Este trabajo titulado “Ejercicio de la función docente utilizando recursos web 2.0 en tres distritos de las regiones Lima, Cusco y Puno”, asumió como objetivo comparar el uso de estos recursos web 2.0 por los docentes del nivel secundario de los referidos distritos para el ejercicio de sus funciones, tanto en la planificación curricular, la ejecución de sus sesiones de aprendizaje y la acción tutorial. El paradigma en el cual se sustentó el presente trabajo es el positivista, bajo un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo y con un nivel descriptivo. Dentro de este nivel, nuestro trabajo se enmarca en el diseño no experimental transeccional. La información se recabó por medio de la técnica de la encuesta, utilizando para ello como instrumento un cuestionario, el cual fue aplicado a los docentes en mención. Se determinó las frecuencias por casos obtenidas a nivel de distritos y dimensiones, en base a las respuestas brindadas por los 86 docentes de Anta, 71 del distrito de San Isidro y 67 del distrito de Sandia. El tratamiento estadístico empleado fue la estadística descriptiva, utilizando para ello el software Statistical Package for the Social S ciences (SPSS). Como consecuencia de lo anterior, se encontró que para la planificación curricular los docentes utilizan recursos como Google, SIAGIE y PerúEduca. En cuanto a la ejecución de sesiones de aprendizaje utilizan los videos de YouTube, Google Form, PerúEduca, animaciones online; y para la acción tutorial PerúEduca, YouTube educación, Hotmail y SIAGIE. Sin embargo, también se encontró que los docentes desconocen o no utilizan un buen número de recursos que ofrece la web 2.0 para el ejercicio de su función. / This work entitled "Practice of the teaching function using web 2.0 resources in three districts of Lima, Cusco and Puno regions", assumed as a goal to compare the use of these Web 2.0 resources for teachers at the secondary level of the districts mentioned to practice its functions, in the three dimensions: curriculum planning, executing their class sessions and tutorial action. The paradigm on which this work was based is the positivist under a quantitative methodological approach and a descriptive level. Within this level, our work is part of the non experimental design. The information was collected through the survey technique, using a questionnaire as an instrument, which was applied to the mentioned teachers. As a result of the above, it was found that curriculum planning for teachers use resources such as Google, SIAGIE and PerúEduca. Regarding the implementation of classroom sessions using YouTube videos, Google Form, PerúEduca, online animations; and the tutorial PerúEduca, YouTube Education, Hotmail and SIAGIE. However, it was also found that teachers are unaware of or do not use a number of resources offered by Web 2.0 for the exercise of its function. This was determined after buying cases frequencies obtained at the district level and size, based on the answers provided by the 86 teachers of Anta, 71 district and 67 San Isidro district of Sandia. The statistical analysis was used descriptive statistics, using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. / Tesis

Teorinėje darbo dalyje išnagrinėta asmeninio pardavimo samprata, asmeninio pardavimo tikslai ir uždaviniai, asmeninio pardavimo proceso etapai, asmeninio pardavimo technikos bei asmeninės pardavėjų savybės pardavimo procese, remiantis lietuvių ir užsienio autorių moksliniais literatūros šaltiniais. Tyrimui atlikti pasirinktas kokybinis tyrimo metodas – stebėjimas. Stebėjime dalyvavo parduotuvių tinklo „Mada vaikams“ 12 pardavėjų. Atlikus stebėjimą nustatyta, kad asmeninio pardavimo proceso etapus naudoja visos pardavėjos, tačiau efektyviausiai naudojami „Susitikimas su klientu“ ir „Prekės pristatymo“ etapai. Stebėjimo metu paaiškėjo, kad darbuotojos geriausiai naudoja neverbaliką ir prezentacijos technikas, o pardavimo procese labiausiai pasireiškusios pardavėjų asmeninės savybės yra prekės išmanymas, dėmesingumas, atkalumas, kantrumas ir lankstumas. Darbo pabaigoje pateiktos išvados ir rekomendacijos, literatūros sąrašas ir priedai. / Based on the scientific references from the Lithuanian and foreign authors the theoretical part of the paper considers the personal sales concept, goals and objectives of personal sales, stages of personal sales process, techniques of personal sales, and personal qualities of the sales assistants taking part in the personal sales process. Observation - the qualitative study method was elected for the purpose. 12 sales assistants of the retail network "Mada vaikams" were observed. The observation study showed that all of the sales assistants were applying elements (stages) of personal sales, however the most efficient ones proved to be the stages "Meet the customer" and "Goods presentation". The study also showed that the assistants were most successful in applying non-verbal and presentation techniques, and the personal qualities of the sales assistants showed during the process were attentiveness, persistence, patience and flexibility. Conclusions and recommendations, list of references and supplements are presented at the closing part of the paper.

