Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-04-23T12:18:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467599 - Texto Completo.pdf: 13821810 bytes, checksum: 370f68bc59134286e2e5b7344802f1e3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-23T12:18:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467599 - Texto Completo.pdf: 13821810 bytes, checksum: 370f68bc59134286e2e5b7344802f1e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Over recent years, the public policy proposition for sustainable schools has been establishing itself in Brazil, in order to transform elementary school institutions into sustainable education places, through encouraging sustainability education.The main purpose of this research consists in observe how the propositon for the sustainable school is constituting itself as a public policy in Brazil. This research also aims at understanding how the schools will be able to transform themselves into sustainable education places indeed and investigate if this proposition is capable of providing local movements of environmentalization.and ecologically correct attitudes.For this purpose, I spent those last two years as a teacher and reseacher searching for documents, I interviewed some people and I observed three schools from Sao Leopoldo, a metropolitan city near to Porto Alegre in Rio Grande do Sul,southern Brazil, in an attempt to understand and describe how the policy proposition for sustainable schools happens. I noticed that the environmentalization process is one of the inherent purposes of the policy for sustainable school, that helps to create sustainable educator places. as well as, it is a proposition that gives priority to the horizontal dialogue and encourages educational processes sensitizers. The children and Youth nacional conference on the Environment and the Committee for the Environment and Quality of life were identified as link between the proposition and the school and also bringing news partners.The proposition for the Sustainable School brings the Curriculum, the management and the physical spaceas shafts articulators, however was identified that without commited and available peoples these axles do not articulate.The training process was verified as essential to the strengthening of the policy, however this process needs to be present in all states of Brazil. The policy proposition for Sustainable Schools needs to be systemic to get succeed, strengthened by training process, legislation, conferences, committees, commited and availables teachers and, thereby provoker of local changes and, therefore, global. / Nos ?ltimos anos a proposta de pol?tica p?blica para Escolas Sustent?veis vem se firmando no Brasil, com o intuito de transformar as escolas de educa??o b?sica em espa?os educadores sustent?veis, atrav?s do incentivo ? educa??o para a sustentabilidade. O objetivo primordial desta pesquisa consiste em ver como a proposta de Escola Sustent?vel est? se constituindo como pol?tica p?blica no Brasil. Tamb?m busca compreender como as escolas poder?o se transformar em espa?os educadores sustent?veis efetivamente, assim como procura investigar se essa proposta ? capaz de proporcionar movimentos locais de ambientaliza??o e atitudes ecologicamente corretas. Para isso, durante os anos de 2013 e 2014, passei, como professora e, ent?o, pesquisadora, a percorrer documentos, conversar com pessoas e observar tr?s escolas do munic?pio de S?o Leopoldo/RS, na tentativa de compreender e descrever como a proposta de pol?tica para Escolas Sustent?veis acontece. Foi poss?vel perceber que o processo de ambientaliza??o ? um dos fins intr?nsecos da pol?tica para Escolas Sustent?veis, contribuindo para a constru??o de espa?os educadores sustent?veis, assim como, ? uma proposta que privilegia o di?logo horizontal e incentiva processos educativos sensibilizadores. A Confer?ncia Nacional Infantojuvenil pelo Meio Ambiente e a Comiss?o pelo Meio Ambiente e Qualidade de Vida foram assinaladas como os elos entre a proposta e a escola, sendo provocadores de novos engajamentos. A proposta para Escola Sustent?vel traz como eixos articuladores o curr?culo, a gest?o e o espa?o f?sico, por?m foi verificado que, sem a presen?a de pessoas engajadas e dispon?veis esses eixos n?o se articular?o. O processo formativo foi identificado como essencial para o fortalecimento da pol?tica, por?m ele precisa estar presente em todos os estados do Brasil. A proposta de pol?tica para Escolas Sustent?veis pode se efetivar se, seguindo os apontamentos da pesquisa, for sist?mica, fortalecida pelos processos formativos, legisla??o, confer?ncias, comiss?es, pessoas engajadas e dispon?veis e, com isso, provocadora de mudan?as locais e, consequentemente, globais.