Диссертация посвящена исследованию фразеологизмов, номинирующих и характеризующих язык и речь. На материале лексикографических источников предложена непротиворечивая методика, позволившая описать тематическую группу «Речь человека и речевое общение». Наряду с фразеологическими сращениями, единствами, сочетаниями выделены списки фразеологизированных высказываний, функционирующих в русских диалогах как отдельные реплики, выявлены конвенциональные принципы русской коммуникации. Сделаны наблюденияи обобщения, связанные с интерпретацией русско-вьетнамских фразеологических аналогий. / The object of the dissertation is phraseology which names and characterizes language and speech. On the basis of lexicographical data there has been put forward a non-controversial method which may help to describe the thematic group “Human speech and communication.” Together with phraseological fusions, unities and combinations, there have been distinguished a number of phraseological utterances, functioning in Russian dialogues as separate lines. Certain conventional principles of Russian communication have been found out. The dissertation provides observations and generalizations connected with interpreting Russian – Vietnamese phraseological analogies.

Магистерская работа посвящена сопоставительному изучению русских и китайских фразеологизмов со значением “эмоциональное состояние человека”. Основное внимание в работе уделяется выявлению национально-специфического своеобразия фразеологических единиц русского и китайского языков. Магистерская работа состоит из введения, 3 глав и заключения. Первая глава посвящена изучению теоретической основы сопоставительного исследования фразеологии. Во второй главе определяется содержание и структура ФЕ со значением эмоционального состояния русского и китайского языков. В третьей главе выявляются особенности создания образности в русских и китайских ФЕ, обозначающих эмоциональное состояние человека. В заключении делаются выводы о национально-специфических особенностях ФЕ двух разных языков. / Master's thesis is devoted to the comparative study of the Russian and Chinese phraseological units about "emotional state". The main attention is paid to identify national characteristics of phraseological units of Russian and Chinese languages. Master's thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters and conclusions. The first chapter is devoted to the theoretical basis of the comparative study of phraseology. The second chapter defines the content and structure of phraseological units about the emotional state of the Russian and Chinese languages. In the third chapter we identified the features of representing imagery in Russian and Chinese idioms about the emotional state. The conclusions is drawn on the national specifics of phraseological units in two different languages.

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы – «Зоологический код в обеспечении межкультурной / межъязыковой коммуникации (на примере фразеологических единиц с компонентом зоонимом в китайском, русском и английском языках)». Цель данного исследования – выявить национально-культурные и универсальные составляющие зоологического кода на примере фразеологизмов с компонентом-зоонимом в китайском, русском и английском языках, способствующие обеспечению адекватного переводческого процесса при межкультурной коммуникации в обозначенной триаде языков. Объектом исследования данной работы являются фразеологические единицы с компонентом-зоонимом в китайском, русском и английском языках. В исследовании используется сопоставительный метод, позволяющий определить национально-культурные и универсальные образно-коннотативные особенности фразеологических единиц с компонентом-зоонимом в трёх вышеупомянутых языках. / The topic of the present graduation thesis is “Zoological code in ensuring intercultural / interlingual communication (on the example of phraseological units with zoonym in Chinese, Russian and English)”. The purpose of the investigation lies in revealing the national-cultural and universal components of the zoological code using the example of phraseological units with zoonym in Chinese, Russian and English, which contribute to ensuring an adequate translation process for intercultural communication in the three languages. The subject of the research is phraseological units with zoonym in Chinese, Russian and English. The research uses a comparative method to determine the national-cultural and universal figuratively connotative features of phraseological units with zoonym in the three above-mentioned languages. The results of the research may be used in the process of mutual translation between Chinese, English, and Russian languages; in lexicographic practice for compiling a trilingual dictionary of zoonyms; in the classes of linguoculturology and intercultural communication, as well as for the purpose of teaching Russian to foreign students.