Proefschrift--Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen, 1984. / Summary in Dutch. Includes bibliographical references.

The increasing digitalization of society has led to new legal issues related to the protection of personal integrity, particularly the protection of personal data. Digitalization allows for greater possibilities for private individuals to access the personal data of others. As the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is not applicable on treatment of personal data by individuals, there is a risk of a loophole forming allowing breaches of personal integrity committed by individuals.                        This paper clarifies the meaning of the term ‘personal integrity’ in a digital context, focusing on how digital integrity is separate from physical integrity, and which key elements constitute personal integrity, be it physical or digital. The paper also discusses how the term previously has been used in legal documents, notably in the UDHR, the EU Charter (focus on dignity) and Swedish legislation (focus on the personal sphere). Furthermore, the paper examines whether the protection of personal integrity can motivate an infringement of the right to personal autonomy of the individual in question.                        The discussion on personal integrity is followed by an analysis of the protection on a physical and digital level respectively in order to clarify whether the different protections can be considered equivalent, and to what extent it would be appropriate for them to be so. This is done taking into account that strengthening protections of personal information would require limiting the individual’s right to autonomy, which in turn infringes upon their dignity.                       The consequences that can arise by an intrusion of the digital integrity can be serious, wherefore one could argue that the protection thereof should be as strong as the protection from intrusions of the individual’s physical integrity. Should the consequences of intrusion of personal integrity be as strong on both the physical and digital level, then the protection of digital integrity may need to be strengthened. This could potentially require further infringements of the individual’s right to autonomy. Such an infringement must therefore always be preceded by an appropriate proportionality assessment, aiming to find a solution minimizing the total infringement on the rights of the individual.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Start-ups, especially those established out of unemployment, and existing micro businesses experience major difficulties in obtaining funds, both in the start-up or expanding process, around the world. Most entrepreneurs in start-up organisations do not have a credit history, do not possess capital or traditional collateral and lack managerial experience and qualifications. Because mainstream banks perceive them as being too small, new and risky, the required capital amounts are insufficient to cover the banks expenditures and the loan cannot be granted. The end result is that the entrepreneurs remain unemployed and cannot receive investment, which forces them to close their businesses. The banks are unable to prove their creditworthiness in the traditional way and cannot comprehend the entrepreneurs' intentions. In order to create securities and overcome this information gap microlending plays an increasingly significant role. It focuses on people with financial difficulties who are excluded from the traditional capital market. With its innovative methods of creditworthiness assessment, like peer lending, staggered loans and decreasing interest rates, an incentive system is implemented which substitutes collateral and motivates the borrower to repay the loan as scheduled. The borrowers are enabled to invest and start or expand their businesses. The living, income and education standards of people who live in South Africa, particularly in townships, are equal to conditions of a developing country. The existing infrastructure, economical and political situation, on the other hand, would rather classify South Africa as a developed country. Because of this ambivalence it is questionable whether the innovative creditworthiness assessment methods applied in developed countries like those in Europe