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-04-30T12:03:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467781 - Texto Completo.pdf: 3476418 bytes, checksum: a232ec1b63bf63101c9c20d4988c2e61 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-30T12:03:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467781 - Texto Completo.pdf: 3476418 bytes, checksum: a232ec1b63bf63101c9c20d4988c2e61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-21 / Concerning the breakthroughs science has experienced, using Kuhn?s (1962), Poeppel?s (2004) and Giere?s (2006) work, Costa (2007b) launches the Metatheory of Interfaces and suggests a new approach to Linguistics and meaning. Linguistics thus is no longer seen as a preexisting discipline, but now is considered as Language Sciences, i. e., it is now regarded as a result of external and internal interface construction. All the same approach is given to natural language meaning when it comes to research, for it is no longer an observable object in and from the world, but now it is understood as a complex object built through the establishment of these interfaces. Regarding the complex objects and interfaces conception, backed by the Metatheory of Interfaces, in order to study meaning from an inferential point of view, we suggest the development of a model which has in the articulation of inferential theories the capacity of investigating such a complex object in a more interesting way regarding both the descriptive and explanatory perspectives. To do so, concerning the Perspectivism position and the cross-fertilization notion, the Conversational Implicature Theory (GRICE, 1975), the Conversational Implicature Theory ? Enlarged Model (COSTA, 1984), the Relevance Theory (SPERBER; WILSON, 1986, 1995), the Generalized Implicature Theory (LEVINSON, 2000), the Non-Trivial Connectivity Theory (COSTA, 2002, unpublished, 2005a) and the Dialog Theory (COSTA, 2013) were brought together to form an articulated model. Therefore, it was possible, from the devise of interfaces, specially, using the Non-Trivial Connectivity Theory and the Relevance Theory, to strengthen the theoretical foundations which explain why we use language not only to acquire information and to improve our world representation in a more efficient way for less effort, but by assuming that man uses language because he is genetically programmed to connection, and natural language is one of the various forms through which man can obtain it, in, however, a non-mechanical, non-redundant, but creative and informative way. The interfaces also allowed to verify that, through inferential processing, due to logic traits, we can not only monitor the way we reason, but also our world knowledge as a whole. Besides, because of the questioning of notions such as benefit and cost, it was possible to verify the of considering that aesthetic and emotional aspect ? in this case, especially regarding McLuhan?s (1969) maxim ?the medium is the message? ? started to explain what we understand as meaning. So it is not only based on rational and informative aspects. Finally, it was also possible to verify that these new interfaces allowed us to identify inferences of different natures, such as linguistic and logic, known as multiform inferences, and identify elements of different natures, such as aesthetic, emotional, etc., dabbling and interacting in conversational exchanges regarding the most different communicative situations concerning the production of rich and various types of meaning effects, to the point of online reorienting interlocutors intentions. All these aspects were investigated using journalistic, political and legal discourses, whose concrete social existence makes them a perfect locus for the generating of the phenomena we are interested in and whose natures make them exploit the many resources that the use of the natural language gives rise to. Such discoursed can all be seen together in one event, the 2000 American presidential election, whose debate between Democrats and Republicans also is an ideal place to test the model we are building and to identify the fascinating meaning effects that intentions, moved by reason and emotions, regarding different kinds of benefits, even being the sort of low cost, can produce through the perfect interaction between what is said and what is implicated mediated by communicative-cognitive-linguistic-logic inferences. / Atrav?s de avan?os na concep??o de ci?ncia, valendo-se de Kuhn (1962), Poeppel (2004) e Giere (2006), Costa (2007b) lan?a a Metateoria das Interfaces e sugere um novo tratamento para a Lingu?stica e para a significa??o. A Lingu?stica deixa de ser vista como uma disciplina pr?-existente e passa a ser tratada como Ci?ncias da Linguagem e, portanto, como o resultado de constru??es de interfaces internas e externas. Da mesma forma, o significado em linguagem natural, para fins de investiga??o, deixou de ser um objeto observ?vel, no e do mundo, para ser compreendido como um objeto complexo constru?do atrav?s dessas interfaces. A partir dessa concep??o de interfaces e objetos complexos, respaldada pela Metateoria das Interfaces, a fim de estudar o significado por um vi?s inferencial, propomos a elabora??o de um construto que tem na articula??o de teorias de car?ter inferencialista a capacidade de promover uma investiga??o mais interessante desse objeto tanto do ponto de vista descritivo quanto do ponto de vista explanat?rio. Para tanto, foram reunidas, ? luz do Perspectivismo e da no??o de cross-fertilization, a Teoria das Implicaturas Conversacionais (GRICE, 1975), a Teoria das Implicaturas Conversacionais Modelo Ampliado (COSTA, 1984), a Teoria da Relev?ncia (SPERBER; WILSON, 1986, 1995), a Teoria das Implicaturas Conversacionais Generalizadas (LEVINSON, 2000), a Teoria da Conectividade N?o-Trivial (COSTA, 2002, no prelo, 2005a) e a Teoria do Di?logo (COSTA, 2013). Dessa forma, foi poss?vel, a partir da cria??o de interfaces, em especial da TCNT e da TR, fortalecer os fundamentos que explicam por que usamos a linguagem, mais do que para obter informa??es e melhorar nossa representa??o de mundo da maneira mais eficiente por menos esfor?o, assumimos que o homem usa a linguagem porque est? geneticamente programado