of the indigenous movement in Colombia, the problem is rather to revoke the repression of the indigenous organizations which have emerged from below and instead promote their spontaneous mobilization. / digitalisering@umu

The transnationalisation of economic relations and the emergence of supranational sites of policy-making and governance have been of concern both to 'affected publics' subject to the remote decisionmaking that such developments entail (and who have mobilised extensively to demonstrate their opposition to these bodies), and scholars keen to locate the possibilities for a democratic politics in the context of the state's subsequent diminishment (O'Brien et al., 2000; Scholte, 2001; Patomäki and Teivainen, 2004; Rittberger et al., 2008). One such group of scholars are public sphere theorists, who, taking up an ongoing concern with the conditions for, and criteria of, effective democratic participation in politically authoritative policy debates, and responding to these new dynamics, have begun to define a new research agenda in search of 'transnational public spheres' (Habermas, 1989; Fraser, 1991; Fraser 2007). That is, they have begun to look to the transnational for sites in which those affected by the exercise (or, indeed, absence) of political authority at this level strive to engage that authority in policy debate. In this thesis, I argue for the existence of one such transnational public sphere, which, being both provoked and constituted by the transnational peasant and small farmers social movement La Via Campesina, promises to be institutionally realised by the recently reformed United Nations Committee on World Food Security (CFS). Identifying and exploring key dynamics relevant to the CFS's aspirations for political centrality, inclusivity, and policy debate, moreover, I lay bare the challenges that confront the attainment of this promise.

The Author and the Shepherd: The Paratextual Self-Representations of James Hogg (1807-1835) This project establishes a literary-cultural trajectory in the career of Scottish poet and author James Hogg (1770-1835) through the close reading of his self-representational paratextual material. It argues that these paratexts played an integral part in Hogg’s writing career and, as such, should be considered among his most important works. Previous critics have drawn attention to Hogg’s paratextual self-representations; this project, however, singles them out for comprehensive analysis as literary texts in their own right, comparing and contrasting how Hogg’s use of such material differed from other writers of his period, as well as how his use of it changed and developed as his career progressed. Their wider cultural significance is also considered. Hogg not only used paratextual material to position himself strategically in his literary world but also to question, challenge and undermine some of the dominant socio-cultural paradigms and hierarchies of the early-nineteenth century, not least the role and position of ‘peasant poets’ (such as himself) in society. Hogg utilised self-representational paratextual material throughout his literary career. Unlike other major writers of the period Hogg, a self-taught shepherd, had to justify and explain his position in society as ‘an author’ through these pseudo-autobiographical paratexts, which he attached to most of his works (in such forms as memoirs, introductions, dedications, notes and footnotes, and introductory paragraphs to stories). Via these liminal devices he created and propagated his authorial persona of ‘The Ettrick Shepherd’, whose main function was to draw attention to Hogg’s preeminent place in the traditional world, and to his status as a ‘peasant poet’. It was on the basis of this position that he argued for his place in the Scottish literary world of the early-nineteenth century and, ultimately, in literary history. His paratextual self-representations are thus a crucial element in his literary career. Drawing on Gerard Genette’s description of ‘the paratext’, the authorial theories of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault (along with more recent authorial criticism), as well as autobiographical theory, this project traces Hogg’s changing use of self-representational paratexts throughout his career, from his first major work The Mountain Bard (1807) to his final book of stories Tales of the Wars of Montrose (1835). By reading Hogg’s paratexts closely, this project presents a unique view – from the inside out – of the specific literary world into which Hogg attempted to position himself as an author.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper deals with research about the contributions of High School Rural Family House located in the city of Frederico Westphalen-RS, for the production and social reproduction of the municipality and region, the main actors of this research the young graduates of this institution, which is the main objective of this work. Is justified by the need to diagnose through its graduates unless the latter educator whose adopted teaching methodology is the Pedagogy of Alternation, meets or not your aim to provide an education with full and social, whose principles are grounded in the pursuit of recovery and maintenance activities that guarantee sustainable production and social reproduction replaced over time efficient tools for more economically. The choice of approach with the main actors the young graduates, as well as provided a challenge, a great stimulus to investigate the design, practice and outcomes of work-linked training, as it is believed that the Education Field and the Pedagogy of Alternation are important alternatives for the preservation and maintenance of rural peasant activities in Brazil, in this case particularly the study area. To better understand the reality involving the studied subjects, we chose to use is a qualitative research, understanding that the construction of this science is a social phenomenon. This study sought to answer very specific questions and worries about the level of reality that can not only be quantified, we sought to explore a universe of knowledge, meanings and experiences. / O presente trabalho