are applicable in such an environment. In order to evaluate the applicability, the study explains what microlending is and shows its origin, characteristics, creditworthiness assessment methods, differences to traditional banks and other peculiarities. An assessment follows of how three different European microlending organisations, the so-called Microfinance Institutions, work in detail. The self-sufficient and best-practice performing Fundusz Micro in Poland, the French socially aligned Association pour Ie droit a I' initiative Economique and the German as an incubator performing Siebte Saule have been chosen. Results of a survey across Europe will provide further information on how the majority of European Microfinance Institutions have implemented their creditworthiness assessment methods before presenting the South African microlending sector. In conclusion, the applied methods in Europe are discussed in the framework of South African market; considering social, cultural and economical conditions. As assumed, the methods are applicable in general but have to be adjusted in order to be able to provide opportunities to the poorest people. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'Start Ups', veral die wat gestig is waar daar groot werkloosheid heers, asook bestaande mikro besighede ondervind groot probleme in die verkryging van fondse, beide in die 'start-up en uitbreidingsfase. Dit is 'n verskynsel wat dwars oor die wêreld voorkom. Meeste entrepreneurs in 'start up' organisasies het nie die kredietgeskiedenis, nodige kapitaal, tradisionele sekuriteit en/of bestuurservaring en kwalifikasies nie. Kommersiële banke beskou sulke firmas as te klein, en nuut met 'n te hoë risiko aan hulle verbonde omdat die benodigde kapitaal te min is om selfs die bank se uitgawes of die lening te dek, wat beteken dat die entrepeneurs dan werkloos bly of nie kan investeer nie. As gevolg daarvan moet hulle dan hulle besighede sluit. Die Banke kan nie die kredietwaardigheid van die entrepeneurs met tradisionele metodes bewys nie, en kan ook nie die intensies van die entrepeneur bepaal nie. Ten einde die gaping in die mark te vul vir sekuriteite en om die informasiegaping te oorkom, het mikrofinansiering 'n groter rol om te speel. Dit fokus op mense in moeilikheid, wat uitgesluit is van die tradisionele kapitaalmark. Met nuwe innoverende metodes van kredietwaardigheid opsomming, soos 'peer lending', 'staggered loans' en verminderende kredietkoers, is daar 'n sisteem geimplementeer wat sekuriteit vervang en die kredietopnemer motiveer om sy lenings terug te betaal soos geskeduleer. Die kredietopnemer kan dan begin investeer of sy besigheid vergroot. Die lewens en opvoedkundige standaard, inkomste en die armoede van die mense wat in Suid Afrika leef, veral in plakkersdorpe, is soortgelyk aan die omstandighede in ontwikkelende lande. Die huidige ekonomiese infrastruktuur en die politieke situasie aan die ander kant laat Suid Afrika weer kwalifiseer as 'n ontwikkelde land. Weens hierdie ambivalensie is dit te bevraagteken of die nuwe innoverende kredietwaardigheid evalueringsmetodes van toepassing is op ontwikkelende lande in vergeleke met Europese lande waar dit wel onder sulke omstandighede toepaslik is. Om te bepaal of dit van toepassing gemaak kan word op SA omstandighede, verduidelik die studie onder andere wat mikrofinansiering is, asook die oprigting, eienskappe, kredietwaardigheid evalueringsmetodes, en hoe dit van tradisionele banke verskil. Vervolgens word daar dan gekyk hoe drie verskillende Europese mikro banke, die sogenaamde Mikrofinansierders Instansies te werk gaan. Die 'self - sufficient' en beste praktyk word getoets met Fundusz Micro in Pole, die Franse sosialistiese Association pour le droit a I' initiative Economique en die Duitse Siebte Saute. Die resultate van 'n sensus oor Europa sal meer informasie verskaf oor hoe die meerderheid van Europese Mikrofinansierders hulle kredietwaardigheidstoetse implementeer het voor die Suid Afrikaanse sektor voorgestel word. Ten slotte word die toegepaste metodes in Europa bespreek as uitgangspunt vir die Suid-Afrikaanse mark, en daarmee word ook sosiale, kulturele faktore en ekonomiese omstandighede in ag geneem. Daar word ook aangeneem dat die metodes aangepas sal moet word om kanse aan die armste mense in Suid-Afrika te verskaf.