para a conex?o, e a linguagem ? uma das formas pelas das quais se obt?m isso, atrav?s, contudo, de uma forma n?o-mec?nica, n?o-redundante, mas criativa e informativa. As interfaces tamb?m permitiram verificar que, via processamento inferencial, devido a elementos da l?gica, podemos n?o apenas monitorar nossos racioc?nios, mas nosso conhecimento de mundo como um todo. Al?m disso, pela problematiza??o das no??es de benef?cio e custo, verificou-se a necessidade de se considerar que aspectos emocionais e est?ticos ? neste caso, em especial, a partir da concep??o de que o meio ? a mensagem (McLUHAN, 1969) ? passassem a compor o que entendemos por significado. Ele, portanto, n?o se constitui apenas de aspectos racionais e informativos ? no??o est? igualmente revisitada. Por fim, foi poss?vel verificar que essas novas interfaces nos permitiram identificar que infer?ncias de diferentes naturezas, l?gico-lingu?sticas, a saber, as multiformes, e elementos de diferentes naturezas, emocionais, est?ticos, etc., interferem e interagem nas trocas conversacionais, das mais diferentes situa??es comunicativas, para a produ??o dos mais ricos e variados efeitos de significa??o, reorientando online, inclusive, as inten??es dos interlocutores. Todos esses aspectos foram investigados a partir dos discursos jornal?stico, pol?tico e jur?dico, cujas exist?ncias sociais concretas os tornam locus perfeito para a gera??o dos fen?menos que nos interessam, e cujas naturezas fazem com que se valham dos tantos recursos aos quais o uso da linguagem natural d? origem. Por fim, tais discursos podem ser vistos reunidos em um evento, a elei??o presidencial norte-americana, em 2000, cujo debate entre democratas e republicanos mostrou-se o local ideal para testar o construto e identificar os fascinantes efeitos de significa??o que inten??es movidas por raz?o e emo??o, de olho nos mais diferentes tipos de benef?cios, mesmo que estes se caracterizem pelo baixo custo, podem produzir atrav?s da perfeita intera??o entre ditos e implicados mediada por infer?ncias l?gico-lingu?stico-cognitivo-comunicacionais.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-18T11:05:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 468837 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1617239 bytes, checksum: c5f935d47f02667aa25a177855d574d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-18T11:05:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 468837 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1617239 bytes, checksum: c5f935d47f02667aa25a177855d574d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-10 / The aim of this research was estimate the effects of indirect and direct taxes. Therefore, the option was the construction of two simulations - the first assesses the effects of consumption stimulus measures implemented by the Brazilian federal government in 2008/2009 in countercyclical actions, while the second proposes an alternative policy to that established by the Ministry of Finance, namely, a reduction in the rate of direct taxes, which would tend to increase disposable income and, because of that, the consumer. Also in this last exercise, it is assumed that government spending remain unchanged. The methodology applied is a Computable General Equilibrium model (CGE) adapted to the Brazilian economy, the TERMBR (The Enormous Regional Model). / Atrav?s da presente pesquisa, estimou-se os efeitos de uma pol?tica de redu??o de tributos indiretos e de uma pol?tica de redu??o de tributos diretos. Para tanto, a op??o foi pela realiza??o de dois exerc?cios ? o primeiro avalia os efeitos de medidas de incentivo ao consumo implementado pelo governo federal em 2008/2009 em a??es antic?clicas, ao passo que o segundo prop?e uma pol?tica alternativa ?quela estabelecida pelo Minist?rio da Fazenda, qual seja: uma redu??o da al?quota dos tributos diretos, que tenderia a aumentar a renda dispon?vel e, por conta disso, o consumo. Ainda neste ?ltimo exerc?cio, sup?e-se que as despesas do governo n?o sofrem altera??o. A avalia??o utiliza-se de um modelo de Equil?brio Geral Comput?vel (EGC) adaptado ? economia brasileira, o TERM-BR (The Enormous Regional Model).

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-22T12:27:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469143 - Texto Completo.pdf: 767660 bytes, checksum: fa8a603ee5af83af5c604d4e8f618d18 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-22T12:27:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469143 - Texto Completo.pdf: 767660 bytes, checksum: fa8a603ee5af83af5c604d4e8f618d18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / The Professional Learning Policy, created by law 10097/2000 integrates the policy, program and project development settings, focused on the professional development of the poor people of the suburbs of the big cities. The implementation style is part of the public policy management model that was consolidated with the management reform of the social policies implemented in the 1990s, characterized by the decentralization and the establishment of new cooperation forms with the civil society and the private sector, directed at guaranteeing the provision of public services through partnership and service of the civil society and the market organizations. In this study, we analyzed the trajectories, the management models and the strategies of organizations to implement the program, and the conceptions and purposes of the training activities supported by the