En esta investigación se aborda el tratamiento de la fraseología periférica y, más específicamente, de la clase de las Unidades Fraseológicas Pragmáticas (UFP), en la enseñanza y aprendizaje del español y del italiano como lenguas extranjeras. Ante el papel que esta unidades juegan en el desarrollo de las competencias fraseológica y comunicativa global, así como las lagunas que, a pesar del creciente interés que despiertan los estudios fraseológicos, siguen afectando a esta parcela, nuestro objetivo es definir las especificidades que su didáctica implica y proponer un acercamiento práctico a la misma. Valiéndonos del marco metodológico de la Investigación en la Acción Educativa combinado con un análisis cualitativo-interpretativo, hemos diseñado y testado en el aula un modelo didáctico operativo, llamado Modelo Fraseológico-Pragmático (Mo.Fra.P.), a través del cual planteamos unos recursos y procedimientos, tanto lingüístico-fraseológicos como pedagógicos, susceptibles de ser aplicados al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las UFP. / This dissertation analyzes the treatment of the peripheral area of the phraseological repertoire, especially Phraseological-Pragmatic Units (UFP), in the teaching environment of Spanish and Italian as foreign languages. This work describes the specificities of UFP pedagogy and, especially, provides a practical approach to it, considering the role played by these units in students’ development of phraseological competence and, consequently, in their global communicative competence, as well as the gaps that, despite increasing interest in phraseological studies, continue to affect this area. Making use of the Action Research framework combined with a qualitative/interpretive analysis, the author designed and tested an operative model, called Phraseological-Pragmatic Model (Mo.Fra.P.), with students in class, by means of suggesting linguistic-phraseological and didactic resources and methods, that can be applied to the teaching and learning of UFP. / Nel presente studio si analizza il trattamento riservato alla fraseologia periferica, in particolare alle Unità Fraseologico-Pragmatiche (UFP), nell’ambito dell’insegnamento e apprendimento dello spagnolo e dell’italiano como lingue straniere. Tenendo conto del ruolo che queste unità svolgono ai fini dello sviluppo della competenza fraseologica y comunicativa globale e, allo stesso tempo, delle lacune che, nonostante il crescente interesse suscitato dagli studi fraseologici, permangono in questa area, l’obiettivo è definire le specificità che la didattica delle UFP implica e proporre un approccio pratico alla medesima. Servendoci della metodologia della ricerca nell’azione educativa combinata con un’indagine qualitativo-interpretativa, abbiamo disegnato e testato in aula un modello didattico operativo, che prende il nome di Modello Fraseologico-Pragmatico (Mo.Fra.P.), mediante il quale proponiamo una serie di risorse e procedimenti, linguistico-fraseologici e pedagogici, da applicarsi nell’ambito del processo di insegnamento e apprendimento delle UFP.

ASSUNÇÃO, Ana Raquel Montenegro. Estudo das unidades fraseológicas na linguagem forense dos juízes federais. 2007. 212f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Linguística) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza-CE, 2007. / Submitted by nazareno mesquita (nazagon36@yahoo.com.br) on 2012-06-19T18:06:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_diss_ ARMAssunção.pdf: 1714276 bytes, checksum: dcab93fb238ffe67117dd97bf73bcfaf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-08-03T16:53:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_diss_ ARMAssunção.pdf: 1714276 bytes, checksum: dcab93fb238ffe67117dd97bf73bcfaf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-03T16:53:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_diss_ ARMAssunção.pdf: 1714276 bytes, checksum: dcab93fb238ffe67117dd97bf73bcfaf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / This work aims at analyzing the phraseology of the judicial discourse. The corpus has been built upon decisions pronounced by judges of the Federal Court in the State of Ceará in lawsuits filed in 1999, 2001, 2003 and 2005. Communicative Theory of Terminology has been chosen as the framework for this research, thus meaning that lexical, syntactic and discursive criteria were taken into account in the process of identifying and categorizing the phraseological units. For data analysis, two instruments have been employed: the software WordSmith Tools v. 4.0 and phraseological unit files, which were used for classifying the phrases according to their function in the texts. The results suggest that phraseology in judicial discourse is manifested by means of collocations, clauses and discursive formulas. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as unidades fraseológicas do discurso forense manifestado nos despachos, decisões interlocutórias e sentenças proferidos pelos juízes das varas cíveis comuns da Justiça Federal no Ceará em processos protocolados nos anos de 1999, 2001, 2003 e 2005. Inserindo-se no paradigma da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (TCT), o estudo dessas estruturas sintagmáticas transmissoras de conhecimento especializado abrangeu sua identificação e categorização segundo critérios morfossintáticos e pragmáticos e segundo a função que exercem no texto especializado. Para realizar a análise, dois instrumentos de pesquisa foram utilizados: o programa de computador WordSmith Tools v.4.0. e fichas que permitiram averiguar a exatidão dos dados gerados pelo software e categorizar as estruturas fraseológicas segundo a função que exercem nos textos. Os resultados apontam que as unidades fraseológicas do discurso forense se manifestam na forma de colocações e de enunciados completos, bem como de fórmulas discursivas de abertura e de fechamento.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-05-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 orenha_a_dr_sjrp.pdf: 2083225 bytes, checksum: d8f591d9558b95f175aa9e7d6591f835 (MD5) / Esta pesquisa visa realizar um estudo a respeito dos termos, colocações e colocações especializadas estendidas presentes em contratos sociais e estatutos sociais que representam os corpora de pesquisa. Nesta pesquisa, também observaremos as semelhanças e diferenças nos corpora de traduções jurídicas e juramentadas, no que concerne ao uso desses termos e padrões lexicais, assim como apontaremos aqueles que são mais frequentemente empregados em documentos do tipo contrato social e estatuto social. A investigação baseia-se na abordagem interdisciplinar dos Estudos da Tradução Baseados em Corpus, da Linguística de Corpus, da Fraseologia, de modo mais específico das colocações, das colocações especializadas e das unidades fraseológicas especializadas. A Terminologia, por meio de seus pressupostos teóricos, também traz sua contribuição para a pesquisa, assim como os trabalhos sobre a tradução juramentada. Uma das motivações que delineia este estudo reside no fato de a tradução juramentada ser considerada de grande relevância nas relações comerciais, sociais e jurídicas entre as nações. Para realizar este estudo, compilamos um corpus de estudo (CE1) constituído por contratos sociais e estatutos sociais traduzidos no modo juramentado, nas direções tradutórias inglês português e português inglês, extraídos de Livros de Registro de Traduções, pertencentes a tradutores juramentados credenciados pela Junta Comercial de dois Estados brasileiros; e um corpus de estudo (CE2) formado por documentos de mesma natureza traduzidos sem o processo de juramentação, nas mesmas direções tradutórias. Além destes corpora, construímos dois corpora comparáveis, formados pelos referidos documentos originalmente escritos em português e em inglês. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostraram várias semelhanças, no tocante aos termos empregados em documentos traduzidos... / This investigation aims at carrying out a study on terms, collocations and extended specialized collocations present in articles of incorporation/articles of organization/articles of association and bylaws that represent our research corpora. We will also observe similarities and differences in sworn and legal translation corpora, which concerns the use of such terms and lexical patterns, as well as point out the ones which are more frequently used in the focused documents. This research derives its theoretical and methodological sources from Corpus-Based Translation Studies, Corpus Linguistics, Phraseology, more specifically from collocations, specialized collocations and specialized phraseological units (SPUs). Terminology, from its theoretical standpoint, also offers its contribution to this study, as well as essays on sworn translation. One of the aspects that motivates this study is the fact that sworn translation is considered to be of great relevance to commercial, social and legal relations among nations. To conduct this research, we compiled a study corpus (CE1) composed of articles of incorporation/articles of organization/articles of association and bylaws submitted to the process of sworn translation in the English Portuguese and Portuguese English directions, excerpted from the Books of Sworn Translation Records, made available by five Brazilian sworn translators, duly sworn by the Board of Trade of two Brazilian States; a study corpus (CE2) made up of documents of the same nature not submitted to the process of sworn translation, in the same translation directions. Besides these corpora, we also built two comparable corpora formed by the referred documents originally written in Portuguese and in English. The results obtained in this research showed some similarities which refer to the terms used in documents submitted to the process of sworn translation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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在英文學術論文寫作上，引述動詞在文獻的重述、引用等方面扮演著重要的角色。透過引述動詞的使用，寫作者能更清晰、有力的陳述其論點。目前雖有許多關於引述動詞在句子中表達評論語氣與修辭功能的探討，但卻少有研究提及短語詞組的使用情形。引述動詞短語詞組的進一步探究能使學生在建構學術論述寫作的同時，對於經常與之共現的搭配字詞、句構有更敏銳的覺察能力。