La sociedad del conocimiento y la globalización son fenómenos mundiales que han derivado en grandes impactos en las diversas esferas de la sociedad moderna. Las organizaciones no se han librado de los embates de la modernidad y para hacerles frente requieren que su capital humano cuente con las competencias que les permitan lidiar con las condiciones de cambio e incertidumbre característicos de este momento histórico. Ya no son suficientes los conocimientos desarrollados en la universidad, si estos no se convierten en desempeños idóneos para resolver problemas en los cuales competencias genéricas como la comunicación, el trabajo en equipo y la resolución de problemas son indispensables. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la percepción de los egresados de una carrera de ingeniería de sistemas sobre las competencias genéricas que les demandó su experiencia de inserción laboral. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa en la que se utilizó el método fenomenológico a fin de aproximarnos a la experiencia de los egresados desde sus propias vivencias. Dada la naturaleza de la investigación, se trabajó con entrevistas a profundidad con un grupo reducido de informantes. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron conocer que el espacio laboral fue percibido como exigente y complejo. El trabajo les presentó desafíos frente a los cuales se sintieron confiados de sus conocimientos técnicos, pero necesitaron del dominio de competencias genéricas para superarlos. Las competencias genéricas más demandadas fueron la comunicación, el trabajo en equipo, el liderazgo, el autoaprendizaje y la resolución de problemas. Los resultados del estudio recomiendan a la universidad revisar su propuesta formativa, a fin de recuperar el enfoque por competencias que declara, para brindar una formación más integral. Asimismo, los resultados invitan a las universidades, en general, a establecer canales de coordinación con el mundo del trabajo para conocer sus necesidades y proveer a sus egresados. / Tesis

Pirmoje darbo dalyje aptariama asmens privataus gyvenimo ir jo neliečiamumo samprata ir turinys šiuolaikinėje nacionalinėje konstitucinėje, baudžiamojoje, administracinėje bei civilinėje, taip pat tarptautinėje teisėje, analizuojamos šios teisės užtikrinimo bei ribojimo teisinės priemonės, bei jų reglamentavimas šiandieninėje Lietuvos teisėje. Antrojoje darbo dalyje pateikiama asmens privataus gyvenimo neliečiamumo baudžiamoji teisinė charakteristika, visų pirma analizuojant baudžiamojo įstatymo uždraustų veikų, nukreiptų prieš asmens privataus gyvenimo neliečiamumą, sudėtis bei aptariant baudžiamąją teisinę kvalifikaciją. Trečiojoje darbo dalyje pateikiama praktinio sociologinio tyrimo bei kriminalinės statistikos rezultatų apžvalga, bei šių duomenų analizės metu nustatytos veikų, nukreiptų prieš asmens privataus gyvenimo neliečiamumą, baudžiamumo vertinimas skirtingų visuomenės grupių atstovų tarpe, išskiriant baudžiamosios atsakomybės už šios kategorijos nusikaltimus baudžiamojo teisinio vertinimo (kvalifikacijos) bei praktinio taikymo, taip pat šių veikų kriminalizavimo vertinimo problemas, pateikiant pasiūlymus galimam jų sprendimui. / The first part of the paper is analysing the concept and content of immunity of personal privacy in present national Constitutional, Criminal, Administrative and Civil law, as well as in International law. As well legal restriction of this right and regulations of these legal measures in nowadays Lithuania law being analysed. Second part of the paper describes criminal legal characteristics of actions against immunity of personal privacy focusing on analysis of criminal composition of offences directed against immunity of personal privacy as well discussing its criminal qualification. The third part of presented work reveals data gained during sociological research and observing results of criminal statistic concerning the offences against immunity of personal privacy and the way groups of society ranks these offences as a criminal, emphasizing problems related with theirs criminal qualification and evaluation as well as with the attitude of different groups of society about criminalisation of these kind of offences. At the end of presented paper suggestions on solving revealed problems being presented.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama individualizuoto asmeninio pardavimo telemarketingo įmonėje, tema. Tiriamą problemą apibūdina klausimas: Ar individualizuotas asmeninis pardavimas turi įtakos pardavimo rezultatams? Šis darbas susideda iš įvado, dviejų pagrindinių dalių, išvadų, asmeninio pardavimo gerinimo rekomendacijų, literatūros sąrašo ir priedų. / Master's thesis analyzes the theme of individualized marketing in Telemarketing Company. The relevant issue describes the question: Can an individualized personal sales influence sales results? This work consists of an introduction, two major parts, conclusions, recommendations for a personal marketing improvement, references and appendices.