Professional Learning Program within the civil society organizations. / A Pol?tica de Aprendizagem Profissional, criada pela Lei 10097/2000, inserese no cen?rio de elabora??o de pol?ticas, programas e projetos, focalizados na forma??o profissional para jovens pobres das periferias das grandes cidades. A forma de implementa??o est? inserida no modelo de gest?o das pol?ticas p?blicas, que se consolidou com a reforma gerencial das pol?ticas sociais, implementada na d?cada de 1990, caracterizada pela descentraliza??o e o estabelecimento de novas formas de articula??o com a sociedade civil e com o setor privado, visando ? garantia da provis?o de servi?os p?blicos, por meio de parceria e da presta??o de servi?os das organiza??es da sociedade civil e do mercado. Neste estudo, analisamos as trajet?rias, os modelos de gest?o e as estrat?gias das organiza??es para implementarem o programa, e as concep??es e finalidades das atividades formativas, sustentadas pelos gestores do Programa de Aprendizagem Profissional, no ?mbito das organiza??es da sociedade civil.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-06-02T13:21:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469736 Texto Parcial.pdf: 438831 bytes, checksum: 6c40371a6e24b395392c2e7256f4166e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-02T13:21:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469736 Texto Parcial.pdf: 438831 bytes, checksum: 6c40371a6e24b395392c2e7256f4166e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / This dissertation aims to analyze the measure to which community policing developed in the city of Caxias do Sul has contributed to transition from traditional police for citizen police. To answer the research main topic of this study, the main bibliographies of books and articles in national and international levels which reflect community policing were analyzed, as well as qualitative analysis was carried out field research in the city of Caxias do Sul. Thus, it was analyzed, in the first chapter, historical evolution of the military police in the world and in Brazil, checking their origin and action to identify at what time it was constituted this traditional police of control, their formation and training and the things that contribute to the permanence of its traditional model. In the second chapter, the philosophy of community policing concept and addressing principles, historical development and its practices were presented. In this way, we seek to portray all the peculiarities of community policing, their practices and how this new practice of policing can contribute to transition from traditional police for citizen police. In the third chapter, the community participation in community policing concepts of community, increasing social participation in public safety, community organization and community safety advice were analyzed. In the study of this chapter, the importance of the participation of society in the construction of public security of its community was determined. In the fourth chapter, the topic is the community policing in the Military Police in the city of Caxias do Sul-RS.The city of Caxias do Sul, community safety councils, neighborhood associations and neighborhood associations of the union of Caxias do Sul neighborhood were analyzed. It presents the analysis and the results of qualitative empirical research on community policing in Caxias do Sul with the perception and evaluation of community leaders of neighborhoods, community police, coordinator of community policing of Rio Grande do Sul and the president of the UAB. Finally, it is clear that community policing model developed in Caxias do Sul has contributed to transition from traditional police to citizen police. Despite all the difficulties encountered and reported in this work, community policing of Caxias do Sul is a way for this new model of citizen police. Although it is a slow process, which involves changes and breaking paradigms that are still rooted in historical, social and cultural contexts, all the positive points that were encountered during our research lead us to believe that this is the better way for building this citizen police. / A presente disserta??o tem como objetivo analisar em que medida o policiamento comunit?rio desenvolvido na cidade de Caxias do Sul tem contribu?do para transi??o da pol?cia tradicional para a pol?cia cidad?. Para responder ao problema de pesquisa deste trabalho, foram analisadas as principais bibliografias de livros e artigos nos ?mbitos nacional e internacional que retratassem o policiamento comunit?rio, bem como foi realizada pesquisa de campo de an?lise qualitativa no munic?pio de Caxias do Sul. Dessa forma, analisou-se, no primeiro cap?tulo, evolu??o hist?rica da pol?cia militar no mundo e no Brasil, verificando sua origem e atua??o para identificarmos em que momento constituiu-se esta pol?cia tradicional de controle, sua forma??o e treinamento e os fatores que contribuem para a perman?ncia do modelo tradicional. No segundo cap?tulo, procurou-se apresentar a filosofia do policiamento comunit?rio abordando conceito e princ?pios, evolu??o hist?rica e suas pr?ticas. Desta forma, procuramos retratar todas as peculiaridades do policiamento comunit?rio, as suas pr?ticas e como esta nova pr?tica de policiamento pode contribuir para transi??o da pol?cia tradicional para a pol?cia cidad?. No terceiro cap?tulo, analisamos a participa??o da comunidade no policiamento comunit?rio, os conceitos de comunidade, a