本研究從語意及句式兩方面著手，觀察常與PROPOSE和SUGGEST兩個高頻近義引述動詞共現的字詞與詞組。此二動詞所具有的共通點為：(一)字義上皆可表示「提出某事以作進一步考量」、(二)經常用於降低或弱化陳述句中的肯定語氣。本研究的目的在於釐清這兩個近義引述動詞的特點，並更完善地歸納出它們各自所偏好的短語詞組。 本研究的研究工具為擁有近四十五億詞彙的當代美式英文語料庫(Corpus of Contemporary American English)，蒐集了其中PROPOSE 和SUGGEST於學術寫作中的相關語料，以觀察此二動詞的不同詞形(V-base型、V-s型、V-ed型與V-ing型)在句子中的表現。至於本研究的分析則分成了三個部分：(一) PROPOSE 和SUGGEST的語法模組、(二) PROPOSE 和SUGGEST的搭配中，有生命性或無生命性的主詞在主要語法模組中的分布情形、(三) PROPOSE 和SUGGEST後的受詞語義分類。量化分析之餘，本研究也引進了語料庫中的索引行(concordance line)以進一步展示PROPOSE及SUGGEST出現的語言環境，分析模組在不同語境中的特點。 研究結果顯示此二動詞的用法有許多相異之處。SUGGEST具有強烈明確傾向與that子句共同出現，而PROPOSE和that子句共現的機率與其和名詞片語共現的機率相近；除此之外，PROPOSE較常與有生命性的主詞共現，SUGGEST則是偏好與無生命性的主詞共現。至於受詞方面，我們發現PROPOSE後的受詞，多屬「認知觀點」、「方法」、「規則」等語義類別，而 SUGGEST後的受詞則多與「可能性」、「狀態」、「性質特徵」有關，以上的對比結果使我們發現，在學術英文寫作中，PROPOSE通常表「提供計畫或行動供他人參考決定」，而SUGGEST則通常表「傳達可能的推論或概念」。我們也發現此二動詞若是以不同詞形呈現時，偏好的字詞也不同。舉例來說，[suggest that-clause]偏好與表達「研究結果」意義相關的主詞共現，[suggests that-clause]則多與表「研究文獻」有關之主詞一同出現。整體而言，若我們從功能的角度出發，PROPOSE通常用於表示某人提出、建議某事項，SUGGEST則多用於詮釋解讀本研究結果或先前文獻中所提出之觀點。 本研究結果揭示了近義詞間短語詞組使用上的不同，並且也證實了當動詞以不同詞形呈現時會選擇不同的搭配，產生不同的語境。本研究透過系統化分析近義引述動詞的搭配情形，期許能為語言教學教材設計及未來與動詞共現詞組相關之研究帶來啟發與助益。 / Reporting verbs are important in academic research papers for paraphrasing and reviewing previous studies to support a writer’s positions. While a large number of studies have been carried out to investigate the evaluative potential and rhetorical functions of reporting verbs in citations, comparatively little research has focused on the phraseological patterns of particular common reporting verbs, the exploration of which can be beneficial in raising student awareness of the recurrent associations of words and structures of reporting in academic written discourse. This study aims at examining the syntactic and semantic environments of two frequent near-synonymous reporting verbs, PROPOSE and SUGGEST. According to Hyland (1998a) and Hinkel (2016), PROPOSE and SUGGEST both can mean ‘putting forward something for consideration’ and are frequently applied to mitigate the certainty of a statement (e.g., Hyland, 1998a; Hinkel, 2016). We expect to distinguish the two verbs from each other and offer a more comprehensive phraseological profile of them in academic writing. We used the subcorpus of academic writing in the 450 million-word Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) as the source data to investigate the performance of PROPOSE and SUGGEST in V-base form, V-s form, V-ed form, and V-ing form. Based on the corpus, the analysis focused on three aspects: (1) the grammatical patterns of PROPOSE and SUGGEST; (2) the distribution of animate and inanimate subjects of the dominant patterns of PROPOSE and SUGGEST; (3) the semantic classification of the objects of PROPOSE and SUGGEST. In addition to the quantitative methods, qualitative-based concordance line analysis was also implemented to reveal the characteristics of the broader stretches of discourse where PROPOSE and SUGGEST occur. The results show that the two reporting verbs are distinct from each other. While SUGGEST has a rather strong propensity for co-occurring with that-clause, for PROPOSE, the possibilities of co-appearing with a simple noun object and with a that-clause are similar. In addition, PROPOSE is more likely to have animate subjects, whereas SUGGEST prefers inanimate subjects. As for the simple noun objects of the two verbs, a large number of instances occurring with PROPOSE systematically belong to the semantic groups of COGNITION, METHOD, and STANDARD; SUGGEST shows more preference for POSSIBILITY nouns, STATE nouns, QUALITY nouns and RELATION nouns. The inter-comparison of the results of PROPOSE and SUGGEST suggests that, in academic writing, PROPOSE usually carries the sense of ‘to offer a plan or action for others to consider’, whereas SUGGEST tends to mean ‘to communicate or show an idea, which is likely to be true’. Moreover, the differences across four word forms of PROPOSE and SUGGEST were also identified. It was found that [suggest that-clause] prefers subjects referring to research results, but [suggests that-clause] occurs with the subjects referring to articles or studies on a particular topic more frequently. Overall, in terms of functions, PROPOSE is mainly used for describing the action of offering something as a choice for people to think carefully; SUGGEST, in contrast, serves to interpret a research finding or present an argument suggested by previous studies and literature. The present study sheds light on the phraseological difference between synonyms. It has also proved that different word forms of the same lemma have different choices of collocations and phraseologies. The research findings will contribute to the teaching and research of English for academic purposes since they provide a systematic analysis of the different habitual collocations of two frequent and similar reporting verbs in research articles. We believe this study will bring some insights to the designs of language teaching materials and can serve as the basis for future studies on the co-occurrence patterns and phraseologies of verbs.

