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Darbo objektas – fizinio aktyvumo, sveikatos bei savęs vertinimo ryšys su laiku, praleidžiamu prie TV ir kompiuterio. Tyrimo problema. Medikams ir sveikatos specialistams nerimą kelia blogėjanti moksleivių sveikata (Zaborskis ir Makari, 2001; Goštautas ir Šeibokaitė, 2006; Zaborskis ir Vareikienė, 2008). Lyginant Lietuvos 1994 ir 1998 metų tyrimo duomenis su kitų šalių duomenimis, nustatyta didelė nepakankamai fiziškai aktyvių paauglių dalis. Lietuva, pagal nepakankamai fiziškai aktyvių moksleivių dalį, užima paskutiniąsias vietas (Zaborskis ir Makari, 2001). Daugėja moksleivių, laiką leidžiančių prie kompiuterio ir televizoriaus ekranų. 2002 metų tyrimo duomenimis, 50,4 proc. Lietuvos berniukų ir 64,4 proc. mergaičių yra nepakankamai fiziškai aktyvūs (Zaborskis ir Lenciauskienė, 2006). Tyrimų duomenimis maždaug kas trečias (32,2 proc.) 11, 13 ir 15 metų moksleivis savo sveikatą vertina patenkinamai arba blogai (Zaborskis ir Vareikien, 2008). Nepakankamo fizinio aktyvumo ir sveikatos sutrikimų priežasčių reikėtų ieškoti analizuojant šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje populiariausių informacinių technologijų, tokių kaip televizija ir kompiuteris, naudojimo paplitimą tarp moksleivių. Esami tyrimų rezultatai pagrindžia problemos aktualumą ir skatina šios srities mokslinius tyrimus. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti moksleivių fizinio aktyvumo, sveikatos bei savęs vertinimo ryšį su laiku, praleidžiamu prie TV ir kompiuterio. Darbo uždaviniai: 1) Nustatyti moksleivių fizinį aktyvumą lyties... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of work – relation of physical activity, health and self-evaluation with time spent at TV and computer. Problem of research. Doctors and health experts have worries about the worsening health of students (Zaborskis and Makari, 2001; Goštautas and Šeibokaitė, 2006; Zaborskis and Vareikienė, 2008). When comparing the research data of 1994 and 1998 with the data in other countries, a big part of physically inactive students has been observed. According to the part of physically inactive students, Lithuania takes the last places (Zaborskis and Makari, 2001). The number of students spending time at the computer and TV is increasing. According to the 2002 research, 50,4 per cent of Lithuania’s boys and 64,4 per cent of Lithuania’s girls are not sufficiently active (Zaborskis and Lenciauskienė, 2006). According to the survey, nearly every third (32.2 per cent) of students aged 11, 13 and 15 evaluate their health as satisfactory or bad (Zaborskis and Vareikienė, 2008). Such results show the actuality of the problem and encourage research in this field. The lack of physical activity and health disorders reasons must be sought in today's society information technologies such as analyze the prevalence of use television and computer among school children. Current research results support the relevance of the problemandencourage research in this area. Aim of work - to define the relation of physical activity, health and self-evaluation with time spent at TV and computer. Objectives... [to full text]

This thesis includes four papers based on three different prospective cohort studies on injury characteristics in men’s professional football. The same general methodology was used in all papers. Time-loss injuries and player individual exposure was registered for match and training separately. The general aim was to investigate potential internal and external risk factors for injury, with a focus on age, playing position, time in professional football, playing surface (artificial turf and natural grass), changes between surfaces and climate; and to evaluate the study methodology. Paper I was based on data collected between 2001 and 2010 from 26 top professional clubs in Europe; the UCL injury study. In total, 6140 injuries and 797 389 hours of exposure were registered. A decreased general injury rate was observed for newcomers compared with established players (hazard ratio (HR), 0.77; 95% CI 0.61-0.99). Using goalkeepers as a reference, all outfield playing positions had significantly higher age-adjusted injury rates. Using players aged ≤ 21 years as a reference, the overall adjusted injury rate increased with age, with a peak injury rate among players aged 29 to 30  years (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.24-1.68). Paper II and Paper III are based on data collected during two consecutive seasons, 2010 and 2011, in the Swedish and Norwegian male first leagues. In total, 2186 injuries and 367 490 hours of football exposure were recorded. No statistically significant differences were found in acute injury rates on artificial turf (AT) compared with natural grass (NG) during match play (rate ratio, 0.98, 99% CI 0.79-1.22) or training (rate ratio 1.14, 99% CI 0.86-1.50) when analysing at the individual player level. However, when analysing at the club level, clubs with AT installed at their home arena had a significantly higher acute training injury rate (rate ratio 1.31, 99% CI 1.04-1.63) and overuse injury rate (rate ratio 1.38, 99% CI 1.14-1.65) compared to clubs with NG installed at their home venue. No association was found between frequent surface shifts and subsequent overuse injury risk (risk ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.91-1.12). Analyses on the total cohort showed no difference in injury rates between clubs in the two climate zones (total rate ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.92-1.10). Data included in Paper IV were collected during two consecutive seasons 2008 and 2009. During this period, two Norwegian elite football clubs were concurrently included in two research groups’ surveillance systems. The capture rate for match injuries was similar between the two audits, while the capture rate for training injuries was slightly higher with individual-based exposure recording. The inter-rater agreement in injury variable categorisations was in most aspects very high.