participa??o social na seguran?a p?blica, a organiza??o comunit?ria e os conselhos comunit?rios de seguran?a. No estudo deste cap?tulo, foi poss?vel constatar a import?ncia da participa??o da sociedade na constru??o da seguran?a p?blica da sua comunidade. No quarto cap?tulo, trata-se do policiamento comunit?rio na Brigada Militar no munic?pio de Caxias do Sul/RS. Analisa-se o munic?pio de Caxias do Sul, os conselhos comunit?rios de seguran?a, as associa??es de moradores de bairro e a uni?o das associa??es de bairro de Caxias do Sul.Apresenta-se a an?lise e os resultados da pesquisa emp?rica qualitativa sobre o policiamento comunit?rio em Caxias do Sul com a percep??o e avalia??o dos l?deres comunit?rios dos bairros, dos policiais comunit?rios, do coordenador do policiamento comunit?rio do Rio Grande do Sul e do presidente da UAB. Por fim, conclui-se que o modelo de policiamento comunit?rio desenvolvido em Caxias do Sul tem contribu?do para transi??o da pol?cia tradicional para pol?cia cidad?. Apesar de todas as dificuldades encontradas e relatadas neste trabalho, o policiamento comunit?rio de Caxias do Sul ? um caminho para este novo modelo de policia cidad?. Apesar de ser um processo lento, o qual envolve mudan?as e quebra de paradigmas que se encontram ainda, enraizados em contextos hist?rico, social e cultural, todos os aspectos positivos que encontramos durante a pesquisa nos levam a acreditar que este seja o caminho para a constru??o de uma pol?cia cidad?.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-06-05T11:33:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469953 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1534211 bytes, checksum: 7c89a701daa939437af011c80cab458f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-05T11:33:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469953 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1534211 bytes, checksum: 7c89a701daa939437af011c80cab458f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / This study correlates the Robore Agreements with the Brazilian geopolitical thought. As such, it aims to describe how what is written in such agreements is influenced by the thought described by geopoliticians, not only through the thought described by international schools, but also through the one supported in the country for the bilateral relations between Brazil and Bolivia. Accordingly, it aims to figure out how the Brazilian geopolitical thought influenced the goals of the Robore Agreements, starting from an approach of their economic, political, energetic, historical and military aspects as well as the physical integration promoted by the Agreements. This was done through a bibliographical research on the scholars of the Brazilian geopolitics and the Brazilian government?s diplomatic and political performances regarding Bolivia and such treaties. For the study, the analysis of the historical antecedents of the governmental relations between Brazil and Bolivia was necessary as a mean to comprehend the circumstances prior to signing the Agreements. As such, it was possible to develop a study on the Brazilian geopolitical thought, concerning the issues of the international affairs with neighbouring countries, with emphasis on the relations with Bolivia. All ends with the analysis of the Robore Agreements according to the geopolitical thought in order to find out elements in the Agreements which demonstrate that the governmental diplomatic performance in the production of such agreements originated from these thoughts, especially from Mario Travassos?s (1938) masterpiece: ?The Continental Projection of Brazil?. / O presente trabalho correlaciona os Acordos de Robor? e o pensamento geopol?tico brasileiro, de forma que se pretende descrever como as letras destes acordos acabam por se influenciar pelo pensamento descrito pelos geopol?ticos, tanto pelo pensamento descrito pelas escolas internacionais, quanto pelo pensamento esposado no pa?s para as rela??es bilaterais entre Brasil e Bol?via, de forma a saber como o pensamento geopol?tico brasileiro influenciou os prop?sitos dos Acordos de Robor?, a partir de uma abordagem dos seus aspectos econ?micos, pol?ticos, energ?ticos, hist?ricos, militares e de integra??o f?sica promovida pelos Acordos, por meio de pesquisa bibliogr?fica, sobre os pensadores da geopol?tica brasileira e nas atua??es diplom?ticas e pol?ticas do governo brasileiro em rela??o ? Bol?via e tais tratados. Sendo que para o estudo necess?rio foi a an?lise dos antecedentes hist?ricos das rela??es governamentais entre Brasil e Bol?via, como meio para entender as circunst?ncias anteriores ? realiza??o dos Acordos. A partir deste prisma, foi poss?vel a realiza??o do estudo do pensamento geopol?tico brasileiro sobre as quest?es das rela??es internacionais com os pa?ses vizinhos, tendo como foco as rela??es com a Bol?via. Terminando por analisar os Acordos de Robor?, sob o prisma do pensamento geopol?tico, a fim de encontrar nos Acordos elementos que acabassem por demonstrar que a atua??o diplom?tica governamental na confec??o de tais acordos se deu a partir destes pensamentos, principalmente a partir da obra Proje??o Continental do Brasil, de M?rio Travassos (1938).