Le travail de recherche mené dans cette thèse porte sur les discours et l’emploi de formules discursives d’ordre phraséologique prononcés par le président colombien Álvaro Uribe Vélez lors des Conseils Communaux de Gouvernance pendant ses deux mandats de présidence (du mois d’août 2002 jusqu’au mois de juillet 2010). L’objectif est d’étudier le rôle de ces Unités Discursives à Caractère Phraséologique dans les discours. Ces unités ont été extraites, décrites, analysées et caractérisées à l’aide du logiciel Lexico 3 et des différentes méthodes lexicométriques proposées par celui-ci: index, concordances, inventaire distributionnel, analyse factorielle des correspondances et spécificités. Le premier chapitre présente le contexte historique, politique et la présidence d’Á. Uribe Vélez. Nous proposons une présentation de la situation socio-politique de l’Amérique latine et de la Colombie et du locuteur politique avant et pendant sa présidence. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à l’exploration de l’analyse du discours politique et des caractéristiques particulières qui le définissent. Nous proposons une analyse de deux types de discours politiques différents en fonction du destinataire. Cette analyse permet de mettre en évidence plusieurs stratégies mises en place dans ce type de discours : la construction d’une image de chaque intervenant et l’emploi d’un système de croyances communes utilisé comme moyen de persuasion. Le troisième chapitre a comme objectif de présenter l’état de l’art de la recherche menée en phraséologie tant en français qu’en espagnol. Ce panorama nous permet de mettre en avance une description et délimitation des unités qui nous intéressent. Le quatrième chapitre se focalise sur le processus de constitution du corpus et la présentation des différentes caractéristiques lexicométriques du corpus d’étude. Le cinquième chapitre explore les chronologies thématiques du corpus d’étude, mises en évidence grâce à des méthodes lexicométriques complémentaires. Enfin, le sixième chapitre aborde la phraséologie des discours du président colombien à partir des stratégies discursives mises en place par le locuteur politique. / This thesis focuses on the speeches and the use of speech formulae considered phraseological delivered by Colombian President Álvaro Uribe Vélez in the Communal Councils of Governance during his two presidential terms in office (from August 2002 until July 2010). The objective is to study the role of these phraseological units in the speeches. The units were extracted, described, analyzed and characterized using the software Lexico 3 and the different lexicometrical methods proposed by this software: index, table of matches, distributionnal inventory, factor analysis of correspondences and calculation of specificities. The first chapter presents the historical and political context and the presidency of Á. Uribe Vélez. We offer an overview of the socio-political situation in Latin America and especially in Colombia and the political speaker before and during his presidency. The second chapter is devoted to the exploration of the analysis of political discourse and special features that define it. We propose an analysis of two different types of political discourse depending on the recipient. This analysis allows us to highlight several strategies implemented in this type of discourse: building an image of each participant and the use of a common system of beliefs used as a means of persuasion. The objective of the third chapter is to provide an overview of the state of the art of research in phraseology in both French and Spanish. This view allows us to advance a description and definition of units of our interest. The fourth chapter focuses on the process of constitution of the corpus and the presentation of different lexicometrical characteristics of the corpus of study. The fifth chapter explores the thematic chronologies of our corpus, highlighted by complementary lexicometrical methods. Finally, the sixth chapter discusses the phraseology of the discourse of Colombian president taking into account the discursive strategies implemented by the political speaker.