This creative project focuses on the research, planning, design and field-testing of a kit of basic architectural elements that can be used to build simple spaces and small constructions. These elements are reusable, easy to handle, and allow for a nearly infinite number of configurations.The environment in which the system was developed is a setting of an improvisational outdoor theatre, called 'Live-Action-Role-playing-Games'- (LARP). Therefore the system does not provide a high quality indoor space, but rather focuses on the critical requirements of theatrical stages, such as flexibility, ease of erection and variety. Additionally, the system dealt with the pragmatic issues of affordability and cost-effectiveness.The design process commenced with great attention being paid to the very special requirements of LARP and attempting to test initial assumptions. It included two surveys of LARP participants and use of charrettes to incorporate users input into the design process. Prototype elements were then constructed and field-tested during a full-scale replication of an actual LARP-event over afour-day testing period.Following this an evaluation was made, lessons were learned, and the information gained was incorporated in to the final design.This document then records the entire design process and concludes with extensive documentation of the system. / Department of Architecture

Aktualumas: Žaidėjų ir komandos tobulėjimo vyksmo išdava yra tam tikras žaidėjų ir komandos parengtumas (Bompa, 1999; Buceta, 2000; Stonkus, 2002). Kurčiųjų krepšinio treniruočių teorijai ir praktikai bei žaidiminei veiklai tobulinti svarbu moksliškai tyrinėti bei susisteminti Lietuvos kurčiųjų krepšininkų fizinio parengtumo, jų varžybinės veiklos ypatumus 2007 m. II-jame ir 2011 m. III – jame Pasaulio kurčiųjų vyrų krepšinio čempionatuose, kadangi šia tema literatūros yra labai nedaug, o tai yra labai svarbu ruošiant kurčiuosius krepšininkus busimiems čempionatams. Tyrimo objektas: Lietuvos kurčiųjų krepšininkų parengtumas ir žaidiminė veikla 2007 m. II-jame ir 2011 m. III – jame Pasaulio kurčiųjų krepšinio čempionatuose. Tyrimo subjektas: Lietuvos kurčiųjų vyrų krepšinio rinktinės žaidėjai. Tyrimo tikslas: Atskleisti Lietuvos kurčiųjų krepšinio vyrų rinktinės fizinio parengtumo ir žaidiminės veiklos II-jame ir III-jame Pasaulio kurčiųjų vyrų krepšinio čempionatuose ypatumus. Hipotezė: Manytume, kad parengtumo ir žaidiminės veiklos analizė gali atskleisti Lietuvos kurčiųjų krepšinio rinktinės dalyvavimo II-jame bei III-jame Pasaulio kurčiųjų vyrų krepšinio čempionatuose rezultatyvumo prielaidas. Uždaviniai: 1 Išnagrinėti ir palyginti Lietuvos kurčiųjų krepšinio vyrų rinktinės fizinį parengtumą ir funkcinį pajėgumą rengiantis 2007 m. II-jam ir 2011 m. III-jam Pasaulio kurčiųjų vyrų krepšinio čempionatams. 2. Išanalizuoti ir palyginti Lietuvos kurčiųjų krepšinio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Relevance: The outcome of the process of the improvement of players and a team is a certain preparedness of players and a team (Bompa, 1999; Buceta, 2000; Stonkus, 2002). In order to improve the theory and practice of death basketball trainings and playing activities, it is significant to study scientifically and to systemize physical preparedness death basketball players, particularities of their competitive activities in II and III World Deaf Men Basketball Championships in 2007 and 2011 respectively, because there is little literature on this subject and it is very important when preparing deaf basketball players for future championships. Object of the study: Preparedness and playing activities of Lithuanian deaf basketball players in II and III World Deaf Basketball Championships in 2007 and 2011 accordingly. Subject of the study: The players of the Lithuanian National Deaf Men Team. Goal of the study: Show the particularities of physical preparedness and playing activities of the Lithuanian National Deaf Men Team in II and III World Deaf Men Basketball Championships. Hypothesis: We suppose that an analysis of preparedness and playing activities can show the presumptions of the results of the participation of the Lithuanian National Deaf Basketball Team in II and III World Deaf Men Basketball Championships. Tasks: 1. Study and to compare physical preparedness and functional capacity of the Lithuanian National Deaf Men Basketball Team in II and III World Deaf Men... [to full text]