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-06-18T11:51:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 470741 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 1857275 bytes, checksum: e1e09ce140b8745ef5e45919f5a4f121 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-18T11:51:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 470741 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 1857275 bytes, checksum: e1e09ce140b8745ef5e45919f5a4f121 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-16 / This study is composed of two empirical studies, having as goals to get to know and to analyze the histories of black women with sickle-cell disease, and also to understand how their subjectivity is built and it is confronted from the meaning of the disease originates in the black ancestry. This research is exploratory, descriptive, with a qualitative design. Data collection was performed using semi-structured interviews, explored with the help of Critical Discourse Analysis. We studied 9 self-declared black women with sickle-cell disease, and who were assisted by the Sickle-Cell Reference Center of Porto Alegre?s Clinical Hospital (CRAF). The first study aims to get to know and to analyze the access of black women with sickle-cell disease to public health policies from the search of health care for issues produced by sickle-cell disease. The second study aims to get to know and to analyze the history of black women with sickle-cell disease, and to understand how their subjectivity is built and confronted from subjective senses associated with markers of gender, race and social class. The results showed that the psychosocial impact of sickle-cell disease significantly depends on services and health policies, on the access to technologies related to the disease, and on the meanings that subjects associated with their disease. We observed that the therapeutic itinerary of women has been proven to be a constant process of search for care, which was built in the relations of women?s families and some professionals, up to the time when Brazil?s Public Health System (SUS) started to offer, even partially, specialized attention and care to this health condition. The therapeutic route was submitted to the relations established by social, health, and cultural inequities, and very little by principles of public policies. Institutional racism, present in all black women?s approaches in society, answers to the historical vulnerability that makes black women invisible. Sickle-cell disease, according to black women, is a health condition that keeps subjective senses marked by the intersectionality of race, gender, and social class. On the same direction, women have shown that the illness experience, though, intense, debilitating, and deep, did not keep them away from their constructions of gender; on the contrary, the complexity of the disease provided an opportunity in which they could build themselves as subjects of possibilities. / A disserta??o ora apresentada se constitui de dois estudos emp?ricos com a proposta de conhecer e analisar a hist?ria de mulheres negras com doen?a falciforme e compreender como a subjetividade destas ? constru?da e confrontada a partir do significado da doen?a que tem origem na ancestralidade negra. A pesquisa teve delineamento qualitativo e se caracterizou como explorat?ria-descritiva, onde a coleta das informa??es ocorreu atrav?s de entrevistas semi estruturadas que foram exploradas atrav?s da An?lise Cr?tica do Discurso. Participaram 9 mulheres com diagn?stico de doen?a falciforme, auto declaradas negras e atendidas pelo Centro de Refer?ncia da Anemia Falciforme do Hospital de Cl?nicas de Porto Alegre (CRAF). O primeiro estudo procurou conhecer e analisar o acesso das mulheres negras com doen?a falciforme ?s pol?ticas p?blicas de sa?de a partir dos itiner?rios terap?uticos na busca por cuidados para as quest?es de sa?de produzidas pela doen?a falciforme. E o segundo, buscou conhecer e analisar a hist?ria de mulheres negras com doen?a falciforme e compreender como a subjetividade destas ? constru?da e confrontada a partir dos sentidos subjetivos associados aos marcadores de g?nero, ra?a e classe social. Os resultados demonstram que o impacto psicossocial da doen?a falciforme depende expressivamente dos servi?os e das pol?ticas de sa?de, no acesso ?s tecnologias referentes ? doen?a para dirimir o processo de adoecimento, bem como do significado que o sujeito associa a sua doen?a. Observamos que o itiner?rio terap?utico das mulheres se revelou como um processo constante de busca pelo cuidado que foi constru?do nas articula??es dos familiares das mulheres e de alguns profissionais, at? o momento em que o Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS) passou a ofertar, mesmo que parcialmente, aten??o e cuidado ? condi??o de sa?de diferenciada. O percurso terap?utico se submeteu ?s rela??es estabelecidas pelas iniquidades culturais, sociais e em sa?de, e muito pouco por preceitos das pol?ticas p?blicas. O racismo institucional, presente em todas as aproxima??es das mulheres negras na sociedade, responde ? vulnerabilidade hist?rica que invisibiliza as mulheres negras. A doen?a falciforme, segundo as mulheres negras, ? uma condi??o de sa?de que guarda sentidos subjetivos demarcados pela interseccionalidade de ra?a, g?nero e classe social. Na mesma dire??o, as mulheres demonstraram que a experi?ncia do adoecimento, embora, intensa, incapacitante e profunda, n?o as afastou das suas constru??es de g?nero, ao contr?rio, a complexidade da doen?a oportunizou que elas pudessem se construir como sujeitos de possibilidades.