Personal digital records are one of the most underrepresented areas of archival theory and practice. Documentary forms created by private persons have long been victim of a poverty of professional attention, and much of the literature on the appraisal and preservation of records has tended to focus on those generated by government and other organizational entities. And strategies developed for the archival management of digital records have similarly placed strong emphasis on business functions or corporate transactions as the primary unit of analysis. This scholastic deficit has severely impaired the ability of the archivist to comprehend and effectively meet the many challenges of archiving personal records in the digital age. This thesis demonstrates how investigations of the original context of creation and use of records in contemporary personal computing environments are integral to the development of comprehensive strategies for the capture and preservation of personal digital archives. It is within these digital domains that archivists come to see cultures of personal recordkeeping, private appraisal decisions based on unique designations of value, and the complexities of both online and offline personal digital preservation strategies. A keen understanding of how individuals create and preserve their digital records across time and space should be of the utmost importance to archivists for, if nothing else, these pre-custodial activities are the principal sites of archival provenance. Chapter one discusses past and present responses to both paper-based and electronic personal archives. The discussion begins with the definition of the personal record as essentially non-archival by early leading archival theorists and how these definitions, though first advanced in the early to mid-twentieth century, continue to find resonance in contemporary archival ideas and institutional mandates. This chapter then illustrates how ideas predicated on the management of electronic government records, and metadata standards developed for formalized electronic recordkeeping systems, are not easily transposed to personal domains. Chapter two takes a critical look at the often oversimplified personal digital archiving environment to expose the many nuances in the context of creation and use of records by individuals in the digital era. Chapter three explores a number of emerging approaches to the professional archiving of personal digital records and reveals how the proper management of these materials requires multiple hardware and software applications, concise acquisition strategies and preservation methodologies, and diligent front-end work to ensure personal digital records cross the threshold of archival repositories. The thesis concludes with a summary of the main arguments and collates the best ideas, approaches, and technologies reviewed throughout to propose a hypothetical strategy for archiving personal digital records in the present. This thesis argues that significantly more work with records creators earlier in the record creation process must be done when archiving personal digital records because more proactive measures are required to capture and preserve these materials than was previously the case with paper-based or analog documentary forms.

Personal digital records are one of the most underrepresented areas of archival theory and practice. Documentary forms created by private persons have long been victim of a poverty of professional attention, and much of the literature on the appraisal and preservation of records has tended to focus on those generated by government and other organizational entities. And strategies developed for the archival management of digital records have similarly placed strong emphasis on business functions or corporate transactions as the primary unit of analysis. This scholastic deficit has severely impaired the ability of the archivist to comprehend and effectively meet the many challenges of archiving personal records in the digital age. This thesis demonstrates how investigations of the original context of creation and use of records in contemporary personal computing environments are integral to the development of comprehensive strategies for the capture and preservation of personal digital archives. It is within these digital domains that archivists come to see cultures of personal recordkeeping, private appraisal decisions based on unique designations of value, and the complexities of both online and offline personal digital preservation strategies. A keen understanding of how individuals create and preserve their digital records across time and space should be of the utmost importance to archivists for, if nothing else, these pre-custodial activities are the principal sites of archival provenance. Chapter one discusses past and present responses to both paper-based and electronic personal archives. The discussion begins with the definition of the personal record as essentially non-archival by early leading archival theorists and how these definitions, though first advanced in the early to mid-twentieth century, continue to find resonance in contemporary archival ideas and institutional mandates. This chapter then illustrates how ideas predicated on the management of electronic government records, and metadata standards developed for formalized electronic recordkeeping systems, are not easily transposed to personal domains. Chapter two takes a critical look at the often oversimplified personal digital archiving environment to expose the many nuances in the context of creation and use of records by individuals in the digital era. Chapter three explores a number of emerging approaches to the professional archiving of personal digital records and reveals how the proper management of these materials requires multiple hardware and software applications, concise acquisition strategies and preservation methodologies, and diligent front-end work to ensure personal digital records cross the threshold of archival repositories. The thesis concludes with a summary of the main arguments and collates the best ideas, approaches, and technologies reviewed throughout to propose a hypothetical strategy for archiving personal digital records in the present. This thesis argues that significantly more work with records creators earlier in the record creation process must be done when archiving personal digital records because more proactive measures are required to capture and preserve these materials than was previously the case with paper-based or analog documentary forms.