Atlikėjo meistriškumas, tai išskirtinių komponentų visuma, kurią sudaro, ne tik, puikus instrumento įvaldymas, bet ir išlavintas meninis skonis, muzikalumas, asmeninės savybės, artistiškumas ir tt. Būti profesionaliu, ar net, meistrišku atlikėju, tai kiekvieno trimitininko siekiamybė. Todėl labai svarbūs metodai, kurie būtų veiksmingiausi ir sistema, pagal kurią būtų taikomi šie metodai. Taigi, šiuo tyrimu siekiama išskirti ir įvertinti veiksmingiausius žymiausių užsienio pedagogų metodus, lavinant pagrindinius grojimo elementus trimitu. Taip pat, ištirti pagalbinių priemonių veiksmingumą, lavinant tuos elementus. / Performer mastery, is diffrent components sum, which includes not only instrument skills, and trained artistic taste, musicianship, personal properties, artistry and etc. To be profesional or even mastered performer, is every trumpeter the ultimate goal. Thats why these methods are very important, because of their efficienty and system, which should be used with proper methods. So, this work aim to mark and to rate most efficienty famous foreign teacher methods, training basic trumpet playing elements. Also, to test appliance tools efficienty, training those elements.

The name Lemmens did not only have significance for his students, but also for several critics. Jaak Nikolaas Lemmens (1823-1881) had an enormous impact on the art of the organ music in France in the nineteenth century. The American public knew him as a result of his three Organ sonatas. The works of Bach and other composers like Mendelssohn mainly influenced his performance. Lemmens was seen as a French organist and in the nineteenth century it was not common for a French organist to include works of German composers in concerts due to the mainstream of playing, which was improvisation. He also taught his students on the model of Bach. Hesse introduced Lemmens to the German organ style. One of his students, Alexandre Guilmant (1837-1911), carried on with this tradition. He went on to become one of the great organ-composers of the nineteenth century and was also one of the first to compose a sonata. Guilmant often included the works of German composers in his recitals and had insight into the works of Mendelssohn on his many visits to England. Although both these composers were French, they came under the influence of the German organ tradition. The formal structures, counterpoint and fugues included in their sonatas, are a direct reference to the Trio sonatas of JS. Bach and the organ sonatas of Mendelssohn. In this study, a short introduction to the organ tradition in nineteenth-century France will be given as well as some information about Lemmens and Guilmant. The influence of the German organ tradition on the Three Sonatas of Lemmens and the Eight Sonatas of Guitmant will be shown and it will be proven that indeed the German masters had an influence on the French organ music of the nineteenth century. / Thesis (M.Mus.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

Being an immigrant in a Swedish school today might not be easy. It´s quite difficult to be accepted and becoming a part of an already functioning group. Difficulties with the Swedish language doesn´t make it easier. Besides that the requisites of the school curriculum program are very demanding and Swedish students are often in advantage already being a part of the system for many years. By following five immigrant boys in grade 6 during ten ensemble lessons, one concert and individual interviews with the boys as well as with their teacher, this study aims to investigate how ensemble playing can function as a social tool and promote interaction as well as integration. The results in this study show that ensemble playing in fact can function as a social tool. The boys developed abilities in playing an instrument as well as cooperating and analyzing by using the social tool of ensemble playing. The results even show that ensemble playing can promote interaction as well as integration. Above everything was the concert where the boys acted in front of their classmates and were treated with great respect and acceptance.

Numerous and countless factors have been theorized to be causes of inequality. This paper started with identifying the most important determinants of income inequality through theoretical research. Among the various theories of causes of inequality, I hypothesized creating a level playing for children at the very start of their career as students as an important determinant. In order to test the hypothesis that a level playing field is important to help fight inequality, a regression tailored for this question is created. I develop a regression model using the variable public expenditure on primary education as the variable to be tested while controlling for other important determinants of inequality including public expenditure per student on all stages of education, unemployment rate, GDP per capita, GDP growth, and governance indicator. The empirical model confirms theory that quality of primary education is highly beneficial for students. I conduct further theoretical research concerning ways to improve the quality of primary education and included them in policy recommendation section.