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-07-07T13:31:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 471664 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1025603 bytes, checksum: cc2bf12cfe7084c63f710f9fd2c36364 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-07T13:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 471664 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1025603 bytes, checksum: cc2bf12cfe7084c63f710f9fd2c36364 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-25 / The repair of injured peripheral nerves is one of the most difficult tasks in neurosurgery. Among the techniques used is distinguished using the artificial tube for nerve guidance during the regeneration process. The preparation of composites based on biodegradable polymers and conducting polymers related to growth factors, have been proposed as a promising approach for improving regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. However, it should be considered that during the regeneration process is necessary to have a control over the dosage and the time of release of the drug in question not to jeopardize the recovery process.In this work were based membranes prepared PLGA (lactic-co-glycolic poly-acid), polypyrrole (PPy) and Tacrolimus as a growth factor. Was reported as a factor of the process of degradation and the relationship between the composition of membrane PLGA / PPy / Tacrolimus with the release of the drug in the first days of incubation. It was found that membranes with higher PLGA thicker, resulting in a lower weight loss and delayed release of Tacrolimus. In this work PLGA membranes containing search polypyrrole nanofibers (PPy) and Tacrolimus, as a growth factor, were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. The process of degradation and drug release were assessed 28 days of incubation. It was observed that membranes with a higher concentration of PLGA. / A repara??o de nervos perif?ricos lesionados ? uma das tarefas mais dif?ceis na neurocirurgia. Entre as t?cnicas utilizadas destaca-se a utiliza??o de tubos artificiais para orientar o nervo durante o processo de regenera??o. A prepara??o de comp?sitos baseados em pol?meros biodegrad?veis e pol?meros condutores, associados a fatores de crescimento, t?m sido proposta como uma abordagem promissora para melhorar a regenera??o de nervos perif?ricos lesionados. Por?m, deve ser considerado que durante o processo de regenera??o ? necess?rio ter um controle sobre a dosagem e o tempo de libera??o do f?rmaco em quest?o para n?o prejudicar o processo de recupera??o.Assim, neste trabalho foram preparadas membranas baseadas em PLGA (poli-?cido l?ctico-co-glic?lico), polipirrol (PPy) e Tacrolimus como fator de crescimento. Foi avaliado o processo de degrada??o e a rela??o entre a composi??o de membranas de PLGA/PPy/Tacrolimus com a libera??o do f?rmaco nos primeiros dias de incuba??o. Foi verificado que membrana com maior quantidade de PLGA, mais espessa, resultou numa menor perda massa e retardou a libera??o do tacrolimus. Neste trabalho de pesquisa membranas de PLGA contendo nanofibras de polipirrol (PPy) e Tacrolimus, como fator de crescimento, foram preparadas por meio da metodologia da evapora??o do solvente. O processo de degrada??o e a libera??o do f?rmaco foram avaliados durante 28 dias de incuba??o. Foi observado que membranas com uma maior concentra??o do PLGA.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-10-23T10:57:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 475844 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1189323 bytes, checksum: dd802639036d72f3c434db2870b1cc9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-23T10:57:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 475844 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1189323 bytes, checksum: dd802639036d72f3c434db2870b1cc9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / This work, by addressing the theories of Political and Economic Cycles and financial elements balances available in the sample Football Clubs, aims to find the influence of political cycles in the financial relationship of the teams between the period 2007-2013. In this dissertation the following theories are presented: Traditional Opportunist, Traditional Partisan, Rational Partisan and Rational Opportunist. After collecting the financial data and comparative analysis, its relation with the theories was established by the Econometric Method Panels Data, in which the dependent variable determined, was the expense being held the Hausmann test, which indicated the Method of Fixed Effects to the most suitable for the model results. The found results affirm the positive relationship between the dependent variable, Expense, the variable, Income and the variable of political cycles of three years, which indicates that clubs that have elections every three years have a greater influence in expenses of the clubs lack political cycle. The study itself deepens critical thinking about the situation of Brazilian Football and opens possibilities for new confrontations both theoretical as practical on the variables which influence in sport management's behavior mainly in Brazil and consequently the quality of it compared to worldwide Football. / Esse trabalho, atrav?s da abordagem das teorias dos Ciclos Pol?ticos Econ?micos e dos elementos financeiros disponibilizados nos Balan?os dos Clubes de Futebol da amostra, tem o objetivo de encontrar a influ?ncia dos ciclos pol?ticos na rela??o financeira dos times entre o per?odo de 2007 a 2013. S?o apresentadas na disserta??o as teorias Oportunista