trata da investigação a cerca das contribuições da Escola de Ensino Médio Casa Familiar Rural localizada no município de Frederico Westphalen-RS, para a produção e reprodução social do município e região, tendo como atores principais desta pesquisa os jovens egressos desta instituição, sendo este o principal objetivo deste trabalho. Justifica-se devido a necessidade de diagnosticar através de seus egressos se esta instituição educadora cuja metodologia de ensino adotada é a Pedagogia da Alternância, atende ou não o seu objetivo de proporcionar uma educação com formação integral e social, cujos princípios estão embasados na busca do resgate e manutenção de atividades sustentáveis que garantam a produção e reprodução social substituídas ao longo do tempo por instrumentos mais rentáveis economicamente. A opção pela abordagem tendo como atores principais os jovens egressos, proporcionou além de um desafio, um grande estímulo para investigar a concepção, a prática e os resultados da formação em alternância, pois acredita-se que a Educação do Campo e a Pedagogia da Alternância são importantes alternativas para a preservação e manutenção da atividade rural campesina no Brasil, neste caso em especial a região estudada. Para melhor compreender a realidade que envolve os sujeitos estudados, optou-se por utilizar-se de uma investigação qualitativa, por entender que a construção desta ciência é um fenômeno social. Este trabalho buscou responde a questões muito particulares e se preocupa com o nível de realidade que não pode ser apenas quantificado, buscou-se explorar um universo de conhecimentos, significações, e experiências.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2588956 bytes, checksum: ad2a10af747de3a947e57b0d52b93eb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study examines peasant family farming from an agroecological perspective. It intends to analyze the changes resulting from the transition from conventional to agro-ecological agriculture in the daily practices of farmers articulated associated with the Network of Agroecological and Solidarity Farmers of the Curu and Aracatia?u Valleys Territory, the locus of this empirical research, and a space which has highlighted the social dynamics of agroecological innovation, as well as articulating environmental exchanges and knowledge development. As a way to further that goal, we seek to identify the forms of social organization previously present in the daily lives of these subjects, in addition to grasping the determinants that lead or led them to adopt agroecology, noting the need to verify the forms of resistance, and the strategies adopted by farmers and how they articulate collectively. Through the historical and dialectical methods, we seek to take the implications of technical modernization of agriculture under the conditions of production and reproduction of peasants and thus situate the emergence of agroecology, a focus that is born as a counterpoint to conventional patterns of agricultural development based on the paradigm of the Green Revolution. We structured this study around the trajectory of agroecological farmers that developed and internalized agroecological practices, processes, and organizational forms. For the analysis, we used theoretical and methodological frameworks from literature related to field research. The systematization and analysis of experiments revealed that agroecological transition is a broad process of change, not restricted to technical matters. We observed changes in production practices, diversification of production and feeding practices, ecological awareness, production autonomy, and organizations formed to face the challenges resulting from the imposition of the dominant agricultural development model that combines environmental degradation, land ownership concentration, and wealth concentration / Esse estudo tem como universo tem?tico a agricultura familiar camponesa na perspectiva agroecol?gica. Pretende analisar as mudan?as decorrentes do processo de transi??o da agricultura convencional para agricultura agroecol?gica no cotidiano dos agricultores e agricultoras articulados ? Rede de Agricultores Agroecol?gicos e Solid?rios do Territ?rio dos Vales do Curu e Aracatia?u, l?cus da pesquisa emp?rica. Como caminho para o aprofundamento desse objetivo, procuramos identificar as formas de organiza??o social anteriormente presentes no cotidiano desses sujeitos, al?m de apreender os determinantes que os levam ou os levaram a adotar a agroecologia, atentando para a necessidade de verificar as formas de resist?ncia e, por fim, as estrat?gias constru?das pelos agricultores e como estas se articulam coletivamente. A tematiza??o da agroecologia coloca-se como uma problem?tica complexa, o que implica em articular a dimens?o sociot?cnica com as lutas sociais e ecol?gicas em resposta ? marginaliza??o e degrada??o impostas pelo modelo de desenvolvimento agr?cola dominante. A partir do m?todo hist?rico e dial?tico, buscamos apanhar as implica??es da moderniza??o t?cnica da agricultura sob as condi??es de produ??o e reprodu??o dos camponeses e, assim, situar a emerg?ncia da agroecologia, enfoque que nasce como contraponto ao padr?o convencional de desenvolvimento agr?cola baseado no paradigma da Revolu??o Verde. Estruturamos o presente estudo em torno das pr?ticas, processos e formas de organiza??o desenvolvidas e internalizadas ao longo da trajet?ria dos agricultores que enveredaram por essa pr?tica. Devido ? especificidade de nosso objeto, optamos pela pesquisa qualitativa e observa??o sistem?tica. Para as an?lises, utilizamos a pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental - referencial te?rico-metodol?gico associadas ? pesquisa de campo. As an?lises das experi?ncias revelaram que a transi??o agroecol?gica ? um processo amplo de mudan?as. Assim, tais mudan?as revelaram-se nas pr?ticas produtivas, na diversifica??o da produ??o e pr?ticas alimentares, na consci?ncia ecol?gica e nas formas de organiza??o constru?das pelos agricultores para enfrentar as dificuldades trazidas pela imposi??o do modelo de desenvolvimento agr?cola dominante que combina degrada??o ambiental, concentra??o fundi?ria e concentra??o de riquezas