Tradicional, Partid?ria Tradicional, Partid?ria Racional e Oportunista Racional. Ap?s a coleta dos dados financeiros e an?lise comparativa, sua rela??o com as teorias foi estabelecida pelo M?todo Econom?trico de Dados de Pain?is, em que a vari?vel dependente determinada foi a Despesa, sendo realizado o teste de Hausmann, que indicou o M?todo de Efeitos Fixos como o mais adequado para os resultados do modelo. Os resultados encontrados afirmam a rela??o positiva entre a vari?vel dependente, Despesa, a vari?vel Receita e a vari?vel de ciclos pol?ticos de 3 anos, o que indica que os clubes que possuem elei??es de 3 em 3 anos possuem maior influencia na Despesa do que os clubes que n?o possuem ciclo pol?tico. O estudo por si s? aprofunda o pensamento cr?tico sobre a situa??o do futebol brasileiro e abre possibilidades para novos enfrentamentos tanto te?ricos como pr?ticos sobre as vari?veis que influenciam no comportamento da gest?o do esporte principalmente no Brasil e consequentemente da qualidade do mesmo em compara??o ao futebol mundial.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-01-26T19:22:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_EDUARDO_PITREZ_DE_AGUIAR_CORREA_PARCIAL.pdf: 1312330 bytes, checksum: 91d11a63a884dfe69c0d9db1c1f04f09 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T19:22:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_EDUARDO_PITREZ_DE_AGUIAR_CORREA_PARCIAL.pdf: 1312330 bytes, checksum: 91d11a63a884dfe69c0d9db1c1f04f09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11 / This study aims at contributing to a theory of internormative relationship in the scope of international sources that work on the standardization of criminal policy in States and of its legislative product, i. e., criminal law. Therefore, the investigation starts with the opening of the modern State and shows the change of the notion of Westphalian sovereignty which is needed for the construction of the form o f state that predominates in the beginning of the 21st century, the Cooperative Constitutional State. In this paradigm change, this study not only emphasizes the role of criminal law in the phenomenon of the internationalization of law but also suggests that criminal law ? due to its relation with human rights ? is responsible for determinant events in the process that change relations between national and international law broadly. In this context, it identifies a specific juridical domain, transnational criminal law, which is the product of a transnational criminal policy that leads to a global legal harmonization in certain areas of criminal law. Due to the new order imposed by the internationalization of law in general, and of criminal law in particular, this research also points out the need to highlight the different and permanent roles imposed on the relevant national and international actors when they face a multilevel normative structure which regulates in national law substantial domains protected by human and fundamental rights, changing the face and the role of international law. Based on the characteristics of this new legal structure, the study outlines a theoretical model of internormative relationship based on three categories: (i) networks, (ii) margin of appreciation and (iii) principle of the rule most favorable to the human being. They lead to a model of dialogic cooperation whose aim is to privilege the quality of the rule, rather than its hierarchy, in the decisions taken by judges and legislators, by using instruments of internormative connection. / O trabalho busca contribuir para uma teoria de relacionamento internormativo no ?mbito das fontes internacionais que se articulam para a padroniza??o da pol?tica criminal dos Estados e do seu produto normativo, o direito penal, no quadro da sociedade em rede. Para isso, parte da abertura do Estado moderno e demonstra a modifica??o da no??o de soberania westfaliana necess?ria para compreender a formata??o estatal predominante neste inicio de s?culo XXI, o Estado Constitucional Cooperativo. Nesta mudan?a de paradigma, enfatiza o papel do direito penal no fen?meno da internacionaliza??o do direito e sugere que o direito penal ? devido ?s suas rela??es com os direitos humanos ? ? respons?vel por eventos determinantes no processo que muda as rela??es entre o direito nacional e internacional como um todo. Neste contexto, identifica-se um espec?fico dom?nio jur?dico, o direito penal transnacional, produto de uma pol?tica criminal transnacional que conduz a uma harmoniza??o global em determinadas ?reas do direito penal. Devido ? nova ordem imposta pela internacionaliza??o do direito em geral, e do direito penal em particular, o estudo salienta os compromissos diferenciados e permanentes que se imp?em aos atores nacionais e internacionais relevantes diante de uma estrutura normativa multin?vel que, modificando a cara e o papel do direito internacional, disciplina no direito dom?stico ?mbitos materiais protegidos por direitos humanos e fundamentais. Diante das caracter?sticas dessa nova estrutura normativa, a pesquisa esbo?a um modelo te?rico de relacionamento internormativo recorrendo a tr?s categorias: (i) redes, (ii) margem de aprecia??o e (iii) princ?pio da norma mais favor?vel. Elas ir?o conduzir o trabalho a um modelo de coopera??o dial?gica, que pretende elevar a qualidade da norma ? e n?o sua hierarquia ? a crit?rio de decis?o nos planos deliberativo e aplicativo, por interm?dio do manejo de instrumentos de conex?o internormativa.